this is how he remembered his native village, this is, as art historians would say, a late period of creativity; in his youth, bykov entered the art school in vitebsk, the city of chagall and malevich, then they stopped paying a scholarship there, and he was forced to go to a construction college, but draw did not stop until the end of his life.

film adaptation of the story of the centurions. filming began in january 1974 in the vicinity of murom, vozkhozhdenie, which was the name given to dmitrievskaya sloboda. the film we shot last time was such that it it was simply impossible to just make the next film like an ordinary private. the natural conditions were terrible, -40°. there were monstrous snowstorms, the actors refused to wear anything warmer, because they wanted to survive the same conditions that were 30 years ago, in 1941. everyone worked with full dedication, for example, one episode of shipitka required the expressive hands of the extras. and to my horror, i saw that almost all the hands that were shown were adults , and most importantly, children and women. they have

all my fingers were covered in black dots, i didn’t understand what it was, i said, why do you have black fingers, and one boy, about 12 years old, told me, well, he says, we got frostbite when we were filming that episode 2 weeks ago , i said, why didn’t you say that you were cold, he said, well, the actors also worked without gloves, but how could we wear gloves. after all, the situation in the film where sotnikov freezes the back of his head to a tree, this actually all happened during filming, exhausting work, lack of sleep and endless cold. everything is the same

bykov, if you remember, in the alpine ballad there is also cold there, they are constantly oppressed, in his every search, this theme of cold is present in him. in such a way that as a hero, a separate hero of the story, it’s cold, they come here, to the attic, to the attic, for the actress lyudmila polikova, filming the film became the strongest personal experience, i was... almost 3 years old, and my mother and grandmother we were in evacuation, we were in muram, and we were in this dmitrov settlement, when i tell my mother, ma, i say what our name was the settlement where we lived, she says dmitrovskaya, i’m okay, when i’m standing with

a noose around my neck, i have just this, that is, well, this can’t happen, for this, for this to happen later. unique home film, recording without sound, vasil bykov and the famous composer evgeny glebov. glebov, i met somewhere in the early sixties, when...

they were close friends, it was glebov who went to ask for an apartment in the belarusian capital for the already all-union famous writer. he met with kuzmin, with alexander trifonovich, secretary of the central committee of the communist party of belarus. and i told him this situation. and kuzmin says: “well, let’s think this is the end of the conversation.” he arrived, through the efforts of glebov, bykov in 1978 moved from provincial grodno to minsk, with him a new love, journalist irina suvorova. they worked together in the editorial office of grodno pravda. irina mikhailovna came to the editorial office in 1949,

they have known each other since then, that is, they have known each other since grodno, and they got married when he moved to minsk, that is, well, essentially, of course, he... left the family when the children were already adults, when they did not need any support, one can say that he fulfilled his fatherly duty. irina became a typist, secretary, and editor for her husband. he was busy all the time; he and irina sat from evening until midnight. i was visiting them once, and they sat and wrote until 4 o’clock.

search for truth, bold, uncompromising, only this can be the path of an artist whose work is needed by the people, readers of vasil bykov know this. they knew vasil bykov not only readers and moviegoers, many of his stories were transferred to the theater stage, although the author himself was not happy about this.

it will be useful to glue something somewhere, attach it, drill it, sharpen it, and

so on, this was absolutely such, not that alien, but some kind of slightly folk trait of him as a writer who must create, write nothing more, we chose two heads of poland, two former presidents, they received a call from petro poroshenko, there is a question of importing ukrainian grain, farmers are coming, they are blocking... cities, what is a ukrainian in front of the pole: on your belly, on your knees, crawl here slave, we supply sloes to europe, we are planning world domination, listen, if they overhear us, it will turn out that we are going to the cream together. america is leaving western europe at the mercy of the confrontation with russia now; apparently, france and poland will be at the forefront of this adventure. poland is the kind of country that will do anything for money. will remember that level of help, it was a gigantic help that has not yet

been compensated, well, you still have to pay for it, yes, and we will give you every penny let’s remember what the true price of polish-ukrainian friendship is, the van and lexus show, tomorrow on the first one, what a beauty, it’s all the same, you’re more beautiful, here’s a bear, not for life. i won’t get along with ermakov now, i understand, hands, you’re not touchable, we’ll get married anyway, i won’t follow nazar, i love the bear, varka, make up your mind, i need to start a new life, i’ll get a job at a factory, you’ll also rent a room somewhere , rapids ahead, mom, misha, where? they didn’t find him var, the father said, you are on the rapids, you crashed, hold it, jump, i said, i’ll shoot now, who is he

he was killed, father, how did you end up on the shore, you found me, and who is this, varya, my bride, for the happiness of the young, smile, i am your husband now, otherwise i can teach you, i forgot, two banks of the prime minister.

“i need that i was here, which means there was this grove, it will give freedom to my creative thoughts. the picture of the ascent according to the story of bykov's centurions was almost ready when it was destroyed by state film officials. and in the conclusion it is written, the interpretation of the role of the main positive hero,

former partisan and first secretary of the central committee. the communist party of belarus brought this film to masherov in an old car with larisa and his wife. to say, still wet, damp from the developed film, and masherov gathered such a peculiar synclite, party workers were sitting and, according to his memories, he shed tears when he saw this film, then stood up, applauded for a long time and talked about this film for about 40 minutes, this

was the man who had a huge influence in the party and his reaction to the film while watching it, when... he cried already in the middle of the film, because he remembered so much from of his own partisan youth, so the film was released normally, a good first category, but it could have been that they simply could have released it on the third screen, a screening at 10:00 in the morning in a cinema near moscow , that’s all, and to judge, it’s real...

after the ascent i have not acted in any war film, i said, i said my word about the war, and i made my choice, so the author of the immortal story himself will watch the ascent as a simple spectator at one of

the sessions in the minsk cinema.

should not fight, find each other people, to reach out to each other, in love, in business, in creativity, this thought sat in him, this was very important for him, vasil bykov passed away in june 2003, a man who knew how to truthfully talk about

the past without fear looking into the future, the past: times a good artist, so to speak, was asked how to live on, now, so to speak, i don’t know whether it’s for good or not, but the artist does not address this question, because he knows how to live on every schoolchild, i would like to see our life maximum reflected in literature with maximum truthfulness, the maximum truthfulness of literature and art will contribute to the development of both the answer to the question and how to live further. for real.

i love russia because it is my homeland. smart, wonderful people who live and work here. a russian person for me is a person with honor and dignity. happiness is enjoying every second, every minute spent in this wonderful world. a large family is good, firstly, it’s fun, not only for parents, but also for children. all time is devoted only to family, children, yes, what else do you have? dad, sister, respect each other, listen to each other and always give in. this is what the family is based on, wishes for the year of the family for all families of our country - this is health to everyone, all the best, love, in the family and with loved ones.

well, today is our relationship. with the former allies in the second world war, of course, it couldn’t be worse, but it must be said that at that time they were far from simple, and, of course, the main stumbling block was the opening of a second front, they argued about geography about terms, well, in the end, in june 1944, the second front was opened, and this famous landing in normandy took place. it turns out now 80 years, if i’m not mistaken, well, let’s remember about this landing, and at the same time let’s remember about the bogration operation,

which was carried out by our armed forces. the main thing in this conversation, it seems to me, is that it is accepted on the one hand, on the western side , to overestimate the importance of the landing in normandy and in general the opening of the second front in 1944, almost the main thing an event of the second world war, yes, along with the battle.

the way out of this situation is to create a second front somewhere in the balkans or in france this year, i will repeat this in september forty-one, the germans will return to leningrad, this is the most difficult situation, which means we have already said that in fact the second front only appeared in 1944, at the beginning of june, which means before that, before the opening of the second front, in fact, the most important help from the west.

there may be no need to increase it either, especially since in general it was still non-gratuitous assistance, we then repaid debts according to ullis for a very long time, the position of roosevelt and churchel, they very often disagreed in fact, and roosevelt was much more decisive in favor of assistance to the soviet union, he pushed through the lentlis congress, he also argued with churchel about the opening of a second front, but it was not possible to kill churchel then... in general, the soviet union bore the entire brunt of the main battles, so to speak, on its shoulders, that’s about this position. this

must, of course, be remembered, because, i repeat, his views quite often coincided with in the eyes of stalin, the two of them tried to overcome churchel, it was just quite difficult, he was a very stubborn politician, however, for the sake of objectivity, here we are talking about the attempts of both stalin and roosevelt to convince churchel to open a second front, but for the sake of objectivity we still need to indicate here and that thought. which a number of researchers express, they believe that if we talk about 1942, they believe that most likely this attempt to open a second front on the european continent was unsuccessful for two reasons, well, firstly, according to these researchers, and these are generally military historians and experts, they believe that...

the allies at that time did not have an overwhelming advantage in aviation, that is, they could not dominate the entire field of military operations, here is the second argument, this is also a very important argument, that by the forty -second year the wehrmacht was not yet exhausted, so...

here is a military historian, a very famous military historian, alexey valerievich isaev, he showed, that was worth the money, yes, relatively few explosive components supplied by lindlease allowed the soviet union to produce high-yield shells, because soviet similar factories that produced these chemicals were lost during the german offensive back in 1941, and there was nowhere to get them from if not this, then large calibers of soviet artillery would have been left simply without ammunition,

soldiers, but it was also important for the development of the american economy, because this money went, these funds went to development american economy, american industry, in addition, roosevelt, when he convinced isolationist circles, and here it is important to say that when the land lease act was adopted in the united states, there was a fairly powerful isolationist movement, one american politician even stated that if the soviet union defeated germany, we must help germany, if germany

defeats the soviet union, we must help. to the soviet union, let them kill each other as long as possible. this politician was harry truman. so ruzeld urged that if your neighbor’s house is on fire, and you have a garden hose, lend it to your neighbor before your house catches fire. when the fire is extinguished, the neighbor will return the hose to you, and if it turns out to be damaged, he will pay for it when he saves up some money. this is an understandable belief. but nevertheless, this idea that a neighbor’s house is on fire, and that just sitting with arms folded while it burns is a completely unacceptable thing, rooseville had it like you too. quite rightly noted, a completely sincere conviction, i must say, that roosevelt’s position of course played a big role at the tigeran conference, when at some point stalin simply presented his negotiating partners with a choice: either the negotiations end, or we make a definite decision about opening a second front. many military historians, as you also quite rightly noted, believe that in 1942, yes, the americans were unlikely to join the british, they simply did not have enough amphibious means, yes,

the strength of aviation was not enough. would hardly have time to carry out a successful landing in that normandy, for example, on the other hand, this is the year forty-three, when we need to remember, our western allies had a choice. either continue from africa to italy, and there, after all , the italian boot is onuz, yes, accordingly, the scale of hostilities there is completely different, or still land in france and under pressure from churchill, again churchill, since the english fleet had to play a fundamental role in these operations, the direction from africa to italy was chosen, although in the forty-third year of the second the front, from the point of view of most military historians, could have been, could have already been opened, but by the time the second front opened, despite... despite the disagreements that you spoke about, and i have already said, in general, this is still how fundamental interaction is, after pressure at the tageran conference, you also said this, this decision was made

to open a second front, and it is no coincidence that this opening of a second front coincided with the well-known operation in belarus. well, i ’ll just name the dates, which means that this is the operation in normandy dates from june 6 to august 25, and the operation in belarus took place from june 23 to august 29, that is, the coincidence is generally complete, and yes, this is the result, so to speak, of the agreements that were reached in tahran, after quite complex negotiations, here it must be said that...

uh, we would need to demonstrate that we would attack either in the south or in the extreme, that is, in the north, but not in the center, and where the operation actually took place later begration, and uh 2/3, this is the result of our misinformation, and 2/3 tank divisions were just shifted to the south, so this played... a very important role in the success of operation bugration, as for the allies, then there was also a very well-known operation, especially in the west, called bodygard, this is also a disinformation operation,

it was a very delicate job, i must admit, including with the re-recruitment of german, german agents, there are different versions about the interaction of intelligence services, because some kind of interaction between the allies and... our general staff, of course, existed, this is indisputable, that’s what concerns detailed information, here, in general , both sides were a little dark, and this is understandable, because both the operations were a very difficult task, and well, naturally, a shroud of secrecy is always present in such cases, there is a version that almost the entire so to speak, we received vital information for us through the famous... cambridge five - this is a network, an intelligence network of soviet intelligence in great britain, the well-known names of the three most important agents from the allies, who - played this

game in order to convince, that allies they landed in padikal, well, among them was juan pujol, a spaniard and double agent of germany and britain, and he managed to receive the order -

hitler was destroyed to a large extent after the military coup attempt, but in general, battles are not won by intelligence alone. here it must be said what the soviet army was like in 1944. of course, it seemed and, by the way, it seemed to many american observers that the soviet army was destroyed in 1941. glans shows that a significant part the army commanders, the front commanders, the majority, were people who had experience of defeats in 1941, who learned to fight, yes, from their own experience, bloody experience, but who learned to beat the germans, and who used this experience, including when planning the operation bagration, when the germans were outplayed in all respects, well, it was the biggest defeat in history. according to the army center, yes, yes, yes, it simply ceased

to exist in its previous form, not all the boilers were tied up there the way we wanted soviet command, but in general the center army group was defeated and the nazis had to recreate the front line already on the territory of poland, in fact, and of course it must be said here that despite the defeat at kursk, despite the collapse at stalingrad, the nazis continued very much underestimate the red army, that is, they believed that a large-scale offensive like that... like the one that was carried out, namely operation bagration, not to mention other operations that during soviet times there were called 10 stalinist strikes there in stalin’s time, and from the north from the petsamo kirkinevsk operation to the liberation of crimea in the south, and so the germans believed that large-scale offensive operations were inaccessible to soviet troops, that they could only act on relatively local sections of the front, and if they could act broadly enough, then the germans will be prepared for this, their defensive ones will or will not work, and here they principle...

proved, yes, that, uh, landing, uh, in france is impossible in forty-two, this is a raid on diep, operation anniversary. this is a podcast of russia and the west on the swing of history, today our topic is the landing in normandy. indeed, this was the largest landing operation. the operation was even more large-scale, more than 3 million people took part in total - they crossed the english channel, so to speak, from england to normandy. losses. depended in many ways, naturally, on

the action of aviation, where the aviation bombed efficiently, there the losses were less, where they didn’t hit, and the morning of the landing was foggy, so they missed there, and there naturally, the losses were greater, but just for comparison, this means that these are the biggest losses, there are these sections of the beach, they had their own code names, on one of them - under the code name omaha or omaha, different names, different emphasis is placed here , so there the aircraft missed, so there the americans lost on this section of the beach about 1,700 people killed and about 300 more wounded, on another beach with the subcode name utah 197 killed, there 1,700, here 197. there 3,000 wounded, here only 500 wounded ,

but it must be said that these losses on the same beaches, disturbances, they were dictated, among other things, by such mistakes, for example, for some reason the watercraft were afraid to approach directly to the shore, you can, of course, remember the accompanying losses or something, so there is such a term , this is a civilian population, because, firstly, well, the french, the bombings were long-term, there were no targeted weapons, so to speak, so naturally, a lot of civilians died there, and if we talk about the night itself, so to speak, of the landing, yes, in the morning, then here is the small city of caen, which, according to the plan, they were supposed to take on the first day, although they didn’t succeed, so it was practically erased from the ground, so...

here it must be said about bazenhaur that despite the large superiority in forces, the american command fully considered the possibility of failure , after the successful landing , esenhower’s adjutant found a note in his pocket, yes, you can quote it, a case of defeat, our landing in the cherbourg-le havre area did not lead to the retention of the bridgehead and i withdrew the troops, my

decision to attack at this time in this place based on the information i had, the air force and navy did everything that courage and devotion to duty could do if one were to blame for failure. attempts, then it’s just me, there was no experience of operations of this scale, it was the largest landing operation in world history, and at that time, of course, it was necessary to take into account the possibility of failure, especially since, as in our historiography they sometimes say, that there were some very weak fortifications there and so on, there were fortifications there after all, after all the german troops soon began to be commanded by not the latest german general rommel, as the transfer of forces looked like, but on june 6 they landed on their own. units of equipment, yes, yes, that is, a huge number, that is, in fact , for six people there is one unit of equipment, but these are different equipment, this is from jeeps, yes to there, well, of course, yes, yes, plus

more than 104 tons of supply materials by the thirtieth of june 850.00 people, by the 4th of june more than a million, by the 25th of july almost. as a result, accordingly, the americans managed to make up superiority, because immediately the germans, including thanks to this campaign of disinformation, were unable to throw american forces into the sea, which, in fact, was what hitler insisted on, these fierce battles, i will not describe them all in detail now, but it is necessary to say, here is the city of caen, which you mentioned, it was not possible to capture it at all on the first day, in the end it was captured after july 21, and the first ideas for a breakthrough, deep into the operational space from the bridgehead, they did not succeed, because the germans were still quite seriously resisted, and already in july, accordingly, by the end of july it was successful, and it became clear that the germans would hold the defense of france, that the germans would not hold france, that it was necessary to roll back to further positions, there

were such small details that were included in the plans, but they were not fully envisaged, the hedges seemed like a trifle, but the french. anti-tank barriers are alive, and the germans even for tanks, that is , they counted on the fact that they would be able to use these, as they were called, tanks, yes, these hedges, for defense against american and british troops, they really succeeded, as a result , they began to attach special sharp metal plates to american tanks so that they would cut off these obstacles in order to ensure the breakthrough of their troops against germans. i must say that yes, the advance was absolutely successful, despite all the difficulties that you spoke about, the wave

seemed to roll in, and the germans retreated to the so -called line. this is a line of long-term fortifications that was created back in the thirty-sixth, in my opinion, forty, continued to develop, yes, it continued to develop naturally, on this line, so to speak, the allies were stopped, the wave, so to speak, of the offensive stopped, and then, that means, a new one was involved the plan, here is the garden market, the so-called one, it was developed by the film marshal mannomery, already an englishman, it was his. the idea, which means the idea was fueled, that is, naturally, they wanted, inspired by success, they generally talked about what the soldiers said, the generals said that by christmas forty of which we will return home, that is, we will occupy berlin and so on, and this...