not only in terms of profitability, they can use these bonds for various transactions, attract short-term capital from the same central bank in the form of collateral, and so on, so if tomorrow the state does not pay for these securities, the banking system will exist. will not be. the abbreviation dia, which you mentioned, is a deposit insurance agency, this is the same 1.4 million rubles that the state obliges us in any bank, no matter where you place your deposits. if this bank is a participant in the deposit insurance system, then the agency deposit insurance, it will fulfill its obligations, but the state will compensate you 1.4 million in each bank, so here, of course, we have discussed the issue with bonds, it. for those who are really

smarter and more patient in their expectations from the stock market, they are realistic, because the returns that we have described are large enough to be simply interesting, absolutely large, they are relatively interesting, because they 3-4% higher than inflation, and i can say that a year ago i was sitting in this chair minister of finance of the russian federation.

with smart money, namely money that is invested in the debt obligations of the state and companies, thank you for coming, a very interesting conversation, thank you, mikhail, thank you, i’m very glad, hello, dear friends, this is a podcast, life is wonderful, and i’m with you , its presenter, writer alexey varlamov. today i am alone in this studio, and my heroine will be the wonderful, one of the most fantastic russian women of the silver age, nina ivanovna petrovskaya. i don't know how much this name is familiar to you, but i assure you that her fate is extremely curious and instructive. sometimes she was compared to nastasya filippovna from dostoevsky's novel idiot. sometimes. scarman, well, or scarman, but

it seems to me that the most accurate parallel that could be drawn here would be to remember her mother-in-law, nina zarechnaya from chekhov’s seagull, that’s exactly the fate of this wonderful, sensitive girl who decided to become an actress, who fell in love with an elderly, talented writer, and whose life, in general, turned out to be broken, not established, it was this chekhov play that predicted the fate of nina petrovskaya herself, and in general the fact that in this play chekhov carefully looks at this new phenomenon that arose in russian culture, in russian history, russian decadence, russian modernity, that’s all deeply not by chance. so, nina petrovskaya, we know very little about her origins, in the spring of 1879 in...

yes, later he was one of the politicians and public figures who led the cadet movement in russia after the revolution emigrated, became such a prominent freemason, lived a very long life, so he was in love with nina, proposed to her, but she refused him and married another man, which later, by the way, was quite sad in her fate, in general her fate was very a lot, in childhood, one might say, in youth. in childhood about some missed

opportunities, about some probably wrong paths that she took, if only it is possible now, more than 100 years later, to talk about these wrong choices, like... which she made in life, but nevertheless however, she married sergei alekseevich sokolov, he was a young lawyer who decided to become a poet, the silver age, everyone was creating, everyone was writing poetry, everyone understood that creativity is the highest, the most beautiful thing in life, nina petrovskaya’s future husband also decided to take up poetry, but god did n’t give him much talent, he couldn’t do it with poetry, then he found...

it didn’t work out, perhaps because she was such a maximalist by nature, she reaching out for what was real talented, to what was truly bright, she herself studied literature, wrote poetry herself, wrote prose herself, but obviously, later vladislav khodosevich wrote wonderfully about this in an article called the end of renata, it is with this article that a brilliant book of memoirs opens hadasevich necropolis, so here’s the move...

writers, eagerly respond to everything that happens in literature, make personal acquaintances, play a role in the literary life of the environment, communicate with poets, communicate from that time, directly participate in it, and as if to burn in this fire, in this bonfire, in this she saw, she felt her calling, and the first poet who had a very great personal impact on her was konstantin balmont. “balmont at that time was really such a literary star, he was very popular, fans and admirers of his work crowded around him, at some point our heroine turned out to be one of them. she fell in love with balmont, balmont

reciprocated her feelings, if that’s possible express, but that was clearly not what nina counted, nina wanted to be exceptional, but for balmont she was just one of..." of his fans, this absolutely did not satisfy her, they soon broke up, but as khodosevich later wrote, this ecstasy, well, even if not of first love, but the first love affair with a great russian poet, this was the first love affair that arose in her life, it left a very bitter aftertaste, a kind of hangover, later she spoke mockingly about balbonte, spoke badly, she actually... of course, but didn't know how to forgive and she didn’t want to forgive men for the insults that they inflicted on her, but she was very attractive, life was still ahead, and this mistake taught her, it didn’t teach her, whether it was a mistake or not, you can

argue about this endlessly, but so or otherwise, in her female destiny, in her poetic destiny, in her life-creativity, the next hero appears, her next... chosen one turned out to be the legendary poet of the silver age, one of the key figures of the then literary process, the son of mathematics professor nikolai bugaev, boris nikolaevich bugaev, which much more, of course, everyone knows him as andrei bely, he took this pseudonym, andrei bely, it was with this name that he entered russian literature as a poet and prose writer.

i could not believe that this selfish, narcissistic narcissist could write such bright, interesting poetry. as for the white man, here, as it seems to me, the situation was a little more complicated or maybe... on the contrary simpler, because the white poet and the white man were much closer to each other, the white man was a very interesting person, but the white one was unusual, if balmont’s attitude towards the same nina petrovskaya towards other women was completely, well, roughly speaking , consumerist and it was clear what he wanted from her, then as far as andrei bely was concerned, he perceived her not just as an adorer , not just as a fan, he in some... sense perceived her as his student, as his adept, and here the situation, in

a certain sense, turned upside down, now nina rather wanted love, wanted some kind of ordinary human happiness, and bely in general, i wasn’t ready for this, white wasn’t ready for this strived, bely had generally different views on the nature of man, on the nature of the relationship between man and talent, man and god, a different view on the relationship between a man and... therefore nina, who turned out to be, well, so to speak, with all her unusualness and fantasticality, it turned out to be too ordinary for bely, too earthly, their correspondence, and in general people of the silver age loved to write letters, and pistols of the silver age, everything we know about this is the correspondence of blok and bely, correspondence between rosenov and florentsky, and many different other correspondences can be named, so nina petrovskaya... and andrei bely also wrote letters to each other, but later nina ivanovna solemnly

drowned all these letters in lake saimaa in finland, if we carry out this parallel between nina petrovskaya and nina zarechnaya, and, accordingly , between andrei bely, with whom nina petrovskaya was in love, and the writer trigorin, with whom nina zarechnaya fell in love, chekhov shows trigorin as a person. quite cynical, pragmatic, perfectly understanding what he expects from a young beautiful woman, then andrei bely in this sense was absolutely not like trigorin, and andrei bely had his own ideas about life, so he writes her such a long instructive letter in which he discusses about symbolism, talks about theory, talks about some tricky, smart things that might have happened. would be of interest to a postgraduate student at some university who is writing

his dissertation, but they were unlikely to be curious a young girl who was simply in love and was ready to give herself to this wonderful poet, one way or another bely at some point simply got tired of her, one can assume that her passionarity was such a bundle of not only the beauty of charm, but a bundle energy, and... energy of all kinds, yes, femininity was overflowing in her, but one can assume that she would have been simply charged with this femininity, like an electric current, when bely was shocked by this current, then in general he preferred this plot get rid of it, and as she later ironically wrote that - andrei bely’s mother ordered him to leave me for nizhny novgorod during holy week, and bely really left her, although later they were the same...

valery bryusov was also not only a poet, but if bely, andrei bely rather shied towards theory, then bryusov, despite the fact that he was not alien to theory, and bryusov was in many ways one of the creators, and such intellectual creators of russian symbolism and russian savagery in general, and bryusov , as it were, for himself from childhood decided that he would precisely the leader of russian symbolism, in a sense... the leader of russian literature, but it was no coincidence that bryusov was probably born into a merchant family and he had all these

theoretical ideas, all these utopian dreams of his, they were often clothed in very concrete form, and bryusov, in addition to the fact that he was a poet, he was a publisher, and he was a very good publisher, and he really published very important magazines of the era of symbolism, in particular the magazine scorpio. it was very difficult to get in. bryusov was very strict about literature in general. he was a real meter. and he really believed that this was service to literature. the highest thing that can be in life is work, it’s not even work, but it’s a person’s way of existence, which requires everything from him, so to be published by bryusov was such a highest dream, it was the highest level of dedication for the young authors of that time, and nina petrovskaya’s husband, this is the same sergei

sokolov, sergei krechitov, with whom i started ours. the story, of course, did not pass by these bryusov standards, but the fact that krechitov created his own publishing house, the publishing house was called grif, which began to compete with bryusov’s scorpio, this angered valery yakovlevich very much, no one likes competition, so his attitude towards this house and this family was initially, well , wary at best, but rather even negative.

and the fox that would surround the construction of his novel, he needed, and it can be assumed that the fate of nina petrovskaya greatly inspired him as a creator, as a writer, it was then that he conceived a novel that subsequently brought him very great fame, and which is still considered one of the best russian novels of the silver

age, it was translated into many languages, prokofiev wrote an opera based on this novel. the novel is called fiery angel, here is the love triangle that underlies this novel, the action takes place in the middle ages in europe, bruce in general was very fond of history, mixing times, transferring some modern events to the middle ages or vice versa, calling up the spirits of the middle ages from the depths of centuries put them in the decorations are modern, all this was a very typical thing for the silver age - so accepted, here - bryusov, inspired by this story of nina petrovskaya andrei bely, as if humanly intervenes in it, lives it, and then he needs all this for this in order to write a novel, that is, in essence, nina petrovskaya initially

appears on bryusov’s horizon as, well, if one can put it, as a muse of some kind, but the muse is not in such a ... in the high sense of the word, as it was in pushkin, no, that's it a more consumerist, yes, more pragmatic attitude towards the person who will inspire him to create an artistic image. at the same time, it should be noted that in general, nina petrovskaya was not some kind of fool, one cannot say that she was just a naive victim, but in the hands of all these poetic geniuses of that time who surrounded her, this is what she actually wanted , she was striving for this, she can...

well, such a connection, such an axumaron, but it seems to me that it may very accurately reflect what was happening then. and so how this novel began: bryusov unexpectedly became a frequent visitor to the family of krechchatov, sokolov and nina petrovskaya, who were very fond of spiritualistic seances. in general, this was also such a common phenomenon for the silver age, everyone really loved to indulge in spiritualism, summoned some kind of spirits, sometimes some very funny ones were arranged. treated, that is, they sat down around the table, took each other’s hands, began to call on some spirits there, but the spirits did not want to appear, and bryusov sternly said that apparently one of those present here

counteracts what is happening and looked sternly at nina petrovskaya, and perhaps it was nida herself, then a version arose that nothing was working out, because here is a bad house, somewhere there is some house in the area in the moscow region , in this house, it means the newlyweds’ family lives. who constantly hear at night some sounds, some voices, some, in general, something incomprehensible is happening in this house, they prayed, help us get rid of this, then, then, bryusov said, bryusov, he considered himself like that a warlock, a magician, the heir of the great bruce, who even in the time of peter i, such a warlock, came to moscow, and bryusov believed that he inherited this warlock talent, so that means bruce. gathered this whole company, they went to this estate near moscow, where the newlyweds lived , which also means that they began to conduct some kind of speritic session there, and nothing

worked out for them, because it turned out that there was actually no knocking, grunting and no there were no mystical voices in this house, but simply - the owner of this house wanted these kick out the newlyweds, they somehow didn’t suit him there, and for this he played this whole thing out, this is the fact, when some serious, tragic funny... walked hand in hand through life according to literature, this is for the silver age also very typical, but the result of all these dates, all these visits by bryusov to princess petrovskaya’s house was that they began to correspond, and then they began to meet, they began to love, real love in every sense of the word, in its entirety this word, which is what nina actually wanted subsequently. it’s a little blurry, i can’t vouch for the accuracy of the quote, but its meaning was that she later recalled that bryusov poured her a tart glass of wine in which

his passion was dissolved, she drank this glass and was poisoned by this glass for 7 years , in the summer of 1905, in this fatal summer for russia, yes, the summer when the first russian revolution was taking place. when the events of the russian-japanese war took such a tragic turn, it was then that their romance began, and they left for finland on lake saimaa, and finland, as we remember, then part of the russian empire, it was there, at bryusov’s request, on lake saimaa that nina petrovskaya drowned andrei bely’s letters, and they had such a happy, beautiful, wonderful love. after which they return to moscow, well, in general, bryusov got everything he wanted to get, in

principle, reasoning a little cynically like this, he didn’t need nina anymore, and here she, in a sense , came for the second or third time on the same rake, when these great poets, these great masters of love, with whom she is so... bryusov had what is called a don juan list, in this list he divided all the women who came to his

attention according to rankings, yes, i was in love with this one, this one was in love with me, i just paid attention to this one and he wrote only about one woman: i loved her, this woman was nina petrovskaya, that is, finland, lake saimaa, this crazy summer, june... the years still did not go through their roots for him, she launched into his heart, and so without a trace, after all, she launched these , he just couldn’t part with her, she, of course, she wanted more, she, of course, wanted the continuation of this love, and the passion that flared up there, well, as, probably, in the life of any woman, demanded, she probably assumed that some other steps would follow. but bryusov himself was no longer ready for these other steps, so a whole volume of letters has been preserved, it was published not so long ago, completely published in our country, and with these

letters. also such a very interesting story, when you read this correspondence, in general there is a feeling of awkwardness, because this is a very intimate correspondence, because in this correspondence, nina petrovskaya simply really bares, tears at her soul in the most literal sense of the word, and this is by far the best thing she wrote, all her literary, all her human, all her feminine talent, it’s in these letters, but it’s like this poems by marina tsvitaeva, maybe... too bold a comparison, well, my dear, what i did to you, i unclenched both hands at once, and yesterday i leveled with the chinese state, she expressed this in prose, and poetic prose, the prose is absolutely wonderful, she didn’t want to for these letters to be published, but bryusov wanted, bryusov left a special will, where he said that their correspondence should be published through, there was a very

prudent person, that means 10 years after his or her death, but who later dies, this correspondence should be published, the editorial board, he was a professional, a real publisher, which means the editorial board, which will be involved in the publication of these letters , should include who you think is nina petrovskaya’s first husband, the same one, they later divorced, by the way, yes, and bruso, to say, took her away from her husband, but nevertheless, the husband should join the editorial board, of course, balmont, of course, andrei bely, yes, all of these. people must definitely engage in editing there, well, not editing, in any case, make sure that this correspondence is correctly published, but bryusov could not imagine that 10 years after his death, and her death, this would already be the thirties in the stalinist soviet union, no one was interested in nina petrovskaya, in general, these letters lay in the archive for a long, long time,

only in the two thousand years... were published, by the way, very well published with very deep, serious comments, a wonderful introductory article in the publishing house new literary review, if anyone wants to read such a real epistolary novel, a tragic novel of incredible intensity, then i highly recommend finding this book, it makes you feel awkward when you read it, but at the same time you understand that this is really a shining example, this is what the silver age was, how people lived, how... it’s just really sacrificed their lives, these letters clearly show these fluctuations from despair to hope, they either parted, then got back together, then they met in moscow on nikitsky boulevard, then they went to paris, then again she showered him with reproaches and she couldn’t forgive him that this way of life, this kitchen, this cooking, this playing cards on sundays, what bryusov really loved to do and

what he found from... he killed nina, that is, at the end of this novel nina dies, in general it is clear that how literary character, he no longer needs her, and as a prototype of this character , probably too, nina was, of course, furious, she was a very harsh woman, and there is evidence from bryusovo, he writes about this to zennaidia nikolaevna, gipios, with whom he was also associated such a very whimsical relationship, like all symbolists with each other. bresov writes that once in

one of...

a young and interesting poet, not of such talent, of course, as the white balmont or bryusov, but nevertheless, such a noteworthy, creative personality, he was the nephew of mikhail kuzmin, another very large, important poet of the silver age, it was with him that nina began an affair, with him nina went to italy, subsequently auslander also wrote some kind of work of art about this, and nina wrote some stories. that is, it’s also very characteristic, here they live everything that they live straight into literature, and the impression is that they lived, and khodosevich wrote about this, not just in order to live, but in order to ensure that what they we lived, it was like today people take selfies, yes, here we go, so they took selfies in much the same way, all this

went into literature, but another thing is that someone managed to put it together, someone managed to not perish, not to disappear, but for nina petrovskaya, unfortunately, all these experiments for...

then she moved to italy, she never returned to russia and until the end of her days she lived abroad, but the end of her life was very sad, because in europe no one needed her, all these experiences, experiments, which she did to herself did not pass without a trace, she grew old early, her health was ruined, she could not find a means of subsistence, plus the first world war begins, the revolution begins, in general, she really... is living the most terrible existence, she still has a sick younger sister in her arms, whom she is forced to look after, so the only such light in the windows in her life appears in 1923, when a publishing house opened in berlin

the day before, a newspaper opened the day before, headed by the writer alexei nikolaevich tolstoy, who invited nina petrovskaya to as a literary collaborator, gave her a job, gave her an income, and this cooperation really meant to her... it was an openly pro-soviet newspaper, it was made with money from the kremlin, everyone in emigration understood this very well, it was cooperation with the newspaper the day before that actually put the tolstoys faced with a choice: either you are with us, or you are with them, but the emigration told him no,

then he returns to the soviet union, and here his very interesting soviet fate takes shape, but she did not follow him to the soviet union, perhaps no one went there and didn’t call, and no one was waiting for her there and no one needed her. she goes and returns to paris, where they look at her very askance, precisely because she has tarnished herself, tarnished her reputation by collaborating with a pro-soviet newspaper, so no opportunities for collaborating in the emigrant press no longer exist for her, she actually finds herself in a situation boycott in isolation, she writes letters, she asks for help, do they give her some crumbs? but this is all nothing, this is a terrible nothingness, this is hopelessness, then it dies she has in her arms her beloved younger sister, the only one who connected her with life, and after that life

completely loses its meaning for her, in 1928 nina petrovskaya committed suicide in paris, in a poor hotel, soon after that she wrote a small... white wrote those same memoirs about her fate , necropolis, and the end of renata, but in a sense it can be assumed that khodosevich loved her very much, and for her he was a young man, she never took him seriously, but this is unspoken. khadosevich’s unrequited love, this grief about her female fate, about a person who loved literature so much, loved people, literature so much, that he recklessly gave himself up , became just like this... material for the creative fate of other people, ended up in

general in oblivion. this is a story that personally touches me very much, i have a novel called the mental wolf, and where i think about this relationship between people who create and people who unwittingly or voluntarily turn out to be material for creativity, in many ways, the fate of nina petrovskaya remains for me some kind of reproach, a reproach, i really want to now 100 years later... to tell her gratitude for what she was, for the life she lived, for how she gave herself away about yourself, without thinking or judging her, bow to her, dear friends, this was a podcast about the life of the wonderful, and you and i talked about a truly wonderful woman, nina petrovskaya. and the writer alexey varlamov was with you.

hello, this is a podcast deception of substances with you, its host is me, olesya nosova, editor-in-chief komsomol truth, famous endocrinologist zukhra pavlova. zukhra, here my friends and relatives watched our podcast and made a remark to us, we smile very little, well, as i said, we talk about serious things, of course, we... talk about it with serious faces, but it seems to me that we must improve with pleasure, but the second second important remark, we still probably need to constantly say that all those recommendations that are heard in our program, they are still advisory in nature, and if we are talking about some substance, then before prescribing it for yourself, you still need to go to the doctor, well , of course, it’s better to have a medical examination, so that they tell you everything that you can and cannot do, absolutely. yes, well, now we will talk about iodine, are there people who

categorically, under no circumstances, should not have iodized salt or anything else. there are people who absolutely cannot consume iodine, they even prescribe an iodine-free diet, well, for example, when a person has hyperfunction, that is, excessive synthesis of thyroid hormones, this is definitely you should not consume iodine, iodized salt, any medications containing iodine, or even food. in which there is a lot of iodine, but how can you recognize it in yourself, or you won’t understand it, well, it won’t light up, and you can’t eat iodine with a light bulb like that, you have hyperfunction, if a person is preparing for iodine therapy, let’s say he had serious illness, cancer of the thyroid gland, he was operated on, and iodine therapy is required, then the doctor will definitely tell the patient: you are now eating completely without iodine, indicate which foods contain more iodine, which should be completely excluded, be sure to make sure that the salt is non-iodized, then you also can’t

use iodine. in other cases, in most situations, iodine is really needed, and the problem, which has already become so enormous on a global scale, is related to iodine deficiency. we have very, very many countries around the world where there is a deficiency, a natural deficiency of iodine. by the way, our country, well, probably 90 percent, consists of regions. who are iodine deficient, so this is very important for us, but why is it scary? iodine deficiency? oh, it’s easier to say than it’s not scary, iodine is a substance that a person needs in life, for example, those same thyroid hormones cannot be synthesized if there is no iodine or there is a deficiency of it, there will be few of them, and thyroid hormones - this is what determines, well, let's say, the level of our metabolism on... how actively all the mechanisms in our body will work. well, for example,

as an example, when a person is born in a situation, a child is born in a situation where the mother had iodine deficiency, he does not these hormones are enough, such a child will be born with a pathology of the nervous system, he will have poorly developed intelligence, up to cretinism, this is often perceived as a dirty word, but in fact, critinism is a diagnosis if... the child did not receive sufficient iodine in the embryonic period and thyroid hormone, its intelligence will never be sufficient, and unfortunately, this situation is very similar to what you and i are preparing, and we forgot to put eggs in it, we baked it, it is of poor quality, it will not be possible to mix in eggs and change the quality this pie, here it’s the same thing, if a child is born, then the situation will not be improved, well, it won’t be normal, yes, of course, he will be treated, he will be given the necessary substances, but

it will not be possible to change the level of his intelligence if defects of the nervous system have developed, it won’t work either, and what’s more, his entire body will be functioning. not so good, everything will be in such, well, to put it mildly, decline, well, that is, it depends on the health of the mother, it depends on the health of the mother, on how she eats, whether the deficit is replenished hormones, whether they are replenished, during pregnancy and ideally before a person becomes pregnant, go to an antenatal clinic, talk about reproductive plans and undergo the so-called. gravidar preparation, that is, preparation for pregnancy, so that all deficiencies are replenished, so that she does not have any hypothyroidism or any other problems, then, uh, let’s say, the quality of the body, yes, will be much higher, that is, the mother will be able to give the child everything that he

needs is absolutely fundamentally important, the child will have fewer health problems, then there is at least, at least that concerns. lack of iodine, of course, yes, because again, sometimes we notice that one child quickly grasps everything, the other slowly grasps everything, often this is due precisely to the fact that during pregnancy this child did not receive enough of what was necessary, namely associated with iodine, yes mom, the synthesis of thyroid hormones during pregnancy practically doubles to provide for both your body and the fetus’s body, but if this does not happen... it happens against the background iodine deficiency, then the child will suffer for the rest of his life, yes, unfortunately, this is so, so it is extremely important, uh, well, as far as i know, in soviet russia there was a whole program for the judification of salt, in general, it made it possible to cope with iodine deficiency , salt iodization helped solve the problem in more than 100

countries, but he has such a map from the world health organization, where countries are indicated... from iodized salt, that is, salt is iodized at the state level, that is, it is impossible to sell iodized salt salt is possible, but only in pharmacies, here again is what we started with, or it may be on the shelves, but everything should be very clear - for the buyer, if a person cannot have iodized salt, non-iodized salt should be available, but for everyone else salt should be iadated, this greatly prevents iodine deficiency disease. which develop against the background of iodine deficiency, and absolutely failed when she said that in soviet russia this problem was solved, yes, in the seventies, soviet doctors stated that they had won iodine deficiency, that’s precisely because they supplied poisoned salt to all regions, we have regions with a more pronounced

problem of iodine deficiency, the northern caucasus, siberia, including the krasnoyarsk territory , which especially stands out, and the sverdlovsk region, they say there are three... . there are, it seems to me, even more people with iodine deficiency, because there is also an additional problem, such as an excess of iodine, the latter is able to remove iodine faster, so sibi, the krasnoyarsk region , including tuva, very, very much this problem was there. so big, with a large amount of fluoride in the water, iodine deficiency is more pronounced, and there is one more problem. associated with the same in siberia, this is a deficiency of selenium, we know that iodine is absorbed and metabolized much better, all processes go better when there is enough selenium, again in the same siberia with selenium, everything is also not very good, but in chukotka everything great, because there's a lot of fish, there's a lot of fish...