against violence, it’s in their name, how they broke down doors, broke out windows, it seems to me that the most important question is who gave these demonstrators the green light, and i express myself very carefully, because i don’t have factual data to point fingers , to anyone in particular, but this kind of event very rarely happens in europe.

there are very important, but not existential interests, i believe that russia has opportunities, but since there are no common borders, these opportunities are quite limited, i do not i know how russia can compete with the collective west in providing scholarships and everything else, but i know one thing, maybe at least to some extent, some, but i know one thing where russia can...

which for many there would be a lot of serbs, including young ones. it was a great game, we'll see you on the air tomorrow. happy new year, we have lived together for 24 years, we have three girls, and the most significant events in our lives are meeting each other, i wanted to tell you about the story of how i met my beloved mother-in-law, i’m with a friend

... health, hello, this is a podcast of witnesses from einstein, where we, film historians, natalya ryabchikova and stanislav didinsky, talk about who and how created classic, cult, beloved, little... known and forgotten soviet films, we reveal the secrets of film archives and tell you how to watch soviet cinema now, how to find new meanings in it and get even more pleasure. today we have an unusual episode, we will talk about new year's films, new year's films and cartoons, about how

this tradition has developed and what it means to us. let's try to start from the very beginning, what was at the beginning, when all this appeared? well, if we talk about russia, about the russian empire, all this appeared , of course, almost simultaneously with the advent of cinema in russia, because the first cartoon, namely a cartoon, a three-dimensional puppet cartoon was released in 1912, or rather at the end of 1912, we watched it for quite a long time in the russian empire, this is a cartoon by vladislav starevich, the father of russian animation, and christmas, the inhabitants of the forest, actually. we consider the year 1912 to be the year of the birth of russian animation, which recently celebrated its 110th anniversary, we have a fragment from this cartoon, we can watch it.

indeed, starevich is not only the founder of russian animation , but also the founder of feature films, and on this topic, in particular, he made at least two films that have survived, about which we can definitely say that they are probably related to the new year, more precisely to christmas, this is the connection before christmas and the snow maiden, that is, in one we have

some fantastic events, this is also an important part of the two-year film, an adaptation of gogol, in the other we have a snow maiden, we have. cold, winter and a certain drama, these are also a few, it seems to me, elements that later make up our familiar new year's film, but what about... happens then, and in the twenties, we don't see anything about the new year and christmas, well of course, what kind of christmas could it be in the twenties, when the soviet union was updating old rituals, abandoned the old ones, new ones have not yet been invented, but there are some elements, for example, a cartoon of soviet toys, there is also a christmas tree, this is a cartoon that was made in the early 20s by degoverts, a future classic of soviet documentary, there is a connection there. cities and villages, as critics of those years would say, that is, red army

peasants, form from their own figures a tree on which relics of former times dangle. that is, the christmas tree is not revered, it is part of some religious rituals that are abandoned, instead, let’s say, october, or some kind of komsomol celebrations, ultimately by the mid-thirties... it becomes necessary to somehow celebrate the end of last year and the beginning of the next, somehow officially. and in the thirty-sixth year, in fact, this new year celebration officially begins to be celebrated again, but at first cinema does not fit into this, animation fits in again. in 1937, the first cartoon by the wonderful director and animator olga khadotaeva, called father frost and the gray wolf, was released. wolf as the main one the antagonist will be present from... animation for quite a long time, until finally there was a dog living in the film, eduard nazarov does not rehabilitate this

unfortunate character, and santa claus is only acquiring these features, firstly, he, of course , is still black and white, like everyone else, well, the vast majority of animation, color is still an experiment for soviet cinema, and truly color cartoons will be released only after the great patriotic war, in the late forties, in the fifties, then color, of course, will not go back anywhere. but deb frost, of course, doesn’t wear it yet those familiar features to us, and of course, of course, it is not red and white, as in the foreign tradition, where it also acquires its canonical image of santa claus only with the advent of the popular carbonated drink. yes, in 1948 the first cartoon appeared, where santa claus was already in color in the form we are familiar with, starting with...

this is a stunt film, in the soviet union in the late twenties they realized that they probably needed animation from the production of propaganda short videos or from commercials that are shown before the start of a movie show, to use it for some kinder cause, that is, to start filming it, targeting it for children, to pull them out of the influence of foreign cinema, from the influence of gary pilli, douglas ferbgans and other foreign screen stars and begin to instill love in them. to soviet animation and so gradually and to traditions, yes, the fairy tale is gradually returning

to the screen, in the twenties it was expelled from literature, chukovsky was in a fall, about which comrade nadezhda krupskaya was indignant, well, in general, animation is gradually becoming children's again, quite a lot appear films for children to remind them that animation is something fabulous, something magical, and of course, these basic elements are always a miracle. hope for the best in the new year, all this appears there, and of course , this is not television yet, yes, this is all, of course, repertoire cinema, it is shown, as a rule, at special children's screenings, as it was before the revolution, filmmakers who deal with feature cinema, not animated, not hand-drawn, not puppet, come to, perhaps , the realization, the feeling that the audience i'd like to see something. so fabulous , phantasmagogorical and associated with the new year only in the mid-fifties, when

our main classic actually came out, well, when it came out, it was not a classic, naturally, but it was one of, in general, intended as one of the passing films, review films , in which the plot will be very conventional, new year's songs will be strung on it, and nothing more, no one expected that its director, a debutant, would later become a big figure in soviet directing, we we don’t even call this film... just a success , an extremely unexpected success and also thanks to. this song, we have a fragment: i’ll sing you a song about 5 minutes, let them sing this song of mine, let it fly in the light, i give you a song, this song about 5 minutes, 5 minutes, 5 minutes, my hour

will be heard soon, 5 minutes, 5 minutes , have mercy on those... who are sorry, 5 minutes, 5 minutes, figure it out, strictly speaking, even in these 5 minutes you can do a lot, 5 minutes, 5 minutes, my clock will ring out soon, make peace , those who's in a mess, it's 12 minutes to five, the new year is probably already on its way, about to begin in full swing, we’ll soon say happy new year at 12 minutes to 5. but actually, five minutes to 12 - this is the time period during which ildar aleksandrovich rizanov will then learn to build up suspense, but this will be an irony of fate later. listen to hoku and you will understand everything. only sacred fuji knows how many roads i must go to

find happiness. now you try it. there ’s noise around, let it be, don’t make a fuss, everything’s fine, now you understand everything, hello guys, well done, that you are glorifying russian science, i , too, am a kind of engineer, so to speak, i maintain the voltage in the network, kvn, the major league, the final on december 30, at the first, where have you... arrived, everyone is waiting for you there, let's go, china, look , who is here, oops, america , you say, taiwan, that’s it, go get some air, rom, castro, a product of the stellar group, you

are watching the podcast of sweet lisenstein, in which i, a film historian, and my colleague, film historian natalya ryabchikova, today we are talking about new year's films. why is this movie like this? sounded, why did it thunder so much, what was wrong with it? well, firstly, this is a comedy that has been awaited for a long time, because, as ivan pyryev said, who in those years was the head of mass film and who was already a classic of soviet cinema, the author of numerous comedies that came out in the thirties, musical comedies, musical comedies, comedy is the most difficult piece of advice from a musical film. what we have always got for this genre, which will be loved and watched by the entire soviet audience that will be released on screens closer to the end of the year, on new year’s eve, and naturally, of course, a very conventional topic was chosen, well, what’s going on on the carnival night, the boss goes on a business trip , some kind of

, well, his deputy is appointed instead, who should simply check that everything will be fine, that the new year will be celebrated as planned with a good start. initiatives, let's do something that has never happened, let's not have , like, new year's reports, or some kind of strange quizzes, when in one of the first versions of the carnival night scenario, agurtsov offered a quiz, forfeits, a political casserole, it was called, let's pull

out of the casserole from the cap, pieces of paper with questions on pressing socio-political topics , all this... at once, lord, well, an endless falsehood, that's all, of course, then these things left the script, it became more universal, less topical in some moments, so it was loved, in fact, by all viewers and became a comedy for all times, we recognize these types, cucumbers, played superbly igor ilinsky, and partly reminds us of another character, the head of the collective farm, comrade byvalov, do you remember this one, yes, but there was no new year there, there... this is that universal set that will then appear everywhere and in many films about the new year and which is shown and filmed in order to be watched for the new year, yes, these are actions

that take place on the last day of the old outgoing year, when you need to say goodbye to all the troubles of the year, when everyone is in a hurry, this suspense is always necessary, it’s pumping up, you need to be in time, have time to be in time, it’s in the animation, but to have time to close all old affairs before 12 o’clock, and then start life with a new christ, or have time to do something good, and, for example, sing a song, of course, is a considerable part the success here lies in the appearance of lyudmila gurchenko on the screen, in the way she, with her wonderful smile , performs all these songs easily, freely, and the people who watched this, of course, again, not on television, who watched it in cinemas, leaving the cinema, they already started humming, they wrote to the studio about it, they wrote about this in the state cinema, that is , we know that this is really... a phenomenon of people's love, but still, at the turn of the fifties and sixties , television appeared, which was quite widespread, blue lights appeared, so i wanted

to say about this, what we see in a carnival night, we see a typical benzene scene of any soviet blue light, a hall in which there are tables, between which a singer walks, a singer performs some kind of song, well, that is , rather new year's and other blue lights on... television, including addressing this film as a model, yes, but there were no others. it’s interesting that the first new year’s light on television appeared in 63, and it was made by a man who, a couple of years earlier , could have become our andrei torkovsky, it was a student, a former student at gika, eduard obalov, who began the film ivanov’s childhood, but he was an excellent student , a good student, very talented, he couldn’t cope with this film, but...

countries, for example, astronauts, yes, the new year’s light is a time, a place when some unexpected characters meet, this is the moment when everything can turn upside down, when there is time for a parody, for example, yes, filmmakers are also starting to get involved in this creation of some special films and concerts, i guess you can say that. i think, especially about a wonderful director, maybe even a brilliant director,

it’s difficult for a historian to say such words, but it seems to me that larisa shipitko really deserved it, but her new year’s film at 13 o’clock in the morning, which she made in sixty-eight, well not falls into the genre, it seems like all the elements are in what she does, and she does it with wonderful colleagues, cinematographer pavel levesh. the screenwriters there are ilya nusinov and his partner semyon lunginin, they are wonderful masters of the comedy of children's cinema , no entry allowed, but witsen plays there, he plays there, but something doesn’t match, maybe it’s too eclectic, nevertheless this film was shown, we we may even see a fragment of it, since then it seems to me that it has practically not been shown on television, someone, well even though you, anchutka without five, would say hello in honor of the guest, stand up quietly and say it so loudly that everyone can hear, so we are,

but what is he saying? and the vodyanoi minimal, this is a zinovt in the role of baba ega, yes, you know, it’s quite difficult and in general, of course, it’s more like a thriller in terms of colors, but like a horror film, even a tale, well, there gather the vodyanoi, goblin and other evil spirits of russian folk tales , they meet a certain distinguished guest, who is from overseas, turns out to be such a small gnome, after which there is a fragment from snow white and the seven dwarfs, and there are songs about bambi, for example, how... the same

films for the new year, why, if new ones are being made all the time, if at some point a tradition develops, to shoot some interesting film on soviet television - commissioned by central television , as they say, show it, yes, yes, yes, show it, uh, actually, on december 31, then repeat on january 1, to attract everyone to the screen, every year there is some new interesting dish that is served to the table . we certainly know the dish that can be eaten today to call it a loveable fish, although it is a wonderful film, it is ironic with a slight steam, but still it was not shown every year on television, because there were so many other options. the irony of fate first appeared on movie screens on january 1, 2010, or rather on television screens. and i really love the moment in this film when , in fact, the new year is just around the corner,

maybe an hour, half an hour has already been there. let's look at the excerpt so it doesn't leak, it suits you very well, i'm very glad that... you

like it, i really like it, it was a brilliant idea to open a hat salon, yes , it’s natural, well, let’s spend the old year, well , of course, it’s hard not to see in this some irony of eldar rizanov himself, who is trying to tell his characters well what to feel at this moment, because the scene is clearly - tense. between the characters they are trying to pretend that nothing happened, that an unknown drunken man did not fall into their apartment, who mixed up the planes, came straight from the bathhouse to leningrad, that everything is fine, that somehow it will all remain in the past, in general, a straw hat seemed to create this cheerful mood, a vaudeville mood, which our completely unrealistic heroes lack, and yet we know, because you personally.

i looked at all the soviet newspapers from the year sixty-three, absolutely true, yes, indeed, i did research, looked at the soviet press for 50 years to understand what was really shown how many times, and what exactly was shown on the new year, and we know, well only shown five times in soviet times, since its release on television screens of the soviet union, the film ronnie fate was repeated only five times, why because, for example, only two...

still passed out, went to preventative care, resumed there again at 6 or 8 in the morning with new programs, but this tradition, when under new year lookemevich has a profession, and good luck gentlemen, the operation and shurik’s new adventures, well, all these films of gaidai, danelia, rezanov, this is still a post-soviet tradition that took shape, in general , before our eyes in the early 2000s, in fact by the seventies already, well, at least in animation. but here we also see, there is some kind of irony over this whole new year celebration, there is a game with an emerging genre, for example, the cartoon everyone’s favorite santa claus and summer, when santa claus is no longer at all a formidable frost, he is so small an old man who decided to have a look at the summer, and he is saved by children, yes, this is not a powerful character, this is really a hero whose capabilities are limited, a symbolic figure, but

not an evil spirit at all. who will later become later post-modernist interpretation, but we still love him, in the classic animated series in 1974 the wolf from...

separately there were some new year's cuts, just songs or fragments from comedy films from cartoons, i remember that very well on television, but we forget that these songs sounded on records, which are sufficient in themselves, but as it will later be in the nineties, they will become participants in the set of compositions of radio stations, some kind of rotation will take place, individual and... viewers there will be, or rather listeners already listeners will listen to them many times, in general they will become a little cut off from their source, from the films in which they existed, and thus at some point on

channel one we will have a new tradition, old songs, about the main thing, here are the same old songs from old films, in which their singers sing about some basic feelings about joy, about hopes, they will all become the happiness of no one... these are the same old songs about the main thing, that’s what this show was called, which for the first time at the beginning of the nineties appeared on domestic television, in ninety-five, but this parody and musical reviews, it seems to me, were noticeable in the eighties. in movies, in cartoons, because in the eighties there were two such, it seems to me, big new year's hits, on the one hand , the film is sorcerers, and there the action takes place on new year's eve in a certain place, well, well, this is a free

adaptation of the strugatsky films, this is preparation for the new year , this is science fiction, straight science fiction, but such soviet fiction, yes, about life, about us, talking cats or non-speaking magic wands, semyon foroda , who wanders on tv... video from the clock with the tower's rescue, when they are waiting for the very minute when they strike 12 o'clock, and we watch the appeal on tv, the leader, by the way, this tradition appeared in

the time of brezhnev, yes, yes, yes, the nineties, this is the era of the all-union military union, video cassettes, and many films that we could watch, we now watch on tv, on the internet, and spread through video cassettes, so, by the way, foreign films come to us cinema, to many of us. and many of the films that we love to watch today on new year’s eve and which they love to watch abroad, casablanca, it ’s a wonderful life, comes to us, yes, because what, what traditions exist abroad, it’s a wonderful life, a film about what each of us can get a second chance, the story of a man who is franco capra, mid-forties, about how one man who despairs of life asks his angel to show him what would have happened if he had never been born. and the angel shows him how unhappy everyone would be people in his town, how miserable his family would be if he didn't exist. this film is not immediately, but also thanks to repeated shows on television, how casablanca with humphrey bogort and ingor berban becomes part of the new year's ritual, or rather, well, like

a christmas ritual, like, for example, there is a typical color set, green, red, of a new year's film, yes , which is also gradually taking shape in foreign cinema, primarily american. if the hero is dressed in green or red, and his companions are too, it’s definitely a movie about christmas. home alone, it seems to me, one of those classic films, already harry potter, home alone, here's die hard, also a new year's film, oddly enough, an action movie with bruce willis, which we watched in the nineties with great pleasure, like the terminator, and this is really a film that also takes place on new year’s eve, or rather on christmas , sometimes they forget about it, because all other events overshadow it, but nevertheless, it’s new. bruce willis brings us, yes, like such a christmas grandfather, or another example,

cartoon by henry selick and tim burton , a pre-christmas nightmare, where, in general, the characters from another halloween holiday at some point become heroes of christmas, where everything changes, turns on its head, in general this is a little earlier, long before this became popular, felt in soviet cinema, in the ninety-first year evgeniy’s film was released on soviet screens. not only the hero of some kind, joyful

film, but also a horror film, then later in the following years we see how santa claus really becomes an ominous spirit, very often, who, as in soviet cinema, where he is neither good nor evil, where he simply exists, punishes children for bad deeds, does not give them gifts, on the contrary, drags them away, well, i don’t know where in the forest pulls them out to the north, yes, we see it like santa claus in finnish films. this is some kind of, well, christmas spirit, this is some kind of evil, evil creature that lives in the forest for which you need to hunt, in general there are quite a lot of such examples, this is of course a game with the image absolutely postmodern, but of course, we saw all this already in soviet cinema, these hollywood films showed us, among other things, that there is a certain set of plot elements, images and, of course, paraphernalia, which...

my friends and i go to the bathhouse every year,

rituals remain , which are fixed in the mind, how many people go to the bathhouse on new year’s eve, what is a bathhouse in general, everyone has a bathhouse now, well, many people may have a bathhouse at home today, but nevertheless, what is this scene actually about? film, ironically, about the fact that despite the fact that every soviet person has a comfortable apartment with his own bathroom, where you can take it even in clothes, as polito shows us, you still need to go. to honor the tradition, to remind yourself and your friends that some things are unshakable, yes, like tangerines, olivier, even if you don’t eat them, even if the fish you love is disgusting, it’s still a kind of tradition when you hope that in next year everything will be new, and maybe something will change in your life, or it won’t change, but that will only show next year, so thank you very much to the movie for reminding us of this. and this was a podcast of witnesses from einstein, where we

, film historians stanislav dedinsky and natalya ryabchikova, talk about who and how created classic cult, forgotten, little-known and completely unknown soviet films, all episodes of our podcast can be watched on the website of channel one 1tv.ru. today we are talking about probably one of my favorite topics, with the topic of decembrism, with books about decembrism, my, one might say, almost professional interest in history began, thank.

and sergei solovyov, today we will talk about the decembrists, about the decembrist movement, in the decembrist uprising, the influence of this movement on the further history of russia. the topic is very interesting, because such a rich layer of mythology is associated with the history of decembrism. many people have the idea of ​​the cruel nicholas and the white fluffy decembrists. in general, this does not really correspond to the story, as always, not everything is so black and white. and it’s interesting that this is a myth. did not arise at all from soviet times, although it is clear that in soviet times, well, we we all know these verses that the decembrists woke up hertsin, hertsun struck the bell , and so on, it went all the way to the bolsheviks, so for the bolsheviks the decembrists, of course, were, well , distant, distant, but ancestors,

relatives, in fact, this myth appeared quite quickly after the suppression of the uprising, at first a myth appeared that... it was imaginable that people would generally take mortal risks for the sake of some reforms, changes for the good of their homeland, so many even believed that why were they executed, all of them were needed send, so to speak, a madhouse, something like that, but quite quickly this myth was replaced by another, the historian is crazy, because it’s difficult for society anton kirsnovsky, for example, he wrote that the russian intelligentsia was brought up to a huge extent on the cult of the five-povesh.

long-range plan, they didn’t talk about this, in general , it was a closed topic, first of all it is necessary to say about the domestic uniqueness of this phenomenon, because all the decembrists, even including the society of the united slavs, are nobles, a unique situation, representatives of the ruling class, and if we we're talking about the north and southern society, then these are many heroes of the war of the twelfth year, of course, the local hero borodin, and of course, the culm, these are people in whose families... governors, spetstel’s father, governor, senators, yes, the father of the muravyov apostles, senator, nikita muravyov himself a millionaire who became a millionaire by inheritance, and thanks to a very profitable marriage, generals, why did they need to risk everything, in soviet times, when the decembrists had not yet

been made cult figures, there was a simplified explanation of mikhail nikolaevich pokrovsky, that they say these are representatives of the poor , that is, a little achieved noble aristocracy , who simply wanted to improve their social status, but here are representatives of such merchant noble capitalism, which in general in reality does not correspond in any way, we need to find out why this happened, why do they it was necessary to risk everything, that they already had open quarries, the possibilities of the decembrists - this is such a border zone, on the one hand , this is the last such classic palace coup between the kingdoms, the soldier used in the dark... this somehow echoes the classics, the era of palace coups, on the other hand, this is the first.