apostolov, senator, nikita muravyov himself is a millionaire, who became a millionaire by inheritance, and thanks to a very profitable marriage, generals, why did they need to risk everything. in soviet times, when the decembrists had not yet been made cult figures, there was a simplified explanation from mikhail nikolaevich pokrovsky that they were representatives of the poor, which means they had achieved little, of the noble aristocracy, who simply wanted to increase their own. social status, yes, these are representatives of such merchant noble capitalism that, in general, in reality, in no case does not correspond , we need to find out why this happened, why they needed to risk everything, that they already had open quarries, opportunities, the rise of the decembrists - this is such a border zone , on the one hand, this is the last such classic palace coup between the kingdoms, the soldiers used into the dark, this somewhere echoes the classic era...

russia, for the benefit of russia, because their goals were the most noble, and indeed, none of them, unlike the previous participants in the coups, even i thought that they would receive some kind of titles, ranks, money, positions, none of this happened, they really. they risked their careers, their fate, so later, when the investigation was going on, in fact , the same people dealt with them, absolutely, they sat in the same masonic lodges, they were at the same balls, courted the same ladies, they they couldn’t lie, they considered it indecent to lie, legacy, they really said honestly what they thought, what they planned, and so on, this there were... new people, the idea of ​​a military coup

, this is an idea for the people, but without the people , yes, this is the idea of ​​both colonel rieg in spain, and the military revolution in naples, that is, this is what was happening in europe then, they saw it all, learned from it, and of course, they are afraid of the new pugachevism, here it is very important, they are like nobles, this is what they were brought up with after pugachev and the french revolution, russian aristocrats began to teach their children crafts at the end of the 18th century. for example, the famous general ermolov, who, by the way, was in one of the organizations, pre-december, well, essentially masonic organizations, the order of russian knights, he was a brilliant bookbinder, why? because his father, knowing full well that the french aristocrats later scattered across europe and simply begged, including in russia, wanted his son to have a profession in his hands in the event of a revolution in russia, they wanted to make a revolution, but without a revolution, in including seeing the bloody consequences of the revolution in france. like now? to say, i

’m not very sure that they wanted to make a revolution without a revolution, perhaps this is said strongly, but the fact that they were afraid of pugachevism, that the fact that they knew the history of the french revolution and all the terrible, so to speak, things that were happening there, is true, the southern society, which was first led by pestel, and then by the ant apostle, and they, after all, the decembrists had disputes, on all occasions, about what to do after that, and the technology of seizing power, and so, one of the points of view, it was dominant in southern society, there was such a spanish colonel, according to -i don’t remember now when he started or when he was a lieutenant colonel, riego, and he started, in fact, an uprising in the province and for some time it was successful, which is why, in general, there was a dispute.

between two positions to start in the capital, or here is the example of riego, because it was tempting for them, because it was about a movement, so to speak, of soldiers, that is , soldiers, as they believed, were easier to control, and this would ensure, so to speak, well, if not bloodlessness, then anemia, so to speak, of the decembrian uprising, the big question here is where did these people come from? factors that formed, here klyuchevsky... called the mood that was among the decembrists after the campaigns abroad as patriotic sorrow, so they saw the world of serfdom, which russia saved from the napoleonic dictatorship, and what in russia, in russia arrakcheev, and with the arakcheev stick , who really had sadian inclinations, what can i say, he did a lot of useful things for the russian artillery, he abused the peasants as best he could , including the russian military settlements.

this is freethinking, based on french philosophy, voltaire, montesky, rousseau, even before that, this jesuit education, for some, yes, well, for many leaders, freemasonry, well, remember radishchi, the debate about whether he is

a freemason or just a friend of the masons, so to speak , in any case, the journey of petersburg, it is dedicated to the cossack, the mason, his friend , the closest, the same thing happened, this... appeared, unlike the fathers, freethinkers, businessmen appeared, you are right in saying that what they fought, saw there, they didn’t they just saw, they participated in the redistribution of europe, in the creation of a new europe, they were already businessmen, the idea arose, unlike

the fathers who could simply, so to speak, chat over tea, about freedom, about freedom, and then flog the peasants, yes , these were already thinking that... if they did work there, then they could change the state of things in their homeland, and that first of all to change, of course, the eyesore then serfdom, of course, which is obvious, accordingly in europe it no, the standard of living is even higher in russia, which saved, again, yes, this is very important, russia saved europe, yes, the peasants saved russia, the peasants, both in uniforms and without uniforms, saved russia, but we have it, we actually have slavery. yes, well, this is some kind of historically not entirely correct identification, but then they thought exactly like that, well, what catherine then, as we remember, did simply, abolished the word slavery, yes, she forbade calling serfdom slavery, but yes, there is no word, but the essence -that is, yes, and the first first decembrist organizations, you

here they are absolutely right, they are made essentially on the model of masonic lodges, the sacred artel, officers of the general staff, the order of russian knights, even the name itself, on the model of masonic lies, but then there appears... a new organization, the union of salvation, then a filter through which they pass people from the more abstract union of salvation, more so also masonic, into a more secret society , similar to the society that strived for the unification of italy, for example, yes, the union of welfare, we often forget about the military society, but it was such a filter, yes, then, accordingly, after the dissolution of the union of welfare, which the authorities learned about, the authorities knew, this was the creation of a northern society that continued the traditions of southern society, the december movement.

partly with the ideals of enlightenment, the main areas of activity are philanthropy, education, justice and social order, in which people had to engage in setting an example, because many of the decembrists are trying to free the peasants, the famous example with ivan yakushkin, very characteristic of subsequent history, simply very indicative, yakushkin suggested to the peasants as in europe, which means that the land remains with the landowner, you work on it, receive payment accordingly for the work or rent, the rent... is high, the peasants scratched their heads and said: no, father, it’s better to do it the old way, we are yours, and the land is ours, the russian peasant does not realize freedom without land, this will later come to light during the abolition of serfdom. another example, ivan pushchin, pushkin’s friend, my first friend, my invaluable friend, also by his

example, he has a career, a career throws and goes to the judge, what is a judge at the beginning of the 19th century, this is fie and grind, this is vile. profession, this is, by definition, a corrupt official, a bribe-taker, a burnout , and so on, and he, accordingly, shows that justice can be the work of a nobleman, sets an example for others, plans for regicide arise in the ranks of the decembrist. including, but also unique. yakushkin suggested what to do, yes, imitate a duel, shoot the tsar, shoot yourself with two pistols. and in this connection a theory arises, which the st. petersburg historian and writer yakov gordin, he talks about the decembrists, like the rebellion of reformers, people who wanted reform and wanted, accordingly, first of all, to demonstrate to the authorities the need for these very reforms, that’s how you approach this point of view, this is a kind of border between the past. and in the future, of course , there was a lot of talk about the constitution, about the abolition

of serfdom, that’s all, but then the most important issue was being decided, the end of the means, say, failure on senate square, hesitation, this is the end of the means, why pestel stopped leading southern society, because that this was the first person who realized that well, he...

bribed his soldiers of the chernigov regiment, and there were general unrest there, when there was already an uprising, when there was already an uprising, the same issue of regicide, they were called, there were some people who they volunteered for this, not only in a duel, just to go in and shoot, and nikolai just came out himself, they could have shot, so they said, they said, but not a single person was found. just like that, you sleep with a goddess, and a simple soviet

alarm clock returns you to simple soviet reality, i see a man, how young he is, they are both young, go, look, you are not suitable for her, who is suitable, you are very beautiful, why, promise that you will never lie to me. i ask you, listen to me , gosya, wait, don’t touch me, that’s enough , let me go, who spent the night here, what happened, wait, it’s my husband, maybe he’s beating himself, doctor preobrazhensky, tomorrow after the program, what happened, yes, quickly follow me to the operating room, vodka veda, a product of stellor

group. pancreas and new year. how to survive the holidays? lemonade, what you should know hypertensive? allergy to cold, what is it? the live healthy program will answer all your questions. tomorrow. on the first. today we are looking at the history of decembrism. this is a historical podcast russia and the west on the swing of history. pester intended to throw himself at the feet of alexander the first, present the whole plan and thereby push him to reform. yes, not only pestel had such thoughts. and well, as a matter of fact, alexander i himself knew very well about these plans and... did not interfere, which later greatly surprised his brother nicholas i, who, reading various

documentation, yes, denunciations , and the denunciations were of such a plan, now i don’t remember the name exactly , but the denunciation was something like this, which means a report that one of the officers reported that another officer was participating in a conspiracy to overthrow the emperor there, and the resolution of alexander i on this document. to punish the one who informed, and to do nothing to this, so i imagine nicholas i read this and was shocked, then nicholas i already... came to the system of political investigation, because he understood that it was simply there that existed, not works, alexander i, had reform ideas at the beginning, we remember the educator-laharpe, the swiss educator, ideas also about the abolition of serfdom and so on, then he moved away from them, if we still talk about programs, here is the northern and southern society,

the southern tulchin society, well, because there accordingly. or a bicameral parliament, this in this case can already be said in detail, but the abolition of serfdom and peasant ownership of land is what is really ripe at this moment, in general, the views naturally converged, but nevertheless, i think it is rightly accepted to believe that if in the southern society, well , such republican views dominated, then in the northern they more often talked about

a constitutional monarchy or looked for some kind of sub-options, rayleigh there recalled combined

... but they stood against their own, the same people , they were acquaintances, they were, i say, sitting in the same masonic lodges, at the same balls, spinning around, that’s how, then they hesitated, and then they shot, but nikolai i decided to shoot, i decided to shoot, and from cannons, as you know, artillery is the argument of kings, yes, yes, in fact, constantine’s wife died.

called orthodox catechisms, and this is a treatise composed by the ant apostle and the bestless, which means they tried , as it were... from this vertical of power - which was familiar to a soldier, god, a king, an officer, they tried to pull out the middle

link, because this - this orthodox catechism, formally in its form, was clothed , as it were, like the gospel and so on, but it included the ideas of rousseau, that all people born equal, free and so on with natural rights. drunkenness, and the officers tried to organize the distribution of regimental money, general discipline began, they tried, but it didn’t work,

the russian soldier in this case, after all , yes, the disciplinary moment was gone, yes, on the one hand, on the other hand, faith in good king, this is very important to understand, it will be preserved for a long time until the 20th century, but why didn’t it succeed as at least some? a minimum of discipline, it all started with a completely ugly scene, well, southern the uprising began a little later, so the order came to arrest the ant brothers, but the commander of the gibbel regiment, gustav gibbel, detained the truthful apostle, but was immediately released by a group of other officers who were involved in these matters.

these officers, they became rebels in the eyes of the soldiers, so , in fact, this, so to speak, desire arose that razin, surrendered their own, yes, this is a historical podcast russia and the west on the swing of history, today we are talking about the decembrists and the decembrist uprising, the most the main problem was that they were not psychologically prepared, what they were preparing for theoretically, yes, which they, of course, actually showed in their behavior in the legacy. who behaved harshly? lunin, who simply looked down on those who interrogated him, because the police profession, interrogation, is a shame, lunin is a completely

different story, and some kryukov second from the society of the united slavs, who was silent, therefore the law was in shackles, according to the tsar instructions, as well as lunin, who, by the way, could have escaped, he was konstantin’s adjutant, no less, konstantin sent him to hunt to the german border in poland, run, but lonin refused to run, he actually went and went in the end. death, because in siberia there are still legends that he not only died at the akatui hard labor camp, but that he was killed, but the legacy of many of them, including the apostle ants, talked about their plans , again hoping for something that the king will listen and carry out reforms, yes, in the end the screws will be tightened, in the end some of historians actually believe that the defeat of the decembrist uprising did not lead to the approach of reforms, on the contrary, to conservation, i don’t agree with this, i would rather say that nicholas. in any case , he was not going to reform anything, and uh , the most important thing for the decembrists was that there was no one to take it , after all, it was alexander who said , but there was no one to take it, well, there was just someone to take it, for

that matter, yes, and there are few of them , from my point of view, it was still a historical false start, but inevitable in the sense, well, of course inevitable, because yes, that’s under, you see, when peter came, there was a need for reforms, peter appeared. thank god, there was already a need here, too, but nikolai came, we don’t need smart people, but loyal subjects, but then he was a man who, well, he thought he was old, he ordered the collection, how to say, we prepared a note that the decembrists proposed there, he looked at it, he admired it, yes, nevertheless, you are right, nothing was done in this regard, well, the secret committees on peasant affairs. but overall he thought that russia doesn’t need new shoes, they just need to be patched up a little, so here he is... in

principle, he laboriously patched them up before the crimean war, because these patched shoes, well, they were so good in normal times, that’s when they went on a campaign i had to go, it turned out that these actual shoes, so to speak, are not suitable, they are falling apart before our eyes, i cannot help but quote the brilliant beginning of the death of vazir mukhtar, yuri nikolaevich tynyanov, whom we know as a philologist, but he is a brilliant writer,

in my opinion, those who sat on penal servitude, those who died, talented commanders, military leaders, and where are they? yes, there were very few of them at that time, of course , there were admirals, here are land admirals, formally, i already said, quantitatively, a seemingly insignificant number, but the participation of 600 people involved, 121 convicted, yes, yes, but if we don’t say quantity, but quality, then yes, of course, the quality of the human material, to put it cynically, was very high. yes, that’s why there really weren’t enough of them afterwards. the future, the future, she, well, i don’t know, they had no chance, they couldn’t, you see, maybe if this had happened , i don’t know, in a few years, they would have succeeded, well, in any case , they would have taken power, but then, so to speak, an unexpected event happened, the king died, this death

caught them, so to speak , without nikolai palkin , who established autocratic power like this , alexander ii probably would not have been able to abolish serfdom either, because those who supported the abolition of serfdom were very few, as far as society, well, relatively speaking, society , russia as a whole, that is, was ready

i don’t think she was interested in the reforms that the decembrists proposed. ready, perhaps she wasn’t, but in any case, this turning point had to be painful, because russia, from my point of view , later paid for the lag in the abolition of serfdom with three revolutions at the beginning of the 20th century. i agree that the decembrists could not have succeeded in the state they were in. so, we nevertheless know that this tightening of the screws under nicholas i then led, alas, to the tragedy of the crimean war, to how it later had to this, again, with the help of no one... as always, gather two historians, there will be three opinions, yes, be that as it may, of course, at that time russia was not

ready, it... well, as you know, as he said, it devours, so to speak, all directions of social thought were forced to determine their attitude towards decembrism and inevitably took into account this decembrist ethos, yes, ethics in fact, in general, lack of silver, according to which we must give up our own privileged position for the sake of it, even at the cost of his life, it was odoevsky who exclaimed, who

wrote the answer to pushkin from siberia, yes, oh, how gloriously we will die. the day before, that is, in order for the people to live better , self-sacrifice is acceptable and necessary, and in general, people who, as i started with, yes, have everything, the means and... pyotr romanov and sergei were with you solovyov, we were actually talking about people who were very few in number, but who, as our conversation today probably showed, had a very great influence and still do in a certain way degrees continue to influence our history.

study history with us, along with the historical podcast russia and the west on the swing of history. all episodes of the russia west podcast on the swing of history can be viewed on the website of the first channel 1tv.ru. happy new year, our son ’s birthday is december 27, and before the new year we first cut the tree into apples, tangerines into oranges, it ’s called lyoshkina’s tree, he’s already 42 years old, but we’ve been doing this for 42 years, and i’m the same as always everything at the last moment, around the thirtieth i... will start to think about how i need to decorate the christmas tree, around the thirty-first i will run to buy gifts for loved ones and relatives, i want to wish our vast homeland prosperity, love, new future

champions, well, happiness, probably everything that would you added, i would add health, yes, that’s a must, that’s all. hello, dear friends, just think, i’ve been waiting for this meeting for 20 years. dmitry maloletov, this is one of the most, not to mention famous, one of the most beloved guitarists in moscow, if by moscow, then in all of russia, myself. unattainable, the most fantastic , unique guitarist, we first met on air here on channel one in a program with the sound title apology, it was in 2003, now 20 years later we meet again, all this time, dima has been developing his

unique style, so only he plays, moreover, he comes up with his own music, and this is fantastic, look at the style, you will now fly above your own chair, and we will sort it out later. what is the essence of this unique style. dmitry maloletov.

well, if you add swing here, well, like this style of play. so the guitarist turns into a pianist, well, i wouldn’t say so, because the piano has its own technical capabilities, but this significantly expands. this is an arsenal, because following the pianist you get a bass line in your hands, you are willing to play it with ease, moreover, we can hear some drums, well, the percussive technique is also added, because i combine touch style with the finger style technique , all this is packaged in one piece, and i move from one technique to another, and it seems to me that it is the evolution of the guitar that goes in this direction, dacha.

can i speak for everyone who listened to maloleta now? in my opinion, that’s it. it turned into such an energetic

, all-consuming, all-crushing, all-carrying flow that , in my opinion, the audience and i, can i speak for everyone, still didn’t understand where the finger style was, where the tauch style was, we only know one thing, a young genius, and which one there's a style, you know what it seems to me, comrades, you never know what styles, you be a little kid, it means that you have melodies constantly playing in your head, and it's just that this style is the best tool for making these melodies audible to others, isn't it? to be honest, many people pay attention to playing technique, but the musician’s task is to write music, because technical tricks, well , you won’t last long at them, you can, of course , attract attention to yourself with some technical tricks, but you need music, that’s why this technique needs to be transformed.

phrases, comrades clapton, what’s not a phrase, you’ll sing it, you never know what’s not on the guitar now, it’s a statement, of course, here we are guitarists in their narrow circles. we have such a battle going on now, because young people are very interested in technology, and then don’t know where to apply it, because technology, well, as sting said, music is not born from playing the piano, no matter how much you practice, but music it

comes from another source, to compose music - you need to think, dream, look for some impressions, because well, scales, if you play.

years ago i saw a guitar and of course, when i heard four magic chords, what are these this play.