on embankments, bridges and ships. the broadcast starts at 10:45 moscow time. and in an hour on our air there is a festive channel dedicated to navy day. stay with us. that's all for now. see you. and we came to the greek land, they took us to where they serve their god, and we did not know whether we were in heaven or on earth, for there is no such spectacle and such beauty on earth, we only know that god dwells there with people, services theirs are better. than in all other countries,

we cannot forget that beauty, for every person, if he tastes something sweet, will not take it then gorky, so in the tale of bygone years, the ambassadors of prince vladimir describe their impressions of visiting the church of hagia sophia in constantinople. hello, today we have gathered our thoughts about the baptism of russia. hello, dear friends. hello, vladimirovich, maxim kozlov, chairman of the educational committee of the russian orthodox church, vladislav igorovich petrushko, doctor of church history, professor, i am vladimir ligoida, we are starting, it is no coincidence that i brought this famous quote, because it says that sergei sergeevich overentsev called it a theological argument, beauty as a theological argument, so i would like to start with this, why exactly this category is there about...

at this beginning, the aesthetic is immediately present in full voice in full force. indeed, the cathedral of sophia in constantinople, the main temple of the eastern christian world, at that time, of course, the greatest most beautiful temple of the entire christian world, amazes russians with the totality of all the beautiful things that happened there, and architectural...

sophia of constantinople, simply from the harmony of architectural forms and the grandeur of the remains of frescoes and mosaics. and the fact that our very simple compatriots were the first to come into contact with the beautiful, felt this beauty. it says. that the soul

of a christian, according to zertelian, who always seeks the good and right, finds this good and right in the beautiful too. but you can still say that this is, well, not only an aesthetic feeling, because all this creates a feeling of atmosphere, yes, when they say: god is with people here, that’s what touched me with confidence, beauty, as a theological argument, is certainly possible... to use a word that has now become widely used among modern theologians, theoesthetics, the aesthetics of the divinely beautiful, and that beauty that, well, i don’t know if it saves the world according to dostoevsky, but definitely raises the soul to the heavenly, heavenly world, and which in this sense becomes a step for the meeting of the human soul with god, and for this you don’t need to be an intellectual, you don’t necessarily need to read a lot of books.

we know from byzantine sources that this is it was a fairly common practice when some barbarians, yes, as our ancestors were considered, the rameis, the byzantines, were brought to worship in the church of st. sophia, specifically to impress, yes, so that they would feel , first of all, through this beauty, perhaps not even that much. they felt some religious feelings, yes, and above all, the greatness of the byzantine empire, which certainly sought to somehow, so to speak, extend its power over these peoples, but here we see something else, i was impressed not, by the power of the empire, not its, so to speak, greatness, strength, it was

our seemingly truly semi-wild ancestors, they felt this touch of god, here we recall the text of the book of acts, where the holy spirit: walked, as we know, yes, in one of the episodes on those not yet baptized, on pagans, romans, here, and here is something similar, yes, here is some kind of touch of god’s grace on the hearts of these people, it happened, these seemingly uneducated people, they felt that main the meaning of worship, which, in fact, was revealed to them in the cathedral of the saint sophia, they felt it and memory, yes, cultural memory, records it. like how such a central argument is repeated, yes beauty, beauty, then here we are right we can really go up to this pseudo-quote or quote from dostoevsky, we can draw a straight line, but that is, for russian culture this becomes the core, i don’t i know of another european culture, where the category of beauty, maybe

simply due to lack of education, i don’t know, but for it to be explicitly present like that, how is such a formative culture, and at the same time we understand that russia is on the stretch. for many centuries it was not a predominantly theological state and the russian church was not the center of theological thought, but the beautiful begins to be created virtually from the beginning with the history of russia as a christian state, here is the sophia of kiev, the sophia of novgorod, to the churches of the intercession of the nerl, to the churches of moscow russia to that medieval iconography russian, which becomes. and the successor and development of the byzantine tradition , this is the perception of the beautiful church is there really some tangible contribution of the russian church to the treasury of universal orthodoxy, on the other hand, the gift of universal

orthodoxy to the russian church? well, speaking about the baptism of russia, of course one cannot help but talk about the personality of prince vladimir, realizing that, so to speak, a lot of water has passed under the bridge and a lot, probably... it’s difficult to verify, but here is lav igorevich, here that we can absolutely clearly know about prince, well , naturally, in the context of that topic, by the way, this monument, yes, which we now have next to the red square, and next to the kremlin, what vladimir accomplished is indeed a real feat, a feat of first of all overcoming oneself, yes, and it is no coincidence that if we again turn to the tale of bygone years, there the car bless in vladimir’s mouth such words that he how the beast lived and thanks god for enlightening him here, transforming him, because really vladimir, who, uh, as we see, again on the pages of the chronicle in his youth, rules russia - this is something

terrible, yes, this is i apologize for interrupting here, but can i say that hypothetically, that he was there when he became a prince and if he died there a few years later, then in fact in memory... i didn’t know, and yet, it would seem, yes, that is, a fundamental personal change is taking place, first of all, well, for starters, we see a certain outpouring of paganism, yes, suddenly the same vladimir, who carries out a reform of paganism, yes, establishes some all-russian cult led by perun, he,

in fact, does not overthrow it, and he brings russia to the light, the gospel to christianity, this is , of course, in general both a feat and a miracle, until in the end, this will probably never be clear to us, these are some truly incomprehensible destinies of god, but they are accomplished through specific people, and it seems to me, on the other hand, it is natural in... i don’t understand how the death penalty is possible in this case , this is very deep, yes, very,

maybe in some ways childish, but very sincerely perceived christian faith, in this we see, in general, just the moment, as it seems to me, of a very reliable narrative of the chronicle, because often, especially in the soviet years, everything was reduced to certain political construction, to the fact that vladimir introduces russia, so to speak, into the european concert. of our history with all her might, princess olga, who was unable to raise him

as a christian when he was a small child, nevertheless managed to tell him quite a lot about what she was looking for and found herself, so that after decades, and we know how strong and important they are for a person’s personality, childhood memories played a role in the turning point that he experienced. we also know how this one the tradition of faith during the years of the atheistic government was passed on from grandmother to grandchildren to granddaughters, often bypassing the generation of children, and also by no means always manifested itself immediately, but how many people then came to church and came to church, i just have personal immediate memories of what they were taught by small children, those trips to the temple that were with their grandmother are possible. that princess olga is the equal-to-the-apostles patron saint of all orthodox russian

grandmothers who wonderfully bring their grandchildren, granddaughters, great-grandsons and great-granddaughters to the church with maxim here the church tradition calls the church vladimir is called equal to the apostles and this is what it means equal to the apostles in the tradition and the church veneration of saints is called: holy equal to the apostles nina, enlightener of grunia, st. gregory, enlightener of armenia, there in modern times , st. nicholas of japan, the founder of orthodoxy in japan or there , other devotees of piety of modern times, in this sense it can be said that... princess olga , prince vladimir together personally carried out that

revolution without which it would not have become possible the conversion of the kievites of the original christian community of russia, because the example of the prince, the example of the first man in the state, the first man in the city, and then, and even now, he was, of course, exceptionally great, and what... europe, making up and so on, is very people need to be introduced somewhere, to be supplied, they saw the living faith of a changed person, therefore some kind. obvious coercion during the baptism of the kievans, mass

coercion, or at least dissatisfaction with what, of course, they were forced to do prompted prince vladimir, did not take place, therefore there would be no pagan renaissance, no russian julian apostate after prince vladimir, and this is thanks to his feat, he is truly in this sense a great equal to the apostles, that is , we can say that in comparison with many there other... european peoples, that's exactly baptism, we had such a soft version, although the chronicle says again what it means that such a phrase is put into the mouth, in my opinion, of prince vladimir, correct me if i'm... wrong, that who won't come tomorrow to be baptized on the dnieper, he is not my friend, no, it is present, but on the other hand, this phrase should not be seen as some kind of threat, aggression, yes, we must remember, after all, that the power of the prince at that time was largely patriarchal , the prince was perceived as the head of a certain family, clan, huge, of the entire russian people, the people trusted the prince’s choice in many ways,

this is one thing, the second is such an amazing moment, because... neither sources, nor folklore, yes, nor any foreign sources , they don’t tell us anything about forced baptism russia, we know very well that, say, charlemagne exterminated half of the saxons there in order to baptize the other half, yes, we don’t see anything like that, but on the other hand, however, maybe this was the reason that paganism lasted for quite a long time christianity still existed somewhere on the outskirts, but at the same time it was quite soft and peaceful...

that, of course, in novgorod, too, christianity took root quite easily and peacefully and began to develop. but the figure of prince vladimir, as it is perceived there in russian history, in russian culture. so what can we say here? well, church veneration of prince vladimir took place, of course, throughout most of the history of the russian church, he is not the first russian famous saint, but there is no doubt that his feat is recognized. not only as a feat of state building, but as a feat of holiness, this is something that is inextricably linked with the historical path of the russian church. in this sense, it cannot be said that this is some kind of new political glorification, accomplished retroactively, not based on personal properties, but based on the scale and results

of prince vladimir’s activities, he did not become a hero of modern culture. prince vladimir. but this may also be affected by the fact that in russian literature and there in other types of art in literature, especially of the classical age, they preferred not to write about saints in literary literature, partly the censorship did not welcome such coverage, partly it was the understanding that, well,

secular literature is about something else, it’s not about saints like... the heroes of novels, that’s right, but the lives then were already beyond the culture of the highest, the culture of high society, the church named after dimitri of rostov - this is still the clergy, monasticism, christianism, from the part of the philistinism, but certainly not the milieu of anegin, lensky, pechorin, and especially the heroes of dostoevsky, if possible, i would add here , that...

large-scale construction of churches in honor of st. vladimir, the vladimir cathedral in kiev, in khersanes, tauride, sevastopol, the admiral's cathedral, many others, yes, the churches are dedicated to prince vladimir, that is, vladimir is still a figure who, well so, in in general, it is constantly present in the spotlight, and this is the historical source that russia remembers during the imperial period, but i would like to remind you, century, yes, these are words of praise to prince vladimir, written by metropolitan hilarion, iakov, mnikh, this is a time when, apparently, constantinople was not very inclined to glorify prince vladimir, there are separate reasons for this, so to speak, but we see that in russia the epoch-making significance of his step is fully realized, and these

authors even claim that although miracles maybe not from relics of vladimir, but do not be embarrassed by this, because many ancient saints do not work miracles, but that makes vladimir equal to the apostles no less holy, like constantine and helen, like olga and vladimir. were perceived in russia as the same sacred couple, equal to the apostles, and this was recognized very early in ancient russian literature, this was emphasized in every possible way even before the official glorification. on navy day, this is our fleet, which stands guard over our maritime borders, which means that the whole power rejoices today. congratulations on navy day, hurray! hurray, hurray, the team will get ready for action on the ovral, there is a perescope to raise,

the tehyan fleet is solving the problems of ensuring military security in the asian-tehyan region. the caliber winged complex is capable of hitting a target with an accuracy of up to 5 m. we simply cannot do without a fleet; in no era could we do without a fleet. the navy became. such a demonstration of the economic military power of the country, guys, in twos, the marine corps, it performs tasks in three elements, it’s on land, on water, from the air, no matter how scared you are there, you struggle, you go, because you know that people are waiting there, today on the first day, the beauty is on again... your potapov, he’s not a builder works and is not

a doctor, he catches murderers, bandits every day, our department is now in good standing, not without help, not beautiful, i saw there was a murder, i greet you, senora cagliostra, i... tomorrow on the first, here is the russian spirit , here it smelled like russia, we are used to seeing mikhail zadorny on stage, at concerts or some other

events, when he was in character, so to speak, he kept his face, he did not allow anyone in the broad sense into the family, it was a strictly closed territory, for the first time we have the opportunity to see him the way only those closest to him, his daughter and wife, saw him. lively - there were always gatherings, and you were sitting in dad’s place, it so happened, yes, unique footage, previously inaccessible to outsiders, there was this difficult period when he was being treated abroad, mikhail nikolaevich’s sister, lena, and his first wife velta, faced misfortune woe they united, the three of them lived in the same apartment, cooked in the same kitchen and took turns coming to mikhail on duty, the daughter turns to him, realizing that he is somewhere... there and he hears her, don’t take it as a posthumous empty compliment, i have fatherly feelings more important, more likely at this sad

moment, you were god, for some reason more needed, our exclusive - the family archive of mikhail zadorny, exclusive with dmitry borisov, on saturday on the first, we... today gathered our thoughts about the baptism of russia, protyry maxim kozlov, vladislav igorich petrushko, i am vladimir ligoida, we continue, i had a course on russian culture for foreign students, i read, and there i told them about this window to europe, what if i have this, somehow i never thought of cutting a window in something before, so , this something must be, that is, there must be some kind of wall, and it turns out that again, if we turn to the tale of bygone years, where it is clearly shown that the choice is already... happening not only between christianity and other religions, as if we they said today, but between roman and constantinople christianity, it turns out that this is the wall that prince vladimir

began to build, so the attitude towards western christianity at that time, well, can be seen at least in the example of anna yaroslavna, who was married off to france, that’s who they are.

in the near future after the baptism of russia , it becomes possible for the appearance of such people as anthony, theodosius of pecharsky on the one hand, and, what may be even more surprising, even more incompatible for paganism, like boris and gleb, the first canonized, glorified russian saints on the other, who chose the law the gospel, and not even the law of justice of this world, it is amazing how quickly this

is happening in our people. and i understand that , of course, well, firstly, the tale of bygone years was written later than the events, yes, that it describes, i mean in this case the baptism of russia, including, i understand that there is still time before the division of churches, probably i will assume that the christian east begins to perceive the christian west as something not its own, probably after 1204, the fourth finally becomes the frontier the crusade to capture constantinople, exactly after this.

in general, we see the same thing in the bulgarian church, but there is such an understanding, firstly, of the unity of the church, of the fact that rome and constantinople are poles of the same church, turning back and forth, so to speak , yes, but now to rome, now to constantinople, but with all this, yes, there is a certain political moment, a desire to build some kind of church independence on this, but at the same time this is a feeling of true church unity. and it seems to me that under vladimir something similar happened, yes, he was baptized in the eastern rite, in greek, with the help, of course, of byzantine missionaries, but here it seems to me that the hypothesis of shakhmatov and preselkovo is very close that under vladimir the russian church most likely did not was strictly dependent on constantinople.