how it later came out of this, again , so we nevertheless know that this tightening of the screws under nicholas i then led, alas, to the tragedy of the crimean war, which they were in could not have happened, with the help of some analogue of revolution from above, when they talked about the decembrists, they did not say this phrase, but they actually wanted to do just that, to seize the heights of power, yes, to carry out a revolution from above , a new revolution from above was needed later, which nevertheless turned out to be less radical, but still painful, well... historians, you know, as always, gather two historians, there will be three opinions, yes, no matter what you say, of course, at that moment russia was not ready, it is, that is, of course, a revolution, i don’t know, there the pestil would become rabesper and would execute the apostle muravyov or the ant apostle, so to speak, execute robespierre, so to speak, i don’t know,

it’s difficult to predict, and the name here is in general, so i gave it purely conditionally, because the revolution finds its hero in the crowd, just talented, and then these heroes, well as you know, as they say, so to speak, all directions of social thought were forced to determine their attitude towards decembrism and inevitably took into account this decembrist ethos. in fact, in general, lack of silver, according to which we must give up our own privileged position in order to , even at the cost of our lives, adoevsky exclaimed, who wrote a response to pushkin from siberia, yes, oh, how gloriously we will die the day before, that is, for the sake of so that people still live better is permissible and necessary self-sacrifice, and in general, people who, where i started, have everything, the means justify the end, not everything, but i think this will also be the case. we’ll still discuss,

today we tried to understand the phenomenon of decembrism, how much it influenced our history, a very controversial topic, we tried to the best of our ability, it was a historical podcast, russia and the west on the swing of history. pyotr romanov and sergei soloviov were with you. we were actually talking about people who were very few in number, but who, as our conversation today probably showed, were very greatly influenced and still continue to influence our history to a certain extent. study history with us, along with the historical podcast russia west on the swing of history. all episodes of the russia west podcast on the swing of history can be viewed on the website of the first channel 1tv.ru.

once i offered my students such a task, gave them a text and asked them to determine its main feature. some said that the text was too short and not informative, others , on the contrary, that it was too long, but they were all wrong. the main feature was that this text was not written by a person, but by a computer program. hello, today we gathered with thoughts about. artificial intelligence. harutyun ishkhanovich avetsyan, academician of the russian academy of sciences, director of the institute of system programming, proteraeus pavel velikanov, associate professor of the moscow theological academy, i am vladimir ligoida. you know, as a pre-question, a warm-up question, i want to ask you this. what would you call the main horror story about artificial intelligence today, which has nothing to do with reality? and what really with you?

is alarming, there are a lot of horror stories, but globally, my opinion is that it is very important that our society and we understand that we are still dealing with advanced it technologies, and not... artificial intelligence in the real sense of this words, horror stories mainly concern horror stories and films are made on this topic, mainly about the fact that artificial intelligence will get out of control, that it will become more powerful than the person himself, and it seems to me that here it is very important to define this watershed, that it is fundamentally different worlds, and there is no need to be afraid of this in this sense, while the accelerated implementation of any technology, including artificial intelligence, which gives... a significant increase in labor productivity, i will say this, and sometimes by tens of percent, sometimes on an orderly basis, without control mechanisms, technologies , testing for trust, so, for safety in a broader sense, of course, this is very, very dangerous, and sometimes they even

scare me that here is public opinion, they survey public opinion and are proud that 70-80% of our population believes that artificial intelligence is not scary, it’s normal, because generally speaking, you should be a little afraid of it in this regard. which at one time was still discussed by plato in the state, but it was thought that it would be resolved when, as a result of the development of technology and everything else that helps a person in life,

a huge space of time would be freed up for the spiritual cultural development of a person, this is our experience of industrialization, post-industrialization.. .

doesn’t pay for utilities, he knows that he most likely won’t be kicked out, anyway it will be warm, there will still be water in the tap , there will still be something somewhere, he will find something for himself, scrape it together, go to the neighbors to have something to eat, and he can afford the luxury of sitting in front of the tv before, now in games, there on social networks and so on, the question is why a person sorely lacks internal immunity in order to resist, counteract such... let's definitely talk about this, there are just a lot of questions at once, unfortunately, there is not much time , in principle, the main answer was given, but i still, i want to maybe explore this topic a little, look, allen turing, a famous mathematician, i think, in 1950 or 1951

, published his article asking the question: can a machine think? if i'm not mistaken, he then proposed the so-called imitation game, yes, that if there is a leader, a man and a machine, then the leader... a task is set, he asks questions to these two interlocutors and must determine from their answers, which of them is a machine, which of them is a man, in my opinion, thuring said that if more than 70 answers are accepted as human in 5 or 10 minutes, then it means it’s a person, it seems like i read that not a single machine has passed this test so far, then, as i understand it, they became controversial and so on , this doesn’t pose a question to your definition, that after all, it’s... definitely not intelligence, you know what’s the matter, technology isn’t designed that way, if, uh, i don’t know, you have a diesel engine, it’s very well made looks good like, i don’t know, some other super engine, that doesn’t mean that it has ceased to be diesel, yes, here is exactly the same situation, while strong

artificial intelligence, in this sense , from my point of view, is very far away, although there are enthusiasts who believe that in the next few years, maximum 10 years, it will be created, from my point of view this will not happen in my lifetime. needs the subjectivity of artificial intelligence, this means that after all, everyone treats this as complex, but technologies, from this position we need to consider it, if they appear such technologies, i, as a person who deals with this, will see this , doubts will begin to appear, i will share, but for now i have no doubts, yes, i have no doubts now, that everything that is happening now is one way or another very good advanced machine learning with its tricks, very advanced, good, in this sense, of course, we know everything. that in many places it is very pragmatic to use this, because

it was correctly formulated somehow, that well, i don’t know there a manager, a doctor, any person with artificial intelligence will replace just a doctor, for example, this is possible because his abilities, as it were, increase, writing texts, for example, that is, what i mean is that there is no need to be tempted because of this, what is this there is something so incredible, when i was listening to you, i also thought that when we look at a driverless car, but it doesn’t mean... that it, that the program controls the same as a person, but there a completely different principle, what is called driving, here you are you know, this is a very good topic here, driverless cars don’t really exist, but the fact is that when elon musk, for example, was asked, what did he say, i have an assistant, that is, there are a lot of experiments with driverless cars, but in the sense that an unmanned car drives wherever it wants, and it’s fine, this doesn’t exist , i have been speaking about this for a long time already and talking about what if it happens...

in 2011, when the watson computer, in my opinion , yes, he won jeopard, one of the philosophers said that watson does not know that he won jeopard, yes, yes, yes , so it seems to me that a very important topic is that a person in a situation where he does not have a pre -prepared algorithm, he dives into a certain depth, artificial intelligence has nowhere to dive, well, that is, there there is no spare space from which the necessary algorithms to solve this could be quickly pulled up.

and we need to study them and a new direction, in fact, we all need to do this, so the brain

is a much more complex story, probably this is the very last thing that a person in his humanity will be able to study, so this is some kind of model, it has the right to life, it has shown its functionality, but we must treat it in such a way that we have a fairly effective tool for solving the problem, now we need, based on the complexity that this technology represents, we must manage risks. defense, to check for sure that it is he or that it is not him, here it seems to me that world

practice is already moving in this direction, the europeans are generally tough, they announced it in may, we discussed it at our conference, now in my opinion, they decided to divide artificial intelligence into three parts, one part will simply be prohibited, for example, there is the collection of biometrics in public places, social scoring, the second part will necessarily be regulated, well, for example, in aviation, you know there are strict rules. certification costs for support are sometimes many times more than for the development itself, we do this, so i know this well, we make a real-time operating system ourselves, finally the third part, when you can use it as you want, it doesn’t affect anything, well , for example, the entrance to the metro, from my point of view , can be entered into the third part, well, a person comes in, or there in the dining room, for example, admission, well, well, he will eat one more time , but on a large scale this does not

matter, this is what is needed somehow discuss it in our society, because now the opinion was very different. then we will have the opportunity to make such a qualitative leap in understanding the depth of formal data processing, even if we take languages ​​there, relatively speaking, because today we are all witnesses to how the quality of translation has advanced not only from modern languages, but also from ancient ones, for example, i don’t speak

the ancient armenian language there, but today thanks to artificial intelligence... and i can generally imagine what the holy fathers talked about there, interesting for i’m in this period , that is, a completely new area is opening up, previously completely inaccessible to me, in my status, with my level of knowledge, an area that i can already use, plus or minus , quite adequately, i think that, of course, this is a huge help, on the other side, remembering the story with our seminarians who tried to write a sermon, and were then very upset by the fact that, in general, not each of them could write such a sermon that it would be guaranteed to pass the test of the teacher, this is also great, why, because makes you think, but i would also add here that we do not understand how the brain works at all, despite the fact that we

have advanced very much, that is, the answer is what the brain is, and whether our self-awareness really exists.

what great heights has medicine reached in the fight against this problem, about this, about many other things in the program, it’s great to live, on monday, on the first, with each butterfly i have a military episode associated, either a political character, or a collision, which i remember now in moscow, when i look at my collection, intelligence officers we walked along the pits on the boat. they scooped out from the sea all the rubbish that fell from the aircraft carrier, swollen paper, bottles, some boxes, they hoped, among this rubbish, to find precious information, on a dim cloudy day i put on my orders, it was my parade, i

walked along red square alone in the drizzling rain, the premiere of alexander prokhanov and... confession on monday at the first. academician harutyunatisyan, proteer, pavel velikanov, i’m vladimir ligoido, today we gathered our thoughts about artificial intelligence. you know, i think that there is not a single industry in our life right now where artificial intelligence will not be introduced, because once again, i think karmar said, yes, that the native capitalist will sell 100% of the profit, there is an obvious benefit from the point of view our countries. automation of this order will help to master what is now difficult, in this sense, in some sense it is even easier for us, agriculture, for example, well, we need

to increase its efficiency, automate, this is all connected again with artificial intelligence, because in traditional ways, if you do this, it’s just very expensive, in medicine, in fact , most of us just don’t go to doctors, to be honest, well, i mean the population, and so this is what we do... we try move in this direction those that screening of the population is constantly passive , for example, through the devices that we carry with us, there is a single-channel system now in watches , and a person can be brought to the doctor sooner, and as you know, the earlier the diagnosis is made, the better he can be treated, from my point of view vision, this will not lead to the fact that doctors will not be needed, on the contrary, the pressure will be even greater, doctors will be needed more, but the efficiency factor can increase sharply, that is, if before we served i don’t know a thousand people there, then... we can 10 thousand, but more, and a good one at that the doctor will be able to convey his knowledge to the regions , even to the villages, where sometimes there are no doctors, god forbid that there is a filsher, that is, these are

simple examples, and there are a lot of them, in fact, i’m not even talking about production, where they have been used for a long time i don’t know the methods of analyzing the production flow in order to reduce defects, and it seems to me that there are simply no problems here, this needs to be implemented, i’m certainly not the person who doesn’t... also said that safety, trust, who wants stop it but do it this needs to be done wisely, again, it needs to be done so that there is control over it, control, not in the sense that usually people understand this too, technologically, thank god, we are a fairly advanced country in this regard, we don’t lag behind anyone, that’s about the social consequences a little bit, yes, at one time, like many, i probably read martin ford’s book the robots are advancing, remember, this is the fifteenth, sixteenth year, at least the translation was at that time, i’m in translation and... and there are a lot of the same books it was surprising that almost everyone the forecasts did not come true, he talked about professions that would die out, i remember my friend , who understands this much more than me,

he said, the driver’s profession has 5 years left, the translator’s profession has 10 years left, yes, but can we somehow today it’s responsible, but that’s how bad evidence-based medicine is, but it’s responsible from this point of view to say that there really are problems with the extinction of entire professions and areas, so what? it doesn't look like anything because ford claimed that the speed at which it happens is is unprecedented, and never a single invention , including electricity there, at most, has given such results when our negative effect exceeded the possible positive result in the long term, while he was mistaken, judging by his forecast, but are there any risks here, i if allow me, not only will i answer, but maybe i’ll expand your question into a very practical plane. which i encountered, and i am a person from an analog childhood, adolescence, youth, and i remember very well that if you had a some kind of problem in interaction

with some different services, there was always a hotline phone number where you could call, and after some time you could hear a live voice, a live operator who would in one way or another get involved in your problem, today it’s like this the option is practically absent, because in most questions similar to... the method, at some point it simply throws you out and says: that’s it, my possibilities have been exhausted, it turned out that what was supposed to make it easier to solve the problem, in the end drives a person into a dead end, and you you understand that listen, but what’s the point of calling there if i most likely won’t resolve this issue anyway. well, this is the stone of your city, in fact, i think these very issues will definitely be resolved in more or less the next 5-10 years, because now translators are already appearing right away, you can hang it on

your ear and communicate with each other in different languages, i just returned from china, the girl there at the hotel didn’t know a word of english, she had a device on which she spoke chinese and translated into english, everything was fine, not the other way around , that is, the profession was under threat, they communicated with her without... translators, she calmly understood everything, we did everything, that is, potentially, of course , in a mass sense, yes, but this does not mean that they will not be needed professional translators for specialized stories, in this sense, well, yes, there is a social danger that some professions will be unclaimed, well, once upon a time the same thing happened to horses, but in this story, it doesn’t seem so dramatic to me, if we are correct with all this we will manage. that is - especially for our country, where we have quite large resources and a small population, we need to fight to improve the quality of this population, that’s what we need to invest in,

education, secondary school. first of all, in general, so that the population is literate, then it will be able to get involved in all these processes and use these technologies for the benefit. here - let's talk about education, here i got to my favorite topic, you said in some interview that when we had a round table with magim, and i think there was a mathematician named gasnikov, and he said that articles are written using a bot, and if i understand correctly, you simply cited this as an example of such, well, correct use, but i ended up on some kind of bot, not a bot, well, in general, he says, write whatever you want, that means, neural networks are welcome, the demo version is free, and i entered a task on a topic that was clear to me, on the topic of my dissertation, neural network generated a twenty-seven-page text very quickly in 3 minutes, well, part of the text was closed because the demo version so yes i couldn't use without paying, but i can say quite responsibly that more than half of my students will not write such a text in 3 days, in 3 weeks,

to distinguish it in the sense that a person cannot interview him to understand that he is not understands, well then the problem , yes, that’s a different question, that’s why i’m saying that, that’s why in elite places it doesn’t cause problems, because there you either run a hundred meters in the required number of seconds, or you don’t write and texts won’t help you, that’s an obvious thing in my opinion, i am again now i say this on purpose, the problem certainly exists, it needs to be raised, it needs to be discussed, but it is not on the plane that is being discussed. how to make sure that the quality of education in our country increases, don’t try to close the chat, because this is impossible, because once again physical people will do it, what’s the difference, but how to make it grow overall, how to make these places appear in point of growth, how to do it, my colleagues and i, when we discussed, still, of course, pose the problem more broadly and deeply, and we are this instrumental, someone said, but we shouldn’t try to prohibit it, we should, on the contrary, give tasks that, well, for example, one of the options and solutions that will include

the use, let the student... with a chat and this is such a possible way usage is true? well, this is of course possible, this is a new toolkit, well, yes, and accordingly , it won’t be possible to create a new course on this topic in one day, it is necessary that our designers and writers get involved in this, they will use it one way or another , just at least for inspiration, for example, because you can check a thousand options, and then, like a professional, choose what... you think is right, this is quite possible, but this is a different level, and again this is not solved by prohibitions or restrictions, you know, i i would like to pick up a little on the topic of the need for elites, from which perspective, it seems to me, the active introduction of high technologies makes the need for a request for the emergence of a non...

elite in the sense that it is most often perceived today in our country particularly acute, even , what practically squeezed out of our everyday language, and there is no concept of chivalry or real aristocracy, who are they? there is a wonderful study by marina osovskaya, called knights of the bourgeois, where she shows how a knight actually differed from a consumer person, who has always been, in general, not only...

this is the norm, it seems to me that all this artificial intelligence, context high technologies, it simply pushes us to the conclusion that if we do not return to the topic of service and if we put it as the cornerstone theme of human life in general, then we will have nothing to oppose to these technological possibilities, i would say even more radically, if we have already gone in this direction, if we do not dissociate the idea of ​​a person with a function, if we do not return to understanding the fact that a person is a seeker of truth, goodness, love, and then in general artificial intelligence, no matter how we define it, it has already defeated us, i am afraid that we are now again endowing artificial intelligence with subjectivity, we are trying to do this, not once again, i am saying that this is not so, there is no need to be afraid of it, but i would be

opposed to serving the profession as such, i will explain why, because, well, and if it turns out that i don’t know, serving the profession is contrary to serving the homeland, what then to choose or?

in lotman’s terms, technology does not have time to become culture, i absolutely agree, moreover, we are right here, each of us can see that throughout our lives these revolutions, the so-called, took place several times, although from the point of view of the person who it is engaged, this is simply an evolutionary development , the world around has changed, and what is happening now in social networks is just the beginning, because we will be immersed there more and more, there are already countries where millions of people simply do not leave their homes , don't come out. as a layman , i don’t see anything good, from the point of view of these people, they already live in this way, which is normal for them, and it seems to me that human adaptive mechanisms are still not limitless at some point, this is also included and changes - does not allow, let's say,

for a person to come to god, because there is no time anymore, he lives all the time in a comfortable environment, but does not understand that he is eating a hamburger, they are eating steak, i don’t know, and he, because well, everything seems to be there, everything seems to be fine. there is entertainment, and digital entertainment will all be cheaper, cheaper , this is also something that is not talked about much, but if digital education, the digital environment, this is also a reduction in price, on the one hand it seems to be available to everyone, on the other hand it everything may not be of the highest quality, because our educational experience shows that there should still be a combined method, that is, digitalization is very good, but not enough, it does not completely replace human communication.

i don’t use it, due to professional necessity, i of course keep my finger on the pulse, but i don’t use this kind of everyday life, and generative artificial intelligence, which will help us more and more, has its negative sides, which are sometimes rarely talked about what he can generate a very plausible , but untrue, for example, here - the academy of sciences , when i spoke, gave an example in november, a book was published under such a generated book on mushrooms, mushrooms, well, this is a very good topic for us, so if you read it and do what it’s written , it’s easy to poison yourself, that’s why we advocated many years ago that there should be trusted artificial intelligence, among some of the points that we must fulfill, this is related to data, for example, federated learning, but also watermarks, so that we could do one thing...

in the next few years, i am sure , it will simply be essentially criminalized, those who post content that does not have such watermarks will be subject to regulation, i think that our country and everyone else will follow this path, because otherwise it won’t work , why am i telling you that this is one of the examples of how society is gradually starting to do this, at least to limit not in the sense of what to prohibit, but what i as a consumer have the right to know, i see, this is mine neighbor says or

... academy of sciences in proteria pavel velikanov , associate professor of the moscow theological academy, i am vladimir ligoida, today we were gathering thoughts about artificial intelligence, fears of hopes about it, all the best, hello, this is the podcast deception of substances with you, its host is me olesya. editor-in-chief of komsomolskaya pravda, famous endocrinologist zukhra pavlova. zukhra,

my friends and relatives watched our podcast and reprimanded us, we smile very little, well, i kind of said, we’re talking about serious things, of course, we’re talking about these are serious faces, but it seems to me that we should correct ourselves with pleasure, the second second important note, we still probably need to constantly talk about the fact that all those recommendations that are heard in our program, they are still... true advisory in nature, and if we are talking about some substance, then before prescribing it for yourself, you still need to go to the doctor, well, of course, it would be better to have a medical examination so that they can tell you everything. what you can and cannot do, yes, well, now we will talk about iodine, are there people, who are absolutely not allowed to eat iodized salt or anything else. there are people who absolutely cannot consume iodine; they even prescribe an iodine-free diet. well, for example, when a person

has hyperfunction, that is, excessive synthesis of thyroid hormones, then one definitely cannot consume iodine or nuclear salt. some medications containing iodine and even food that contains a lot of iodine, but how can you recognize this in yourself, or it won’t, well, it won’t light up, but with such a light bulb and you can’t eat iodine, you have hyperfunction, if a person is preparing for iodine therapy, let’s say he had a serious cancer of the thyroid gland, he was operated on and will have iodine therapy, then the doctor will definitely tell the patient that you are now eating completely without iodine, indicate which foods contain more iodine, which... must be completely excluded, be sure to make sure that the salt is not iodized, then you also can’t use iodine. in other cases, in most situations iodine is really needed, and the problem, which has become so enormous on a global scale, is related to iodine deficiency. we have very, very

many countries around the world where there is a natural deficiency, iodine deficiency. by the way, our country, well, probably... 90 percent consists of regions in which there is an iodine deficiency, so this is very important for us, but why is iodine deficiency so scary? oh, it’s easier to say than it’s not scary, iodine is a substance that a person needs in life, for example, those same thyroid hormones cannot be synthesized, if there is no iodine or there is a deficiency of it, there will be few of them, and thyroid hormones are what... determines, well, let’s say, the level of our metabolism, how actively all the mechanisms in our body will work. well, for example, as an example, when a person is born in a situation, a child is born in a situation where the mother had iodine deficiency, he did not have enough of these hormones, such a child will be born with a pathology of the nervous system, his

intellect will be poorly developed, even to the point of cretinism, this is often perceived as a dirty word , but in fact... retinism is a diagnosis, if a child in the embryonic period did not receive sufficient iodine and thyroid hormones , his intelligence will never be sufficient, and unfortunately, this situation is very similar to that , that you and i are preparing a pie and we forgot to put eggs in it, we baked it, it’s of poor quality, mixing in eggs won’t work and changing the quality of this pie, here it’s the same thing, if a child is born, then we can improve the situation, well, to normal.. .it won't work, yes, of course, it they will treat him, they will give him the necessary substances, but it will not be possible to change the level of his intelligence, if defects of the nervous system have developed, it will not work either, moreover, his entire body will not function so well, everything will be in such, well, decline, to put it mildly, well that is, it depends on the health

of the mother, it depends on the health of the mother, on how she eats, are they replenished? are hormones replenished during pregnancy and ideally, before a person becomes pregnant, go to an antenatal clinic, talk about reproductive plans and undergo the so-called pre -gravid preparation, that is, preparation for pregnancy, so that all deficiencies are replenished, so that she does not have any hypothyroidism or any other problems, then, let’s say, the quality... of the body, yes, will be much higher, that is the mother will be able to give the child everything he needs, this is absolutely fundamentally important, that is , the child will have fewer health problems, at least as regards iodine deficiency, of course, yes, because again, sometimes we...