at a critical moment she notices that her husband’s back has completely new holes that appeared after a business trip to spain. it is clear that, uh, the episode seems like a rare overkill. eh, it’s clear that at the moment of return, the husband and wife were loving each other to the fullest, and it’s strange that she didn’t feel the new holes in her husband’s back, but that’s all. after all , our sentimental people forgive the creators of the picture this logical assumption, let’s look at the fragment: why can’t you at least once in your life bang your fist and demand something, not to mention to myself, thinking about my son, i will not allow him to be disrupted in the middle of the school year, he is already changing the sixth school, how can you then scold him for failures, and i am also a person?

man, you understand, i need to finally finish college, if you can’t take us into account , please, in the end, we are already used to living alone, and when we go, alyosha, it is extremely significant that the new hole in the back of trofimov’s hero is completely not fake, these are real... holes by the artist georgy aleksandrovich yumatov, who fought from the age of 14 yungai torpedo boat, at the age of 17 he was already a helmsman, in the year forty-three or forty-four he received a line with mr. shmita right across his back, the fact that in the picture you can see serious potholes in the back - these are real holes in the artist’s skin and not an imitation at all, so ...

we can honestly say what the fragments above your head are and what it is like the yellow leaf of a soldier’s life flies silently and weightlessly from the birches , all the characters in the film knew, and yumatov, the screenwriter, paratrooper vasiliev, and the film’s artist mikhail fishgoit, holder of two orders of glory for reconnaissance exits, playing the episodic role of a military paramedic, evgeniy yakovevich, messenger, fire commander. artillery platoon and people, including, by the way, vladimir rogovoy himself, who went to the front as volunteers, a huge number of other less significant ones, but really lucky, they sent him not to the front line, but to organize the amateur activities of the rifle division, but due to the fact that the division first defended leningrad, and then held the germans on the approaches to stalingrad, he actually has medals for leningrad and stalingrad too, was in the picture. and further

one episode, which was associated with great difficulties and problems, in 1935 japan attacked the chinese, there is a moment in the film where the command decided to help the chinese comrades, and comrade trofimov crosses the front line, where they meet their old friend, made up as a sub-chinese, for many years , if not decades , the film-officers... at least during television showings came with this very scene cut out. the fact is that the chinese comrades, who at that time ceased to be our comrades precisely since sixty ninth year since the conflict on damansky, and they were very harsh about all the stories about how we helped them, obviously completely , the juche ideas put forward by the great leader of korea and comrade kimersen, which were based

on relying only on their own strengths and a complete refusal to help , whatever neighbors, comrades, allies, these ideas clearly appealed to the comrades in china, and the chinese embassy made utter demarches every time on the occasion of showing this film in full, this film was withdrawn from the officers episode, from the film volunteers cut out an episode - where is dad, and dad and uncle slava went to fight with the samurai, it is clear where they went to fight with the samurai, from the film russian field, a tiny episode of the death of the main character nona mordyukova, a tank driver on the damansky peninsula, was constantly cut out in battles with the chinese, finally, the picture of the state of emergency, the most popular ukrainian film in its entire history. personally, when i

was a schoolboy, i looked for it at some bootleg showings of a repeat film in the cinema; it wasn’t shown on tv for a long time. 30 years categorically, now we will see the episode that flew in from the film officers, there is, commander, goodbye, the decision was made to help the chinese comrade, good, this is very good, hello. hello!

egorka is finishing fifth grade, can you imagine? this means a son, and lyubasha is studying in medical school at the institute, 他說他有家, 他的兒子也快念完五年了,他的愛人刘巴學習, you are interested in how their health, world health,

found out, old devil , found out. officership was the most dynastic, most hereditary profession of both the russian empire and the soviet union. it is in this context that the main words of the picture sound, which the nation repeats every february 23rd. komesk. practically nameless, he has no last name, but he says: imagine, we were proud of our profession, and my father was proud, and my grandfather was proud, what kind of profession is defending the homeland, and there is such a profession, platoon leader, and this phrase appears on billboards

in all in the central cities of the country on army and navy day, we watch a fragment, but imagine, all my life i was proud of my work, my father was proud of me, and my grandfather, but others we were proud of wealth or nobility, and we were proud of our profession. what kind of profession is this? defend your homeland? there is such a profession. i am very familiar with all this. grandfather in the twenties commanded a cavalry squadron, then he was transferred, like all cavalrymen, to tanks, after the war he commanded a tank division in germany, so all these moves and... what concerns new holes in the back, in our case in the leg, my family knows very well. that's all, guard junior sergeant gorelov finished shooting. it was a podcast burn with fire and i, its host deniz gorelov, with the history of war cinema of the soviet union and its

successor russia. until new meetings, until new broadcasts! hello, this is a podcast of witnesses from einstein, and its leading film historians, natalia ryabchikova and stanislav didinsky. we talk about who created and how they watched cult, famous, little-known, forgotten soviet films. this is a school for moviegoers, where we reveal the secrets of film archives and tell you why you should watch soviet films now.

from below, including among filmmakers, the idea arises of creating, well, in general, an economically, expediently justified film product, which... after thinking, they decide that they need to shoot short films as quickly as possible and release them on the screen as soon as possible, so that, well , in addition to newsreels, which are so endless ... how preparations for the front are going, and today we will also talk about this separately about front-line cameramen, this is a separate

interesting topic that continues to be researched in our time, we don’t know everything about the draft biography, but then in june forty the first year - a decision was made , at the initiative of the kemetographers, to shoot so-called combat film collections, collections of short films, which will consist of small plots, 10-15 minutes there, and some kind of story. well, an accessible, simple- language story about what is happening in the rear at the front. let's look at fragments from combat film collection number 9, which clearly shows how it happened. wait, who are you? i'm pole, oh, hey, the tracks go to block number 14, the search is fruitless. unhook the block, tell me that if through hour. the criminal will not be extradited, then every tenth and so on, thank you for everything,

goodbye, goodbye, yada, one minute, don’t worry, i’ll just show him how to get through the entrance yard, let’s go, in fact, there were military film collections not the first war films to appear on the screen, because before they all started collecting them into full-length films, these same collections, there was... one short film, which was incredibly important, came out already in july of forty -one, chipaev with us, this is an example of like cinema, well, like a certain phenomenon in our life, it takes popular heroes, in particular here they took chipaev, chipaev in the film of the early thirties, as we know, died at the end of the film, but he died in such a way that it was not clear, because that he swam in and didn’t swim out, but here we are told unequivocally that chipaev is alive. and chupaev is with us, bullshit, you won’t take it

, it seems to me that thanks to this short film, the canons of socialist realism on the soviet screen are being broken, because

we see truly mass cinema, well, which seems to have two universes, two multiverses collide or merge into one, why did they take chipaya, why could this be done, it’s a little like in the series sherlock, sherlock dies and then returns. we don't know much about how audiences actually watched movies in the thirties, but we do know that boys ran to see chipayev. dozens of times , because there was a rumor that somewhere in one of the cinemas chipaev still floated out, this desire, yes, for him to float out, it comes true after 7 years, and it’s good that boris babochkin returns as chipaev, and the director is different, the director here is vladimir petrov, who made peter the great, and the first film was made by the vasilyev brothers; favorite characters from the thirties, for example maxim, appear in action film collections in the same way.

czechoslovakia, poland, where there is also an anti-fascist struggle, the underground is like in this film collection, there are stories that happen at our front, but everything is a lot with one. the poster style is simplified, it begins to dominate the screen, and there are no palutons here anymore, everything is here quite clearly, transparently, others are built into this, there are our good enemies, there are bad enemies, there are no more gray areas for you, well, at least in the first years in forty -one, forty-two, then it begins to be perceived a little differently, but what else is on the screens, so you woke up

on the morning of june 23 and looked at what was playing in the cinemas, the film alexander immediately returned to the screens not... not an enemy, but some kind of ally. the film is being removed from the screens, esenstein is making an opera at the bolshoi theater based on wagner, but in june forty the first film instantly returns to the screens and gets a real second life, because this image of nevsky, and especially the ending of the film, turns out to be incredibly consonant. go tell everyone in foreign lands

that russia is alive. “let them come to visit us without fear, but if anyone comes to us with a sword, he will die from the sword, the russian land stands and will stand on it. it’s interesting that when ezenstein took on this film in the thirties, there was practically nothing about nevsky it is known that when the order of alexander nevsky was introduced during the war, the image on...

the film was sent by plane to moscow, the negative , the plane was shot down, they had to take a positive, a positive copy, yes, make a so-called countertype from it, that is, the second negative from this negative is already making new copies, that is, the film could have been lost altogether, so in fact, many leningrad films were lost, those that were shot in

the twenties, because after the evacuation of the partial alenfilm some things were buried, for example, yes, well, so that incendiary bombs would not fall, because it needs to be recalled that in this time the film is still extremely it’s flammable, and if a spark gets there, it might just burn out, so in moscow they buried films in the yard in a boom, it’s believed that they buried a runaway onion and didn’t dig it up, well, that’s a legend, about the same as the films that were buried by the pre-revolutionary film industrialists, film entrepreneurs, producers, yes, before leaving to emigrate, they also buried them in their yard. studio, and then, when they got these films, it turned out that they had all rotted, on defender of the fatherland day, the group was in position, ready to move, the weapons were checked, until the foot of the infantryman did not set foot on enemy territory, it is considered not our strong point, not our land, it was decided that we needed to go behind enemy lines,

gain a foothold, take up defense, reception , we captured the opornik, cleared it, with tanks you ... a machine gun on 11 on february 17, 2024 , the settlement of avgeenka was liberated by attack aircraft. premiere. special report. stormtroopers, tomorrow on the first one, a goal concert of the all-russian musical and patriotic festival, we don’t abandon our own, premiere, tomorrow

on the first one, listen, tarantina, good to shoot, look for the congress of sortana, the map is in the bartak, sasha , like sasha, what, like sasha, she’s with you, artyom, scarlet, on that corner, we’re holding the stairs. what do you see in front of you? i see a fight, a strong fight. these are my guys, akha. correct us, we are going to pull them out. 20:22. premiere. tomorrow after the program time. let me remind you that this is a podcast of witnesses from einstein, where we, film historians natalya ryabchikova and stanislav didinsky, talk about who and how created and watched classic, famous, little-known,

forgotten soviet films. besides people who were engaged in feature films, there were people who made newsreels, in fact, who were filmed by front-line cameramen, and then it was collected into film magazines, which were shown before each show, in fact, here is your news, they were in your cinema in the same way. always a feature film session was preceded by the release of some kind of documentary film with a story about the events of the last days, the last month, but here in this case the main news of course for us is only the event at the front of this funny

and let’s say that a lot of cameramen who have not yet completed the course in ghika go to the front precisely as cameramen, and not everything that they film

is then immediately shown, yes, sometimes it’s a chronicle, sometimes it’s collected into longer full-length documentaries, which at the same time, german troops began to leave near moscow, this is, of course, a later work, but based precisely on the work of the operators for... using these records, they reconstructed how many people made these records, it turned out that there were more than 300 operators, plus hundreds more people who were part of the front-line groups

, that is, there were directors, not only cameramen, sound engineers, but there was also sound filming, and we still really don’t know exactly how many of them there were, let’s look at an example of the work of front-line cameramen. svezars and teachers, artists and steel workers, join the extermination squads, the work battalions.

this film, the defeat of the nazi troops near moscow, was personally controlled by stalin; in the thirties he was the main viewer of soviet cinema, almost everything that was made in soviet studios, he looked through, edited scripts, changed titles, removed directors, and so on, and this film, despite the fact that... and he really edited this film, for example , he removed this voice-over text that was too verbose, even here it was noticeable that we heard the bravura music and watched and actually saw these shots more than they told us anything, and this, of course , was one of the reasons why this film was so successful, so popular, it was sold to

america and shown there .

that this was possible, this is actually some kind of incredible feat, well, i must say that this is part of a very big story called film evacuation, yes, because all the major film studios of the country, which are located in its western part, are evacuated, well, central asia to the caucasus, first of all mosfilm , which is directed to central asia by volmat , linfilm is not so lucky, the trains in which the equipment was loaded remain in besieged leningrad,

in fact, they will remain there until the end of the war, practically, yes, some things are gradually beginning by plane transfer, but during this first blockade winter the trains remained, they loaded everything, they loaded everything at a frantic pace in the summer, yes, but the ring closed too quickly, the classics of leningrad cinema were already transported to the mainland by plane, i understand correctly that the real story of this central film studio , which is being formed in almaat , in general, it’s still not written like that, and the main thing that we know today about...

at this moment he needs to consult with his superiors, the authorities are far away, at this moment england is important to us now, we need this show it on the screen, and they say , show it, but not very much, and even unique footage has been preserved where mihaly cherem plays the role of the queen of england, and this is very funny in itself, and mikhail rom auditioned for roles from the english one, very similar to the famous ones portraits, unfortunately, we only have samples, included in the first series of ivan the terrible. a piece where the formidable one sends his ambassador to england to his sister, which means dear elizabeth. you will bring them as a gift

to our sweet sister, elisaveta of aglitskaya, and on these images. like her ships the agliaks, bypassing the baltic sea , sail the white sea to us, outwitting the germans, the livonians, here it is clear that these are not just historical details, although we know that the historical ivan corresponded with the historical... elizabeth, but here there is a clear reference to modernity, and these references can be found in wartime films completely unexpectedly, and let’s say the film koschey the immortal comes out, well, it seems like a fairy tale, yes, but koschey, played by our

beloved woman ega, georgy milyar, he is such a skeleton, who is also somehow warlike , y he has some kind of hat, some kind of iron helmet, which... makes him into some kind of knight of the levon order, and by analogy it turns out that he is also some kind of hitler, these are the references, they appear consciously, unconsciously, because everyone is very interested in what the viewer needs, and as one of the contemporary film historians, valery famin, writes, in the very first days of the war, the first thing that went down the drain was the secret plans that were...

20 years later, when they didn’t do that then, then later torkovsky will film andrei rublev, in soviet cinema, as if to return again to this aesthetics of cruelty, yes, ivanovo’s childhood, but then it was absolutely. a challenge , i think, that mark donskoy deliberately made in order to hook soviet viewers, and it is no coincidence that when this film was seen in italy, it is believed, as the legend says, that it largely influenced the formation of italian neorealism, and the movement in italian cinema

that arose the last year, in fact, the second world war, and uh, which then influenced absolutely the entire world cinema, yes, when the film is not filmed in a pavilion. and somewhere on location, when we see real life on the screen, because it is no longer possible to recreate life in the pavilion, we see destroyed cities, ruins, we see, not even actors very often anymore, but simply models or, well, extras, as it were who actually play themselves, all this also partly comes from donskoy’s rainbow, although of course donskoy’s actors were played mostly by actors, well, except for children, and we know, let’s say one of these, as a matter of fact in neoralism films did children play themselves? one of the girls who appears on the screen in a rainbow, grew up, became a costume designer and continues to work as the curator of the costume fund of the cinema museum, emralaya, a wonderful witness of the era, a wonderful storyteller, absolutely amazing, we

have a fragment from the rainbow, the very finale, let them wait their fate, let them drink it to the end, to the last drop, oh, women, which of them will die now, the big win... will win, no, no, no, let them wait first for their women to have their own children, renounced them. let them say: no, these were not our fathers, let them answer then to the judgment of the people for our sunburn and torment, let the anger of the people fall on their heads, and their land will not accept the damned.

yes, it is quite difficult to show the rainbow on the screen using black and white cinema, and yet it worked. let me remind you that this is isenstein's witness podcast, where we talk about why and how to watch obscure and famous films. what did the viewer want to watch? what is the viewer? fell in love immediately forever, someone still succeeded to make such films, including at the central united film studio, and these were films that were somehow related to the war, sometimes it was about those who are waiting, for example, for their husbands from the front, as in the film wait for me, just simonov's script, based on simonov's poem, wait for me, or like in the film there are two fighters, there is no poster here anymore. which was in military film collections, but there is just a very

subtle, very calm acting, directing, in some places, for example, in the film there are two fighters, when soviet troops appear, even then, colleagues still wrote in the newspapers that somehow ours appeared and the germans immediately all fell there in stacks, well, a little naive, it’s clear that you want to raise morale, yes, well, even your colleagues see that no, but when they appear the scenes are more intimate... yes, yes, and how exactly they hold on to this friendship, and they have such a fighting

partnership, and of course, everyone immediately remembered this film for its songs, nikita bogoslovsky wrote two masterpieces, in general soviet - film music, pop songs, these are scows of a full mullet and a dark night, and it so happened that the song dark night might not have existed at all, there in this... dugout in this dugout, which flows there right almost on the screen, it’s raining, and at night it’s very quiet, mark bernes, playing arkady with a guitar, hums this song, and as we know from memories, from the work of historians , there was supposed to be a scene with writing and reading letters, leonid lukov, the director didn’t succeed in it, well, something didn’t work out, then they suddenly thought, maybe song, right there the theological... made a lodia, then vladimir agapov wrote the text, this dark night,

and you are sleeping with your favorite knowledge, they almost raised bernes at night, and he sang, dark night, only bullets whistle across the steppe, only the wind hums in the wires, the stars twinkle dimly. on a dark night, you are loved, i know you don’t sleep by your child’s bed in secret, you wipe away a tear . the most offensive thing about this film is that before its release , nikita bogoslovsky gave the text and music. he managed to record utesov's version, first everyone

heard utesov's version, nevertheless bernes's version still won, despite the fact that some thought that well, it’s somehow petty, a little vulgar , especially the scows of full mullet, yes, this is such a fine line that everyone tried to stay on, what are we filming about, how serious is it, how much does it help the front, is it possible to make comedies for the front, yes , roughly speaking, is it necessary there and... here, this wonderful one, who was one of the creators of maxim, this trilogy about maxim in the thirties, is making a film in almotezh called an actress, an operetta artist. who goes to the rear, works there in the theater, but lives with a woman who always says: my son is fighting there, and you sing songs here, and the actress leaves the theater, goes to work as a nurse in a hospital, and well , naturally, there she meets this military son of this very woman, she doesn’t know herself first of all, what is it, let

’s see, let’s see, yes, what do you think the leopard should go to the artillery, so what, will you sing for it, sing? we will be after the war, this is great, you know what i advise you, go to any theater and in the evening before the start announce that the performance is postponed until the end of the war, because agati lukinishna and i think that it’s not the right time to splash five now, so we’ll see what the public will do to you then, especially the military, but why talk to you when you don’t understand a damn thing about art? i don’t understand anything, but i, that you don’t understand anything, i just want to say that... he says, but you are very much in art, you know, i don’t, i don’t understand, i don’t understand, but i love art, that is, here the military themselves seem to be telling us: no, we need your art, again, it’s quite a shame that when the film came out, it seemed all so correct, as and how it should be, they were scolded in the newspapers, we

finally get to the important main topic of our podcast, this is a film that was created in besieged leningrad, nathan’s film or notes. lyuboshitsa, about whom we know from memoirs that are still in the museum of cinema and theater in lithuania. this has not yet been published, but we looked at these memoirs, leafed through them, now we can tell you something, but the main problem is that the film is still lying around, its only the copy in the state fund is not digitized and it is impossible to view it anywhere on the internet. it’s clear that the chronicle is being filmed in laggy leningrad, of course, the cameramen remain there, the film remains there, and we know that the film there once was a girl, which was released later. the end of the siege was partially filmed before the complete siege was lifted, it was very important for director vladimir esemont to show exactly the footage of this very semi-siege of leningrad.

and there lived a girl, she has been filming for 43 years, and what is happening in leningrad in 41-42, and there was just a recent student of sergei zenshtein, who arrived literally in the summer of forty-one from minsk, ended up in

leningrad and in the fall of forty-one he read in the newspaper a note about how the girls sent mittens to the front and they went to film in a laduga with the real ones , that’s just in november, the road to life opened up to sailors and actors from leningrad , this film was generally positive , everyone watched it in leningrad. they spread it there and started showing it, that is, it’s not so short a meter, an average meter, an incomplete meter, and it ’s just like that, not planned, not allowed, not prohibited, it remained like that, of course, it was incredibly difficult to shoot it, lyubošitz recalls that one of...