slice is slowly returning to normal. lesandra run patsy as will gradually and cautiously, life is beginning to return to why a que curfew remains in place at night. but many shops of reopen 5 day in this downtown market homeless shopkeeper, one cat. he says she's still trying to fully recover from the shock of the violence, the rock, the city last week. so the, some of the for me to see and we're still sketch, but we don't have any other option because this is a livelihood. so we need to be here to defend the work and try to return to normalcy. but as you can see, there are a few customers around. as she points through the still close shutters of other stores to suggest it will be a long road to recovery. but welcome to the president's side. when faced most of the previous government didn't have the guts to act and impose the little most people we spoke do seem to agree with president then you know, boys unprecedented military ization of ecuador streets and the takeover of the

prison instead, over the years of largely fall in under the control of drug trafficking games on monday, special forces were again, aggressively patrolling the streets, wrapping up people and receiving applause is by passers by. even if most notice is little more than a stop gap measure of camera, people have told us that while more extreme last week's events or nothing new, as people say they have learned or had to learn to correct this with a game every increasing influence in their persistent requests for extortion money . this taxi driver who doesn't want his identity revealed, says everybody is being the gang to avoid being harmed. telling that the god you live in the house to put food on the table, but you're not sure if you make it back alive. everyone's being a victim. at any moment you could be assaulted or kidnapped to your call stolen,

a company's being robbed at gunpoint, no one is safe. he says he and his colleagues try to protect themselves using an app on their phones to identify when extortion is calling those individual. thank you. yep. is that when i read down the shows i don't answer truces. i try not to answer any on know numbers. it's a way to try to avoid trouble because they don't always call you from the same number. the president then yeah, noble, i says, you will not back down in this war against the drug gangs. but many fear the spectre of violence will remain and that this relative normalcy will be just the law in an ever more entrenched conflict. i listen that i'm 50, as, as you know, like you like how you that said the bottom line is next. the examining the impact of today's headlines. the fear of the

destruction of your everything. international filmmakers and world class john, unless you're saying that these laws actually encourage more violence, 7 hospital stories for a global audience. this is my, you house. this is way what these are 15 so tired of the phrase us from our culture . open your eyes to an alternative view of the world today on how does era a hi, i'm steve clements and i have a question. what can guys this past tell us about it's future? let's get to the bottom line. the for decades guys, i has been the number one hot spot between palestinians and israelis, and it seems so much death and destruction. but it's so much more than today's headlines, for starters, because it is literally thousands of years old, sitting at the crossroads between africa and asia. it's always been a vibrant trading city. and empires have bought over it, including the pharaohs,

the persians, the greeks, the arabs, and the crusaders, now is israel reduces the gaza strip to rumble, killing and maiming tens of thousands of palestinians after her mazda surprise attacked in october. what's going to become of it? have israel's attempts to seal it off from the rest of the world, really works and will the united states and israel ever recognize the central role it plays in the palestinian struggle. today we're talking with sean pierre. feel you a long serving french diplomat and government adviser who is now a professor of middle east studies, as he owns po in paris and he's author of gaza, a history. thank you so much for joining us. let me just start with your book and what, what possessed you, 10 years ago to identify gaza as a rich topic to study and to write this book of its history the best i was. thank you so much. like i'm very tiny invitation. i stopped to goes thinking about the book, the cage, the girl,

since my 1st visit to go. so i was as early as 19 eighties and i came back and back during goes or trusting to show the strategy and to try the 2nd and to try the 2nd to shut off after. and i think this project stuff showing that this is treat. what is it does have to retreat. i'll guthridge during the games, treat most country to home. it's history. is that the history i've got the raising such a 1st floor as you just mentioned, was essential. is that going? the games is very rich. history was going against the nature of got enough cos against their structure of his population. you describe rock of gauze in its historical true form as a place that was lush, that was prosperous. that was a trading essentially a trading state, essentially

a very, very different picture. could you give our audience some understanding of the many thousands of years of the gaza had a very, very different role. busy and you know, sense ability, if you will, between now and, and what used to be it was basically a wages as a, uh, the outlet of the what the has uh, the guys outside me to submit the john nc. and it was a commercial hub between uh i forgot a nation, but also submitted an outlet folder cut off, but it's coming from sir. i've just been in sure. now this is, oh guys that can be known as i said this does that to happen in arabic. because the beginning of the 6th century he wrong, i sent him up in my life. one of the great grandfather of perfect mohammed died didn't get about why he was running the top a palms of so called up to your radio. arrayed yesterday's because the guy that was

key as a trading both forms of projects that are coming from the start of read. yeah. so did you start with, did you do not use a lot of cost us as expected you out to pose, that was uh, yeah, i just sent to that. right, right. and we use of those, you know, call them probably as an kingdom, but also at the same time as a trading foster commission of each other, the huge, the whole cycle. you come and even just city, they have eunice, the to the center. so blood, the beach of baptist units will be the 14th century by your mama in your commander uh gustavo z. and the h was name after he had your list because it was a 100 for a huge commercial uh building is that extended into a full stretch city. so he missed like the rest of his

a guess. our area was basically across road, the trading area and sometimes even a free trade every year. free trade zone for the competing get towers in jerry. yeah. so shop here for 4000 in years, what i'm understanding from you is garza matter. it was on the map of nations, were trading with an intrigue, was happening there. it was an oasis for for the last couple of decades. guys has been getting the massive message. it doesn't matter that the palestine can be an issue that shoved under the rug. tell us about the tension historical tension between gaza that used to matter so significantly and gods have being told, sorry, we don't even want to pay attention to the israel palestine issue as well. is the key of costs as a link between what i've done the imagine frontier agent today is the cause of the jungling or not to balance. the conductor sheets is a click to deny your lives,

opinion, the aspirations. and this is how does uh, the raises across food became does us treat just think about this world, the street. we just treat both for the each flexible, left off the wall as a walk independent from the street. the point of view, a z, a wall by the style of these are welcome to view. the 1st is fairly a rule from the starting point of view of 19 for chase, 1314 not and went to was stopped in january 1949 street towards the left. it was a z on the street left off. what was british mandated by the state? what was our up by this time? because 77 percent of the commission and 22 percent. the feet of the next buys a i should my kingdom of georgia. so this, it gets us treat under educational, sorry,

t was in fuzzy on the street left of iraq published on and it's just the default. what makes it so that was the 1st 3 entities that made that it also suffered from japan as being an issue. that's the one of the guys that becomes who's and that's about uh, must exist. there's something about a student population, the home to the 25 percent of you for about completion of spanish time concentrated on the one percent of each former territory. so it's about a senior, i mean, got that cool, you know, was off of north off because from orders are published. i know from the, from the south is that short and strong should start and gather even in very difficult conditions. so this is how does that give us a center to buy this thing? and you said try to cheat. other story in the was struck by the fact that it was not fully taken into account basic. but as soon as you start your brush, you that goes most center on shows that i'm of course all of the researchers into

the store, but not on the refugees. that stayed on the very end of his time, meaning garza know in 1948. as i understand that prime minister of israel, david been gree on wanted to allow a 100000 of the palestinian refugees who fled to gaza to go back to their village is what was happening there at that point. it was immediately after this fire, when for the 1st and only time the united nations organized in switzerland, the siege of flows of the comprehensive piece sculpture rugs noted to settle on the aspects of these fairly arrived street. and the most pressing issue was the effect of the refugee. so in order for his friend to deal with such a issue that had been going on proposed, was that $20000.00 refugees, the funds of dentists treat won't be resettled into what that becomes the territory

. if you spend this was an unprecedented offer and in fact, the last one, a section of tied back a generate to huge debate can use read because that was a very stronger denial of any return to the risk of g. that's back to pets. the strategy precondition was for uh, goes up to the next by each man as a tools of what proposed been going to settle important for the whole issue. 6 was the shoes by the states and especially yeah. did that, that's for so much and lost so many lives to protect is it gives us treat, ends up for the end of it. but what is interesting and what is really need to sort of wherever need us to be mentor that's been going on with the founder of the state of use, right. understood from the one that does

a because of the concentration of junior richard g into the south west corner of east when we presented it shut edge that we dealt with. and since 1949 you said tried everything was good. huh. and said, oh, and uh, i'm afraid that the spines i'm probably because of the magnitude of the destruction is that she's waiting. all right? no between say again, because the answer to get to the easy yes. a to be you to choose a package and in question, you've written a reset for an affairs article called y garza matters, and i recommend it to everyone to read this in this article. john pierre, you talk about casa, in, in, in part, by the design of is really policy has become the hub, the key hub,

a palestinian nationalism. and that, that much of what we've seen in the tension we've seen was by is real oh, and design and creation in terms of the policies it talk. so how do, how does the future look and, and how do you take guys uh, were you argue it's the key to peace and prosperity to become, you know, something it took to get into a different equation right now when you look at the, you know, the the importance of palestinian nationalism is you've written it and you say it's in gaza. you're not talking about ramallah. you're talking about gaza. yes, go central. and your very right one to line is that even somebody's telling me does some of these details. for years, you didn't get that much attention to go to the website quite each must have meet that is that in 2007. how much to go over against that? and they got to read the floods. the describe as a, as in the know,

does it need them to realize own voltage costs for their mahmoud abbas. what being elected, the president of the senior people are just a 2 years before should come to does that? does that say my adult phone does have to be separated from the rest of the spend and such was another case. so that was denied you're a 1st engine, centrally key by his friend, but also the denial of guns us and try to teach by most of suited. but his team leader sheet and this article for us to start, if we don't from the side to, to repeat the trip petition would be more violent, smoke blood, these approved as long as i started. i and i counted shifting, shifting $15.00, each really was on guns options, biking function. it was was where one for the boat music. everybody's right.

by the way, for the last 4 digits of the except why is it 52 further? because the filter did she try to find the tree. good zip piece dynamics finish that. is that in 1992 booked power, it sucks. how be we is the top priority didn't gauges trade. yeah, me, phone garza, but instead of looking for military solutions, looked for political solution is that towards the beginning of the simple process and 0 slope agreements. so that means that people like to seem totally give sheet as long as the stray gives the ballast and then you just shoot the cost back to the mode. this is international community because it's possible to say that ok, so want to be over that don't really deal, then we stop it. no, no, no, no. does i can a, b, b, c is more, it seemed possible show seats on search to humanity,

but also to risk before the last because they were seeing such a be updating as being butte also brocade of does up for 16 years by the thread was a collaboration of fidgeted dissolves. as she's is brocade, is that literally consolidated? how much greek altogether? and it is. we don't want the samsung truck to worst. that, of course, different to the different place she has to be followed. and it does allow us to be altered to the world. so we the tools as a week, as being not only for centuries, best for millenniums, and falls, or more bitten sheets of the region. the re for goes up. and it's not because you're, you're talking your article john pierre, about a very beautiful different vision that might have taken place might have, i should underscore if james wolfensohn had had his way. it was

a $3000000000.00 development plan in the, in the 19 ninety's thought about it uh, for gaza. james wolfensohn was president of the world bank. and this was undermined by ariel sharon, the prime minister of israel, who was undermined by other forces. but you talk about the importance of getting back to that kind of thinking of returning gaza to a prosperous, major economic hub. is there any prospect of that happening as you see it? and because you talk about it being the way forward, but who is going to do that as well? so again, you know, i'm, i'm just restoring, using my office in the, in power is. but i can see that the, if you still want, since you know, from the head of the world back phone reasonable in 2000 shies for world is 3000000000 dollar plan to develop, go to the not on need to do that. but to invest my understanding of the media

industries on monday for several median. so she's friends, monday to trajectory of the state is it green house is also is fairly set to much know there are 2 gigs that it was about, a cmc in 2005. the whole project was smashed, but only by shown by just court. just for the sheet of the, such as we're building down to everything that's exhaust the problem. disease collection, easiest experience. we're really backed so much money on that. i think it was quite a shout bit because your most of the money is actually be spent for me. i mean the constricting which is actually being give this truck under our various times with the phone, wrist, you know, we'd be, i don't, 0510. i heard incredible mine, but when she just, just to review what existing, what existed, he's not sustainable. he's not sustainable. but it's still young people. it goes

off of this is a right while the future was on the rise. and, and this for reason us to be open this for reason being open, we open up some cheap come changed of that is your rise as far as the whole region of the strategy going to center please press the push. so all these really, all rods are relations. you're a diplomat and an advisor for success is french governments for 2 decades. what would be your advice to not only france but to other governments as they look at this crisis today? and as we try to look forward, well this very moment, i just the key now look at any capacity of not in the mall. and a few should on known official stages. each over about. i'm convinced that you are united you as a key role to play,

not because the true we should all because of your vision in front of it because it's a survey key challenge because for you wrote and we need to mention that, but there is a connection between the war and ukraine, as a warrens immediately still continues playing on both seattle is very clever and you know the falls is you you, craig, and phone to stop? i caught it not to to be most threatened. well, the oil and gas, i'm not going to be stuck back to the dynamics of to stop and you, you open union is the main trade off. now a few strategies of main don't notice about as to now $40000.00 the leverage on both in standards. but what is more important for you to europe in front of you? and i want to stress that is that in the previous decayed we so how much you paid when it done the blind eye from me,

the rest of the crisis is that so she pulls the united states of america all the way editing, quote, and quote that quote, the ship revolution that don't need to blow the, uh, uh, was as yes of the regime launched on his own people. so you don't want to, to, to get you enrolled into resort towards the so called refugee crisis of 2015, as long as you have the at the all way, is that for them. so you're a, as a t, a vested to, i wouldn't even say fighters interest settings issue. and being involved in goes up because at this moment is this is the both the shapes in east bed and the policy and the re now the do not to our z n a g a to, to, to promote situation says is yeah, and go in the in the present to tactics let you go to the strategic ends in

a foreign power to take charge. and because i'm sorry to say america. the katie, it's a vision for peace by letting is duster feet up and they asked to do without any revision for the day after because that the european union for its own sake, us to step in. i'm just wondering, does this one feel different, more than a 100 guys, a heritage sites have been damaged or destroyed? you've got the great omari mosque, the church of saint plus for us, which is what fall to be. the 3rd oldest church in the world destroyed 2000 year old roman cemetery, rock and museum. these are cultural and historic sites. is there something else in your sense going on in this conflict? it's different than others. i was so, so as you just mentioned,

so by me to the destruction of all the sites you mentioned, i believe 2 centuries off walls, invasions, occupation, ease of being damaged at such a degree. so it's always easy to read zip coding because it's part of the memory of many g is that is that he's vanishing in front of our rides. but what is it so to me, more important does a large thing get an impression of the shot? yeah, you know, it is a human human being before the stones, even historical stones ease of cost is that the women and men of guns the ends are kept off. trophy is already exceeding every saying is that by this time and your competitors are not about 1940, like boss ends in mass executives of the student population,

rob owner versus of the year, 1948 searching cells and ballast and cute morris. now we are for 23000 for re more, so reduce the number but actually just proportion because it was one percent of the population of the time enough one percent of the population of, of uh, it does uh, as being cube. and is actually the notifications that it's going to stop, even when he comes to zig z o. just 6 of the subs in that box was a $750000.00 plus the 1st and units being forced out of their homes. now you are nearly a 1000000000 people well being forced inside yourself. so oh for sure. it is. yeah, definitely these place, but in fact the refugees, 2nd with reference to subway were for just for sweeper for me because sometimes

it'll be moving from place to place to ups. okay. or run this is a to buy me to does a tragedy is unprecedented as well. thank you so much for helping us to understand the history of gaza as a great a waste in this region's history. thank you so much french historian john peter, feel you thank you for being with us today. so what's the bottom line after world war 2? diplomats in general, from around the world, created the united nations. they launch the marshall plan to rebuild europe, and they turn the occupation of japan into a re wiring of that nation's politics. it's economy and even national psyche. traumatic time supports us to rethink, to recalibrate and redesign. and that will happen with gaza as well, whether the west likes it or not. israel has cost previous attempts at economic development in gaza, but for thousands of years because a has been a prosperous and losh cross road between north africa and the lavon helping guys

have become what it is always been. is the kind of creative thinking that turns a nightmare into a thriving and robust economy and a state that palestinians will one day be able to cherish and celebrate sure there's a long road ahead. but that's a vision that rhymes with history. and that's the bottom line, the of the memory center for nearly 3 years. evelyn lemitrus has been investigating the chart fen trafficking operation. now she's putting together the team that's going to rate it. and lexie though, they're still quite as b. o. but i said less indeed. i this bit of a humbled shirts then to become

a global commodity prize doesn't agree to it. and the special soup in asia sharps that play the vital role in the ocean for hundreds of millions of years. but the trade is now pushing some spaces to the brink of extinction. there was a trade in short, francis valued at hundreds of millions of dollars a year. i'm returning monday then. okay, one more thing. go that on the reading that i'm assume that we're talking about this week and exclusive access to a team of investigators ain't dismantling a ring a short den traffickers video be medical help a single video, things under the send me until noon. so they were following this car here, as an investigator, and a couple of cops in it, we're going to lead or rates today in the harbor against these traders who they say are putting some species a sharp at risk that deaker gets the feeling that the human mind is incredible,

but it can also oklahoma, sometimes here's a pill that solve the problem in the 1st of a full part seats. so we travel to iceland, which is the highest rate of anti depressant use and you know, that was all so so, so very hard to find and to origin tease, to find out twice. everybody is so popular. you just done exactly the same as when we were babies with our mother. mine's changing the way you think about mental health. on noticing the award winning deb investigations give compelling insights, interview on your toes from asia and the pacific one. 0 one east. on out. just sierra on housing. the costs 20. 24 is set to be the of

elections. lots of stores for the global economy under the umbrella. so i launch a potential political change and will look at the impact of the rising cost of shifting gees and tensions in the red sea. counting the costs on al jazeera, the gunfire, and shelley in the hospital. in concord, israel continues, it strikes on southern goes up the on the bar code. this is, i'll just say read license though. so coming up council announces a new agreement between a boss and israel to deliver medication, an aide, and the goals, and the us launches new strikes on humans, cruces.