autism is also the pain and fear of many parents, but this is a disease that has now become more common among modern children, well, firstly, due to the fact that diagnostics have improved, since criteria have been developed for what we call autism , and here we combine a lot of the same case when there are no healthy people, there are no, diagnosed, treated in this vein, but i don’t think that it has become more, i think that it was simply classified, and they learned to isolate it from other conditions, so it developed in such quantities, with is there anything that can be done about this, is this something that can be prevented?

neurology, and i even think that not every neurologist will undertake to discuss the topic of autism so globally with details, but genetics, here we live in the 21st century, many say that this was the last century, the century of physics, now we live in the century of life sciences, biology, medicine, there are movements when people offer to do tests, genetic tests for their children, based on the information received, make decisions that are related to both health and the choice of profession, a variety of things, but there’s probably still a certain commercial motive here, when they start doing genetic tests to everyone indiscriminately, and the most important thing is then not knowing what to do with their interpretation. today we have encountered, well, not encountered, but at least come to such a philosophical and medical concept as epigenetics, when the state surrounding the child, both in utero and... days

after birth, when surrounding circumstances impose a certain influence on the genetic material, on your own genes, when certainly unfavorable conditions, are later laid down, including many diseases that an adult faces, this includes diabetes, high blood pressure, and maybe even some mental conditions. today, of course, the condition of a pregnant woman, the condition of an unborn child, and a newly born child, it is, in fact, the root and core of all those pathologies that a child will have, a child who has grown up and turned into an adult. further, and here is this whole scientific layer that we still have to raise and raise.

in general, it’s almost like you yourself said the word philosophical, yes, that it is in essence, that everything influences everything, everything is interconnected, but recognizing this is one thing, but what to do on this topic is a little different, everything is a little different, for example, what do you think , should parents do genetic testing of their child? without medical indications, it makes no sense to do such tests, but if the doctor advised it , he said exactly which exons should be looked at for changes? then, of course, this needs to be done, that is, these are the indications that are revealed during regular visits to the doctor, what we started when we see each other, when the doctor detects some deviations, well, god forbid, in the development of the child, or of course, of course, and the pediatrician on the spot should already determine which specialist should show the child, and the specialist will then send a geneticist to the doctor and recommend exactly those genetic tests that he needs to take, okay? i just wanted to ask

about one more myth, as it seems to me, umbilical cord blood. there is an idea for biobanking, storing blood stem cells, if god forbid with a child, even when he has already grown up, he has already become, maybe his parents are no longer there, but this is something that will help him with the replacement of some organs, maybe even transplants . well, this is, let’s say, the distant future, but nevertheless there are a number of conditions when cryopreserved blood taken from a cryo bank can be used.

it will be necessary to protect the current child throughout the life, that is, he will grow up, then grow old all this time, this one

the emergency reserve is stored somewhere, and yes , and every day of storage is paid accordingly, and this is the future, do you think that in 10 years or someday? will this happen to all newborn babies? well, i think it will be, if not for everyone, then at least the possibilities will be broader in this sense and we will certainly be able to use this material again for a larger number of pathologies. returning to the fact that you need to trust the doctor, well, i’ll tell you more than that, of course, you see the difference. concepts our slavic doctor and latin doctor, yes, that is, accordingly, doctor is from vrati, but vrati does not mean to deceive , to mislead, but from the original meaning, that is, when

to talk, to persuade, including to talk pain, therefore in this i mean, when we go to the doctor, first of all it is important to establish with him...

the president already said about the educational service that it no longer exists, it is no longer a service, well, i really want there to be more medical services from now on. there was no, and the patient and i did not provide services to him, but treated him, communicated accordingly, i assure you that a lot of problems go away when collecting an anamnesis, just having a heart-to-heart conversation, that’s the latin name for doctor, well, it’s just stating that the person has received a diploma, our medical institutions, they are preparing from your point of view , now doctors or physicians, in this dichotomy? which you said, but here it is necessary, who, who will talk to people, these are tens of thousands of people, but they must be prepared, of course, but we must learn from our teachers, but there is a certain, of course, age-related failure, and especially

that occurred in these difficult nineties, two thousand years, when , unfortunately, even talented doctors and scientists... left various fields, including medicine, but i hope that today we have already been able to fill it, among other things, and the basis of the soviet pediatric school... it allowed us to get through covid with dignity, and i think that in the same way it will allow us to adequately educate, including young doctors, who will be able to treat patients, and not provide medical services, this is personalized medicine, a very fashionable term, but in my opinion it comes just from the west, this is communication with patients, looking into their eyes, or is it something else , well, apparently what we have always had in the west suddenly saw the light and decided that medicine should be personalized, we

always knew about this and always talked about it, that this is exactly how it should be, that it is the communication of the patient with the doctor that gives the best result than the machine will fill everything cells and make a diagnosis. you are not against instrumental methods, all these high technologies that make it possible, well, in particular in pediatrics before.

we all want our children to be smart and talented. well, firstly, here, too , genetics comes first, which is not worth doing, which cannot be done, unfortunately or fortunately, we cannot intervene in this process on a global level, in particular, intellectual abilities, the original , they are given to us, but of course, it is in our power to improve something, develop something, will have a positive effect on intellectual abilities, it’s like talent, yes, which can be buried in the ground, and which can be allowed to grow, well, kids,

when we’re talking about very young children, it’s too early for them to play tennis or something else it’s kind of unclear to do this. scenes from king lear in order for him to be more intellectually developed for university , well, fortunately, the child has a certain structure in the brain, the so -called reticular formation, which has all the transcendental potentials simply filters out what this means in russian, for example, that a newborn child can

wake up from the mother’s voice, quiet, gentle, which is addressed to her, at the same time, if... a cannon fire occurs, he will not wake up, because this structure will cut off all transcendental impulses, and the child is simply programmed for a small number of stimuli that are close to important to him, but because this is, you know, like another legend on the topic of what a child cannot see at birth, when they confuse him with the blind puppies and kittens, i think they are i remember they don’t focus, it feels like they don’t focus their gaze on you, they somehow look through you. they look a little somewhere at the sky, no, they focus, they just have an optimal focus for vision - this is 30-40 cm, and these 30-40 cm because the mother’s face when breastfeeding is located at approximately this distance, they don’t they need to look at lighthouses on the open sea, so in essence they don’t

need to have such farsightedness, then theater, a theatrical performance is meaningless for him, because it’s somewhere... it’s just, well, firstly, well, they don’t focus, and secondly, they simply don’t understand the meaning among this flickering, the best thing for a child is to focus on some contrasting images, studies were carried out on the face of the mother and all newborns, again, they distinguish, well, actually schematic images of a human face, the so-called emoticons, yes, that is, smiles, there is a dissatisfied expression on the face, that’s what they are...

it’s possible, but it’s to force it and so that, like a hero in a fairy tale, a year passes all stages and became 30, so here is ilya muromets 33 year, on the contrary, he was lying on the stove, by the way, well, yes, but there are those who did not have time to be born immediately the next year went to get married, there are also a lot of such fairy tales, and so - everything coincides, the motor capabilities of the child, for example, when he begins to crawl, it is at this moment... he begins to be afraid and distinguish between strangers, because before he began to crawl, there was no point in being afraid, because it’s still impossible to escape, so everything is physiologically justified, well, if everything is fine in this best of all worlds, then do nothing it turns out it’s not necessary, that is, it really is, well, evolution, nature, anyone , laid down so that we all go through a common path

of development, but the results are still different, because different people get, you know, specifically for... implemented actions, maybe there is no point, you need to communicate with the child, you need to talk to the child, the child needs to play really the right music, classical music has a beneficial effect on cognitive abilities, on interneuronal connections, this is all completely proven, there is a separate, so to speak, even direction of music therapy for children specifically for children, for newborn babies, for premature babies, as the actual sound analyzer, it is more ancient than the visual one, i think all young mothers will agree with me that, uh, if

the child , let's say, turn on some monotonous noise, low frequency, there is an extractor hood, a vacuum cleaner, turn on the water, maybe the father's voice, by the way, studies have also been carried out that a man's voice has a more calming effect on a newborn child, that is, low... .

stage contemporary repertoire? the problem is that when they grow up and become teenagers, they still begin to listen to it, well, if this is a problem, they make their own choice, well, i think that by at least a more developed brain, more, at least, well, he continues to develop, he continues to develop throughout his life, but at least at that rebellious stage, it’s probably just normal, so that he can then return to the classical repertoire at a more mature age. and torment your children, well, that’s how it is once again, here the pediatric recommendations will change, we will all be in such sync, yes, yes, yes, great, thank you

very much, i am obvious that the topic is very big, it suddenly occurred to me that a very important thing is also - this is actually artificial feeding, but i’m afraid we won’t be able to talk about it now, but when you talked about it, it was very interesting that the child focuses on his mother, that in his first months he lives in order to, well... to receive milk from the mother, but , after all, when we transfer it to artificial feeding, it turns out to be a completely different battleship, right? you are right, konstantin, because any branch of pediatrics is like a separate universe, you can talk about this for a very long time, and if you come up with some kind of series of programs about certain subsections, i think that you and i will be able to cover if you see in this, it seems to me that this is it. otherwise you will listen to something else, because

a holy place is never empty, so that would be great, thank you very much, thank you, this is the podcast baden baden, we are today we talked about pediatrics with andrei alekseevich stepanov, the chief specialist in pediatrics, the administration of the president of the russian federation. hello, i'm dmitry bak, here is a literary podcast, let them not talk, let them read, today, as always, we are talking about reading, about literature, i repeat, as usual, that you... can read ancient manuscripts, you can read electronic devices, newspapers , magazines, books, it is important that you read, because reading and literature is

a wonderful activity, fashionable, cool, like now they say, and today we will talk about a man who has changed our reading circle in many ways, and the reading circle is precisely an expression that is associated with leo tolstoy, because nikola is about the lion. we will talk to tolstoy, so we are talking today with his two great-great-grandsons, or rather with his great-great-grandson and great-great-granddaughter, fyokla tolstoy and vladimir tolstoy, fyokla tolstaya, journalist, tv presenter and head of the tolstoy digital project, vladimir tolstoy, adviser to the president of the russian federation on culture, vladimirich headed the museum for many years reserves. glade, well, who else if not you should know about tolstoy, what maybe not everyone knows, today we’ll talk about it, what

it’s like to be tolstoy’s descendants, how it all feels, we’ll try to talk about it, let’s start, of course, with yasnaya polyana, because this is a place of power, who will we start with, maybe, let’s, let’s thekla, let’s start with you, well, that’s it, of course, if we talk about yasnaya polyana, then it’s probably right to start with volodya, because volodya in ninety-four became the director of yasnaya polyana, it was like that the return of fat people to the museum, because fat people have always been associated with...

born in the village of severny, which was not yet part of moscow at that time, and uh, i just remember well that at some point i got sick, i started reading quite early i asked my dad to advise me to read something, i was, this is preschool time, that is , maybe 6 years old, and dad gave me, uh, two books, my life at home is clear. the glade of sofia andreevna's sister tatyana andreevna kuzminskaya and my memories of ilya lvovich tolstoy of our common great-grandfather, great-grandfather vladimirich and fyokla cousins ​​- cousins, but to make it clear, here is lev nikolaevich, but he has 13 children, one of his sons, the third child, the eldest sergei, then tatyana, the third child ilya, ilya lvovich. here he is our

common great-grandfather, then, like genealogies, this is interesting, then ilya lvovich also has eight children, including two sons, my grandfather ilya, and my grandfather vladimir, here they are siblings, then fyoklin father nikita ilyovich and my father ilya vladimirovich is cousins, and you are three, and we are second cousins, yes, everything is quite simple, oleg vladimirovich and his offspring, this is it...

yes, in fact, it’s our part of the family that’s mostly here, and it’s true that il ilvovich is not there, but there is sofya nikolaevna, his wife, daughter-in-law of lev nikolaevich and sofia andreevna, here she is right behind lev nikolaevich . and the children, yes, five children, mikhail, andrey, volodya and ilyushok. here is another photo, yes, here is the wonderful alexandra lvovna. yes, beloved daughter sashenka, yes, at such an amazing age, she is a very important person in general, and for yasnaya polyana, she is an important person for her father, the youngest daughter, who dedicated her life, who dedicated her life to her father, here is ilya lvovich, in the top row standing on the very left, ilya lvovich, lev lvovich, alexandra lvovna.

we are called serbian fat families, yeah, yes, because the history of our families is connected with such an important period of their lives, the difficult period of emigration to yugoslavia, to serbia, so we are serbian fat ones, and so, when my dad gave me these two books, and they both unusually described yasnaya polyana as such

an amazing... place, happy, joyful, and i really wanted to get there, and my first visit, it gave birth to very mixed feelings in me, we came to... the house, we really can’t say that we were very happy there, but of course, we ended up in tolstoy’s house, me i was struck by its kind of gloominess, curtained windows so as not to let in the light, i remember this dark linoleum on the floor at the entrance to the house, i was very, that is, not touching anything, not looking anywhere, i was very disappointed, then not so that he reconciled and fell in love.

read, discussed, laughed, and this is, well, such a family, family game is well described by tatyana andreevna, kuzminskaya. but there were other family legends, yes, the most famous legend about the search for the green

stick, it’s all connected with the name of his older brother nikolai, who, after his parents passed away, became a very important person in... in the family and he is for his younger brothers and the sisters told them incredible stories and came up with games, there are many of them, one of them is the search for the green stick on which the secret of happiness for everything is written humanity, and if they find it and read it, then there will be no more wars, no deaths, no poverty in the world, there is such a secret there and...

i have been looking for this green stick all my life, yes, and indeed it is buried for us in a clear clearing, in the sense that when we think about the secret of universal happiness, we turn specifically to tolstoy. hello, this is the news on the first, in the studio of maria vasilyeva and at the beginning of the issue, briefly about the main topics. bright sunday of christ, orthodox believers celebrate the most important holiday: easter in all churches. services, most importantly in the cathedral of christ the savior, where, according to tradition, the president arrived.