well, we definitely teach astronauts how to determine whether a product is suitable for consumption or not, that is, if the can is swollen, if traces of corrosion appear somewhere, if you feel that the taste of the food from the can has changed, then it is accordingly better not to consume it, or as for sublimates, if somewhere the packaging is suddenly torn, the packaging has deteriorated, then accordingly they do not eat such food, everything else is only what is allowed on the ground, what has already been allowed on the ground, then it will already be possible on board, but now up to that what they deliver... sauces such industrial production on board, not only sauces, we were just talking about new cans, this is industrial production, that it ’s not just berylevo that makes it, it’s not the post-strakhan factory, the mechurinsky plant makes it, and the mechurensky ones do it too, but in my opinion they don’t fish, they are very tasty, they make something from vegetables, very tasty, they also have one in the package, they have hot peppers , so we are really moving on smoothly. we

are delivered industrially produced products, that is, those that are usually sold in a store, the only thing is that as far as i know, there must be, well, some famous one, they buy a batch there directly, check everything, if it’s good, then he delivers it, the product is good, the packaging is suitable for overloading, there, in fact, all this is very complicated, seriously, and it’s not so easy to go there to break through, but by the way, these packages, the so-called pouches, the bichurinsky plant is in them, it’s like... such a new word in packaging, we expect that there will gradually be a transition from these heavy tin cans, here just for these foil spiders, just for this, in order to reduce the volume, mass, weight for delivery on board, in general, they seem to store the same amount, and the volume takes up the same amount in terms of meta mass, so we are waiting, well, thanks to our colleagues, we can eat ice cream, because on the dragon ship there is a refrigerator when he comes, walks around with a sufficient

amount of ice cream, they are like our friends, cosmic brothers and sisters, on weekends, when we get together, if there is still any, they will definitely take it and share it with us, so this is also such an unforgettable taste of ice cream, i i eat some ice cream ground, but there i remember for sure that i really wanted it, i don’t know why, maybe because there was so little of this particular cold food, but the food was somehow removed, i don’t know the thirst, and in general it’s usually a little thirsty at the station.. .. than i wanted, that’s why i want ice cream, well, i know for sure that alcohol is prohibited, and since we were talking about chocolate, here’s the last flight, my family gave me a box of chocolates for the new year, and it was directly written there, there was a whole package, open it there on december 31st, december 31st i opened the package and saw chocolate, i thought strangely, maybe my wife passed it on for my colleagues to treat them to, but then when we contacted her... literally there

a few hours before the new year, she said: well, basically, you have a bonus today, we gave it to you candies, each containing some kind of alcohol, i don’t know why they missed it, well, maybe they trusted me as an experienced astronaut, and i celebrated the new year with alcohol, even if it was a small candy, i had a couple of drops of alcohol, but it was , but it’s still nice to care, yes it was it’s just nice, i don’t know, more of course morally you’re somehow here, there was just a video conference and... and the family was sitting at the table with our family and friends, they were celebrating the new year at our house, they were with glasses, champagne, i’m here with these glasses of chocolate, this care is always nice, and in general chocolate is delivered without any problems, of course, chocolate is stored for a long time, you yourself have tried the cosmic one, yes of course, but how do you do it, where do you get it from , this is overdue or something, yes no, of course it’s not expired, but the food rations are special for us. delivers so

that we can train astronauts for examination training, for practical classes, astronauts, what are you teaching us there? don’t remember, don’t eat, of course, no, heat food correctly, yes, how to correctly identify a food product, but about that block, the heating distribution block that supplies water to sublimates, it’s not just a block, not just a kettle with hot water, it’s a whole system, yes, you can mix it up or forget to close it, yes. later such a bubble of hot water, oh, where should i put it? so, one way or another, we are trying to pass on this skill to new cosmonauts, so that they feel comfortable on board, when they get into the module, they understand where they are. for this, we actually have a complex of simulators for the russian segment , where the interior completely replicates the interior of the iss, which is why the cosmonauts come as if they were at home, warm up their food, they already know how to do all this, everywhere they are already trained with... there are actually no

problems with this, but as i said, the systems providing nutrition is only a small part of the general life support systems, this system from which water is supplied to the sublimate is a regeneration system. water from the condensate of atmospheric moisture, we also teach it how to work, that is, all the hot water that enters the sublimate with the help of which you prepare these sublimates, this is the water that actually turned out due to the fact that a person is on board, it is simply added, well, to ideally, it would be just this way, so that only this water would exist, if there were there is enough of it, but as i understand it, ordinary people can also buy this food, yes of course, well, where are these stalls, stalls, yes, well, we have a supermarket ready in the center,

well, the technologies are still the same, well, that ’s it wiring, they also sell cosmic vodka there, people mean we know this, there are such display cases, yes, where you can pay 500 rubles or how much you will get this tube there and there i didn’t see anything, hamburgers even stuck these potatoes fries, that is, they treated me, i just barely i tried it, it’s just a mockery. well , as i understand it, people buy this tube of vodka, and there is also a tube of pickled cucumber, probably there, for fun with friends, they tried something on a spoon , and that’s it, well, that’s exactly what you can buy yes, through berulyo, but there you can buy real cosmos, that this is

a sham, of course we don’t eat this, as you said at the very beginning of our conversation, that we still have sauces, honey, mustard, and that’s it. they will definitely offer us a try, we are also interested, because all cosmonauts like something of their own, some because of their official position, some like that, and well , a little bit, sometimes it’s possible, yes, but only sometimes, oh, my mouth is watering, tell me. time is coming to an end, today we talked about the coolest, most delicious thing that is on board the iss, this is our space food. anna, how do you see a person, what will he do in space in 50 years? well, let's hope that in 50 years we will definitely leave our solar system. i do

n’t mean all the inhabitants of planet earth, but at least cosmonauts, astronauts, i think that we should slowly get there, at least somewhere beyond pluto.

cosmonauts, space nutrition specialist, i’m anton shkaplerov, this was a space stories podcast, you can watch all episodes of the lab podcast project on the website of the first channel 1tv.ru. hello, i'm a brilliant astronaut. anton shkapterov, these are space stories. today my guests are leading psychologists from the cosmonaut training center, zhanna shevchenko and natalya filippova. we will discuss how the psychological stage of cosmonaut selection goes, what

psychological tests you use and most importantly, how to pass this test. our service is dangerously difficult, at first glance, as if invisible. and at second glance, natasha. we are engaged in professional selection for cosmonauts, accompanying cosmonauts at all stages of their training. and accompaniment during the space flight, and, of course, upon return from space flight. and how many crew have you already trained? oh, we somehow asked ourselves this question, we thought that we successfully completed 35 space crews prepared for space flight. in general , i know that it is psychological selection that candidates for cosmonaut undergo, that is , applicants who come to our star city. who they meet with, is it with you, tell us how it goes, how long it takes, what tests are used? our work

begins with studying the documents, we are sure, before you meet the applicant, yes, yes, we are interested in his life path, where he received his education, how much education he has, whether this education is related to the specifics of his activity an astronaut, and such work already allows... to form such a primary opinion about a person, and we really like to look at documents that are written by hand, because the handwriting already says a lot, says a lot, and what is written in the modern world now by hand, well, an autobiography, i think there are also some statements, there is an autobiography, he writes by hand, yes, an essay, an essay, where he expresses his thoughts about why he wants, what is an essay, an essay, well, what is this?

we know something, we are already preparing, yes, we already have some kind of image for everyone some are applied individually -

psychological tests or you clearly have to pass a certain number, i don’t know, today, tomorrow, how long, by the way, it lasts, the psychological examination sometimes lasts the whole day, and sometimes the next day we continue testing the candidate of course, there is a battery of tests that is universal for all astronaut candidates. but there are also individual diagnostic techniques that we use to confirm or refute the hypothesis that you think you decide that you need to add some kind of test, to get to know a person more deeply, tests are not the whole of psychology, and this is not all of our examination, we observe at other stages of selection, for example, we go to all training... sessions to athletes, we watch how he dives, dives into the pool, how

he passes the standards, how he runs, yes, we watch his endurance, we watch how he communicates at this moment, communicates with all the specialists, this also gives us a lot of information, how he listens to instructions, for example, at some stage selection, as he clearly and unquestioningly follows it, all these points are very important for us, we compile it in this way, write it down, well, how do we write it down, maybe you will reveal some interesting tests to us, this is a candidate cosmonaut coming to our psychological commission at a certain time and the first task that we give him is: please tell us all the sufficient information about yourself, he wrote to you what he wrote - he wrote this in a calm atmosphere, sitting at home. no one distracted, no one put him in a stressful situation, but here maybe someone

told him, maybe he’s prompted, yes, but he wrote about himself, well, quite beautifully, yes, it could be quite romantic there or he sees himself as some kind of hero, socially acceptable, here he comes in front of him, here he is acceptable, just like now, here you are opposite us, and in a chair, opposite him there are four specialists, looking at him. of course, he doesn’t know what we are evaluating, he doesn’t know what questions there will be, he can’t offer even one test, well, by the way, these are stressful interviews, it can be considered a test, this is the very first test, why, because within 10 minutes, no more, no less, otherwise it’s already a framework, yes a framework, and you will talk about yourself , information that you consider necessary and important

to convey to us, we will not support you with a glance, a smile, or additional questions. then we have a lot of blocks of tests, among them there are tests that are similar to how a person undergoes a polygraph examination, we have such a soft one, yes, when sensors are attached to the person, the answer is only yes or no,

there are a lot of questions in these tests, while the person answers, the sensors record him psychophysiologically. by the way, this was not included in your selection, it’s about how many questions, in different ways, there are tests for a thousand questions, yes, there is a polygame, from about 100, from 100 to 150, for example, the question, do you often break traffic rules and cross the road where you are not supposed to, i think everyone does this, but a person wants to be good, and that is, he law-abiding yeah, yeah, yeah. or, for example, the following statement: i never tell a lie, but there are questions that can be repeated under different sauces, the same question under different sauces, but you definitely never tell a lie, remember the last time you told a lie, or were there any cases when you crossed the road in the wrong place, here a person also

experiences some kind of dissonance, that i have 25 times about the same thing, by the way, they also react to questions differently, for us it mattered, one of the candidates, but subsequently he did not join our detachment, he was very indignant about the fact that why they gave me such shabby pictures, that you don’t have normal pictures. patted probably, anton, this is also your group ’s pictures for us, after 20 years we have them

like this, well, how we charged them with what kind of energy, well, i still didn’t understand why exactly these ones are scary. and a black and white fox, and from them you have to choose which one you like, and this is a personality test, anton, but not all of them, they are all unpleasant, they are all unpleasant, but from the unpleasant ones you need to choose the most, the most the pleasant thing that this speaks of is that it speaks of some unconscious processes of the individual, which then influence his character, his behavior, his actions, so if, for example, a person chooses certain faces, this is a tendency.

well, yes, one, one of the famous tests, it is projective, and we also want to give you an assignment, so many colored pencils, anton, what will you need? now you will be in the role, and the director, of some blockbuster, later, this blockbuster will be famous, will gather huge halls of spectators,

in this blockbuster of yours, the main character will be an alien, whom you yourself will invent, your task is to draw this alien, think about what role he will play in your blockbuster, tell us, then tell us about it, our candidate for... astronaut, by the way, drawing tests also pass, but here we gave a little variation so free, therefore, in order not to disclose what tests we use in diagnostics, i am antom shkaplerov and we continue space stories with presenters, specialists, psychologists at the training center cosmonauts, zhanna shevchenko and natalia filippova. the most important preparation is to be yourself during testing, if a person pretends to be something, the psychologist will definitely notice it, and again there are

diagnostic procedures with sensors that will show that he is not what he is, well, about projective tests, let’s say, to train, to determine the direction of compasses, yes or or the choice to remember numbers, well, it’s really possible somehow , yes, so... and the projective test is exactly what our unconscious projects, into what moment, what it will project, is completely incomprehensible, one of our people decided, being assertive, aggressive, quite tough, but to draw an ordinary... butterfly, yes, so he drew this butterfly, drew a butterfly, at the same time, under types of his personality, the butterfly did not fit at all, but there were other

diagnostic tools that allowed us to understand that the pressure with which he draws the butterfly, the location of the butterfly indicates precisely other aspects of his personality that he does not want to talk about, you are how do you know upon completion, we still talked to him and... asked a few questions whether he had undergone training for psychologists somewhere else, and then he honestly answered us that yes, yes, they taught him to draw, they taught him to draw a butterfly, so we we know this for sure from his own lips, from his own, and then he seemed very surprised, how did you say you know that i was preparing for this, well, because all the other tests, all our other observations of his personality show something completely different, yes , that it is obvious that what... what he drew was kind of inappropriate yes, it’s foreign to him, and then he said such a phrase, after all, he says he had to be himself, well, next year he can come

be himself, well, next time, or if you’ve already written off everything, yes, unfortunately, you can say half good, half bad we’re lucky, we won’t have more work in the next selection because the person who didn’t pass psychology a second time won’t be able to be a candidate for cosmonaut, well , that’s good, and also, so that you don’t get the impression that, for example, you drew it wrong or maybe i calculated something wrong, it doesn’t matter, it affects the huge amount of information that we collect during our psychological selection, our observations, and the huge batteries of tests that the astronaut candidate will perform, ours, well, you can.. .even a council and psychologists, when we collect all this data, we will discuss it among ourselves. by the way, i also wanted to talk to anton about this topic, because anton was just

at one of the selections, in my opinion, not even at one of the selections, share your impression, what do you think in general, how important psychologically, which were taking place at that moment when i was with you, they never went through, it was clear that this was not our person at all, he had nothing to do there, by the way, this is why we are talking about the luscher test. obviously not a russian surname, but what other tests have a name besides luscher? are there many russian psychologists among them? by the way , the tests are all adapted to ours. we don’t have any tests that haven’t been adapted specifically to suit our environment, even you know, if you take any test, yes, that is, there is always a note at the bottom , well, how is it adapted, for example, there is berezin there, or adaptation. there are a lot of our and luskanov’s motivational tests, and there are many, many diagnostic questionnaires, we won’t

mention these names, because there are many tests. by the way, domestic psychologists are involved in the selection, so even the questions themselves, the nature of the questions changes, but in the course of this adaptation of the test specifically to our environment, the questions change, even some semantic ones change, no, no, no, we use standardized tests, which have been validated, so we don’t just take tests out of the blue, but we talked about selection, there is the most interesting thing everyone is interested in, this is ours - i wouldn’t say that it’s our favorite and the audio-visual chamber, yeah. yeah, i know that it changes from selection to selection, that is, we went through, i think, on monday we sat down, left, i think, on saturday morning, then someone sits for 3 days, somehow it changes, firstly, time, as i understand it, the tasks that are set for this period, about the sound camera, tell us, i can say that you only need to go through this once, if you pass, you don’t need to do it twice, that’s absolutely right, and it’s already passed, well, candidates for cosmonaut, that is, enrolled in

the cosmonaut corps, and the first one. this is an engineer who, for 24 hours times 3 , monitors our cosmonaut candidate, at this time in this small room the cosmonaut does not sleep for 64 hours, performs certain types of activities according to the cyclogram, i can say that the most important thing is that you don’t hear anything there, surdo , yes, soundproof chambers, yes, that is,

you are isolated from sounds. and there isn't a single window there, you don't understand time except for hours, well, and also likes the door is closed, yes, and it’s such a huge metal one, like a shelter bomb, as far as i remember, yeah, and yes, it’s there to communicate, well, for example, to receive a laptop with tasks, or food, or some surprises, gifts from , uh, i don’t know, your relatives, your friends, colleagues, cosmonauts, there’s a gateway there, that is, it turns out that on one side it opens, but on the other side it doesn’t. anton, i remember something, well, the most important thing, yes, it was hard, not sleeping and working for 3 days, and i remember that before i got into the cell, they said, what you can’t take, i’ll definitely remember that you can’t take a tennis ball, that my colleague in front of me, who walked through the cell here so as not

to fall asleep...

he gave me a songbook, well, where the words are, and such famous songs, he drew me chords, well, what did you put there, how and here is the right one, it turns out that you didn’t know how to play at all, you started from scratch, and he was drawing chords on the go, literally there, i don’t know, i should already sit down, and he came to see me off and started drawing i drew these chords, well, when i sat down, when i had free time, i took the guitar, took a replacement song, i understood what the melody was, i knew the words perfectly, and i began to speak, but unfortunately, out of the entire songbook there were about 30 at least songs, not a single song had all the chords , which he drew for me, at least one was missing, so when i sat down to play, well, i was learning to play, i pick it up once, and the melody goes, everything is fine, but when i come to a moment where there is no drawing, i think, well, i’m in in general, so stupid, i think i’ll pick it up myself, so i picked it all up night, when i went out, they told me, anton, if we had known, we wouldn’t have given you a guitar,

because all night i played the same melody... leave it the same, change the words, i think that by the end it had to change what at the beginning i wanted to write, by the way, on the air, if you want, yes, of course, tired toys sleep, books sleep, only in the starry i can’t sleep,

i’m a candidate, even a fairy tale goes to bed so that we can dream at night, besides us, well, then there are five more quatrains, and also from... further obscene, for us hyr-hyr-hyr, for us khyr-hyr-hyr, don’t let that one over there that is locked in the surda not sleep, it’s in the surda, every damn hour, a ball pounding in every head,

after all, there was a ball, but was there a ball, leading psychologists, the training center, how cosmonauts, people with like... with a lot of talents and flexible skills, and flexible skills, so yes, if anything, we’ll go sing with you, we’ll go sing, yes, and by what qualities does anton select to become an astronaut, here you are what qualities would you use to select you to become an astronaut? well, a person must be self-possessed, yes, sufficiently educated, intelligent, cultured, cheerful, must be an optimist, believe that he will pass, he will fly, i don’t know, to the moon, to mars, and there’s nothing here...

purely our psychological experiment, well , a study, yes, to put it correctly, a study, after which we, psychologists , already know almost everything about a person, yes, because this experience, yes, such mm, solitude, yes, then, the person does not sleep, does not sleep for 64 hours, the psyche is under such pressure, stress, yes, what everything comes off a person, well, how can i say, blinders, blinders, yes, generally accepted, yes, these are the standards, yes, after all. in a normal person, everyone knows about himself, yes, that he is so strong, resilient, yes, what he is positive on all sides, what he is capable of, when such a load, as a rule, a person does not know, and it will come out , what

is poured, what is poured, yes from a jug, there we draw, just like i drew, by the way, you asked for something maybe in a nutshell quickly, but what you asked i drew, i remember the cameras we drew, it's an alien. yes, a photon is just solar energy, from which planet does it come to us? prince, the sun, a photon - yes, an elementary particle, and what was your call sign in the deafness chamber in the deafness chamber, by the way, everyone has their own call sign, wow, but i don’t remember, then another question for filling, and what was the most difficult in in the sordo-chamber, the most difficult thing in the vault of cells was just not sleeping from 4 to 6, although i didn’t sleep these days... the days there seemed to change day and night on one of the days, but when i was allowed to sleep, this is when this time passed, well, every morning my wife brought me fresh newspapers, this was allowed, i don’t know how it is now, and i could

to read what was happening in the world, well, there is no internet, and i came across one very interesting article when they decided to sleep, i just started reading, and there it was on two pages, and i continued reading, although i already understood that i wanted to sleep , well, this is such stress, well, interesting. a set of these light bulbs shows this or that command, yes, no, sleep, i don’t know, getting up and so on, so i’ve already been there several times like it’s time to sleep, time to sleep, then they turned off the general light for me, but there was this lamp , which is above the bed, i turned it on i finished reading it anyway, and this is a phenomenon, by the way, everyone is waiting for this moment when they need to go to bed and do not sleep, but at the same time, when they need another one of ours, and we had two comrades, not russians... one of them came up with this, he said that he was

an oriental man, and he would meditate, he lay down on the bed, well, he sat down, did this meditation pose, well, naturally he fell asleep, well, at first everyone thought maybe they were really meditating, then there was even a signal, in my opinion, yes, in short, we already had all the light bulbs and this signal signal was already wanted to be removed, but now they removed it, which means they didn’t pass, it was one of the engineers who was sitting there. a man, he went to the fire panel, where everything is in case of a fire, and there was a shovel, he turned it up louder, no, he went to this door, just this iron one, and he began to hit this one, well, he ’s a good guy, well, he’ll lose his temper like that , in short, he woke up, and after that they told everyone, the second one was told, no meditation, that’s it, you can’t sit on the bed, sit there, swear rudely, well, in our cell, too, the cell is willful, for example, we say, you can’t stand on your head. this will worsen your situation, because you

will feel bad later, and some candidates still decide that standing on their heads will help them later, you can take a shower, it’s very good that i didn’t fuse when i put these puzzles together, look how busy our cyclogram is now , there is, i just looked at how many pages, i already realized that there are a lot of creative tasks, and speech tasks. it was simpler, although in terms of time we sat longer, well, we sat longer, because it was your first day with sleep, you entered like such backgrounds, but the first day you worked, then went to bed, then there was 64 hours of madness, everything is the same as here, and then again you - the work was done; the backgrounds again worked as if on the way out, now there is no first fifth day, here there is a second, third, fourth, that ’s enough for us yes, because we organize and for a person to come well-rested, he stays on the territory of the star... town in a hotel, gets enough sleep and comes back as fresh as a cucumber, we understand that

in addition to the ore chamber is huge, you are always next to us, this is skydiving, flying on airplanes is survival, well, everywhere exams come, i don’t know, you go to the canteen, you peep there and collect them, yes, because crews are formed anyway, they still ask for your opinion, and maybe the most important thing is, when we fly, you accompany us, you know us, thank you very much that you are coming to tsup. there are, indeed, there are also our own in the train, which, but ours always need to be conveyed greetings, so thank you very much for helping us not only to enter the cosmonaut corps, but in general all our training that we go through every year medical examination, we meet with you, who are we for you, friends or specialists who are friends, for me all doctors are friends, and even if something is found in me, i always have this concept, thank god we found it, we...

your profession, but you also strive to benefit a large number of people, you have a mission to give inside you and maybe because you just know me well, no, it’s because, it’s because your figure is drawn in such a way with a wide amplitude and arms, are you striving to embrace the immensity, are you with such energy? and i can

i can also say from the drawing that, most likely, you are now ready to not only engage in your main activity, professionally, but it is also very important for you to pass on your experience to the people who meet you, do you have it?

responsibility, your hand is wider, you are bigger and here you pay more emotional attention to your loved ones for him, yes, there are people who are on show, so he came, the sun is shining, but when he came home he became gloomy, so home is that place , which protects you, these are your resources, and you you care very much about your... resources and your loved ones, so tell me, is there any parting words for those people who watch our program and dream of becoming inert? parting words first: to be yourself, this is important, a person already has a vision of what he is going for, and exactly what to

say, to master a profession, for professional self-realization, and not in terms of some personal ambitions, but here’s how was -

how far will we fly? probably beyond the boundaries of our solar system, yeah, but we want it that way, no, no, i’m listening to you, well yes, this will already be like a standard question that interviews ask, so well, as it seems to us, if 50 years ago people were asked what would happen in 50 years, surely there would be pictures like these that already live in in this real, real person... he would draw something close to the kind of science fiction films that we see now, science fiction films, for some reason there is such confidence that this is exactly how it will be, that’s what i don’t know, there will be tablets there, well there is transparent, yes, like in these the films have already touched upon all the information somehow given out, today we have revealed

the secret of how psychological selection for the cosmonaut corps takes place, leading psychologists and the cosmonaut training center helped us with this. thank you so much, you watched the space stories podcast, and i’m anton shkaplerov. hello, it’s time on the air, ekaterina andreeva is in the studio, briefly about the main thing. cosmonautics day, on the anniversary of the first manned flight into space, meeting in the kremlin, the presidents of russia and belarus with the crew, who recently returned from orbit. and a special communication session, with whom vladimir putin congratulated whom.