a lot of passion, and here it’s not so much a supplyism, but some kind of detachment, yes, you could say so, some kind of chill, well , you know, i don’t feel this as a reader, but it seems to me that what you’re talking about is connected with the fact that these writers of the older generation, they lived in russia, they had a life here, and he with a young man, he was already 18 years old, you know, he really, well, yes, he of course it was first love, i think, in russia he was the same, i don’t know, i don’t know, it seems to me that this is what he couldn’t write dark olel, well or there yes summer of the lord. well yes, well how he in general as if, because there was nothing of this, he had to draw then his source was the life around him, that is, the life of emigrants, and the life of an emigrant, of course, it is to some extent generally a little virtual, yes, because well i don’t know, but he, like others, did not try to take root in this society, he never tried to get, say, citizenship of another country, he did not try to become german or there, well no, well he became american, but he was also forced to.

even in the later novels, it is everywhere, there is not a single novel in which there would not be either a russian character or russia, just as , let's say, there is no russian at all , yes, he thought of one.

this is to write right up until the last years of his life , just without any ball rolled my podnyanin chest of drawers on the floor candle and continued while in english he wrote the most complex and, it must be said, absolutely many very unloved complex complicated even perhaps deliberately novels in which there is no longer this open emotion, there is no this.

warmth, which many lack, it is in the poems, even in the later poems, this is amazing, as if, as if some kind of bifurcation of the writer on on really, therefore and the prose writer completely once let 's remember this, our interlocutors, let's remember that in the poems nabokov retained in himself that, maybe youthful, maybe russian, also yes, that from the prose a little has gone, yes there has appeared a chill, in the poems there is no chill, i can't, they are so similar, oh, young, these pair of hooligans, by the way, the most big, this is the hooligan of the two, here is daddy, you look absolutely the same age, this is such happiness, i congratulate you on this, larisa alexandrovna, listen, so now she has taken on her granddaughter, it turned out great, like everything else she has done so far.

it's time, let's rejoice in our own, well, dear friends, in the circle of talented people, time flies unnoticed, two stars, fathers and sons, on sunday. yes, i agree, to marry, only to whom, vasya, it's so good, to wake up alone, i know you, you are vertinsky, don't dare meet her without me, ask, where will you spend

tonight, i've been waiting for you for an hour and a half, if i want to get married, i'll marry anyone, you 're old enough to be my grandfather, me? it seems you wished me happiness, verdinsky, on sunday on the first, we love each other, and i'll be his wife, well, you're unlikely to be his wife, for the reason that he's already married, in the new season on the first, come on, come on, come on, come on, well, ah, can i ask you, hotter, of course, here you are.

that i love her, i've loved her for a long time since school, do you have hair on the back of your head? from the heart, on your collar lipstick, for everyone my ideal couple, i don't want to be a thief, you know, yes, but it seems to me that you yourself, yes, my wife asked me, left for another, why don't you go after her , don't fight, don't bring her back, i went out of my way for him, do you even know how much they cost, you weren't asked, and i'll ask you now, properly, just keep the guy away. chorus, the premiere of the film series, soon on the first. we continue our conversation, we talk about vladimir nabokov, about his biography, about his

books, and my interlocutors today, the head of the nabokov center of the institute russian literature of the russian academy of sciences. nabokov's works igor kiriyenkov. igor, i've already put on my glasses, which means that the middle of our program has arrived, at this time the host, that is, me, dmitry bak, always does one of three things, either i show some old book from my library, but it is still not an old book, i have already shown it to you, and it is only a quarter of a century old. i read and comment on some poem, or i read a quote from prose, here everything comes together somehow, because i will now read my favorite fragment, we remember that the novel the gift begins, well, in the broad sense of the word, begins with how

fyodor konstantinovich godunov cherdyntsev reads his collection of poems, rereads it, understands its significance, directly quotes himself, or rather, well, as if in the novel we see these poems written by him, here he rises to the heights of pride, thinks, thank you , fatherland, that's it, his career has taken place, you have recognized him, he thinks, but then a miracle happens, because we see how the poem is written before our eyes, imagine that we would have a text where pushkin would described how he writes, i remember a wonderful moment or i erected a monument to myself not man-made, nabokov has all this, let's listen to vladimir vladimirovich, i am still far from ... he caught this rhythm, thank you, fatherland, and for the pure and some kind of gift, you are like madness, tatata, the sound is recognized, i

actually don't need it now, life flared up from the rhyme, the rhyme itself fell away, thank you, russia for the pure, the second adjective, i did not have time to discern at this. flash, but it's a pity, happy, sleepless, winged, for the pure winged gift, continues he write, winged, winged winged, where is this roman from, calves and armor? "no, no, everything flew away, i did not have time to hold on, when he went to bed, only thoughts began to settle down for the night and the heart to plunge into the snow of sleep, he always experienced interruptions, falling asleep. fyodor konstantinovich risked repeating to himself the unfinished verses, just to once again rejoice in them before a sleepy separation. he was weak, they twitched, verses, twitched with a greedy life, so that in a minute they took possession of him with goosebumps. ran along the skin, filled his head with divine buzzing, when he turned on the light again,

lit a cigarette, and lying on his back, pulling the sheet up to his chin, and his feet outstretched like antokolsky's socrates, the sculptor is meant, not the poet, then he gave himself up to all the demands of inspiration, it was a conversation with a thousand interlocutors, of which only one was real after 3 hours of life-threatening inspiration of listening, he finally figured out everything to the last word, at parting he tried in a half-voice these good, warm, paired verses, they are opposite in meaning, he was proud that he was recognized by the fatherland, here what happened, thank you, fatherland for the evil distance, thank you, full of you, unrecognized by you, i say it myself, in the conversation of every night, the soul itself will not understand, is it my madness barmoch. "is your music growing, we see how amazing poems appear,

born of a completely opposite thought, and this can only be read in vladimir nabokov, well, let's go back to his russianness, not russianness, to his paradoxicality, he doesn't like many people, igor, well bunin doesn't like anyone , irritated by everyone, and nabokov, my god, dostoevsky he doesn't like, a lot of unnecessary things, well, the very thing that is the main thing in a russian writer , the thought of resolving, yes, it's all unnecessary. chernyshevsky, he, not he, but his hero, can't stand, the same godunov cherdyntsev, mocks him, it's understandable why, well, doctor mertvaga, there, pasternak's roman, absolutely great, who does he like, generally speaking, pushkin, tolstoy, well, i wanted to say that of course, pushkin cannot be disliked, he is the author of commentaries.

transformation to finally draw this creature, to come, to come to a lecture there with pro to give him a name, to explain to his listeners, and what kind of beetle is this or draw? a diagram of a pullman car, this is on the sides, love of details, readiness to show how these tales are arranged, he often talks in his lectures about tales about mechanisms, here he is the very person who is still a scientist, and not a sist will not talk about the structure of a pullman car, still it seems to me that these lectures, it seems to me that still what we call scientific literature, still it seems to me, this is not

quite, yes, it is still his, there is a lot of his personal, yes, he teaches to read correctly, he teaches to look. he is a pedant, a pedant, wanting to get to, to understand, to debunk everything, but an essayist at the same time, yes, to instill in students a love of literature, a love of reading, it seems to me, he always wanted this, to show them how interesting it is, yes, but this also cannot be said to be scientific, yes, a scientific approach, after all, it is rather the approach of the writer to his reader, yes, there was a subtext here, i asked you as a university prisoner.

in the original it is called strong opinions, and is it correct to translate strict opinions, what is it and in general about the new nabokov, after his death he continues to come in different senses, well, to the russian reader, at least, it seems, strong's home translation penis was a creed, and this is a good word for this collection, the book was published in america in the seventy-third year, after transparent things, this is a collection of his selected interviews, which he himself put together. some of his reviews and it seems to me there is a word about nabokov's love for other authors, there is a wonderful essay on inspiration, where he a tells us how his thought process works, how he came up with adu, from what fragment such a magical text appeared and talks about those who he likes american prose, like in this poem, yes he tells us where on inspiration came from

yes it's like only about the novel, not about the poems, and that we learn that the unapproachable... with notlet navokov adored salenger, abdike, cheever, the late john barth, he was a generous reader in fact and the assessments he handed out, they can be harsh, if speech we are talking about thomas man or maxim gorky, and yes, thomas man is my favorite, or in very flattering terms, like sasha sokolov or alain ruguri. we continue our conversation, we are talking about vladimir nabokov, about his biography about... his books, and my interlocutors, today, are the head of the nabokov center of the institute of russian literature of the russian academy of sciences, pushkin house, tatyana olegovna ponomareva, and literary critic, journalist, researcher of nabokov's work, igor kiriyenkov. we have come to the most important thing, quite recently, a huge,

nabokov's substantial archive, it is now located in the pushkin house in the institute of russian literature of the russian academy of sciences, you can say that you are its custodian, is that the right way to say it, right? well, formally, no, formally i am not a custodian, i am more like a scientific director, well, yes, in the museum sense, a custodian is another, and i was still involved in this process of transferring it, so now i am of course also studying this archive, and now we will see a photograph of dmitry vladimirovich nabokov, yes, who. played a very big role in this archive being consolidated, yes, collected in order, although nabokov himself took care of this, he took care, but nabokov did not assume that he would be read, printed and read in russia so soon, let us remember, seventy-seventh year, this is of course a time when it is difficult to assume something, yes, therefore, of course, he

did not give such orders, did not provide for it, and dmitry vladimirovich, he passed away in 2012, and he... he was thinking about this and wanted to transfer the greater part, this is not all archive, of course, a large part of the archive, also a very important person, like dmitrievich ivanov, for example, important in himself, here are the suitcases in which all this was stored, yes tatyana, yes, suitcases, yes, this is already the interior of the pushkin house, yes, this was an exhibition at which these items were shown for the first time, not all, but some of the items, but this is not yet an exhibition, judging by the packaging, so, no, this is part of the exhibition so. so, yes, the designers of the exhibition thought it out so that what would be shown here would be exactly what it was brought in, here and this is the suitcase in which nabokov and kept these items, his family, and transported them from place to place. because he didn't have, actually , there was no permanent home anywhere, so all this was transported and the typewriter, the typewriter, he himself never typed, it's true, but this typewriter

already latin, and of course either vera iseyevna typed here or later they invited a typist, but here nevertheless this typewriter is here, and this is what nabokov used himself, this is what now, probably, not everyone recognizes, i write with this, these are inserts, yes, this is a word, wonderful, a word, few people know, i once talked about this, my listeners did not immediately understand, i explained what it was, because the word "stavochka" is a word that few people know anymore, yes, that's how he wrote, they wrote these at school, no, no, i also wrote with these, these are not pen pens, they were called fountain pens, and i wrote with these, well, let's not talk about it, yes, well, you see, here he gnawed everything, he, so to speak, gnawed everything, yes, yes, yes, all his writing tools, they are all gnawed, dear friends, i will gnaw this again.

of course such a full-fledged nabokov center and maybe even transcontinental, because as we discussed many things texts are stored in america in europe, researchers there, of course, here we are right now yes, a few years ago nabokov's poem supermenya was published, a text that was considered lost, which we read only in brian boyd's retelling in the biography, here it is, it has appeared, and how much more of this is stored somewhere, and maybe in this archive too , some discoveries are waiting for us, of course, well here... still, i want some very vivid detail, what's in the archive, about what no one knows yet, well, here's the correspondence with vera trail, yes, who is the daughter of guchkov, well, the most famous

russian, russian politician, and then the wife of suvchinsky, one of the founders of eurasianism, we also, i hope, you remember our listeners, because you don't talk about reading, according to our slogan, so you know who suvchinsky is, who trubetskoy is, who are they? agent, and apparently, on the one hand, they did not want to communicate with her, on the other hand, it was impossible not to answer her letter at all, because the letter was so polite, personal, she knew nabokov's sister,

so they came up with a very sophisticated way, on the one hand to answer, on the other hand, as if not to even put their signatures, so the answers are signed with very funny initials jc, which of course reminds us, it was the time of the opera jesus christ superstar. where this jc is always jesus christ, yes, yes-yes-yes, they sign, or rather their secretary, who usually did not write such letters, but here jc signs, it's wonderful, and the answers themselves, of course, they are just very, it's just a very, very curious correspondence, because, because, of course, when i saw it, i was amazed, because i understood that they seemed to have nothing in common, and indeed, as it turned out, they were connected only by vera trail's acquaintance with nabokov's sister olga, with whom it turns out they studied together in berlin. in a russian school, after that they met, that's how nabokov came up with such a method, as to answer her, at the same time not entering into correspondence, so this seems to me, it will be

interesting to read, a wonderful story, well , let's call it another, i will include myself, if you allow me, our general conversation will not only be the questioner, but also the answerer, this is what i came up with, and is there some favorite thing for each of us, or one or two. igor, let's start with you, an invitation to executions, yes, well, i certainly agree with the invitation to execution, pnin is wonderful, but no, does not quite belong to the core of my, nabokov's main works, and invitation to execution, of course, it's a great story, i also have one favorite english, one favorite russian, from russian my favorite defense of luzhen remains was remains and we named a lot of everything, so wonderful, and from english, it's of course pay fire, which i... what makes nabokov

interesting to our contemporary, we'll finish with this, this will be our final chord, what is important about him, what is the most important thing in our time, is it nabokov's time, let 's start with you, igor, this time. nabokov had a metaphor, that here are his ideal conditions existence of creativity is life on campus with a huge number of books, free time, it seems to me that in some sense it is now with the advent of the internet that we can read nabokov in a new way , what slavists and researchers have been doing since the 60s in russia is now being done much faster and much more intelligently, we can finally read nabokov carefully, in fact, brian boyt wrote an article lolita, what we know and what we don't know, it's about lolita, about one of the most studied in length across, and there are things that even in such works they remain

misunderstood and undisclosed, what can we say about the monster.

we spoke with the head of the nabokov center of the institute of russian literature of the pushkin house of the russian academy of sciences tatyana olegovna panomareva. thank you tatyana olegovna, we will see you, i am sure that more than once, and we spoke to journalists with literary critic, researcher of nabokov's work igor dim'yanovich kiriyenkov. thank you very much, we are not finishing this conversation, because it is endless, we are going to read, and i am telling you as always. read with pleasure, dear friends, capital has one and only one vital aspiration, the aspiration to grow, to create surplus value, to absorb with its constant part, the means of production

, the largest possible mass. hello, today we have gathered with thoughts about capitalism, its current state, well, and i think many other topics that we will come to with my interlocutors today, sergey ivanov, entrepreneur, public figure, ilya kuzmenkov, media manager, entrepreneur, i am vladimir ligoida, we let's start, since we started with our karl marx. well, i started, tell me, and what do you think, to what extent is it important to know labor today, a couple of sentences, from which i just quoted, well, it seems to me, the evolution of knowledge in general in the professional field that you are engaged in, it is useful to understand, because i am an economist by education, in my 30 years ago the name milton friedman was, well, such an indisputable, untouchable authority. uh, and

a year ago i met a friend uh in europe, a professor of a large business school, who declared that capitalism is sick, that on the other side, here as if scientific thought also discusses this, and it is even known who poisoned him, here milton friedman did exactly this 60 years ago, who - supposedly - came up with a very simple formula that the only goal of business is to earn profit for shareholders, here all social usefulness it is gone, but in fact... of course we need to move a few steps earlier here our great karl to study and study yes he formulated many interesting things. ilya aleksanovich, you too economist by education, also an economist by education, yes. i think that - absolutely right, knowledge is never superfluous. you can't treat this material as something that, in general, defines, unfortunately, in many ways defined the 20th century. i hope, not something that will determine the future of humanity after all. yeah.

capitalism is a certain system. with the help of which we describe, well , it is clear that there is no such ideal capitalism anywhere, which would change from country to country, from era to era, it is also clear that this is a certain living the fabric of reality, yes, there are our intellectual abstractions that try to describe what is happening, well, and maybe somewhere not only to look back, but forward, we can more or less agree with this, we risk entering the territory where we simply drown in... the history of the concept and its evolution, it is really different, it has changed a lot under the influence of the conflict with the soviet or communist idea, we have a big business abroad, so when we come to africa or asia, we compete

with whom, with transnational corporations, these are precisely the representatives of the idea there built rather on protestant ideas of attitude to money and to work, and so when we come there in order to... how we compete for what, for minds, for hearts, here is the battlefield, no, no, these are, these are young people, yes, we need to offer something, here are some of our own meanings in order to separate ourselves with something, and i was interested in the experience of simply approaching this topic, in february of this year i found myself in rwanda, yes, so to speak, we read, followed, worried, i suggested my own there, as a reflection, or something, on the history of capitalism, and where we are. i actually started my report with a question, let's try to imagine, and i 'll ask you, imagine a world in which capitalism is empathetic, human-centric, about the benefit of the people of the planet, does not exploit people, but realizes their inherent

potential, i say, it's easy to imagine, and how did you react, three hands were raised, i mean, who imagines that it's easy, yes, i immediately said, come work for us, we really need you, and if it is difficult, but for that... there are reasons, and what are the reasons? very briefly: these ideas are a little more than 400 years old, the main idea, you mentioned it, competition, the main rule, the main rule, everything that is not prohibited is allowed, by the way, it is written in the thirty-fourth article of our constitution, that is, in this model the strong has the legal right to destroy the weak, this is a very cruel world, to destroy, well, economically, that is , you can, so to speak, lose your business. let's say so, yes, yes, yes, you can, you must turn into zero, that is, competitive the struggle for me to be left alone, well, and what marx is basically telling you about, if it is not limited in any way, that is, your proposal says that we can build a world of capital, where there will be many

successful entrepreneurs, but no one will turn into zero, and we will, so to speak, love each other, help each other and so on, this is a very big question, and in general where to start is a big question there , yeah. historical point, when it is no longer possible to do nothing, that is, well, the number of conflicts accumulated in different completely areas there man with nature, man with man, man there the future expected with something incomprehensible in the form of artificial intelligence or man with machines, well that is something needs to be changed where he is.

all known, they are all built on the protestant ethic, attitude to work, and there attitude to money is a little different than in our culture, let's stop here now, so that we do not lose much of the value of what about... under what slogans means in ancient rome slaves went to the may day demonstration not remember? yes, hello, feudalism, the bright future of humanity, has it become

a bright future? that is, this is initially a progressive idea, so to speak, yes, that the world is changing, the world is changing for the better, improving in everything and so on, so we are moving towards something, here again historical practice does not show and does not confirm, as for capitalism, in fact, this is how it is considered that this is the 18th century, there england and the regions that are now called benelux, there began to form capital, here, although really. again , economic statistics show that before the beginning of the 19th century, in fact, the growth of the economy of these centuries, it was no different from the medieval, that is, in fact , there was no such explosion of an economy, so it seems to me that i don’t like this periodization, i don’t really like it at all, it seems to me that a person does not change much and society changes in some way, in some special socio-economic relations, right, they differ from those that were there again as a person who got an education formed his worldview view.

property, and slaves we are from ourselves another thing is that slaves were also we imagine slaves as people, that is, legal vakovs are heavy, who drag them along to the kitchen, that is, while they cook there they drank, no, of course, well from a philosophical point of view they were just talking tools, they were non-speaking, that 's actually, these are different, different different rights, they were not people. for people, this is here,

again, we know, from the same gospel story, from other, as if historical facts, we we know that there were houses, including patrician houses, where slaves essentially used, essentially were members of the family, that is, in many ways it depends on, actually, all these ideas about a beautiful society, yes, in the end they depend on, well, as if the performers always, yes, the same socialism, here in sweden they built in kampuchea, which is now. cambodia is called, yes, in principle they built socialism, there it turned out differently, it turned out a little differently, yes, in many ways it was determined, as if the culture there and so on further, that is, in many ways it still depends on people, and it seems to me that here we are approaching the key question in general , our conversation can be like this, or as you think, it is a question of a just society, is it possible or impossible, and today we have gathered our thoughts about capitalism and its current state, as well as what we can... do with all this ilya kuzmenkov, sergei ivanov, i am vladimir

ligoido, let's continue, i want to return to your theses, which since they were voiced in rwanda, have been heard, so to speak, the vastness of the information field, yes, just in case, i will repeat, yes, that for sustainable existence in the future, a business model must meet three mandatory criteria, yes, you already said this today, i will repeat, it must be human-centered, multicultural and socially responsible, well, you talked about emi. in general, an important concept for you, i have a question, what does capitalism have to do with it, that is, conditionally speaking, after all, all these characteristics, they are connected, firstly, with the attitude of a specific person, yes, with a certain cultural and historical context, and capitalism as an instrumental history, it will naturally exist differently depending on this, well, you know, as i will draw such an analogy, there are political institutions and processes, and there is the concept of political culture. here is a system of values, views, yes, when it appeared,

actually, it appeared when they noticed that these political institutions and processes, well, parliament, for example, yes, in different countries, it seems like there is a parliament, and there is a parliament, and there is a parliament, and there is a parliament, and democracies different, why, because different political culture, yes, it seems to me, there is a similar story here, so strictly speaking, are you talking about capitalism as such, as an instrument where there is a free market, private property, competition, or are you saying: in this cultural context , raising the topic of capitalism here in general, probably, with one goal, that we live in some kind of socio-economic formation, it has been for the last 30 years... this idea dominates, well, this is an attempt to simply think about it, probably, and it can be pushed aside and because it really is different at different times, if you try to look into tomorrow, just imagine, and what should a business be like to begin with, just a business, so that it stands firmly on its feet,

here i suggested these three criteria that need to be thought about, discussed and criticized, the first one is human-centered, and what is that, what is that? what does that mean, that it is not needed, signs of the times, yes, unconditional basic income, and after a comma just further, the gaming industry is a metaverse, virtualization of all this, accessibility of entertainment in this part, liberalization of gender issues, if you look at it all from a detached perspective, then i

, as a person, any person would say that this is some strange thing, what is this for? they are preparing me, they are preparing me to go into a vegetable state, well, well, as if for something, to distract, to remove and what kind of business do i need, and what kind of person am i, that's who we need as a consumer, who would not ask questions, would go to the shelf in the store, pay, and well, well, well, well the ideal consumer is needed, someone even says so, there we need consumers, and what is a creator, and what is a creator, and in general what criteria should he meet, and this is a question, well, you can just go here, but of course we are talking about the creator here, multiculturalism, here wealth in diversity must be respected, appreciated, because the monolith is collapsing, all this is in the future, most likely it will not be sustainable, and thirdly - social utility, what is social utility, business can be to do, here's how, as marx wrote, capital seeks niches for itself, where it grows with maximum

speed, with minimum risks, or on the contrary, that business is a benefit that finds a place in people's lives in an economically efficient way.

we built capitalism according to suslov, because, in fact, we knew about capitalism from suslov, that's why our joke turned out to be a little wild, but there are jokes in every joke, here is the image in society, unfortunately the image of a capitalist, there a businessman, it is formed a little with a criminal subtext and such a predatory shark, to

a large extent people who grew up from below, well, creation.