i repeat, the nature of the incredible, he decided that it would be done, he gave up, by the way, helicopter manufacturing, it didn’t work, it didn’t work out because there just wasn’t enough theory, it was just not yet clear, many parameters, aerodynamics, how the propeller should rotate , what configuration of the blades, well, there was a lot of things that didn’t exist then , he left this occupation for a while and began to engage in aircraft construction. on june 8, 909 , he built his first plane c2 and made a short flight, not long, but nevertheless made it, that’s the one first plane in with his hands, naturally himself... he

never allowed anyone to lift the air of a machine of his own making, now he is wearing a cap, but everywhere in all subsequent photographs he is wearing his traditional hat, this is a legendary photograph, i must say that sekorsky, who did not finish institute, suddenly found out that he did not have a diploma, and his colleagues in... construction wrote a collective letter to the kiev polytechnic institute asking, well, for his merits to give him a diploma, and sikorsky not only received a diploma, for his success in construction first airplanes, he received vladimir fourth degree, his imperial majesty was also present at one of the shows, who was very pleased with what he saw and... gave sekordsky a watch, years passed, in

911 this man received a pilot’s diploma in the same year, during maneuvers near kiev , he set four all-russian air records. in april 912 he was awarded a large gold medal at the moscow aeronautical exhibition; in the spring of '12 he moved to st. petersburg and was invited. chief designer recently formed aeronautical department , chairman of the russabalt society (russo-baltic carriage building plant), a man who later invested a lot of effort into what sikorsky was doing, in the twelfth, approximately thirteenth year at the aeronautical plant of this same russian-baltic carriage repair building plant, were built light u-planes s5a. s6b, s8, s10,

everything, this is the sekorsky and monoplane s7, s11, s11a and s-12, it’s incredible for the year of construction of such a quantity, he generally brought, the whole his life, he amazed people with his efficiency, here is his design, here is himself in a hat, here is the design of an airplane. in march 913, the world's first multi-engine aerial giant c9, the russian knight, was built. well, it was something unimaginable. and it would seem that we can stop there. nevertheless, in december of the thirteenth year, a fantastic four-engine aircraft, ilya muromets, was built at that time. i must tell you that this building was actually gigantic from those times to today.

a huge apparatus with a passenger cabin , where guests sat, who were served , which, surprisingly, had never happened before, were served coffee, tea, they could have breakfast on the plane, in june of the fourteenth year, 1914, he set a world record for the flight moscow, kiev for 13 hours, i must tell you that the flight was generally, how to say, fun. somewhere in the sixth to eighth hour of the flight, a gas line burst , fuel began to flood the hot engine, a fire naturally broke out, the mechanic rushed to put it out, the second mechanic himself caught fire rushed to extinguish the first mechanic, together they extinguished the plane, they were supposed to fly to odessa, did not make it to odessa, landed in kiev, well, there was an incredible furor, of course, photojournalists, a crowd of people, so...

the first plane, by the way, his imperial majesty personally allowed themselves to ride the car, this is the same plane with the first passengers on... on board, i said that during the flight to odessa , a gas line burst in the air and the engine caught fire, this is the same machine that made it possible to repair the engine in the air, it was it's open over there, by the way, you see, these windows, here the first passengers were located, there were a dozen and a half passengers, the airfield dog shkalik. the first podcast is on air. channel everyone wants to fly, and i am its presenter leonid yakuboevich, we are talking today about the great inventor igor sekorsky, somehow behind this, well, how to say, small, but still significant event, we missed the fact that it was at this time that he was killed duke ferdinand, and the eve

of a global war, in general there was a smell in the air, quite... six or seven of them flew for quite a long time, and one remained in service, lived until the mid-thirties, until a fairly well-known tragedy occurred, he was in the air, and the sixteenth was spinning around him, he was spinning,

spinning, spinning, touched the wing, the plane fell, people died, it was a very famous tragedy , but what i’m saying is that... that the car was actually legendary at that time, in the eighteenth year, despite the tremendous success, in a sense one can say the fame that sikorsky had acquired by that time, but this is what happened, there are discrepancies here, some sources they report that on a late january night they came to his house, and he was renting a house with his first wife, with whom things didn’t work out for him... the fact is that, well, according to the tradition of the family, this is how he was raised, he was a monarchist, unshakable, he firmly believed that the monarchy is the main thing that can create a country and maintain a country, and his first wife, surprisingly, suddenly turned out to be an ardent bolshevik and began to take

part in some circles, and even became a middle-level manager, already created the time of the bolshevik party. has already struck revolution, then they divorced, despite the fact that his wife was pregnant, when they divorced and he left the family, she gave birth to his daughter tatyana, here i repeat, the difference is information, some say that late on a late january night there was a knock on his house, factory workers who were loyal to him, said that during the day several people in leather jackets allegedly came for him, as if having received this... information, he left home, ran away from home, and for some time lived in a copter at the airfield, collecting documents to leave abroad, in general the information is quite strange, because at that time the cheka had not yet been created,

very few people had such serious fears for their own lives, only one thing is clear: having received the documents, he went through murmansk... abroad and never returned to his homeland, he ended up in paris , where he lived for some time, trying to do the business to which he devoted his life , nothing came of it, he did not want to work as a taxi driver, in nineteen he moved to the united states, in america the business did not work out right away, since he did not speak the language very well well, all his attempts to talk with people who, as he assumed, could finance and... his, well, his calling, his desire to build airplanes, always ran into the icy gaze of people who were not so much indifferent, but in any case in case there were already enough immigrants, including those who were once involved

in aircraft manufacturing technology, well, in general, he did not find any support, and it came to the point that he simply began to be in trouble, finally... after about six months ordeals, he cut his own budget to 80 cents a day, he ate mainly beans and coffee in street canteens. six months later, when things had already reached the extreme, but the guiding star that shone for him all his life led to the fact that some emigrant took pity on him and got him a job as a mathematics teacher in a school for emigrants, where he began to teach , after a while all his mathematics lessons suddenly turned into aeronautics lessons. and he told the shocked listeners, truly shocked listeners, who were packed into

hall for up to 450 people, about what kind of planes will be built someday, how huge they will be, how they will transport heavy cargo and the mass of passengers. things got to the point that he had followers and some of those who emigrated to the united states organized a company under his leadership. aeroing corporation, a serious name, except for the fact that the name of this company, written, albeit in beautiful handwriting, was nailed to a dilapidated chicken coop, where , surprisingly, construction began the first aircraft, the twin-engine biplane s-29 , which was built in the year twenty-four, i must tell you that - before that, in the twentieth year

, his sister came to the united states with her son and his daughter tatyana from her first marriage. sekorsky quickly found a use for his nephew; the fact is that one of the correspondents, who wanted to film new york from a bird's eye view, suggested that sekorsky tie him to an airplane wing from above. so that he could shoot, sekorsky instantly repeat, found a use for his nephew, he tied him to the second wing, so that the plane did not fall to one side, and so together they made a whole circle of honor over the city and got wonderful photographs in the thirties , this plane c29 was quite popular, but was used rather strangely in those years, well, for example, sekorsky was asked on... 29 to translate the piano for the president's wife, then there was hoover, in order to

deliver, and he outweighed, it's a piano, and of course, there's nothing to hide here, prohibited alcohol was also transported on the s-29, which gave he had the opportunity to save some money to do what he loved, after some time this c-29 was sold to howard hughes, who wonderfully burned it to hell. during the filming of the film hell 's angels, by the way, the music for this film was dedicated to sikonsky; in september 1926, a man came to him who was a pilot and dreamed, wanted, really wanted, to make the first flight across the ocean to europe. sikorsky was not exactly against it, but the plane was not ready for such a long flight, he insisted that there be... some improvements were made, however, the man insisted, in 20, in september of the twenty-

sixth year, they took off on this plane, with an attempt to cross the ocean. a tragedy happened, on takeoff, something happened to the engine, the plane crashed, fell into the enemy, there were two pilots, they managed to jump out, but both mechanics died, and this was widely advertised in the press. for a person, probably different, perhaps this led to sad consequences, he would never have been able to do something like that again, but you need to know sikorsky, despite this, may 21, twenty in the seventh year, a then little-known pilot, charles linberg, made the first transatlantic flight in history on a single -engine airplane, he flew from new york to paris, it seemed, well, one could assume that this was the same one.

already on the water, he began building hydroplanes, which was completely new at that time, and yet in 1927 he created the s-34 amphibious aircraft. they were used for quite a long time, several dozen copies were produced, it practically went into series, it was good because you could sit anywhere, when anything, though only on the water, it

didn’t have a long arm, it didn’t last long distances, but nevertheless it was very... inconvenient, there was no need for a runway, the plane landed easily on the water, two floats allowed it hold on to a fairly serious wave. and again on the air of the podcast, everyone wants to fly, i’m its host, we’re talking today about a great man, of course, and igor sekorsky, who has made quite serious progress in his life. in the world, of course, the history, theory of the creation of helicopters, airplanes, but everything, as easy to understand, the limit is approaching, after all, they had a limited range, restrictions on flight and landing, only water, but nevertheless, in june of twenty-nine, the sikorsky company became part of, but was, let

’s say, bought at the root of a powerful corporation. union aircraft and transport, and sikorsky began working in this company, or for this company, in the twenty-third year he began, until the thirty- ninth year, sekorsky’s company developed about 15 types of aircraft, which were financed by this very american company. greatest commercial success they had, you know, what kind of planes, these were the amphibian s-38 and s-42 planes. here it is in front of you. development of drawings of the s-42, these are later developments that he made, but nevertheless, you can pay attention to how accurately and verified, everything has already been done, the aerodynamics of the wings and the design of the entire structure have already been considered, these are already serious developments, such almost modern

type. there comes a moment that i want to talk about separately, all these years... sekorsky had a glimmer of hope in his soul that someday he would get down to business about which always dreamed, and he dreamed of helicopters. by that time, already around the year thirty-eight, there was already a fairly stable theory of helicopter construction, the aerodynamics of machines, and designs that were more or less already approaching the point that it was probably possible to begin construction, together with linberg, with whom they... .became friends, in spite of everything, quite firmly, they went to germany, where, linberg, who was more interested in what was happening in germany from a political point of view, and he quite several times met with hitler, but sekorsky was not at all interested in this, and he

spent all this time at the factories of focke, the same focke who later, together with wulf, created an airplane, well, quite a famous, very famous airplane of the period of the great patriotic war, this is the focke vul 190, he was at the fokka factory, which also built helicopters, but he built transverse helicopters, now i ’ll explain to you what it is, which means a transverse design, this is a helicopter with a beam here, one screw spins here , here is another screw is spinning, this is a coaxial design, in this case i am holding in my hands a kamov helicopter, which always builds helicopters of this kind of a coaxial design, where two propellers rotate in different directions, and sikorsky dreamed of building a helicopter with one propeller of a coaxial design, where

on a helicopter here it is shown, here is how one propeller works, this is how he wanted to build a machine in the year thirty-eight ... he began to develop a new helicopter aircraft with one propeller. on september 14, 1939 , the first experimental helicopter vs-300 took to the air, albeit on a leash. he had one peculiarity: he spun wonderfully in place, he flew backwards, sideways, up, down, the only thing he couldn’t do was fly forward, for an unknown reason, luckily he sat down... naturally the inventor himself was behind the handle, then the helicopter was brought to life in 1940, the first one was flown. without a license and quite dashingly, he flew back and forth anywhere and made quite a serious impression on

those present, here i must say, another turn in his fate, his developments the military department became interested, in the forty -second year the world's first serial helicopter r-4 was created, a batch was purchased, a contract was concluded with the military... the helicopter began to be mass-produced, it was used for transporting the wounded, mainly for transporting goods, in it had not yet participated widely in combat until the helicopter found this use. in 1943, the aircraft designer founded his own airline, sekorsky aerocraft , began mass-producing helicopters of various modifications, well... for example, i’ll say, over the years the second world war, that is, from '39 to '45, produced 420 c-47, c-48

and c-49 helicopters for the american army, a huge number. here in front of you is the s-19 chekso, this is the same vehicle that has gone into production quite seriously, and has already begun to be tested by the army when transporting the wounded. and transportation of cargo, it was mainly used for this, there was a special suspension, as you can see, it was possible to lift it on cables, which had never been done before, but it was possible to lift quite serious loads, two pilots, a cabin taken to the top, and sekorsky’s favorite diagram of a helicopter with one rotor, here is a helicopter, quite curious, a helicopter with special two, look carefully. these are the suspensions that allowed the car to land on the water , too, here sikorsky is standing next to him, showing the pilot to raise the air; you could easily

land on any structure below, they are inflatable cylinders, which i repeat , allowed the car to land on the water, on the ground, where anytime, again, look, favorite scheme, from which he is so and... did not retreat with his life, this is a diagram of a helicopter with one rotor. i must tell you that the money, which slowly but surely accumulated in the company, made it possible for sekorsky to finally formalize the marriage; his second wife, to his great happiness, was a woman endlessly in love with igor, of course, understanding that she is. married a man carried away by an idea that would slowly but surely one day conquer the world, she completely surrendered to her husband’s idea,

they lived a long happy life, they had children, but i repeat, maybe this marriage, this marriage, this wedding allowed sekorsky to live a long , happy life in a wonderful family life. very many who knew sikorsky at that time noted how good, friendly, truly, truly, what is called a family, what many people dream of, this gave sekorsky the opportunity, here, naturally, his wife it was welcomed, not to do anything other than his favorite business, he spent time at the company from morning to night, from the late forties he became an aircraft designer develop heavy machines, well, for example, heavy transport helicopters s-55 and an amazing, perfect helicopter s60 were developed. after many years, this

design became perhaps the only one that could lift such weights. in the fifty-fourth year the last s-58 helicopter was created, well, in the fifty-seventh year it was already old. sekorsky retired, becoming an honorary consultant to sekorsky aerocraft. and finally, i started doing what i love . he played music, he played golf, and amazed the guests he always the house was flooded by knocking out the flame of a candle from 10 meters away with a pistol shot. until the end of his life , he was like a child, incredibly interested. unfortunately, in the seventy-second year he died, leaving as a souvenir for posterity the name of a great inventor, a great ascetic, a man who gave the world what...

is commonly called a helicopter, he was not alone, he was not alone, of course, and here i want to tell you this: everything that we told you today suggests that, regardless of who, where, what is doing it, the idea it cannot be stopped, it is always born without the desire of certain people or groups, regardless of the political situation in the country and regardless of anything.

it must be said that without these people nothing like this would ever have been created, not because others could not , god simply gave us outstanding aircraft designers, of whom our fatherland is rightfully proud, we will definitely meet with you with a story about them, because... we really want people to come who will continue their work, and talented there are an incredible number of people in our country, we really want them to continue the work of the great ones who gave us hope and dreams. all the best, there was a podcast with you, everyone wants to fly, and i am its host, leonid yakubovich.

this is a podcast of witnesses from einstein and its hosts, i am film historian natalya ryabshchikova and my colleague stanislav didinsky. in this podcast we tell you who and how created classic, cult, little-known, forgotten soviet films. we delve into the secrets of film archives and tell you why now watch soviet cinema. how to better understand it and how to get maximum pleasure from it, and today our topic is the ninetieth anniversary of the wonderful soviet director, russian director alexander mita and his film made in the late sixties, shine, shine, my star. stas, why is it important for us to talk about alexander metta? because this is the person who largely laid the foundations for the attitude of cinema as a kind of mass spectacle. this is the new

standard. blockbuster, remember, the film crew, a tale of wanderings, of course, made by meta, who thought about how mass cinema was created abroad in general, in those years when he was actively interested in this, he later developed his theory, the concept was further developed about the three-act structure, how any mass film is generally structured, there is a first act with a plot, there is a second and a third, where the culmination and denouement of everything takes place, and meta in this sense is of course an amazing evolutionary... the path of the soviet director, who started with children's cinema, in fact, who is actively he was interested in what his colleagues were doing there, including even participating as an actor on the film sets of his colleagues, and then the film woe-woe my star became a turning point for him in many ways, we are in 1967, alexander mita has already released three film, he graduated from geek, he studied with andrei torkovsky and vasily shukshin, the wonderful

incredible workshop of mikhail romm. according to aleksandrach, it’s not that he actually learned a lot from the lesson, he understood more when he had already re-read those very lectures, released in a book edition, and the year sixty-seven is important in soviet cinema, soviet history, including because the fiftieth anniversary of the great socialist revolution was widely celebrated, many special films were released and apparently alexander thought that it would be great to show how...

yes, we say it so easily, but in fact the name appeared, probably, the very last in this film, when we look at the documents about how the film was created, we see a series of names that, first of all, include the name of the main character,

first of all they came up with his surname sparkmass, well, this is a creative pseudonym, of course, of course, the art of revolution to the masses, apparently this is what all this content grew from? we have photos from the soviet screen magazine that show what the main character should have looked like if everything had happened the way mita intended. yes, a hero appeared, first his name was pavel iskrimas, then vladimir iskrimas, a term for the genre, a definition of the genre, a comedy about iskrimas appeared. and appeared in the process writing, the actor for whom all this was written, the incredible wonderful actor and director roland bykov, and his spark is an artist who... is not recognized by the old system, at the beginning there is a prologue where he is in the sixteenth year, in 916, just the understudy of some tragedian to hope that someday he himself will be able to create new ones and yes, as you remember, this prologue from the literary

script ends with the phrase that i will show you all again, this is the sixteenth year, and soon the revolution is approaching, etc., etc. other things, well, this script was generally written by a meta of course not alone, he wrote it together with his regular collaborators. every time they swore off working with him after the next release of the next film, and then they returned and he asked them, why? well, others are even worse, of course, the story when the screenwriters are dissatisfied with the director is an absolute classic, universal for all

countries, temporary peoples, and screenwriters are always dissatisfied with what they do with scripts, here it seems the script was written quite easily and quite quickly, here they are the application was submitted in the summer of sixty-seven year, in general, by the end of the year there was already a first version of the scene. the script after the prologue began quite festively: in a small southern town a carriage appeared with a traveling, wandering actor on the way to moscow. we can see a fragment, how it looks in the film, ultimately a traveling theater. comrades, national experimental theatre, arts. revolution by mass. istimass begins a free performance. watch shakespeare's tragedy, julius caesar, adapted by vladimir sparkle. you romans. yours

the emperor is killed, killed by revolutionaries. but tyrant still has friends. here is one of them , antony, making a speech over the body of caesar , antony, it’s me, later i remembered that he was very attracted by this transformation of the wagon into a theater, the transformation of a small curtain into an actor’s cloak, everything is very, what we are talking about now is warm , tube, yes, homemade, but how it is really created.

the person who works shows films, that is, after bykov was replaced by oleg tobakob, who you are now we saw on the screen, he perfectly, in principle , joined the three actors who... initially the director mita himself saw on the screen among the leading executive roles, and just evgeny leonov, who played the cinematographer, an absolute hardened opportunist, this is another one such bright work in this film, but again, who are these characters, why are these three artists, and on the screen, who do they personify, the third artist is alek efremov, olek efremov, and of course, who is not in this film not a single word in fact, not a single line, why , because they were in the script, of course, because with...

again, according to him, in his opinion, it was his luck that the film was noticed soon after filming, well, we’ve already reached somewhere before filming, well, we’ve already reached 1/5 of the useful footage, only after.

audience to the residents of this city, the film is a devolutionary film, obviously, yes, filmed back in the 1910s, a drama at sea. drama at sea, snow for the men, woe for the women. city lady, anisty is not a shame. but

the moscow dandy elegant, beware of the ladies, young mothers. here he is, holding his own, attracting the female sex. well, actually, he turns the pedals because it is necessary for the dynamo machine, which is used to show the movie, to give an electric charge all the time, in fact, animated photographs appear on the screen, as they would say then, why do we say that this film with on the one hand about the twenties, on the other hand about the modernity of that time and today, because this little film, which was made especially for metta’s film, we see three...

how then at the end it returns, almost the original pre-revolutionary text, when the whites come to the city, and then the herogineonova reproduces this nostalgic intonation for the times that the law...

worries that there are people who do not listen to him, his they don’t want to watch a revolutionary drama, but run to watch this tearful melodrama, he is especially worried that the girl he picks up reacts to it very sharply and dramatically, even the girl who becomes his companion throughout the film, who is so towards him... she is killed and tries to somehow protect him , perhaps from the hardships of life, she understands that he is weak-willed, and this girl is played by elena proklova, this is not her first role, but in general it gave her such a path into art alexander mitta, 4 years before this film, when he took her to film, after

a huge, long search for the heroine, the doorbell rings in his film, open the door, then elena proklova was not yet 12 years old, and she... brought her to filming after some doubts second director alexander mita, who was also her grandfather. and after that, lena proklova began acting , in general, mita already had it in her head, and the actress’s candidacy for the role of christina or rat, as she is called in the film, she already knew, she had already worked with leonov, she had worked with rolan byikov , she was working, in my opinion, even with efremov by this time. and in general, she was almost ready to play a more serious role, in this film this communication with contemporary stars, with tobakov and efremov, according to her, led her to enter the studiumhat school the next year , the film itself about art, about how an artist lives by this art, became for her

the stimulus that she may have lacked, she had just finished school, in order to actually start working. and a similar character appears in his previous film there is no ford in the fire, even tarkovsky dreams of directing joan of arc , who writes about this to his friends, in general, this is a very relevant figure for, well, not so much for that era, but for the revolution as a whole, and the anniversary of the revolution , of course , it makes everyone think, comprehend how

if only this could have been shown on the screen, well , the spark manages with the means that it has at hand, and almost sets the theater on fire. sun city, wait for us! each ingush clan had to have its own ancestral fortress like this. the irzi tower complex dates back to the 15th century. how do you have fun? but the most important entertainment is, of course, going to relatives, friends, visiting, and of course, eating delicious food. the dessert is traditional, considered in ingushetia, it is khingl with pumpkin. the dough is rolled out thin and begins with a sweet pumpkin. well now let's take care of the very wild garlic pride of this region. i will have it in two versions. i 'm in charge of the lamb, you're in charge of the fish, let's start, the premiere, cooks on wheels, on sunday, on the first, the suspect is approaching me, i repeat, he is coming to me, all the outfits of the pes.