well, to answer this question, you need to know for sure what they actually wanted in the film union of salvation, the main characters of the uprising, kryleev, pestel, murovyov apostol, trubetskoy, discuss this , let’s remember how it was in the film, it will be like in france, although for me it’s better in general, like in the american states, in france aristocrats were hanged from lanterns, if like in france, then for everyone present here. hang, well, well, prince, so in russia the aristocrats need to make the revolution short without much bloodshed, but still, a revolution, mr. rayleigh, a military revolution, and you in the south have turned into real yacabins in half an hour, were going to save russia, and now you want a revolution, so this is salvation, cut down the top to take power with one blow, for

luck. union of salvation, gentlemen. here, in general, in brief, is the decembrist program, how would you evaluate it? uh, they, in fact, in young ranks, walked through the battlefields and reached paris, which we saw in the first frames of the film. and, you see, for example, matvey ivanovich muravyov is an apostle, brother. to the hero of this film sergei, he said, my god, how i warmed to our soldiers, who the soldiers are, these are serfs, dressed in gray soldiers' chenels, they had to serve until they were 25 years old, so of course they wanted to, seeing just the soul of a man from the people , they wanted, in general, the prosperity of the whole country and... these soldiers included, and of course,

when they arrived and remember also such a wonderful quote from yakushkin, when in the summer of 1814 the army marched solemnly through the nara gates and of course led this army, alexander ii, and yakushkin writes: “my god, how we admired him, suddenly across the square.” some man was running and alexander, who was holding a saber in his hands, swung at him, and of course, this man was immediately taken to the sword, says yakushkin, he says, this was also the first disappointment, it was clear to him personally in the emperor who and what to save when on february 9, 186 they organized a union of salvation, by the way, in a year it will be called the society -

faithful and true sons of the fatherland, in fact, they are to the end, well, i don’t know, and remained so, yes, somewhere there was a lot of romanticism, but you need to keep in mind that 55 people out of 121 convicted, they were born in the first dash of the sixth year, the same ippolit, who shot himself, yes - the third younger brother, he was in 1806, well , a nineteen-year-old boy who didn’t... didn’t smell gunpowder , suddenly found himself in such a serious situation, yes, well, this happens to boys , unfortunately, the revolution of the seventeenth year was also made by precisely such boys, by the way, soon 210 years since then moment when russian troops entered paris, it was at the end of march 1814, the key question was, again

, everyone agreed that... it’s clear that they were military, well , listen, they first encountered the reality of rural life, when some transferred after the semyonov story as an ant apostle to the rural garrison army spiders. bestuzhev ryumin, well, here ’s a young man who undertook to judge the fate of russia in general, he didn’t know russian well, when he was sitting in the petropal fortress, he asked to be given testimony in french language, he could give because he was refused, once again indignation, listen, you took on such things, you didn’t even bother to learn the language of the country in which you live, so there was a lot of romanticism, idyllic moments, the more experienced of them there was, of course, turgenev, but he was one of many, so of course, maybe...

rayleev, rayleev, yes, he was an employee of a russian-american company, one of his main plans was not to kill the royal dynasty, but to imprison ship and send russian possessions to america, that is, to alaska or to california. how do you like kondrat fedorovich, as the head of affairs of a russian american company? well , humble, thank you, mikhal, well, for a couple of years now it’s been a signal for... everyone, a person with such convictions rules a company where the shareholders, the whole deep family, this means something , what exactly, impending changes, that’s what, all these

people don't understand what happened here today. that the ship he was going to be sent to crashes during a flood in st. petersburg. muravyov's constitution and pestel's russian truth. uh, this there were the main ideological pillars there, uh, in history textbooks, in soviet

times, now they are certainly present too. the authors of the, uh, constitution were nikita muravyov, one of the main ideologists. his father was a writer, a publicist, he... took part in a campaign abroad and now, well, let's look at fragments from his constitution, what he actually wanted. the experience of all peoples of all times has proven that autocratic power is equally disastrous for rulers and for societies, that it does not agree either with the rules of our holy faith or with the principles common sense. well, as for pestali’s russian truth, it was much more radical. muravyov, in any case , advocated a constitutional one. what pestel stood for is actually very difficult for me to say , because at one time, having read russian truth, i still didn’t understand what he wanted, but something even more dictatorial, in my opinion, for a much tougher dictatorship , than existed in the russian empire, well , in fact, his plan largely

boiled down to what he told about during interrogation, that’s what he said, everyone said that the revolution cannot begin during the life of emperor alexander pavlovich and... that it is necessary either to wait for his death, or he decides to speed it up, as soon as the forces and circumstances of society demand it, with which everyone truly agreed, well, that is, in fact, regicide, this is pestel’s main program, this is how much these programs really met the then interests of the development of russia as a state, and whether it was even possible to implement them, well , it’s very difficult to talk about this, again i’ll return to the fact that...

reforms based on the inviolability of the principle of private property and compensation for loss of land, with a state budget in which the internal debt is equal to 2.31. from the income of the empire in 1815, the most that they could do in the eighteenth year was to confiscate 38 million rubles of banknotes and destroy them with 800 million banknotes that were in use. i would also like to remind you that the external debt of the empire, 101,100 dutch chervonets, we called them labanians, yes, was finally repaid with interest, do you remember when? 1891, this is the state of finances, with in such a financial crisis, creating

an administrative, fiscal police vacuum, all these seemingly spaces occupied by the power of the landowner, was at least dangerous. what the most radical pestel proposed was article 12 of his russian truth, yes, i remind you that on the one hand he proposed ... the liquidation of the nobility as an estate, on the other hand he proposed that when abolishing serfdom, the interests of the entire nobility should not be infringed in any way, while it is necessary it was pestal to make sure that the christians, their situation would not worsen, as it was possible, of course, they heroes, of course, this is all wonderful , of course, it would be nice to establish the same, pleasant sameness everywhere, but how this could be done was lost here... there was an answer: it was necessary to create a fifty-thousand-strong gendarme corps, which in no case

should to prevent any unrest, by the way, the gendarmes were supposed to receive three times more salaries than the regular army. the question, by the way, is also very correct, very good. i would like to remind you that the maximum strength of the gendarme corps under emperor nicholas i was slightly more than 500, and ermolov then said that now everyone has either blue...

power under my leadership and it will certainly be fair and there must be a great power,

that is, in general, some kind of fantastic tangle of this idea and how the director was really supposed to show i’m ready to polemicize this about every statement, but that’s not the point, the whole point is that i’ll say it, as it were, just so that i repeat, well, i’ve accumulated too much for everything you say, i have a huge number of counters.

you can rely on the fact that you don’t have to make barbs and jokes about, say, volkonsky, yes, precisely the understanding that these people are what he should be doing, yes, and not running an empire, and if he, if there was some kind of communication, a lot, i ’m not saying everything, could have been different, and alexander’s dreams of changing russia would have become a reality, but he didn’t believe in them, he didn’t see them. and in return they did not see and did not believe him, our story is the story that from the other side there were people not just good, and unusually talented people , people who wanted the good of their country, who loved their country, and they did not find each other, our artistic picture, if you remember, ended with such an idealistic

plan and such a final plan, when they still sing together.

there were people at all times who were dissatisfied, at the moment these were people who really aspired to power and did not know how to approach it, these are the thrones of heritage, alexander i died in taganrog. the guard throughout the 18th century got used to resolve the issue of succession to the throne. and many in the guard decided that now they would solve this issue, because... they see after the advertisement, the first most populous country, the third economy on the planet with a good prospect of becoming the second, pushing aside

the united states, this is india, one of the civilizations that determined development of humanity, the main... the engine of the indian economy now is information technology. india exports its software products to more than 90 countries. this is a country of paradox. one day we land on the moon, and the next day people fight in the street over some trifle. now about 2,000 films are shot a year in bollywood, this is an absolute record. hindus and russians are brother and brother. we helped india create the most modern system. india on tuesday on the first, i will reign or

perish, a foreigner who had no legal right to the throne, accompanied by the eagles, arrived at the barracks. izmailovsky regiment, where she was declared an autocratic empress. during the 34 years of her reign, catherine gained the glory of a wise, fair ruler. she radically changed the country; like peter the great, she received the epithet “great”. she fought victorious wars and annexed new lands to the empire, and wrote laws. and carried out reforms, he is 34, she is 10 years older, soon the people will not start talking about him as the most influential person in russia, but even... relying on male help, the empress always reserved the final decisions for herself. empire of catherine ii. premiere,

march 8, on the first. potemkin was preparing the main surprise for the woman he loved. with a glance sevastopol harbor appeared to those present. i'll lead you. for the capital, for the truth , for constantine, a big story is on the air, decembrists, heroes or traitors, legacy of thrones is always a dangerous moment in russian history, who will be the next emperor, in the 14th century this was decided by the guard, when alexander i died in taganrog. the second eldest was his brother konstantin pavlovich, he divorced his wife a long time ago, in fact since 1801, and formally since

1820 and lived in a margonatic marriage with countess ioanna gruzinskaya, who after after her official marriage with constantine , she received the title of princess from alexander i. according to russian law, children, the newly-born princess lovich. he did not claim the throne. in the summer of 1823, at the direction of the emperor, metropolitan philoret of moscow and favorite of alexander i, alexander nikolaevich galitsin, drew up a manifesto on the abdication of constantine and the appointment of nikolai pavlych as heir. sealed original. "keep in the assumption cathedral with

state acts until my demand; in the event of my death, open to the moscow bishop and the moscow governor-general in an emergency meeting, four people knew the contents of the manifesto for certain. rokcheev, galitsin and filoret. neither konstantin, nor even nikolai palych, it seems, were among the initiates. only once in the summer of 1819, at a camp meeting in krasnoye selo , alexander i hinted that nikolai pavlovich would eventually have a great burden, since the emperor looked at him as his heir. but here the guard spoke, accustomed for a century to decide who should be emperor. war hero with napoleon mikhail andreevich miloradovich, this is well shown in the film union of salvation, konstantin pavlovich will not come, and he is not

a sovereign, nikolai pavlovich, do not rush to break the oath you have given. there is a conspiracy in the country, a conspiracy against the foundations of the state, a conspiracy to kill the reigning family, my mother, my children, my wife, order. wait. indeed, one of the dramatic episodes. in general, what was it really, an uprising or a conspiracy, as it

was in the 18th century? a very difficult situation, alexander and konstantin actually made it themselves created because for 24 years constantine was officially considered the heir to the tsarevich and bore such a title. this means everyone, at every, every service. all this was repeated, the oath was sworn to the emperor, the heir to the tsesarvich, and for a quarter of a century, in fact, this is enough for people to get used to alexander, and he was, in general, he had a sonless son, somehow strange in general, you know , he had children, but somehow they survived only outside of official marriage, yes, and so, and not all of them, and of course, of this kind document. it was necessary to make it public earlier in 1800 bc, grand duke nicholas married princess charlotte of prussia,

already in april... the ability to do completely wild things, the reason for one of which was that his first wife simply ran away from him, and from him and from russia, yes, but he doesn’t care.

in general, those decembrists who created the union of salvation society back in 1816, yes, 9 full years have passed, and many have already gotten married, moved away from society, the same lunin, for example, was under the auspices of the power of constantine himself, because he served there, and many moved away, many became bored, even pestel already wanted,

in general... to leave this society, completely different people came to the square, they were inspired by new ideas, their youth, the same adoevsky , how wonderfully we will die, all these would have been words again, but the reality was , in general, the harsh one they found themselves in, konstantin pavlovich renounced, officially, his letter of renunciation was sent, on the 12th it arrived, without feeling in himself nor those talents.

prince, you should lead the revolution, you our dictator, in the morning i will go to the palace , shoot nicholas, you gentlemen, as i see it, it’s too deliberate to be heroic, prince, if i go out into the square, it will only be to enter into negotiations to force nicholas to transfer power to the senate, only he has the right decide the fate of the tsar, he will accept...

the relationship between power and society, and we feel these events to this day, because again, this is the same case, as you know with pasternak , you yourself cannot distinguish defeat from victory, here they are defeat turned out to be their victory, because knowing their programs, their experience, management capabilities, we should not be under the illusion that if they were successful, all this led to huge catastrophic consequences, there can be no doubt about it, but their defeat gave rise to... ... this legend, this is how beautifully we will die, but in this situation, and this legend led to the fact that the government itself, having experienced this critical moment, completely

turned away from all attempts at, by and large , reforms, because alexander i is in the family was considered an angel, yes, he was considered so liberal, although it was more of an external manifestation than an internal one, especially in recent years...

they didn’t like her too much, they, by and large, did not change the oath they took, so they are heroes , that’s why they are bright , bright and good people whom we remember, for almost 200 years now, they killed not only miloradovich, they killed dozens of senior officers who prevented them from going to the square, they could have killed nikolai pavlovich if there had been an order, they would kill

he knew about the conspiracy, on december 13 , he ordered in writing the chief of the main headquarters, ivan ivanovich dibevich, to take measures against the army conspirators, named some names and added, i will send you the day after tomorrow, if i’m alive, i don’t know who yet, with a notification of how it all went down , here it is still incomprehensibly quiet here, but silence often foreshadows a storm, it was decided to publish a manifesto indicating the will of alexander i and the provisions of constantine’s letter of abdication.

nikolai asked mikhail mikhailovich spiransky to draw up a document on december 13, members of the state the council was summoned at 8:00 pm, an act was drawn up, at the beginning of which nikolai palovich was called the grand duke, at the end the emperor. the state council swore allegiance to emperor nicholas i. now it was the guard's turn. and now it was. december 14, so, what happened on senate square and who were the decembrists, heroes or traitors, we will continue in the next program.

in the eighth grade i wrote essays, i want to decorate this world. my biggest dream is, of course, to see our entire country, i personally recommend trying the jellyfish in in its own juice, a really tasty thing. we have a dream, to definitely visit the sea, and we are trying to go there, but we just can’t do it. oh sea, sea. you will give the surf to the faithful rocks for a short time, we need to preserve family values, because this is the foundation on which we must build our joint happy future, and we promise that we will move mountains, that we will move as one big family towards the bright future of our city, moscow region throughout russia.

today we are talking, probably, one of my favorite topics, with the theme of decembrism, with books about decembrism, my, one might say, almost professional interest in history began, thanks to these books i actually chose my profession. the topic of the decembrists is of course interesting, thanks to the huge mythology that is associated with the decembrists. i'll just give you an example. i will say that when i watch the film star of captivating happiness, i am simply amazed at how the authors managed to avoid a number of very interesting nuances. hello, you are watching a historical podcast, russia and the west on the swing of history. pyotr romanov and sergey are with you soloviev. today we will talk about the decembrist movement of the decembrists in the december uprising, the influence of this movement on the further history of russia. nicholas and

the white fluffy decembrists. in general, this does not really correspond to the story, as always, not everything is so black and white. moreover, it is interesting that this myth did not arise from soviet times, although it is clear that in soviet times, well , we all know these poems that... for the good of the motherland, so many even thought

that why were they executed, all they had to be sent, so to speak, to a madhouse, something like that, but quite quickly this myth was replaced by another, the historian anton kirsnovsky , for example, he wrote that the russian intelligentsia was to a great extent brought up on the cult of the five hanged men, but where there is a cult there are naturally myths, so there is a lot of mythology, in general in a decent intelligent society it was... somehow completely inadmissible to talk about what i don’t know, pestel speculated on soldiers’ trousers, the ant apostle kicked his commander . rayleigh discussed the need to exterminate the royal family, everything somehow went away in the background, they didn’t talk about it, in general, it was a closed topic; first of all , it is necessary to say about the domestic uniqueness of this phenomenon, because all the decembrists, even including the society of the united slavs, are

nobles. a unique situation, representatives of the ruling class, and if we are talking about northern and southern society, then this... was made into cult figures, mikhail nikolayevich pokrovsky’s explanation was simplified that they were representatives of the poor, which means that the noble aristocracy had achieved little, who just wanted improve your social status, but these are representatives of such merchant noble capitalism, which in general does not correspond to reality in any way, we need to find out why this

happened, why they needed to risk everything, that they already had open careers, opportunities, the rise of the decembrists is such this is the border zone. on the one hand, this is the last such classic palace coup between the kingdoms, soldiers used it in the dark, this somewhere echoes the classics, the era of palace coups, on the other hand, this the first such attempt after peter in general to reshape russia for the benefit of russia, because their goals were the most noble, and indeed none of them, unlike ... the previous participants in the coups, even thought that they would receive some kind of title , ranks, money, positions , none of this happened, they really risked their careers, their fate, so later , when the investigation was going on, in fact, the same people dealt with them, absolutely,

they sat in the same masonic lodges, they were at the same balls, they courted the same... ladies, they couldn’t lie, they considered it indecent to lie, inheritance, they really honestly said what they thought , what they planned, and so on, these were new people, the idea of ​​a military coup , this is an idea for the people, but without the people, yes, this is the idea of ​​​​colonel riego in spain, and the military revolution in naples, that is , this is what was happening in europe then, they have this saw everything, learned and of course. they are afraid of a new pugachevism, this is where it is very important, they like the nobles, they were brought up on this after pugachevo and the french revolution, russian aristocrats began to teach their children crafts at the end of the 18th century, for example, the famous general ermolov, who, by the way, was in one of the pre-december organizations, well, essentially masonic organizations, the order of russian knights ,

he was a brilliant bookbinder, why? because his father, knowing full well that later the french aristocrats scattered across europe and simply begged, including...

well, if not bloodlessness, then anemia, so to speak, the decembrian uprising, there is a big question about where these people came from, about the factors that formed it, that’s klyuchevsky’s. called the mood that was among the decembrists after their campaigns abroad as patriotic sorrow, so

they saw a world of serfdom, which russia saved from the napoleonic dictatorship, and what about in russia, in russia, arrakcheev, and with the arakcheev stick, who, well, really had sadian inclinations, what can i say , he did a lot of useful things for the russian artillery, over the peasants, in fact, we mocked the soldiers as best we could, including military settlements in russia. a monstrous idea for what, yes, to unite soldiers with peasants , build peasants according to the soldier’s rank at the same time, after which the peasants rebelled, and alexander himself at one time said that i would rather line the road from chudov dopskov, the first line of military settlements, with gallows, than abandon this ideas, arakcheev carried out the idea, but the initiator was alexander, budgetary savings cost russia a lot of money, the war with napoleon, it was necessary to save money, as a result, the military settlement would last until the crimean war, you understand, there is one more important point here, i would like to draw your attention to it...

debates about whether he is a freemason or just a friend of the freemasons, so to speak, in any case, the trip to st. petersburg, it is dedicated cossack mason, his closest friend, the same thing happened, this is the masonic influence to a large extent on the decembrists, then freethinking came under catherine, many of the fathers had already become freethinkers, but such abstract freethinkers, in general, in principle, they were here... freethinkers, which didn’t stop christian from flogging konyushi, no, that didn’t stop , that’s another thing, the inclusion of this freethinking, on

the one hand, freemasonry, appeared, unlike their fathers, freethinkers appeared, businessmen, you’re right, oh that they fought, saw there, they didn’t just see, they participated in the redistribution of europe, in the creation of a new europe, they were already businessmen, the idea arose, unlike their fathers, who could simply, so to speak, start chatting about freedom, about freedom, and then flog the christians, yes, these were already thinking that if they did something there, then they could change the state of things in their homeland, and that first of all to change, of course, the eyesore then serfdom, of course, which is obvious, accordingly in europe it does not mean a standard of living above them, in russia... which saved, again, yes, this is very important, russia saved europe, yes, the peasants saved russia, the peasants, whether in uniform or without uniform, saved russia, but here it is , we

actually have slavery, yes, well, this is some kind of historically quite correct identification, but then they thought exactly like that, well, that catherine then, as we remember, acted simply, abolished the word slavery, yes, she forbade calling serfdom slavery, but yes, there is no word, but the essence is, yes, and the first one. the union of salvation, then the filter through which people pass from the union of salvation, more abstract, also masonic, into a more secret society, similar to the secret society that sought to unite italy, for example, yes, the union of prosperity. we often forget about military society, but it was such a filter, yes, then, accordingly, after the dissolution of the union of prosperity, which the authorities learned about, this is the creation of a northern

society that continued the traditions of southern society, the december movement, on the one hand, some people are losing, because the future of ants, for example, who was later nicknamed the hangman, and during the suppression of criticism, yes during the suppression of the polish uprising of 1863, he was also a member of the decembrist societies and was close to the decembrist societies. indicative, yakushkin suggested to the peasants, as in europe, which means the land remains with landlord, you work on it, receive

payment, respectively, for the work or rent it, the rental price is low. the christians scratched their heads and said, no, father, it’s better to do it the old way, we are yours, and the land is ours, the russian peasant does not realize freedom without land, this will later come to an end during the abolition of serfdom. another example, ivan pushchin, pushkin’s friend, my first friend, my invaluable friend, also by his example, he having a career, he gives up this career and goes to become a judge, what is a judge at the beginning of the 19th century, this is ugh and grinding is a vile profession. this is, by definition, a corrupt official, a bribe-taker, a burnt-out , and so on, and he accordingly shows that justice can be the work of a nobleman, sets an example for others, in the editorship of the decembrist , plans arise for regicide, including, but also peculiar, yakushkin suggested what to do, yes imitate a duel, shoot the tsar, shoot yourself with two pistols, in this connection a theory arises, which the st. petersburg historian and writer yakov

gordin, he speaks of the decembrists as a rebellion of reformers, people. the end of the means, why pestel stopped leading southern society, because he was the first person who realized that well, he decided so, and that a revolution cannot be done with white gloves, what i mentioned, yes, he speculated, money from treasuries were allocated for sewing summer and winter trousers

, he used this money for revolutionary purposes, he, as ... later it turned out , the investigation, was collecting compromising information on the top commanders, again, not in order to blackmail them and extort some kind of then the money, at the time of the coup, so that they were either inactive or supported the rebels, the question was discussed whether to take money at all from the regimental treasury or not to take it for this matter, someone there, i don’t remember now, said, i’d rather sell all the dresses to my wife.

shoot, and nikolai just came out himself, they could have shot, so they said, they said, but not a single person was found. today we are dealing with the history of decembrism, this is a historical podcast, russia and the west on the swing of history. pester intended to throw himself at the feet of alexander i, present the whole plan and thereby pushing him to...

another officer is participating in a conspiracy to overthrow the emperor there and the resolution of alexander i on this document is to punish the one who informed, and to do nothing to this one. here i imagine nicholas i, reading this and being shocked. then nicholas i already came to the system of political investigation, because he understood that it was just there. here is what existed, does not work, alexander i, had reform plans at the beginning, we remember, the laharpe educator, the swiss educator, also the idea of ​​​​the abolition of serfdom, and so on further and then he departs from them, if we still talk about programs, here is the northern and southern society, the southern society of tulchin, yes, well, because the troops were stationed there, respectively, the northern society, of course,

st. petersburg, these are programs of the bourgeois revolution, in one case of southern society, which, by the way, adhered to. the northerners also have pestel’s more radical program: russian truth, the famous, abolition of serfdom, half the land to the peasants, but then in 1961, 1861 they didn’t do it, a unitary state. the united states of america and at the same time some kind of emperor remained, well, in general

, some rather exotic schemes sometimes arose, i think that the poet and publicist was right when he said that these were too early, too slow. russia was not very ready in the spring, it’s not just the fear that fell on russia there after the collapse, so to speak, of the uprising, but no, there, in general, a small group of people planned all this and dreamed about it, and so after the failure, so to speak, of this uprising, i don’t know, pushkin just wanted to collaborate with nicholas i. yes, he actually proposed, but at the same time he said, judging by the legend, yes, we understand that no one here followed the protocol, yes, that in the event of an uprising, if he had been in st. petersburg, he would have been on the same square, his famous

drawing, five hanged, yes, and the signature, and i could be funny, yes, even the most progressive, educated people, i’m not even talking about conservatives, like koramzin there, yes, but in principle... they rejected this idea, moreover, even the same herzon, who is an apologist in general, the decembrists, he wrote to alexander i about how noble they were, what he was talking about, that they could have taken power if they had been more decisive, but they remained standing on sinata square, waiting for society’s decision , society did not support them. and as he writes, their fate was decided, the key here, the key here is that nai hesitated for a long time, well, he hesitated, it is also known, yes, that we stood ours against ours, the same people

, we knew each other, they were, i say, we sat in the same masonic lodges, at the same balls, they were spinning around, that’s how they hesitated then, and then they started shooting, but nikolai decided to shoot. estimates are about 1,300 people, well , historians again argue about the number of dead, well, the dead soldiers, no, these are not mostly soldiers, onlookers who, as usual, came to watch, well, there are ranks standing there shouting, long live konstantin and his wife. constitution, the soldiers thought, well, yes, they were told, my god, konstantin was married to a bullet, and what is her name, my god, maybe the constitution, they didn’t really understand what a constitution was, the soldiers were used in

dark, but in general, in my opinion, i don’t know whether you agree with me or not, you know, in order to understand what this could lead to, it doesn’t provide more information... sinata square, although for obvious reasons there were people visiting it all eyes are on the capital , the capital, yes, but what was happening in the south, because there, in general, they tried to act, they even tried to refuse to play, as if frankly in the dark, because it’s a very interesting story with so on. ..

and the form was dressed, as it were, like the gospel and so on, but it included rousseau's ideas that all people are born equal, free, and so on and natural rights.

it turned out that the russian soldier , in this case, after all, yes, the disciplinary moment was gone, yes, on the one hand, on the other hand , they tried to establish discipline, but they did not maintain faith in the good tsar, this is very important to understand, it will persist for a long time until the 20th century. why couldn’t there be at least some minimum discipline? it all started with a completely ugly scene, but the southern uprising began a little later, so the order came arrest the ant brothers, but the regimental commander gebelgustav also detained the truthful apostle, but then a group of other officers

who were involved in these matters released muravyov and began beating this regimental commander, and not just beating him, with a bayonet, then there is a medical report that , how many wounds there were, what kind, in what places were inflicted, the same apostle ant, so to speak, inspired by the revolutionary events that had begun, jumped out and joined in, and this was all in front of the soldiers’ eyes, therefore...

yes, that they, of course, in fact, this was shown by their behavior, the investigation, who behaved harshly, the legacy, lunin, who simply despised those who interrogated him, because the police profession interrogating is a shame, lunin is a completely different story, and what - kryukov is the second from the society of the united slavs, who was silent, so he was law in shackles, according to the tsar ’s instructions, just like lunin, who, by the way, could escape, he was konstantin’s adjutant, a little bit, konstantin sent him to hunt for the german border in poland, run, but lonin refused to run.

went actually went in the end death, because in siberia there are still legends that he not only died at the katuya katarga, but that he was killed, but the legacy of many of them, including the apostle muravs, talked about their plans in hope again - so what if the tsar listens and carries out reforms, yes, in the end the screws are tightened, in the end some of the historians actually believe that the defeat of the decembrist uprising did not lead to the approach of reforms, on the contrary to conservation, i i don’t agree with this, i would say that nicholas was not going to reform anything in any case, and the most important thing for the decembrists was that there was someone to take it, after all, this is what alexander said, yes, there was no one to take it, well, that’s exactly what happened who to take , for that matter, yes, and there are few of them, from my point of view, it was still a historical false start, but inevitable, well, of course inevitable, because yes, you see, that’s when peter came, that’s there was a need.

peter appeared, thank god, there was already a need for reforms, but nikolai came, we don’t need smart people, but loyal subjects , but then, well, then he was a man who , well, he thought that he ordered the collection, we prepared a note, what the decembrists proposed there, he looked at it, he admired it , yes, nevertheless, you are right, he did nothing in this regard. well, secret committees for peasant affairs, which don’t even know each other’s existence, yes, yes, but in general he believed that russia didn’t need new shoes, they just needed to be patched up. a little bit, so he basically, and hardworkingly patched them up crimean war, because these patched shoes, they were, well, in normal times they were suitable, but when it was necessary to go on a campaign, it seemed that these actual shoes, so

to speak, were not suitable, they were falling apart before our eyes, i can’t help but quote the brilliant beginning of the death of vazir mukhtar, yuri nikolaevich tynyanov, whom we know as a philologist, but he is a genius. the writer, in my opinion, in my opinion, is no worse than bulgakov, but when he wrote on a very cold square in december 1825, people ceased to exist the twenties with their jumping gait, and i skip it, and benkendorf’s otzeya muteness became the sky of st. petersburg, benkendor in the third department, the situation really changed, well, it’s clear that tynyanov wrote this when the clouds of the stalinist dictatorship were gathering over russia, and a parallel was drawn, yes , of course, but among other things , russia. then in the crimean war those who were in hard labor, those who died, talented commanders, military leaders will be very necessary , and where are they, yes, there were very few of them at that time, of course, there were admirals, here are the land formally, as i already said , quantitatively, it seems to be an insignificant amount,

but the participation of 600 people involved, 121 convicted, yes, but if we talk not about quantity, but about quality, then yes, of course, the quality of the human material.

so, without nikolai palkin, who established autocratic power like this, alexander ii probably would not have been able to abolish serfdom either, because those who supported the abolition of serfdom were very few, as far as society, well, relatively speaking, the society of russia as a whole , that is, she was ready here are the reforms that were proposed. decembrists, i think she was not ready, perhaps she was not, but in any case this turning point should have been painful, because russia, from my point of view, later paid for the lag in the abolition of serfdom with three revolutions at the beginning of the 20th century. i agree that the decembrists were in that state...