wants, does not notice fatigue, the world is beautiful, he lives in the same house , the same people live around him, but everything becomes beautiful, good, kind, wonderful, and he does not want to eat, i mean that when a drug for weight loss was created once in the fifties, it acted precisely on the serotonin receptor, it had such a name as fenfen, everyone happily rushed to lose weight on it, but a very large number of people with... that receptors for the same hormone have different modifications and completely different actions. that's when you you create a drug that affects some dopamine receptors, serotonin receptors, and you don’t have the subtle knowledge of this selectivity, that is, selectivity, you can get any results after. but not those that you expected, very

often we use a class of antidepressants, they are called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, that is , it is clear that we act on serotonin, all this is a class of antidepressants, but some drugs, we know for sure, have a weight loss effect, and other drugs either neutral, or contributes to weight gain, when a patient comes to me with excess weight... and the psychotherapist prescribed him drugs that, yes, are really effective against depression, there is more serotonin, the person lives much more emotionally, but he gains weight, and i say: let's try with your psychotherapist together, in agreement, to help the patient, we will change one drug for another, if possible, in order to achieve two effects, to reduce weight, and to overcome depression, as they say, little

in addition, if a person improves his appearance, for him it is a priority, well, someone really realizes how harmful it is for health excess weight and he wants both, when he has achieved this goal, then his emotional background will definitely improve. zukhra, i don’t understand a little, if there are antidepressants, the same effect, but one has a side effect of excess weight, and the other has the opposite, a beauty shot, why is it used with excess weight, look, when a patient with depression comes to a psychotherapist, he still thinks more in terms of depression, more the doctor is set up for this, like, for example, in gynecology, two absolutely identical drugs from the class of progesterone hormones, one has long-term negative effects on the cardiovascular system, and the other does not, well, so far, firstly, no one wants to look. and many people

generally do not really know or need this information, the gynecologist needs to get this and that now, and if you look ahead, this is still, these are clinical studies, not every doctor in his practical work has a place for these here are studies, he does not have time, yes doctors, unlike many other specialists, undergo constant five-year, there are advanced training, certifications and so on and so forth, and this is not right in front of the ...

receptors in absolutely all organs tissues, and amateurs who jump from trains, from high-rise buildings and so on, people who stimulate adrenaline synthesis, we always say: oh, adrenaline junkie, yes, there he drives fast or something else, somehow takes risks, this is also about very strong sensations that literally cause addiction, and a person takes risks and takes risks, and can't stop, a kind of mania. this is a podcast about substance deception, we are talking about hormones of happiness, with you olesya nosova and zukhra pavlova. you said that too much dopamine, for example, is mania. yes, but maybe serotonin is a safe hormone of happiness, can there be too much serotonin, and what negative consequences can it have? well, they are extremely unpleasant, these are severe conditions, including hallucinations, there are sensations when a person gets lost in space. he experiences extremely negative

sensations, they - remind such m heavy - sensations associated with fear, here practically with animal fear, therefore excess. of anything from the most wonderful substance, it will be negative for a person, the basic principle of medicine after no harm quantumsatis as much as necessary, then a person is happy, moreover, very often and we say, we we we chondroit, yes, chondroit, something there the weather is hot, then the weather is cold, and then when we say to ourselves: listen, legs, arms in place, a roof over your head, parents are alive, children are healthy, everything okay, and... suddenly you directly, as they say, feel this pleasant state, yes , everything is really good, what am i saying, that is, here , yes, all this is modifiable, that is, we can stimulate the synthesis of good substances, first as if realizing, and then feeling, but we can also eat something pleasant, yes

, it is very interesting, what can you eat in order to become happy, really a cake, well , that's how the human body system is designed? when should we want to eat first of all, when do we lose energy, when we can face incapacity, yes, i don’t know, lose consciousness due to low sugar levels, so in order to quickly replenish this very energy when we lose energy, we reach for something that quickly compensates us, it’s sweet, we really experience this feeling of pleasure, but it’s short, really? first you eat a candy and that’s it, and then you sit and feel sad, well, why am i so blasphemous, seconds on the tongue, all my life on the hips, yes, a well-known saying, well, okay, and alcohol, alcohol, what a hormone stimulates alcohol, that yes, everything that

leads to addictions, yes, that is, they are all here a little bit, not only, and dopamine causes addictions, and serotonin. leads to such needs and adrenaline there too, this will all be acetylcholine, by the way, this will all be a little bit, a little bit, but stimulate this addiction, directly create reflexes, and a person like such, like a zombie will then reach for this, because someone who abuses alcohol says, my god, this is a pipe, this is such a disgusting smell, this is a nasty taste, that, who loves to smoke, he says, come on, this alcohol, you turn into who knows what, that 's it... such an aristocratic habit, a beautiful view and so on, but here we do not approve of it at all, no matter how beautiful it looks and no matter how it is described, it is all definitely very harmful to health. about what else to eat? well, look, chocolate gives us not only pleasure, but

it gives us an amino acid, tryptophan, from it , just like in bananas, for example, serotonin is produced from it, and from serotonin. then the wonderful hormone melaton, but if there is too much of this melatonin, all sorts of very severe unpleasant conditions also develop, that's why there is a deficiency, a person does not sleep, becomes angry, irritated, tired, incapacitated, that when there is too much of it, all sorts of terrible psychological nuances are formed, melatonin is the hormone of the night, well, let's call it the hormone of the night, it is also called the hormone of sleep, but not only, but the hormone of sleep, everyone, everyone says that no, it... no, let's say it prepares for this event, but in most heads, yes, ours, all the same it is associated with sleep, yeah, but in addition, with the correct functioning of not only melantonin itself, but also, let's say,

related to it melanocyte-stimulating hormone and its receptors, forgive the complicated name, this also provides us with very serious cancer protection. therefore , it is important that there is enough of everything, by the way, when was such work, when and results were revealed showing that when melanocyte-stimulating hormone leaves ahead of time, decreases ahead of time, and a person sits faster, yeah, and this is one of such indirect signs that there may be a higher oncological alertness than in people for whom this process does not occur in this way. oncological alertness is not a death sentence, of course, it is just alertness, you need to go for a medical examination once a year, undergo the basic research methods that are necessary for your age and gender, protect yourself from going around with some kind of

formidable, unpleasant conditions and waiting for them to manifest themselves, which means it will be too late, yeah, okay, what else can make us? be happy, and physical activity, you know, many athletes go to the gym not because they are driven there by some necessity, but they enjoy it and when i... this is when the inflammation factors do not increase

greatly with physical activity, but are built in such a balance that a person receives a greater release of that same oxytocin, serotonin, dopamine, after or during physical activity, it is fixed in him as pleasure and he will already next time in the gym goes with great pleasure, because he will again receive this pleasant feeling when we learn something and... very interesting logic there, a computer model of the brain has been built, it has shown that here we

receive, our brain receives information from the environment, yes, it sees with its eyes, there it touches through the skin, there it hears and so on and so forth, all this goes to the brain, here the most interesting thing begins about the fact that the amount of incoming information has been measured and... the amount of outgoing information has been measured and the amount of outgoing information is much more, that is, the brain builds models on the basis of all this, builds models of its body, well, the human body, builds models of the universe and so on, it's wildly interesting, it turns out that in general everyone hallucinates a little due to, so to speak, their idea of ​​​​the beautiful due to what the brain gives them, but here there are no such contradictions. yes, of course, it's very interesting, remember, i told you all the time, i give

this example, you and i looked at the same sand, only i left it on one side, and you on the other, you say, look at what beauty, and green, and yellow, and swamp -colored, and brown and so on, i looked carefully, took off my glasses, put on my glasses, saw only yellow, i thought , maybe i don’t look at the sun’s rays the same way from the other side, i walked around, stood in exactly the same place, i didn’t see anything from any side, then i laughed and said there: i have 20 thousand rods and cones, yes , such as devices that help us form, perceive the color gamut, and you have 2 billion of them, so you see what i will never see, and an artificial brain, in unlike a person, it has the ability to retain all this information, analyze it, and even give out different options, if you look at the events of 100 years ago, you can predict what will happen now, because everything in this life is repeated, we just forget.

you need to create the prerequisites for this yourself, that is, play sports, eat

the right food, communicate with people, so that you produce oxytocin, so , in fact, you will be happy to tune in, even if you look at the greenery that is around now, then it is more likely to create a feeling of happiness than on some gray concrete scenes, it is true, it was a podcast deception of substances, with you was olesya nosova from uhra pavlova. hello! hello, i am dmitry bak, we have right here now another edition of the literary podcast: let them not talk, let them read. we are talking about very different writers, about classics, about our contemporaries, but today we are talking about a person who passed away quite a long time ago, but his prose,

his stories, his larger works, are still are still very relevant, they are still being debated. head of the scientific and methodological department of the state moscow museum of mikhail afanovich bulgakov, hello masha, hello dima, let's be informal, as in life, that's how it is with us, well, let's talk about zoshchenko, let's start the conversation with this: well, zoshchenko flourished in the twenties, gained fame, gained popularity, was overgrown with legendary

stories, his life, or rather, the twenties - this is such a turning point. is there anything special about mikhail mikhailovich against the background of other russian writers of that time. i still time, when i speak with students, i introduce the following criterion: did the person manage to travel abroad before the revolution, study abroad, or did the world military revolution catch up with him in his early youth. that's how it was with zoshchenko against the background of the same bulgakov or pelnyak or vsel'd ivanov. zoshchenko did not manage to travel abroad, like bulgakov, and it seems that zoshchenko, like bulgakov, was not allowed to travel abroad all his life and he never went anywhere, and the revolution for zoshchenko, it seems to me, was a determining factor in his literary development and he developed his literary path i counted from 1921, although he wrote before that, and he wrote stories, some beautiful sketches in the spirit of artsebashev, nitchi, nitchi was his favorite philosopher, in general in such

a decadent direction, and the revolution completely changed the vector of his development, that is , we can say that ... this is the st. petersburg university, he found himself in the thick of things, and for him, in general , there was no special choice, yes, he immediately accepted the revolution, yes, so you can say, or is it still too abrupt? i think, if you compare with the same bulgakov, you can say, that zoshchenko accepted the revolution, that bulgakov was for bulgakov it was the collapse of everything in vladikavkaz, yes, well, in general, according to mikhail

mikhailovich, if you believe his stories before sunrise, his autobiographical things, mikhail mikhailovich rather even anticipated it, because he has... there already in his youth you can see, when he as a schoolboy shakes hands with the servant, he is reprimanded for this by a girl who is attractive to him, this desire for some kind of internal equality and dignity of all people, this is the story of mikhail mikhailovich traced back long before, maybe he didn't formulate it that way in such, but that's why he accepted the revolution, as he himself writes, joyfully as something bright, as something that tomorrow will be better than yesterday, yeah, well, great, vera mikhailovna, you've formulated it. well , there are different sides to the revolution, of course, this is bright, symbolic, as blok says: listen to the music of the revolution, in the revolution this is equality, this is democracy, this is respect for another person, but there is also something else, we understand perfectly well, tragic, violent and so on, here the question is more complicated, you mentioned, of course, about the story before sunrise, and

we will talk about it a lot, but now let's talk about early zozchenko, let me ask you about what, in your family? what did they say about mikhail mikhailovich, what traditions were there, what stories may there be that are unknown from his texts, but still, it's not every day that you find yourself opposite the great-granddaughter of mikhail mikhailovich zoshchenko, well, here there may be a short answer, none, none, none, well - let's look - at the photograph, yes , this is my dad, he is an officer, a submariner, and this is his son mikhail mikhailovich, my grandfather, valery mikhailovich zoshchenko, i was named in honor of vera vladimirovna.

that after all none of them were in the ranks of the white guard, they were young, they wrote, at least they had, it seems to me,

an idea, like ushchenko, to create new literature for a new reader, for zoshchenko it was a revolution, yes in general in some sense we wrote about it ourselves, that i temporarily replace the proletarian writer the new brothers - this is an association that was named in general after hoffman's work. well, with all the differences in biographies, they well became large-scale writers, not only mikhail mikhailovich, but all vladivanov, but also fedin early in particular yes, yes, then a completely

different period came, this is an important story, well, okay, in 21 another important event occurred, not banal, but not erased from repetitions, this is the tenth congress of the rcp, now of course. probably, fortunately, and maybe even without probably, certainly fortunately few of our interlocutors on the other side of the screen or headphones, because our podcast works in different formats, few of you, dear interlocutors, knows the history of the party, knows what congresses were held there, well, i remember that , i remember what happened there, this, well, if in the language of banal formulas, then this is the introduction of the nep, yes, the new economic policy. and several utopias were cancelled, in the seventeenth year, the year it seemed that a world revolution was about to happen, we must go, a march on paris, on europe, there was a civil war, it seemed that

there would be a new culture, proletkult, it is clear that little came of this either, and it seemed that there would be a new economy, little came of this it turned out, hyperinflation, devastation, but it still seems to me that mikhail mikhailovich finds his... who has some kind of a supporting line, i think, yes , it all started from there, but in general, it seems to me, there in every story, when you read, in

the twenty-first year. the bourgeoisie and the cossacks or the cossacks, whatever you like, here in the sixty-first year the serfs are six estates, each of which has its own destiny, yes, the cossacks, the army and the borders, the nobility, the administration, well, the merchants, big business, accommodation, small business, whoever is left, the clergy, culture and morality, etc., suddenly everything gets mixed up, here's an aristocrat, for example, why take her to the theater? yes, it seems to me that just when

the nep came, it became very clear... firstly, this stratification, that there are nepmen, and there are these proletarian real people, on behalf of whom, zovchenko said, they did not have their own voice and their own representative in literature, in zovchenko's stories there are proletarian real working people, mandelstam said that zoshchenko wrote the bible of labor, and we do not appreciate him. mandelstam really appreciated zoshchenko's stories, and chukovsky in he wrote in his diaries that zoshchenko proudly told him that...

he was broken by this feeling, zovchenko's hero is a broken man, yes, problematic, inharmonious, and all this is a hero, a hero of the twenty-first year, yes, because the cossacks were dispossessed, the nobles left, the priests were defrocked, the kulaks were exiled to siberia and so on, that is, zoshchenko grasps this, now unfavorable

side of the revolution, yes, such a very problematic one. this is his man, and it seems to me that this is precisely why his stories were so popular, that they show how difficult it is now to exist this proletarian in this new soviet, who suddenly understands that he is the king of god, yes, that's it, that's the whole point, remember how firs in chekhov shortly before the revolution says that grief has come, yes, trouble, the abolition of serfdom, for him grief and trouble, because up to this moment everything was clear, everything was laid out.

and he will touch, well, not exactly a new zovchenko, not exactly another zovchenko, but still a person who made very significant discoveries for himself, well now as... you of course remember our respected interlocutors, in the middle of the program we have an author's rubric, that is, mine, and i do one of three things: i either show an old book taken from my shelves, in no case from the museum where i work and maryana works, or i quote a poem and analyze it, or a fragment of prose, today it is an old book, a poem by apollon grigoriev, which in the sixteenth year was collected published by alexander blok, it is written here directly, collected and annotated, supplied by alexander blok and alexander blok in large font, because well, for readers it is still unknown what is more important, palon grigoriev palon grigoriev or blog. this book is also the flowering of the time we

are talking about. the sixteenth year, a year before the revolution, the block almost silent, although it will be 12 at the beginning of the eighteenth year, suddenly opens apollon grigoriev, who is now for... alexander blog, to catch the eternal, to catch the music of the revolution, to catch the epochal events, looks into the past and strives in the past, as this book is absolutely important, and apollon

grigoriev, who for everyone who loves russian literature, stands on a certain shelf, gets on this shelf only after this book was published in the sixteenth year, well, now yes... published with high royalties, and this is as far as reality corresponds, well , really in the twenty-ninth year a six-volume collection of stories, i can’t pick out any analogues right off the bat, yes, a collection of works,

that is, this is a prosperous person, or is it still yes, yes, you can say, a rock star of the era, if we apply, when i now try to explain in class about an important deed scale, popularity of that period, i have to pick them up, that is... rossi, and indeed he was known without the internet, the whole country knew him, photographs were sold everywhere, well, that is, simply.

but phenomenally popular, he had high circulation, 25 thousand, 15 thousand, several reprints, and at the same time there were still lines at the store before opening, like now for tv, i must say that uschenko this was very important, back in the early

twenties, when he began to publish these collections, one of his friends said that here zoshchenko writes some kind of nonsense, but at the same time he is terribly proud of the demand and huge print runs, that is, it was important for him that he had his own... this new reader, and the reader approves of him with his ruble, goes, votes with his ruble, buys books, i can understand him, in the twenty-ninth year he published letters to the writer.

i mean chekhov's characters, yes, they will not buy those stories where they are above them, where they are exposed, where they are nailed to the pillar of satire and so on, that is, in satire there is always some kind of, well, distance between the one who utters some moral truths and to those who are ridiculed as primitive people, as insufficient people, this is all from the 16th century, here we have a paradox, no, the heroes who... are ridiculed, buy the

books in which they are ridiculed, or they are not ridiculed, then zoshchenko, who revels in this, well, primitiveness, no at all, they are not ridiculed, this is absolute sympathy, why many stories go i, this is again to the beginning of the conversation, this respect, which, it is felt, it is like, you understand, this is the meaning, which are sewn into the works, maybe there is some kind of secret here, i have. a writer, because he is not a proletarian, that is, distance - it still exists, it

leads first to the blue book, yes, where a large form is sought, because zoshchenko, well, like chekhov, like overchenko, like teffi, like potapenko, well, does not write novels, yes, he does not write, does not work in a large form, but the blue book is already transitional - a collection of short stories, yes, but united. a holistic concept, he is again oppositional, he is again not traditional, yes, he does not correspond to the ideology, yes, he does not correspond at all, and it seems to me that this raised questions with the authorities, because on the one hand he is not openly anti-soviet, he is loyal, i have always gone with the people, and he is not, there is no opposition there, but on the other hand he is very different from what they did in the thirties, and this raised, this is the very edge, the twenties and thirties, yes, yeah.

mikhail mikhailovich, who even earlier began to comprehend this distance in himself. yes, we are talking, of course, about his famous ideology, which is completely, well, you could say, i saw it in the light. much later, only in the seventy-second year was p seventy-second, and together in general already built-in, yes, we are talking about this ideology, which is fundamentally different from these sparkling, minute such well-coordinated, laconic stories about different people, and

what is this in general self-observation, before sunrise - this is a metaphor, yes before sunrise... i once had an article about reading freud and his influence on lelya minka story, i walked very carefully through this field, because here you have to be, but freud he listened read carefully, although for him pavlov and the theory of conditioned reflexes were more important, because he

considered it clear, understandable, provable, without a second bottom, everything is clear, freud was a psychologist for him, it seems to me, such a very, well , almost uh... well, for him he went too far into questions of libido, and yes, that is, for mikhail mikhailovich there was already too much psychology there, he was impressed by precisely the clear cause and effect, and as we know from before sunrise, freud, his triggers, would interpret the hand, well, completely proboscis i would interpret it completely, naturally, it was important for me to hear it, because you and i have, well, half-exchanged another half-myth, well , that is, there are grounds, but... of course, this cannot be reduced to freud absolutely, because here everything is much deeper, more interesting, more important, although the idea is the same, yes, that we are ruled by some sensations or yes, we are ruled by the fact that before sunrise, sunrise is the emergence, yes of reason, consciousness, which

occupies there only a few percent in the volume of our psyche, this is really a very important thing, but terribly curious. that all this is born during the war in 1943, well, it is not born, it continues, it reaches some point, they send out, urgently evacuate during this period, one of the mythologies is that the germans read his translations, read them incorrectly, and wanted, he was on the list of twenty people who should be immediately taken prisoner, first of all taken prisoner, so that he would work for the propaganda of that.

that this is such an attempt to suggest a recipe for strength, victory, fortitude, and so on, they went some way, now we would call it major depressive disorder, in which a person is, his whole biography led to the fact that he went through the path, from the very top, to the very bottom, back, and he learned that circumstances do not affect how you feel, you can equally be unhappy and have all the benefits. accordingly, if your condition does not depend on circumstances, then you need to correct something in the conservatory, the key to yourself, when you paid so much for these keys, and writing itself is therapy, by the way, fred would say so, of course, of course, that while he was writing it, he cured himself, well

, of course, yes, and accordingly you can’t, it’s a process, the meaning is in the process, of course, but also as a result, it’s the greatest gift, that is, he was of course terribly unhappy, but it’s our great happiness that he was like that in 1943, all this is important, well, that is , writers reacted very differently, yes, someone like simonov writes: wait for me, i’ll be back, yes, i don’t compare one with the other, yes, but all these are living and honest reactions to what was happening with the country, with the world and inside, with a person, yes, someone creates some other works, zoshchenko offers this lesson , the pressure of criticism is growing.

that practically no one understands this, no one, well, that's understandable, a mature person cannot help but follow his own path, it's impossible, naturally, well, you can't write what you don't feel, you can't say what you don't think, so we've come full circle to this important event, to august of 1946, to the well-known complex of different party decisions, which this complex led to the infamous resolution.

there is much evidence that they are fighting with akhmatova with some other one, the referents are slipping in, a quote from ehimbaum, we know, yes, that the half-nun, half-harlot is nezhdanov, and boris mikhailovich ehimbaum, a brilliant russian philologist, and he, well, correctly and succinctly described this image of akhmatova's early poems, the evening of the rosary, early books, the beginning of the 1910s, everything was like that, but what a distortion? what magazine and what author? yes, and

who needed to show that we have no holy cows, and yes, a major mistake by the magazine, well, we we know that the leningrad magazine never came into being again, it was destroyed forever, and of course, despite the fact that you said it right, how worthy... mikhail mikhailovich responded to this in 1946 in 1953, but naturally his health was undermined and although they began to publish it after some time, it just happened again in 1954, when he met with english students, this story repeated itself and began anew, because when they asked the question: do you agree with the resolution, mikhail mikhailovich answered, i russian officer, i'm not a bastard, well, yes, how can i agree, it's clear - that is , in essence, all this - started again, yes, and these visitors from england simply asked

to show them akhmatova and zoshchenko, because it seemed that they do not exist, that they are oppressed and they are not free, they will sing what they are ordered to, but zoshchenko never sang what he is ordered to, and we continue to talk about azoshchenko in the year of his 130th anniversary, and of course we will always talk about him. today we talked with wonderful guests, this is vera mikhailovna zoshchenko, great-granddaughter of mikhail mikhailovich and actress, tv presenter, compiler of books, as we learned, all the best, vera mikhailovna, i am sure that...