he was a member of the presidium of the supreme council, a deputy, well, i see, there are even very mediocre officials who people are afraid to approach, so he was the kind of person to whom these women could come up with something to say, just tell me, what we did for you, they knew that he would help them, not everyone would react without asking him something, well, in the same hospital, this was the case with him, it’s not a coincidence, he was there when in the evenings all these nurses.

end the conversation, despite the fact that the man has traveled all over the world, reached the heights of fame, but still for real - he feels at home, here in his homeland, in dagestan, on horseback, and this is such a farewell photograph that says that the poetry of rasul gomzatov is alive, she will live, i thank you from the bottom of my heart, salekat rasulovna, for this most interesting conversation, thank you very much, all the best.

that all episodes of the podcast, let them not speak, let them read, you can watch on the website of the first channel 1tv.ru. great is the power of memory, something terrifying, exists in the diversity of its countless depths, as avreli augustine wrote in his famous confession. hello, today we have gathered our thoughts about memory, about its secrets and mysteries. dmitriy. petrovich bag, literary scholar,

candidate of philological sciences, evgeniy germanovich vodolaskin, writer, doctor of philological sciences, friends, i’m very glad to see you, it’s mutual, with whom, no matter how i talk to you? about such a topic, and you know, i want, i have this pre-question, maybe a warm-up, memory is more about hope or a curse? evgeny germenovich? well, memory is something that you often want to get rid of, and in fact it is so. sometimes you want to forget many things, so there is something of a curse here. there is a trace, but memory, it gives hope in the sense that if it is a good memory, a good memory, then it gives hope that something will happen again. still, i would put hope in the foreground,

because well, we know, yes, the curse of the family, which can weigh, hang, press on itself, it definitely exists, yes, because the golden age is replaced. and further down to the iron , but nothing good happens to the world, so memory always speaks of a curse, but on the other hand, memory speaks of the best precisely because the past is happy, this childhood, for example, it almost always has a shade of happiness, sinless, transparent existence, and the more you remember, the more you hope that at every moment you live in your fullness, and not in the incompleteness that seems right to you in vanity. i ’m just now, when evgenia germanovich, you said that what you want to get rid of sometimes, yes, i thought, i remembered , or rather the thought, not my thought, about what confession is, it’s a cry to god, lord, don’t remember me like this, that is, don’t remember me committing

this act, forget it, well, it’s funny to ask god , to forget something, but this is generally the whole idea, well, not repentance, but repentance is probably based, no, moreover, i... that repentance, confession is overcoming time, you return to the time before sin, as if, because this sin is washed away, it goes away, the only difference is this, you return to the old time, but with the memory of sin, this is already a hint of the absence of time, the absence of before and after, and simply exists. a repentant sin and maybe a desire to prevent it from happening again, it is washed off, but the scars remain, the scars remain, well, the famous line of pushkin, but there are options for sad or shameful lines, i don’t wash it away, yes, this is a very important story, because

even if from memory i want to get rid of it, i agree with zhenya, but after all, the work is not to get rid of it, but to understand that it is given for something. because there are no tests of superpowers, we understand perfectly well, even if this memory is bad, the memory of a sinful state of soul or an action, then it is still not given in order to be equal to it, memory is what makes us unequal to ourselves in the best sense, look how natural we are now then let’s move on to the actual content part of the concept, equal, unequal, yuri mikhailovich lotman said that man is memory, culture is memory, i always tell students,

ideas of good and evil, here is a certain extract that already exists in isolation from specific events, that is, the memory of an old man is the memory of a child, i don’t mean that a person

falls into childhood at some point, i mean more in this sense, we are approaching our beginning, so this is the same lack of fullness of memory as. .. in childhood, but only after, with experience, experience does not disappear anywhere, it is extremely interesting, to be honest, at the beginning, when you said, not burdened by memory, i grinned, because i have a different association. a series arose, yes, that there is a lot of wisdom, a lot of sadness, i thought you were talking about this, but you are talking about something completely different, yes, oh wisdom, which is filled with sadness , probably in some sense, yes, but now he can afford to not remember some individual episodes, yes, yes, absolutely right, i don’t know the etymology, but i’ll be so preobrazhensky or fasmer improviser, it seems to me that this comes from the word and mother and take, memory, yes, it is always selective, you cannot remember everything. and zhenya is absolutely right and wise here, yes, that is , we are not talking about some details, episodes, they

can also be remembered, but it is important that memory constructs itself, yes, i will return my previous thoughts, it changes me, but a person’s task is to remember himself correctly, in addition to, well, all the extraneous ones, and what does it mean to remember himself correctly, you know, a person very often still records different moments in his life, especially a believer, he thinks about how to preserve what is most important for himself in a moral sense.

yes, this is probably true, maybe this system is how it should work, who knows, dante, in general, was not such a special spiritual authority, but the very idea of ​​something like this is very close to me nice, because even the idea of ​​hell, there is such an opinion.

this is really so, absolutely true, he either must hang himself like judas , and either repent, so he repents, and the sincerity of this repentance allows him to come up with a new poem of odyssia, in which he gives his new life, i am far from convince the reader that you just need to rewrite, no, you need to repent, and then as such a gift... maybe, maybe, i’m not saying, it’s more of a question, is it possible to get away from bad memories

stay with the good ones before death. today we gathered our thoughts about memory, its secrets and mysteries. dmitry petrovich bag, evgeny germanovich vadolaskin, i’m vladimir ligoida, let’s continue. but look, memory is not only that we forget something, but that we remember something. by and large, in... the memory of an individual, and the memoirs of another

contemporary about the same events will be different, how to perceive this? well, if you allow me, i would still start with forgetting, so that this topic does not disappear, because we are always in this earthly vale we are faced with the realization that we will have to forget, yes , that something completely different awaits, and i keep repeating the quatrain with...

in general, you can be surprised, that is, memory, it stores completely different things, this it’s not that there are five cameras, five identical pictures taken, this is a completely different story, and memoirists need to, well , at least check where, if we want historical ones, i just know what else i thought about, right here... right on the bridge like that moves on to the topic of imaginary memories, not just interpretations, again in chaigin there is this nikolai ivanovich, but this story about chagin’s business trip to britain, i’ll be honest, i still want to think that this is the silent one, when in the end i think that it’s him i came up with everything , i don’t like it, i’ll assume that’s what happened, but in fact, here’s another kaplan, our wonderful author from thomas, he

started in his article, but he wrote that he, as a mathematician, immediately remembered complex numbers, i immediately start thinking further and remember lotman, who says that art is the experience of the unlived , the most important human experience, it turns out that the imaginary memories of any person, they allow him to be a creator in some sense, maybe more than he is more than he actually is about that almost art, yes, that is, there is no art without art , it is generally different. realizes herself, anna karenina, for example, anna karenina, i am convinced that everything that happened to her stems from the desire that she experiences when opening a book in the carriage, at the very beginning, when she goes to reconcile steve with his wife , and meeting there, rides together with vronsky’s mother, they meet vronsky himself, she so wanted to live the lives of all the heroes, yes, that’s the whole point, i think that

the reader experiences the same thing, as a child i so wanted anegin not to kill lensky, when i re-read, but suddenly not... yes, because he wants to see her immediately profile and full face, and we see each other full face, but there are other sides, so any memoirist is firmly convinced that he is writing the truth, even if he wants to deliberately distort it, like zhorzhik ivanov in the st. petersburg lands, in a word, for me in memoirs are still the most valuable subjective, but in kotaev’s grass

of oblivion, he describes there what he considers his friendship with bunin. that’s why bunin kept asking him something and was interested in him, well, mayakovsky also asked him, but in bunin ’s damned days, and his only phrase was absolutely devastating, i don’t want to repeat it, that he would sell everyone, including there , if they paid, here are the memoirs of two people... and about specific ones, they do not contradict each other, these are two truths, they are both true, and salomon’s court, here it’s as if it’s impossible to say what he sold or didn’t sell, that’s not the question. well, yes, but it’s just surprising, so to speak, the range of opinions, well, yes , although here you know, i can’t help but remember this famous buddhist parable about five or

four blind men who approached an elephant, and from different sides, one, that means, who cares , he is absolutely right, he says that it is a snake or a wall, a rope, yes, yes, in this memory the memory is always like this, it cannot embrace everything at once, it cannot give this volumetric vision, vision in general is our aparatik. it’s we who don’t see infrared ultraviolet and the bat sees it, so what about experience? actually, i’ve always been fascinated by the fate of an actor, a great actor who really, if he takes his work deeply and seriously, then he can actually live several lives and can live them to the fullest. return, this is a colossal experience, if you approach it correctly, but the actor is not required to read, but by the way, this is an interesting topic, it can lead us a little now,

yes, but maybe we’ll stop for a second, because to live, not to live there according to the system, not according to the system, again nikita sergeevich mikhalkov said when he had one phrase in his family mardyukov, oh you 40 takes, 40, and he says that if you approach her, she plays in such a way that every time she is taken away by an ambulance, that is, he says, it’s just a professional mistake, yes, that is, the actor must instantly be able to switch off somehow, because otherwise these are these experiences, they are already on the verge of schizophrenia, no, what? stanislavsky says, and since i teach vakhte, i really love konstantin sergeevich, he says a simple thing, that you can’t play anything, you can only grow, develop something in yourself, it must be genuine in your emotional circumstances.

here in the sans souci palace, if you surround it with a wall , then nothing good will come of it, by the way, the wonderful novel by alexei varlamov, my soul pavel, that’s about this, this is the same model, there’s a huge problem here, how many artistic things are based on.. .is that something is hidden from someone so that he i didn’t know, i didn’t remember, most often these are all unsuccessful attempts, here is memory, it

is certainly contextual, for example, when i remember something, i often don’t even remember exactly what was said, but i remember where with what facial expression, this this kind of synesthesia, or i remember something like...

the whole world is connected, that’s what kharms talks about, remember, everyone goes on trams and doesn’t know how everyone is connected to each other, but we need to remember this, well, we heard a wonderful essay , from the lips of evgeny vodolaskin - this is just a fragment from a novel, but i don’t want an essay, but something like this here’s gelertor’s thesis, vladimir romanovich, you asked a little about something else, how

is it with consciousness, right? and this is ignorance , because my two favorite examples: evgeniy borisovich pasternak, he told me twice that his father said that if the gospel had the power of mathematics, then there would be no evil in the world, well, because no person who believes , an unbeliever , an atheist, a buddhist, whatever, cannot say that he does not distinguish where is good and where is evil in the gospel, well, it’s understandable, it’s understandable, like 2:2, like a theorem, but nevertheless the world is near, therefore, some more effort is needed to identify with you, i remembered on... when i first learned that the sum of the angles of a triangle is equal to two right angles, i realized that from now on this truth is mine, mine, and no one will take it away from me again , you see, this moment is missing, yes, newton’s law, it came to newton as an insight that he understood this at that moment, and things fell with the acceleration of free fall and before he formulated it, this device, which we all have in our pockets, it accustoms us to something else, yes, that is simple.

the naked truth of the memory, and you seem to have appropriated it, nothing like that , you need to make it your own, appropriate it through a hyphen, well, after all, in your example from the gospel, it seems to me that another difference is that scientific knowledge, it , well, if you like, forcibly , yes, i found out that two is two, four, and if i argue with this, then maybe they will take me away, but only dostoevsky says 2:2 besides me there will be, not dostoevsky, but underground man, yes, yes, here is the knowledge, let's say, here is the connection. but this thing sets us up that this effort is not requires almost nothing, well, since i spied it, i tell the students, what were you supposed to do 40 years ago if you don’t remember where the line of a poem comes from, he tells me to go to the library, and that you ’ll go to the girls at the checkout and ask where the line comes from, as the years went by, how to find out, well, by the way, you know, i

also wanted to talk about these... those who steal memory, because look, we started with the fact that culture is collective memory, yes, and man is this is an individual memory, but what happens is perhaps too bold a generalization, although in essence it seems to me, it’s true, any information revolution, it gives a serious increase in collective memory, begins the invention of writing, yes, printing, it always hits the individual, yes, the iliad of the odyssey appears in oral culture.

it takes him some time to get involved in this humming collective creativity, and all-human creativity, so he gets an education, he gets involved, gets involved, as soon as he gets involved, he already has to think about the eternal, so well, yes, here’s the thing, memory personal memory historical, in fact, a person is 90 percent formed by personal memory and uh. personal experience, here is historical memory, it includes some small 10% of it, the prehistory of its existence, they are the most important, but for the formation of a person as a spiritual phenomenon, what is important first of all is personal memory, personal, well, this is like some kind

of preface. its own, it is so absorbed by a person, but this is what ultimately becomes that it passes, this must also be said about this, a special phenomenon when something moves from the sphere of abstract knowledge into your personal history, i just remember myself, some things, they became facts of my life.

in some sense, it can change faster than the individual, maybe i’m wrong, but now i thought, they left our background context, for example, there ilf and petrov, well, here i am with the students when i’m trying to say that i once said that your answers remind me of how shura balaganov, in a brisk monotonous retelling of the contents of ochakova’s brochure, i thought that the answer would be friendly hokhod, and the answer was such unladylike glances, what are you talking about, yes, it remained in my individual memory, that is , the collective in this sense changed faster than... no, well, it’s just a large volume, because there are the same number of seconds in a day , how many 2.0 years ago, yes, there are a lot of carriers fighting for us, not only elf petrov, but trifonov has disappeared, for example, i don’t make any comparison between trifonov and elf petrov, galich has disappeared, galich has disappeared, but, but there is no

person, which does not have trifonov in head or makanin, well, here’s another one, when i tell students that this is, well, a classic, well , an absolute classic of a certain time, vladimir semyonovich makanen, this name does not exist at all. because well, we are so used to the fact that literature, art and our life in general exist according to the principle of the media, according to the principle of the informational occasion, what is remembered is what catches you, as the younger generation says, and what doesn’t catch you goes away, yes, indeed, and this is such a serious story, well, some kind of unconditional classic, if possible so to speak, it still remains, for me in a sense it is still an example of greatness, or something of a work, yes, because sometimes it would be better not to remain. famous question, i ask a student, pushkin is a genius, yes , why, i can’t say, yes, but how ulato you love pushkin, yes, so hate him, yes, i immediately begin to tell why zhenya could do the same, why i i can’t live without it, yes, but something that is absolutized on

the tablets is forcibly written down, it disappears, yes, it’s an absolutely amazing story, i sometimes read fragments of chagin in public. and there i have a story about lenin the stove-maker, texts by tvordovsky, zoshchenko and nikolai ivanovich, so i look, no one laughs, no reaction, i say, the audience is quite young, and i say, raise your hand, whoever read lenin the stove-maker, not a single one , that is, i’m not saying that everyone needs to read, but in our country everyone knew it, but it was part of the language,

i heard it a few years ago when you said that this is the universal availability of information and even knowledge of some kind, it simply turns into it i'm scared to mine i like theodor adorn’s phrase that in order to fully perceive music, you still need to get to where it is performed, it’s terribly

important, a symphony, there is no sound recording, there is no technical reproducibility according to benjamin, and therefore if you want to hear a symphony, you must understand where it is performs once a year, and get there to... the philharmonic in another city, then listen, now, to what we are doing, click, click, beethoven's ninth, yes, the first scriabin, but this is not completeness, this is lightness, which is false. and lightness, too even something more, as i remember , was told to me by zanusi, who had not used a mobile phone at all for a long, long time, and he talked about some priest he knew, who had a dog barking on the call, he said, why he says , well, this is a notification, here i am a man from the village, when someone came, a dog barked, when excuse me, you are in the restroom and vivaldi, yes, yes, and this is something like this, well this some kind of... some kind of cultural breakdown, the combination is incompatible and one

process and other things, i think, let’s make a risky joke, dear friends, well, we didn’t have time, of course, i think that i’ll have to gather my thoughts again, i wanted to talk more about memory and time, to continue the topic of forgetting a little, well, maybe be with your permission next time, and you know what i would like to finish with, well, in a sense, we are in captivity of pragmatism today, yes, i would like to ask you, i have such an instrumental question, if you think training is important memory, can you advise something here? for this very training? i’m generally not the one who could give advice regarding memory, but it seems to me that that is, i heard and i think that this is so, you need to learn poetry, that’s exactly what i say, they say that it ’s better in a foreign language, well, you can on your own less, less effect. but i’m against the word

to teach, you need to learn, you need to recognize and well, good poems are simply remembered, lived, lie on the heart, a national goal, well, russian literature is poetry, yes, it’s like the quintessence of language, any speech dies in the moment of our utterance, including you and me , here are the poems, they are forever, yes, poems, they are generally a universal remedy for everything, likhachev said that during the blockade... when -20 in the room, it is impossible to read a book, everyone lies under everyone blankets, but he speaks , but they read poetry out loud , it could be done, and it saved, i agree, absolutely, poetry in russian and not in russian, not in russian, i agree with you, but this is special charm, it’s still an effort, unless of course it’s your native, second language, yes, that is, you understand in a special way what it is neuchona.

switching to native languages, and you know in this regard, what i really like, the ancient greeks say, this was used by the pythagoreans, not the pythagoreans, i don’t know, when you’re already going to bed, going to bed, try to remember the day in all its details, in all the smallest details, well, firstly, you immediately fall asleep, they say, if, if you practice, yes, well, your memory really is trained, thank you. huge, dear friends, i really don’t want to part with you, but time is inexorable, but

we still have memory, evgeniy germanovich vodolaskin, dmitry petrovich bak, today we gathered our thoughts about memory. hello, the program is about the most notable events of this day. under the eternal protection of granite, 80 years of complete lifting of the blockade of leningrad. vladimir putin shared this day with his hometown. we will not betray the feat of our ancestors, the president’s words about

nazism, defeated but not eradicated, from which the current aggression against russia was born. in all directions, repulsed attacks, burned equipment, an american armored personnel carrier abandoned during a counterattack, now a trophy. the lie about the holocaust on the anniversary of the liberation by sventz and the red army, the head of the european commission attributed the salvation of the prisoners to the west. troops. oil, peaceful atom, alternative sources. energy day at the russia exhibition. updated gress blocks have been launched in three regions. time is up, but the intrigue remains. texas, will it come to clashes between local security forces and regular units, and what kind of barrel was baydon listening to? fire alarm, almost a day to extinguish the flames on a british tanker, which was hit by a missile from the yemeni houthis in the waters of the red sea. bright

the rays of searchlights in the winter sky and the lights of twenty-four gun halls. historical frame: 80 years. leningrad saluted everyone, thanks to whom its complete blockade was lifted. a great event and sorrow inseparable from it. for everyone for whom one of the 872 days in the enemy ring became the last day of life. hunger, cold, shelling are in the memory of the blockade survivors, whom fate preserved so that today we know how it was then. vladimir putin, he was born, raised and studied in leningrad, is among the participants in the procession today. memory,

i was 3 years old, my sister and i were looking for a piece bread in every corner of the kitchen, because i really wanted to eat, i was seriously wounded, where were my parents? when a bomb hit our house, they took me out, they were already very wounded and immediately went to the hospital, whether they remained alive, or they remained there forever, i still don’t know, my grandfather is here, my sister is in bolsheokhtinsky, my grandmother is in bolsheokhtinsky, my uncles are here, aunts, i don’t even know in which grave, because they took away from the door, from the central alley in both directions 186, up to 10,000 were buried here in mass graves in the first winter of the siege person per day. leningraders died on the way to work right in line for that same 125-gram piece of bread. they were dying of hunger. about half a million residents of besieged leningrad are buried at the peskarevskoye memorial cemetery alone.

vladimir putin carries burgundy roses to grave number 27. his older brother victor is buried here. the boy was taken away from his family by order, as they wanted. to save from hunger, to evacuate, but they didn’t have time. little vitya fell ill with deuteria and died in june '42, where the family is buried president, i found out only after the war. above the mass graves rises the bronze mother motherland, a symbol of all grieving mothers. at the foot of the monument, the president froze in a moment of silence. as a tribute to the memory of all those who remained forever in that besieged leningrad, a guard of honor passes in solemn formation in front of the memorial, and the national anthem sounds.

at this moment, residents of the city were nearby, they greeted the president, he waved back. people walked to the peskarevskoe cemetery all day today, quiet grief, a silent procession and it seems there is no end to it, delegations from every republic and region of our large country, the speaker of the federation council valentina matvienko left the monument to the monument; for leningradtsev this is a holy day, this is a holy memory, thank god that witnesses of those terrible events, blockade survivors, those who defended this city, etc. are still alive. ..

today delegations from not only the former soviet republics went to the memorial, there were also representatives from uruguay, mongolia, yura, serbia, china and other countries, no matter how western politicians tried to rewrite history, the memory of that great fraternal feat lives on. peoples slovakia and the czech republic have always stood for russia, stood for the truth, politics can change in any direction, but the fraternal peoples of slovakia and the czech republic stand side by side, because of history. to nevsky prospekt, where the inscription from the artillery shelling was preserved, this is the most dangerous street in the country, the siege survivors arrived early in the morning, more than 100 thousand incendiary and high-explosive air bombs were dropped on leningrad, the same amount. artillery shells, every third house was damaged or completely destroyed, the blockade lasted 872 long days, all the time

i wanted to eat, my task was to get bread on ration cards, my grandmother was sick, my mother was at work, so i went for bread, got bread, didn’t allow myself to bring it, of course not a crumb, meaning to pinch off or something, i knew that it was common a small piece in the palm of your hand. the red army tried to break the blockade in several places at once, one of them was the nevsky piglet, a tiny bridgehead on the left bank of the neva was literally stuffed with metal from enemy bombs and shells, more than 100 thousand soviet soldiers were killed, severely wounded in the president's father vladimir speredonovich received his leg here, two cubes grown into each other, cast iron and granite, a symbol of courage, heroism, defenders of the neva patch, vladimir putin also brought flowers to the milestone stone today. 2 years ago, the city court of st. petersburg recognized the blockade as a crime against humanity, the evidence was

the results of the work of search engines, testimonies of the blockade survivors themselves, at the same time the updated data of 1.93.00 dead was published, a memorial was opened in memory of the victims of the nazi genocide in the village of zaitsevo. piercing faces none of them are fictitious; all 150 figures are created based on the stories of real people and photographs. here is a two-year-old child, his...

just as his crimes of hitler’s savages and their accomplices, those who coldly planned and cruelly committed the genocide of the soviet people, do not have any significance. these crimes were not committed on the battlefields, the mass murders of unarmed, defenseless old people, women, children, disabled people, were well-thought-out systemic punitive...

ghettos, prisons, in germany, in the occupied lands of austria, holland, czechoslovakia, poland, soviet union. there was also a death camp here. in gatchina, and nearby there was a camp where they kept children, very small babies, from whom the nazis literally pumped out blood for their soldiers, and of course, the blockade of leningrad, the decision of the nazis to exterminate the entire city, was unprecedented in the scale of cruelty and cynicism, for them, for everyone the memorial we are opening is dedicated to the peaceful... us of the soviet union, whose lives were taken by the moloch of the nazi genocide.