it was worth it, he could easily fight, guys, he really loved the positions of impressions, for example, to come there in the military uniform of the nicoroguan partisans, communicated with ordinary people, hello, comrades, good evening, wanted to live an interesting, exciting life, violating, the rules accepted at that time, he created it and lived it. crimea, yuliana semenova, on saturday on ... first, the main thing is what will happen after death, because everyone, alas, will have to die, so if they continue to read me, then i won. this is a podcast grief by fire and i, its host denis gorelov, with a story about the creative path of sergei solovyov, the people's artist of russia. and then solovyov pulled out a really lucky ticket. quite by chance, he decided to help design the script, a big, thick novel about a pioneer camp

called the living souls of his friend alexander alexandrov. they wrote the script together, and at the moment they put an end to it, solovyov said that he would not give this script to anyone. he really liked the script, the picture turned out to be brilliant, it was the most important film solovyova. the film hit an absolute sore point. at that moment, the leaders of the soviet union, the second link. people who were quite sensible, understood perfectly well that all the historical-evolutionary heroics no longer caught the younger generation. at that moment, at least some idea was needed to prevent people from falling into absolute cenism and acquisitiveness, which they still fell into, but still not on that scale in those frameworks, in this sense, it was the noble classics and the self-perception of continuity with the 19th century that helped a lot, at that moment,

falling in love, a rare young man did not fantasize about a duel at ten paces, girls imagined themselves with a fan at balls and so on and so forth, everyone really wanted to be nobles, this sore point was hit by the film 100 days after childhood, at the moment when the panorama of the neva canals began and petya kudzhava began something off-screen about a gray-haired colonel on a bay mare, some kind of nonsense stuck out of this. solovyov overcame this falsehood in an ideal way, he stopped inventing some ideal, beautiful children, who everyone, every minute of their lives they think only about the beautiful poems of pushkin. his production of lermontov's masquerade, by the senior detachment of the pioneer camp lesnoy ostrov, quite coexisted with a game of football on the backside, when the goalkeeper and captain. of the losing team

stood in the gates in pozuzyu and received a penalty kick in the butt from the winners, he also had slides with gioconda, who sometimes smiles like her mother, only rarely, but were quite close to putting out a fire in a pioneer way, everyone saw that these were real normal children, who were offered some high circumstances, quite possible in life. solovyov became... the unconditional favorite of the then minister of cinema, philip timofeevich yarmash, a much more sane person and an outstanding producer, yarmash was appointed to his post in 1972 with the task of returning soviet cinema to the profitability rate of the sixties, which was almost impossible, because the main viewer of cinema is people aged 16 to 24, and if in the sixties in cinema went.

crossed the line of 50 million views, accordingly he was quite extremely favorably disposed towards sergei alexandrovich, who could give him the task set by the party government and at the same time bring in serious box office. the picture was sent to the festival in west berlin, where solovyov was awarded the prize-director, the west berlin audience and jury. to the liking

of the soviet pioneers, after all, thinking about something high, and not just about everyday needs, unlike their peers in the west, in the end ... there was a great success, following the prize in berlin, solovyov received the ussr state prize, the lenin komsomol prize, and as he said in those years, i woke up as the chairman of the jury of the all-union festival in riga, in a tuxedo with a cigar hugging a member of the jury lyudmila chursina, in inventing surnames, he had a very special gift, a hero, 100 days after.

to lunin, only poor sonechka zagremukhina is an absolute mongrel, which is what the surname says, but even here the name sonechka, of course, goes back to sonya marmeladova from dostoevsky. in addition, the film was a clever cynic-gambler in a straw hat, a boy named furikov, this was the name of the main forecaster of attendance at the ussr state cinema, lev borisovich furikov, a remarkable man with the face of a mafioso. don, who at the age of 17 ended up in fascist captivity, escaped from there from german camps, then sat down with us and escaped from our camps, and at the same time had a unique ability, having read the director's script with the distribution of roles, to clearly

determine the final release of the film to a million, how many people will watch this film at the moment rental, even before the start of filming. in solovyov's next film, the rescuer of one of the heroes of asya vedeneyeva's husband

, played by tatyana drubich, was called ganin, which of course also went back to dostoevsky's idiot, where ganni ivalgin, the general's son, received the opportunity through his kinship. to marry anastasya filippovna barashkova herself, in the film rescuer ganin was the son of two lieutenant colonels, a lieutenant colonel of the regular army and a lieutenant colonel of the medical service, due to which, perhaps, he married a beautiful angel, pure charm, the purest sample on tanya drubich, because of which she wanted to commit suicide quite quickly. here, of course, it is necessary to say that 100 days after childhood, sergei alexandrovich found his psyche, although ... and did not recognize it immediately, when he was looking for a girl for the main role, at some point they brought him thirteen-year-old tanya drubich, in whom, as he said, i saw reason in the eyes, but the girl was not going to act at all, before that she had already played in the fifteenth

spring with inna surenno tumanyan, inna surenno was a wonderful person, but she could not control anything except the film set, when she...

you won't find anyone more wonderful than her, later, by the way, he inserted this episode into

the film rescuer, where tanya hides under an oak tree with her teacher larik, played by sergei kayumovich shokorov, in a terrible rain. the film rescuer was, by and large , a continuation of the fates of the main characters, they already had different names, but in the characters of the rescuer, you can guess all the main characters of the country and after childhood, even. just having grown up, he is played by kaidanovsky, who constantly wears a hat. the film did not sound so strong, after all, there is a feeling that the main character was missing. the lifeguard of the water rescue society, willie tishin, did not quite fit the main character, whose eyes look around. after all, he was a little simple. but here's what happened. the main character throughout the film. is called to the army, he is at the medical commission at the military registration and enlistment office, he

arranges a send-off with a long table in the fog and the young lady is registered for himself, then he they call him up, then they let him go, then they call him back after 3 days, there was such a story in solovyov's life, when they saw nikita mikhalkov off to the army just from the set of the stationmaster, they saw him off four times, at the moment when the film was already being edited, and... our troops entered afghanistan, for the soviet viewer, i will say honestly, there was no tragedy in this at all, in the eighties i was already 13, the draft age was also approaching, the first year, by and large, on what was happening there events were generally indifferent. another matter was the western viewer, who was wound up by the boycott of the moscow olympics, who closely followed the battles that were beginning there. and for him, the boy who is called up to the army, who in the finale of the film

goes there, was in fact a suicide bomber who is taken to afghanistan. i don’t think that sergei alexandrovich was very against this kind of interpretation, i suspect that it was precisely this that helped him get a special prize at the venice festival. at least he talked a lot about the fact that western people saw his film read. completely differently than in his homeland, this feeling of youthful awakening was realized in all three films of the first trilogy, 100 after childhood, the savior, the heiress in a straight line, they all began with the awakening of the youth of the young man in the last film of the girl - on the morning pillow, waving curtains, some kind of fog ... outside the window, flowers in a liter jar,

and not in a vase, in a liter jar, sergei alexandrovich always tried to maximally lower this spiritual pathos, in the heiress in a straight line, the girl declared herself pushkin's direct heir, pushkin did not object, he appeared there again , played by sergei kayumovich shakurov, who actually became the core. in this trilogy, in the first film he played ozhatov, in the second - a literature teacher, in the third pushkin alexander sergeevich, well, you can imagine what a horror it would be if the terribly spiritual pushkin sat on the odessa beach next to a terribly spiritual girl, and he - instead of this pushkin walked along the beach, kicked a tin can and said: "gutsaev is passing on the right flank, passes back to chvadze, chivadze to gavrilov, gavrilov to buryak". a blow, a goal, pure delirium. for a modern viewer, of course, these names will not mean anything, but this

was the main composition of the then soviet national football team, in the mouth of alexander sergeyevich pushkin, it all sounded absolutely gorgeous, very sharply nullifying all the superfluous, unnecessary pathos. at the end of this trilogy, solovyov already actually felt like an accomplished classic, he had already become a national one. russia, he was already a laureate of all sorts of awards, and international film festivals, all he was loved, and he felt that something needed to be changed, something needed to be done, at that moment... he did some crazy tricks like directing a film based on a script by the president of colombia, and he and phillatov , the cameraman lebeshev, spent six months in colombia and he told me that when he went into a bar, the locals would turn around and ask, gringa, he would say: no-no, gringa, rus, because

they treated the gringas there like a sphere, they could torture them for several days in a row, well... there are details about this in his memoirs, and then he somehow switched back to vgik, and actually became the forerunner of modern kazakh cinema, because on the advice of the then chairman of the state cinema of kazakhstan alzhas suleimenov, he took with him a kazakh workshop, he just in the mid -eighties came to

this is still a podcast burn with fire and i its host denis gorelov with a story about the creative path of sergei aleksandrovich solovyov, the best friend of the lilliputians, rockers, kazakh filmmakers and girls with a bitten pear. at that moment, just the idea arose to appoint solovyov as rector at gik. goskino was not at all against it, the union of kemetographers was very much in favor, but the first secretary of the morskoy city committee of the cpsu stood up like a wall, said that he was not a member of the cpsu, could not lead an ideological university and thus closed the road to the leadership of gik for sergei aleksandrovich. the funniest thing is that the first secretary of the moscow igor committee of the cpsu was called boris nikolayevich yeltsin. yes, that was a funny story, solovyov always

told it with pleasure. thus, the road to top teaching. only staging the short film yakhkha, introduced solovyov to a korean who threw coal into the furnace in a st. petersburg boiler room, sometimes strumming a guitar in between. solovyov did not want to get acquainted, he said that there are many koreans who stoke boiler rooms and strummed a guitar, but he was told that the korean was special, the korean, as you well understand, was viktor robertovich tsoi, already at

the end of eighty-seventh year in the newborn program look a... lives with a beautiful young lady, then a young informal with an earring in his hair crosses his path uh, for which he pays with his life, and then

the mafia boss goes under fire, and this of course was an absolutely indian story, sergei alexandrovich loved indian cinema very much, in this capacity it was absolutely to the liking of the soviet people, at first the art-rock festival of the ass was supposed to be in the cinema of the drummer, there was... that people would go to it and so on, but in some way on the one hand a profitable film, it was clear, at that moment comrade vanyan perfectly understood what would happen next, because it was already clear that for a whole month around the cinema they will burn fires, they will play the guitar informally... solovyov found the director of the moscow electric lamp factory dk mels

comrade weinstein exchanged vanyan for weinstein and that's where everything happened, because dkms was located behind the baumanskaya metro station on the outskirts somewhere in the park, and there you could do whatever you wanted and there, in fact, they did whatever they wanted, at night they burned bones there. on the white columns there were paintings of all sorts of sayings by the very young dunya smirnova, on the floor there was a portrait laid out like a carpet leonid brezhnev, however, so that people would not

walk on his face, it was fenced off with pegs and a chain, in general, the honalia was absolutely wonderful, before the start of the shows , the grebeshchiks tsoibrava performed, it was something unthinkable, who was there, he remembers, then... the second part of the trilogy was filmed in the genre of insanity, the black rose is an emblem of sadness, which was filled with advertising on tv for the entire soviet people, when comrade stalin turned to the screen and said: "the black rose is an emblem of sadness, the red rose is an emblem of love, the film was filmed by the creative association ". the third picture, "a house under the starry sky ", had to be slowly rolled up, because there was a rush to release it, because the soviet power suddenly ended. sergei alexandrovich thought

that the actor playing the role of alexei dagaev's best friend, alexei dagaev's best friend , had gone crazy with a golden dose on the day of the premiere,

there were now three of them, mitya died 16 years after the premiere, his father held a funeral service for him in the church on bronnaya, not far from the pushkin theater, where three years later they said goodbye to him, and i was then walking along... the icy tverskoy this wooden fence along tverskoy boulevard tried to overtake the playful little aunty, but couldn't, because she was in a hurry, until i realized that the playful little aunty was just a lilliputian and she was hurrying exactly where everyone else was. to see off the last journey to ilysium of shadows, the best friend, lilliputians, rockers, kazakh filmmakers and girls with a bitten pear, solav sergey alexandrovich, when he was taken away, i got out on tverskaya, was filled with grief, suddenly

slipped so wildly that i almost... fell with a noise all over tverskaya, at that moment grandpa seryoga stuck his head out of the cloud and said, that's how you deserve it, idiot, that's how it's all absolutely right, eh, there's no need, actually, to make a sour face, go to my funeral, get drunk there and tell me what a cheerful cool guy i was, i went to his funeral and got drunk, now i'm telling you all what a cheerful cool guy he was, it was a prompt from the fire of grief, i'm his host denis gorelov with a story about the creative path of people's artist of russia sergei alexandrovich solovyov on his eightieth birthday. all you can find the episodes of the gore ognem podcast on the pervo channel website. hello, this is the baden badon podcast and i am its host, konstantin severinov. today our

guest is denis lagunov, academician of the russian academy of sciences, deputy director of the gomolei institute, one of the main developers of the sputnik vaccine, and today we will talk about vaccines. hello, denis. hello, konstantin. share your thoughts on why, it would seem , after more than 100 years of widespread use of vaccines in medical practice, there are so many doubts about the advisability of their use. is there any answer to this question? in fact, the question is complex. first.

less coverage, on these differences in the number of deaths you can easily calculate, plus statistics from previous years, but the most important thing that i want to note is that in countries where there is no vaccination, despite the fact that there is a vaccine, approximately another million lives are lost according to such approximate, naturally, estimates, that is, which could have been... prevented as a result vaccination, but it is not prevented, what diseases are we talking about in this case, first of all, those included in the ncp, measles, rubella, mumps, that's all that is included in the national vaccination calendar, these are the main diseases, which, accordingly, are the leaders in the number of deaths after infection, now there is also a purely psychological problem with vaccines, we always vaccinate a healthy person, and always treat a sick person, therefore, when a person is sick

and seeks help, especially if he is seriously ill, almost any methods are acceptable interventions when we vaccinate, in the sense that a person accepts them, yes, accepts them, of course, when we vaccinate a person, even if he is sick, he is not sick with the same covid or flu, he thinks that he is healthy, if there is some, even if there is one in a million case, yes , approximately modern vaccines, severe side effects, that is, really very low levels, then even in such a case there is...

the concept of immunosun aging of immunity, accordingly, renewal is required against a number of pathogens, the immune response, that is, its boosting, strengthening, that is, cocaine infection, you know, and there is pneumococcus in the first place, hemophilus influenza and well, and flu, of course, how and whether it is necessary to fight, in general, not a very positive perception in society in the broad sense of vaccinations and such a feeling that what we are already in

the 21st century, we are all developing. and so on and so forth, but it seems that the level of the population's tolerance to this is rather falling, but if these are not some kind of internet effects, yes, i just want to say that any development of vaccines in this sense accompanied. always negative, if you look at the cartoons of the pasteur vaccines, there he is the first vaccine against rabies, yes the first vaccine against rabies, if you look at the cartoons of the smallpox vaccines, here is the first smallpox vaccination, that is the jenner vaccine, then in fact it always met with a reaction from society, people were even chained in england, then there were different times, different morals and they were forcibly vaccinated against smallpox, now it is difficult to imagine such a thing, and it was the state police. today we are trying to explain what this is connected with, here, but in fact, it hasn't disappeared anywhere, it has always been there, there has always been a mistrust of

vaccination, what is it based on, that's what the numbers started saying, one in a million, not one in a million, past vaccines, now they say that past vaccines were good, everyone says that soviet vaccines were made correctly and intelligently, well... in particular, your scene was made very quickly, it ca n't be, but this is actually a funny statement, because, well, now we're looking at cars, yes, that is, cars there from the end of the 19th century and cars from the beginning of the 21st century, they are very different, so the vaccine technologies that pasteur, koch, i don’t know, the great founding fathers used there, they are actually absolutely antediluvian, they were dangerous, but they also brought pain. at the moment , the regulators of any country in the world, simply by allowing nucleic acid, local proteins, will not allow any such vaccine,

that is, everything that is being developed before the new, everything that is being developed again, goes through a huge number of purification stages, for example, about our vaccine, even if talk, then we, you mean sputnik, yes, then we had. several stages of filtration, tangential filtration, two chromatographies, again tangential filtration, two sterile filtrations, that is, in fact, such a quantity, this is actually the main cost of the sputnik vaccine - this is the purification system, that is why it is , it seemed to me that there were critics who said that it was done so quickly that it could not be done well, that is, rather , there was criticism, no, this is technology, konstantin, we you and i must understand that the question here is this and the essence of technological platforms, in that itself... in our institute in the world, we naturally do not distinguish ourselves as some separate institute, separate from the world, no, we mean as a scientific platform, over 40 years there were about 400

clinical trial protocols, then there was the use of the cybola fever in africa, there were more than 1000 people who received the vaccine, several thousand people received ours, so in fact, to say that here is a technological the virus platform is not verified, it's pretty funny, well plus it's a pathogen that exists in humans, initially for millions of years with adenoviruses, and there are no somatic diseases that would be associated, certainly for you, i'll just remind you that adenovirus is a component of the sputnik vaccine, it is not pathogenic in itself, it is found in many people naturally, and this adenovirus was modified so as not to...

to this wild pathogenic phenotype, genotype, naturally, here's such a vaccine older generations, it can cause the very disease against which yes, well, in particular, the flu vaccine, modern flu vaccines, they have already learned to avoid this, they made subunit vaccines, and the live vaccine, there are certain cold-adapted mutants, mutations that do not allow reproduction at normal human body temperature, that is , now modern vaccines are much safer than what was before, this is

the baden badon podcast, i am its host konstantin severinov, my guest is denis lagunov, one of the main developers of the russian vaccine sputnik, and we discuss vaccination in general, the development of new vaccines, the benefits , potential risks of vaccination. so, could you estimate in your opinion, i understand that you are one of the developers, probably interested, but how many doses? of sputnik were used in our country, what is the effect in terms of saved lives, and how many severe cases of side effects were there, according to your information, here are three figures, approximately even here we will move away, respectively, from russian data, we will take the argentine data, they are actually transparent, they are transferred absolutely the same way to the russian population, out of a million, a little more than a million doses, one single severe, serious.

serious adverse event was reported, and this is not yes, not death, but something like this story, in russia it is like this, why why do you think that in russia it is the same, no, in russia the same raid, more, more i think that the case is with us much more doses were used for ours in the whole world, i just when russia you know always they start to doubt, you come to the state duma, you come somewhere else, they tell you, well, you drew it up yourself, we say okay, there is hungary, there is argentina, we cannot influence the ministry of health of argentina and the ministry of health of hungary, we can pull out. statistics on the use of the vaccine from the european one,

you know what happened in russia, in russia i am talking about the same raid, i did not remember the numbers, because it is not even very much, that is, how many, how many people were vaccinated, about, i am not in russia, in russia about 100 million, that is, we are talking about 100 million, that's about, well, according to statistical expectations about 100 people, yes, but in reality there were fewer, something like thirty or 60 cases, there were some statistics, tens, so if 100 million people were vaccinated in our country, you can. not even break it down into different vaccines, let 's not do that, but let's imagine that 100 people were, 100 million were vaccinated, what do you think, what effect in terms of saved lives, it's very easy to answer this question, which actually lies on the surface, you need to just break it down into three parts again, protection from infection, protection from hospitalization, protection from death, death, probably, yes, that's right, absolutely right, everything else can be added in one way or another, but hospitalizations are not particularly morbid, people just don't seek help, yes... and in terms of mortality, you can calmly look at it and here

moscow conducted a very good , correct study, because in fact it may be that when there were clinical trials, this is even a turnaround, i'll be right now talk about all of moscow, there were approximately 5 million 200 people there who were not vaccinated, not covered, and approximately 5-300 vaccinated, and moscow estimated covid, associated deaths, because well, a person is hospitalized, he can die from... about 6,000, i think, more than 10

times, yes, died in the vaccinated group, and it is necessary to take into account - in fact, everything is even more complicated, in fact, it is necessary to take into account that no matter how uniform the vaccination of the population was, it was not obtained, that is, to introduce coefficients, no, well, it seems to me 99.00 against 6.00 on the same sample of people, these are telling numbers, well, of course, they are telling, i just tried.

well, in any case, efforts will be needed, i am absolutely sure of this, the only thing is that if there is an even higher mortality rate, not 1-2%, but i would like this, you know, there is this disease x, for example, you are not working on disease x, well, this is a hypothetical concept, a hypothetical disease, which in some of these mind games it is assumed that it will have a mortality rate there 20 times higher or by some 10%, 20%, yes, yes, that's absolutely right, it is used for modeling and well , except for the theoretical possibility, because the epidemic, no one could predict the coronavirus epidemic until it happened, you worked so quickly, everyone is grateful to you for that, but you can work on a vaccine against a pathogen that doesn't exist yet, you need to work on vaccines against pathogens that already exist, because when we talk about

coronavirus, even covid-19, it already existed, in fact, today we can work on it by the fact that we are creating vaccine preserves, maybe? we are creating a high- readiness vaccine, we are bringing it to, for example, the second stage of clinical trials, that is, we need to create vaccines against existing ones that have high pandemic potential, using platforms that are not necessarily single-virus ones, you can use, in addition to single-virus ones, mrna and subunit different platforms, i am not for the whole world going crazy and making only single-virus vaccines, there should be different vaccines.

during the course of evolution lived together with the same actinic flowers, fungi, got along in the soil, they have natural resistance mechanisms, they use these natural resistance mechanisms in general , they exchange these natural mechanisms with each other more, these super-resistant strains actually sometimes contain plasmids, and genetic elements are stable in order to try to solve the problem of multiple, if we are talking about bacteria, yes of course, if we are talking about viruses. then it is certainly necessary to create a list of vaccines of high readiness and in case getting into the territory of the russian federation to de-preserve such vaccines to use accordingly for vaccinating the population is being carried out of course that is there is a certain list that you or your colleagues are trying

to close using your techno, sephila viruses, lasa, west nile there and so on, according to the list everything that is included accordingly in these approximately 30 pathogens, it means such planned work is being carried out, if there is a deliberate, unintentional, it doesn't matter importation, we just have to be ready, well except in addition, if we are talking about platform solutions, they allow, having been tested for safety in everything, to quickly change , accordingly, the filling, quickly change the genes to make a vaccine against a pathogen that is not included in any lists, therefore, but it will still need to be studied, to prove its effectiveness, and this or you think that the path is paved. in no case, thank you for the question, everything should be brought to at least the second phase of clinical trials, what does this mean? that means the whole clinic, including primates, that is, safety plus effectiveness on primates, safety, naturally, on other types of animals, and then the clinic, which reaches, we are convinced that it is a vaccine.