hello, everybody. a very warm welcome to talking business weekly with me, aaron hazelhurst. with me, aaron heselhurst. let's go take a look at what's on the show. the world's biggest innovators are tackling the climate emergency. it is here to prove a point that this is commercially fourin four in the generation if he wants the country to thrive. four in the generation if he wants the country to thrive. plus four in the generation if he wants the country to thrive. plus this former head from the division tell me how beijing struggles are affecting all of us around the world. in keeping the internet free and fair, the big boss web browsers tells me our foundation

and fair, the big boss web browsers tells me ourfoundation is and fair, the big boss web browsers tells me our foundation is trying to compete with google and apple and still have an influence. wherever your joining wherever yourjoining me from around the world, bigelow on a warm welcome to the show and china, second biggest economy and more than four times the size ofjapan. times the size of japan. what happens there certainly matters. a year since the government abandon coronavirus lockdowns economist are struggling and including vast debts of the property market in local government soaring youth unemployment at an ageing workforce and trade tension with the united states. lost in decades and some say that was deliberate but it will be achieved according to the imf will finish the assessment in november

while warning big challenges still lie ahead. reaching 5.4% in 2023 and reflecting a strong reopening and rebound in domestic demand particularly consumption. growth will slow as _ particularly consumption. growth will slow as we _ particularly consumption. growth will slow as we expect _ particularly consumption. growth will slow as we expect the - particularly consumption. growth i will slow as we expect the weakness of the property sector to continue. 0f of the property sector to continue. of hasp of the property sector to continue. 0f hasp hooks match between youth properties casting in the economy, our correspondent found out on a trip. our correspondent found out on a tri -. , our correspondent found out on a tri . _ , ., ., our correspondent found out on a tri. , ., ., ,., ., ., trip. this woman brought a flat here but it's largely _ trip. this woman brought a flat here but it's largely empty _ trip. this woman brought a flat here but it's largely empty of— trip. this woman brought a flat here but it's largely empty of its - trip. this woman brought a flat here but it's largely empty of its value i but it's largely empty of its value has collapsed. i am worried, but what _ has collapsed. i am worried, but

what can— has collapsed. i am worried, but what can i— has collapsed. i am worried, but what can i do. has collapsed. i am worried, but what can i dw— has collapsed. i am worried, but what can i tie-— has collapsed. i am worried, but what can i do. there are shells of tower blocks _ what can i do. there are shells of tower blocks that _ what can i do. there are shells of - tower blocks that appear abandoned. supply and demand is limited to this area or this city, you can find clusters of towers of them occupied or unfinished apartments and workers stopped altogether and consider the same things happening in province province across the country. that is enough to house the entire population of italy and also training confidence. also not enough jobs for young people. pa rt part of the problem is less jobs are being treated by foreign companies, foreign investors done by a third compared to the time earlier and

global economic challenge including inflation and thus us china tensions. inflation and thus us china tension— inflation and thus us china tensions. ., , ., ., ., , tensions. not 'ust of a few wealthy eo - le tensions. not 'ust of a few wealthy --eole but tensions. not 'ust of a few wealthy people but a — tensions. not just of a few wealthy people but a common _ tensions. not just of a few wealthy people but a common prosperity i tensions. not just of a few wealthy | people but a common prosperity for all. employment, education, medical services, _ all. employment, education, medical services, elderly care, housing, the environment— services, elderly care, housing, the environment and the like. these issues _ environment and the like. these issues important to people's daily lives are _ issues important to people's daily lives are being steadily integrated into our— lives are being steadily integrated into our plans for national development.— into our plans for national development. with this trend development _ development. with this trend development look _ development. with this trend development look like - development. with this trend development look like and i development. with this trend i development look like and how difficult would be to solve the tensions between socialism and capitalism. i've been speaking to an china economist and they have been addressing the very questions in her new book, the new china playbook. a real pleasure having you on the

show. the challenges for president xijinping, what is the most pressing point? the xijinping, what is the most pressing point? xijinping, what is the most -aressin oint? , ., , pressing point? the chinese economy is undergoing — pressing point? the chinese economy is undergoing a _ pressing point? the chinese economy is undergoing a serious _ pressing point? the chinese economy is undergoing a serious challenge, - is undergoing a serious challenge, hi-h is undergoing a serious challenge, high youth — is undergoing a serious challenge, high youth unemployment, - is undergoing a serious challenge, - high youth unemployment, mountainous debt overhang _ high youth unemployment, mountainous debt overhang and — high youth unemployment, mountainous debt overhang and income _ high youth unemployment, mountainous debt overhang and income growth- high youth unemployment, mountainous debt overhang and income growth the i debt overhang and income growth the people _ debt overhang and income growth the people it's _ debt overhang and income growth the heapie it's saving _ debt overhang and income growth the people it's saving and _ debt overhang and income growth the people it's saving and it's _ debt overhang and income growth the people it's saving and it's really- people it's saving and it's really piqued, — people it's saving and it's really piqued, these _ people it's saving and it's really piqued, these are _ people it's saving and it's really piqued, these are serious- people it's saving and it's really- piqued, these are serious challenges but i piqued, these are serious challenges but i want _ piqued, these are serious challenges but i want to— piqued, these are serious challenges but i want to ask _ piqued, these are serious challenges but i want to ask a _ piqued, these are serious challenges but i want to ask a question, - piqued, these are serious challenges but i want to ask a question, is - piqued, these are serious challenges but i want to ask a question, is the l but i want to ask a question, is the cyclical— but i want to ask a question, is the cyclical or— but i want to ask a question, is the cyclical or structural, _ but i want to ask a question, is the cyclical or structural, is _ but i want to ask a question, is the cyclical or structural, is this - cyclical or structural, is this a permanent— cyclical or structural, is this a permanent decline _ cyclical or structural, is this a permanent decline with - cyclical or structural, is this a permanent decline with more cyclical or structural, is this a - permanent decline with more state control, _ permanent decline with more state control, i— permanent decline with more state control, ido— permanent decline with more state control, i do not— permanent decline with more state control, i do not think— permanent decline with more state control, i do not think so _ permanent decline with more state control, i do not think so but - permanent decline with more state control, i do not think so but the l control, i do not think so but the fact is— control, i do not think so but the fact is the — control, i do not think so but the fact is the chinese economy- control, i do not think so but the fact is the chinese economy did. control, i do not think so but the . fact is the chinese economy did not see this _ fact is the chinese economy did not see this kind — fact is the chinese economy did not see this kind of— fact is the chinese economy did not see this kind of huge _ fact is the chinese economy did not see this kind of huge type - fact is the chinese economy did not see this kind of huge type of- see this kind of huge type of package _ see this kind of huge type of package that _ see this kind of huge type of package that the _ see this kind of huge type of package that the us - see this kind of huge type of package that the us had - see this kind of huge type of. package that the us had during see this kind of huge type of- package that the us had during the pandemic— package that the us had during the pandemic and — package that the us had during the pandemic and there _ package that the us had during the pandemic and there is _ package that the us had during the

pandemic and there is a _ package that the us had during the pandemic and there is a lack - package that the us had during the pandemic and there is a lack of - pandemic and there is a lack of confidence, _ pandemic and there is a lack of confidence, post— pandemic and there is a lack of confidence, post pandemic- pandemic and there is a lack of - confidence, post pandemic recovery as weii— confidence, post pandemic recovery as well and — confidence, post pandemic recovery as well and it's _ confidence, post pandemic recovery as well and it's a _ confidence, post pandemic recovery as well and it's a painful— as well and it's a painful adjustment _ as well and it's a painful adjustment and - as well and it's a painful adjustment and additive as well and it's a painful- adjustment and additive that is as well and it's a painful— adjustment and additive that is the real estate — adjustment and additive that is the real estate. the _ adjustment and additive that is the real estate. the real— adjustment and additive that is the real estate. the real estate - real estate. the real estate tracking _ real estate. the real estate tracking everything - real estate. the real estate tracking everything down. i real estate. the real estate tracking everything down. [j real estate. the real estate tracking everything down. i think most of it is _ tracking everything down. i think most of it is cyclical _ tracking everything down. i think most of it is cyclical and - tracking everything down. i think most of it is cyclical and you - most of it is cyclical and you cannot — most of it is cyclical and you cannot write _ most of it is cyclical and you cannot write off— most of it is cyclical and you cannot write off the - most of it is cyclical and you cannot write off the second i cannot write off the second largest economy— cannot write off the second largest economy as — cannot write off the second largest economy as it— cannot write off the second largest economy as it won't _ cannot write off the second largest economy as it won't overtake - cannot write off the second largest economy as it won't overtake the i cannot write off the second largest i economy as it won't overtake the us at some _ economy as it won't overtake the us at some point, — economy as it won't overtake the us at some point, i— economy as it won't overtake the us at some point, i think— economy as it won't overtake the us at some point, i think that— economy as it won't overtake the us at some point, i think that is- economy as it won't overtake the us at some point, i think that is the - at some point, i think that is the wrong _ at some point, i think that is the wrong assumption— at some point, i think that is the wrong assumptio— at some point, i think that is the wrong assumption china centring this new era shaped _ wrong assumption china centring this new era shaped by — wrong assumption china centring this new era shaped by a _ wrong assumption china centring this new era shaped by a radically - new era shaped by a radically different in younger generation. how with the shift change the chinese economy? with the shift change the chinese econom ? ., with the shift change the chinese econom ? . ., ., ., economy? have not gone to the vicissitudes _ economy? have not gone to the vicissitudes the _ economy? have not gone to the vicissitudes the nations - economy? have not gone to the vicissitudes the nations come i vicissitudes the nations come through. _ vicissitudes the nations come through. they— vicissitudes the nations come through, they have _ vicissitudes the nations come through, they have it - vicissitudes the nations come through, they have it much . vicissitudes the nations come - through, they have it much easier and want — through, they have it much easier and want to— through, they have it much easier and want to spend _ through, they have it much easier and want to spend and _ through, they have it much easier and want to spend and be - through, they have it much easier and want to spend and be more . and want to spend and be more relaxed — and want to spend and be more relaxed and _ and want to spend and be more relaxed and expensive - and want to spend and be more relaxed and expensive much. and want to spend and be more . relaxed and expensive much more and want to spend and be more -

relaxed and expensive much more on things— relaxed and expensive much more on things like _ relaxed and expensive much more on things like leisure, _ relaxed and expensive much more on things like leisure, travel, _ things like leisure, travel, apparel, _ things like leisure, travel, apparel, entertainment. things like leisure, travel, i apparel, entertainment much things like leisure, travel, - apparel, entertainment much more than the _ apparel, entertainment much more than the previous _ apparel, entertainment much more than the previous generations - than the previous generations despite — than the previous generations despite having _ than the previous generations despite having lower- than the previous generations despite having lower income. than the previous generations i despite having lower income and than the previous generations - despite having lower income and that is a new_ despite having lower income and that is a new way— despite having lower income and that is a new way of— despite having lower income and that is a new way of life _ despite having lower income and that is a new way of life for _ despite having lower income and that is a new way of life for the _ despite having lower income and that is a new way of life for the new- is a new way of life for the new generation _ is a new way of life for the new generation. we _ is a new way of life for the new generation-— generation. we saw the youth unemployment _ generation. we saw the youth unemployment past _ generation. we saw the youth unemployment past the - generation. we saw the youth unemployment past the 2196 i generation. we saw the youth - unemployment past the 21% mark generation. we saw the youth - unemployment past the 2196 mark but unemployment past the 21% mark but beijing is cracking down on youth focus industries like private tuition, technology and gaming. i thought helped or hindered ) is skill and education mismatch and graduates, where do they go, university diploma and what kind of jobs are there. the university diploma and what kind of jobs are there-— jobs are there. the 25 million manufacturing _ jobs are there. the 25 million manufacturing jobs _ jobs are there. the 25 million manufacturing jobs to - jobs are there. the 25 million manufacturing jobs to be - jobs are there. the 25 million l manufacturing jobs to be filled jobs are there. the 25 million - manufacturing jobs to be filled but these _ manufacturing jobs to be filled but these families— manufacturing jobs to be filled but these families and _ manufacturing jobs to be filled but these families and paid _ manufacturing jobs to be filled but these families and paid enormousl these families and paid enormous sums— these families and paid enormous sums for— these families and paid enormous sums for the _ these families and paid enormous sums for the education _ these families and paid enormous sums for the education and - these families and paid enormous sums for the education and the i sums for the education and the

crackdown _ sums for the education and the crackdown of _ sums for the education and the crackdown of the _ sums for the education and the crackdown of the sector, - sums for the education and the crackdown of the sector, they i sums for the education and the i crackdown of the sector, they do sums for the education and the - crackdown of the sector, they do not want their— crackdown of the sector, they do not want their kids — crackdown of the sector, they do not want their kids to _ crackdown of the sector, they do not want their kids to be _ crackdown of the sector, they do not want their kids to be in— crackdown of the sector, they do not want their kids to be in some - want their kids to be in some factories— want their kids to be in some factories but— want their kids to be in some factories but that _ want their kids to be in some factories but that mass - want their kids to be in some factories but that mass is - want their kids to be in some . factories but that mass is really important — factories but that mass is really important lry— factories but that mass is really important by the _ factories but that mass is really important by the government . factories but that mass is really important by the government is raising — important by the government is raising the _ important by the government is raising the status _ important by the government is raising the status of _ important by the government is raising the status of these - important by the government is raising the status of these jobsl raising the status of these jobs with less — raising the status of these jobs with less discrimination - raising the status of these jobs with less discrimination and . raising the status of these jobs. with less discrimination and that raising the status of these jobs - with less discrimination and that is happening — with less discrimination and that is happening really— with less discrimination and that is happening really rapidly. _ with less discrimination and that is happening really rapidly. find - with less discrimination and that is happening really rapidly.— happening really rapidly. and she wondered if— happening really rapidly. and she wondered if the _ happening really rapidly. and she wondered if the chinese - happening really rapidly. and she i wondered if the chinese government policies are forward—looking enough to embrace this whole new generation was green beer looking continuous with policies in the world and the ambition is to make china higher value _ ambition is to make china higher value chain — ambition is to make china higher value chain and _ ambition is to make china higher value chain and train _ ambition is to make china higher value chain and train engineers i ambition is to make china higher. value chain and train engineers and technical— value chain and train engineers and technical workers _ value chain and train engineers and technical workers and _ value chain and train engineers and technical workers and that - value chain and train engineers and technical workers and that is - value chain and train engineers and technical workers and that is the i technical workers and that is the direction — technical workers and that is the direction and _ technical workers and that is the direction and tutorial— technical workers and that is the i direction and tutorial programmes, this is— direction and tutorial programmes, this is gone — direction and tutorial programmes, this is gone really— direction and tutorial programmes, this is gone really out _ direction and tutorial programmes, this is gone really out of— direction and tutorial programmes, this is gone really out of hand - this is gone really out of hand because — this is gone really out of hand because of— this is gone really out of hand because of this _ this is gone really out of hand because of this policy, - this is gone really out of hand because of this policy, all- this is gone really out of hand because of this policy, all of. this is gone really out of hand - because of this policy, all of them want _ because of this policy, all of them want to— because of this policy, all of them want to make _ because of this policy, all of them want to make their— because of this policy, all of them want to make their kids _ because of this policy, all of them want to make their kids dragons. because of this policy, all of them . want to make their kids dragons and phoenixes _ want to make their kids dragons and phoenixes and — want to make their kids dragons and phoenixes and they— want to make their kids dragons and phoenixes and they would _ want to make their kids dragons and phoenixes and they would empty - want to make their kids dragons and i phoenixes and they would empty their bank accounts — phoenixes and they would empty their bank accounts to _

phoenixes and they would empty their bank accounts to do _ phoenixes and they would empty their bank accounts to do that _ phoenixes and they would empty their bank accounts to do that and - phoenixes and they would empty their bank accounts to do that and indeed, i bank accounts to do that and indeed, they exploited — bank accounts to do that and indeed, they exploited that _ bank accounts to do that and indeed, they exploited that demand - bank accounts to do that and indeed, they exploited that demand by - bank accounts to do that and indeed, they exploited that demand by the i they exploited that demand by the private _ they exploited that demand by the private sector— they exploited that demand by the private sector is _ they exploited that demand by the private sector is a _ they exploited that demand by the private sector is a major— they exploited that demand by the private sector is a major driving. private sector is a major driving force _ private sector is a major driving force of— private sector is a major driving force of the _ private sector is a major driving force of the economy _ private sector is a major driving force of the economy and - private sector is a major driving - force of the economy and providing the lion's— force of the economy and providing the lion's share _ force of the economy and providing the lion's share of— force of the economy and providing the lion's share of the _ force of the economy and providing the lion's share of the jobs - force of the economy and providing the lion's share of the jobs which . the lion's share of the jobs which means— the lion's share of the jobs which means social _ the lion's share of the jobs which means social stability— the lion's share of the jobs which means social stability and - means social stability and innovations _ means social stability and innovations in— means social stability and innovations in the - means social stability and - innovations in the government means social stability and _ innovations in the government knows that they— innovations in the government knows that they actively _ innovations in the government knows that they actively try _ innovations in the government knows that they actively try to _ innovations in the government knows that they actively try to support - that they actively try to support the private _ that they actively try to support the private sector— that they actively try to support the private sector might - that they actively try to support the private sector might be - the private sector might be sceptical— the private sector might be sceptical but _ the private sector might be sceptical but there's - the private sector might be sceptical but there's been i the private sector might be| sceptical but there's been a the private sector might be - sceptical but there's been a slew of policies _ sceptical but there's been a slew of policies coming _ sceptical but there's been a slew of policies coming forth _ sceptical but there's been a slew of policies coming forth changing - policies coming forth changing attitude — policies coming forth changing attitude of— policies coming forth changing attitude of the _ policies coming forth changing attitude of the private - policies coming forth changing attitude of the private sector. | policies coming forth changing i attitude of the private sector. [5 attitude of the private sector. [£3 hi i attitude of the private sector. big problems is that, attitude of the private sector.“ big problems is that, especially in property market, to very large property market, to very large property developers, debts of around $200 billion, debts of around hundred $90 billion in something like 26 million homes, this is mean china can no longer rely on the property market for economic growth? the pre—pandemic trend, most of them never— the pre—pandemic trend, most of them

never covered _ the pre—pandemic trend, most of them never covered almost— the pre—pandemic trend, most of them never covered almost back _ the pre—pandemic trend, most of them never covered almost back to _ never covered almost back to pre-pandemic_ never covered almost back to pre—pandemic levels - never covered almost back to pre—pandemic levels but - never covered almost back to pre—pandemic levels but real| never covered almost back to - pre—pandemic levels but real estate is what _ pre—pandemic levels but real estate is what is _ pre—pandemic levels but real estate is what is dragging _ pre—pandemic levels but real estate is what is dragging chinese - pre—pandemic levels but real estate is what is dragging chinese growth i is what is dragging chinese growth down _ is what is dragging chinese growth down the — is what is dragging chinese growth down. the government _ is what is dragging chinese growth down. the government is - is what is dragging chinese growth down. the government is not - is what is dragging chinese growthi down. the government is not going back to _ down. the government is not going back to that— down. the government is not going back to that in _ down. the government is not going back to that in the _ down. the government is not going back to that in the real _ down. the government is not going back to that in the real estate - down. the government is not going back to that in the real estate in . back to that in the real estate in the high — back to that in the real estate in the high housing _ back to that in the real estate in the high housing prices- back to that in the real estate in the high housing prices of- back to that in the real estate inl the high housing prices of people not want — the high housing prices of people not want to— the high housing prices of people not want to have _ the high housing prices of people not want to have children - the high housing prices of peoplel not want to have children because they cannot — not want to have children because they cannot afford _ not want to have children because they cannot afford the _ not want to have children because they cannot afford the living - not want to have children becausej they cannot afford the living space and it _ they cannot afford the living space and it is— they cannot afford the living space and it is positive _ they cannot afford the living space and it is positive social— they cannot afford the living space and it is positive social concern- and it is positive social concern and it is positive social concern and developers _ and it is positive social concern and developers of _ and it is positive social concern and developers of corona - and it is positive social concern- and developers of corona borrowed soccer— and developers of corona borrowed soccer clubs — and developers of corona borrowed soccer clubs have _ and developers of corona borrowed soccer clubs have behaved - and developers of corona borrowed soccer clubs have behaved some i soccer clubs have behaved some responsibly _ soccer clubs have behaved some responsibly. we _ soccer clubs have behaved some responsibly. we have _ soccer clubs have behaved some responsibly. we have to - soccer clubs have behaved some . responsibly. we have to remember there's— responsibly. we have to remember there's hundreds _ responsibly. we have to remember there's hundreds of— responsibly. we have to remember there's hundreds of millions- responsibly. we have to remember there's hundreds of millions of- there's hundreds of millions of people — there's hundreds of millions of people that _ there's hundreds of millions of people that are _ there's hundreds of millions of people that are going - there's hundreds of millions of people that are going to - there's hundreds of millions of people that are going to move | there's hundreds of millions of- people that are going to move from these _ people that are going to move from these areas — people that are going to move from these areas but _ people that are going to move from these areas but it— people that are going to move from these areas but it will— people that are going to move from these areas but it will be _ people that are going to move from these areas but it will be a long - these areas but it will be a long painful— these areas but it will be a long painful adjustment— these areas but it will be a long painful adjustment because - these areas but it will be a long . painful adjustment because these people _ painful adjustment because these people do— painful adjustment because these people do not— painful adjustment because these people do not have _ painful adjustment because these people do not have the _ painful adjustment because these people do not have the income i painful adjustment because these people do not have the income toj painful adjustment because these i people do not have the income to be ”p people do not have the income to be up to— people do not have the income to be up to purchase — people do not have the income to be up to purchase these _ people do not have the income to be up to purchase these apartments - people do not have the income to be| up to purchase these apartments and allow these _ up to purchase these apartments and allow these apartments _ up to purchase these apartments and allow these apartments to _ up to purchase these apartments and allow these apartments to be - up to purchase these apartments and allow these apartments to be turnedl allow these apartments to be turned into affordable _ allow these apartments to be turned into affordable housing _ allow these apartments to be turned into affordable housing which - allow these apartments to be turned into affordable housing which is - into affordable housing which is consistent — into affordable housing which is consistent with _ into affordable housing which is consistent with china's - into affordable housing which is| consistent with china's common prosperity— consistent with china's common prosperity and _ consistent with china's common prosperity and supporting - prosperity and supporting middle—income _ prosperity and supporting middle—income groups i prosperity and supporting i middle—income groups can prosperity and supporting - middle—income groups can be a prosperity and supporting _ middle—income groups can be a good thin- middle—income groups can be a good

thing too _ middle—income groups can be a good thing too ihe— middle-income groups can be a good thin too. , ., ., thing too. the selling of land, the local government _ thing too. the selling of land, the local government sought - thing too. the selling of land, the local government sought the - thing too. the selling of land, the local government sought the land | local government sought the land that used to be a cash cow and not straight up and some of these governments simply will not have the funding to provide the services that they need to provide an education. is a major issue and if there is anything — is a major issue and if there is anything that _ is a major issue and if there is anything that was _ is a major issue and if there is anything that was going - is a major issue and if there is anything that was going to - is a major issue and if there is. anything that was going to be the biggest _ anything that was going to be the biggest challenge _ anything that was going to be the biggest challenge to _ anything that was going to be the biggest challenge to the - anything that was going to be the| biggest challenge to the economy going _ biggest challenge to the economy going forward _ biggest challenge to the economy going forward because _ biggest challenge to the economy going forward because of- biggest challenge to the economy going forward because of some i going forward because of some responsihility_ going forward because of some responsibility for— going forward because of some responsibility for the _ going forward because of some responsibility for the economyl going forward because of some i responsibility for the economy in 50% of— responsibility for the economy in 50% of revenue _ responsibility for the economy in 50% of revenue came _ responsibility for the economy in 50% of revenue came from - responsibility for the economy in 50% of revenue came from land| responsibility for the economy in - 50% of revenue came from land sales and that— 50% of revenue came from land sales and that is— 50% of revenue came from land sales and that is gone _ 50% of revenue came from land sales and that is gone, there _ 50% of revenue came from land sales and that is gone, there to— 50% of revenue came from land sales and that is gone, there to find - and that is gone, there to find alternative _ and that is gone, there to find alternative sources _ and that is gone, there to find alternative sources of - and that is gone, there to findj alternative sources of revenue and that is gone, there to find - alternative sources of revenue that rely on _ alternative sources of revenue that rely on entrepreneurs _ alternative sources of revenue that rely on entrepreneurs and - alternative sources of revenue that . rely on entrepreneurs and companies to do— rely on entrepreneurs and companies to do well— rely on entrepreneurs and companies to do well and — rely on entrepreneurs and companies to do well and collect _ rely on entrepreneurs and companies to do well and collect taxes. - to do well and collect taxes. talking _ to do well and collect taxes. talking about _ to do well and collect taxes. talking about manufacturing to do well and collect taxes. - talking about manufacturing being a driving force of economic growth, i think it accounts for 20% of the economy but i'm wondering, have we seen the end of china being the

factory floor and other industries coming into play?— factory floor and other industries coming into play? making real stuff, technical stuff _ coming into play? making real stuff, technical stuff is _ coming into play? making real stuff, technical stuff is really _ coming into play? making real stuff, technical stuff is really important - technical stuff is really important in china — technical stuff is really important in china wants _ technical stuff is really important in china wants to— technical stuff is really important in china wants to be _ technical stuff is really important in china wants to be a _ technical stuff is really important in china wants to be a bigger- technical stuff is really important in china wants to be a bigger and smarter— in china wants to be a bigger and smarter germany— in china wants to be a bigger and smarter germany using - in china wants to be a bigger and smarter germany using ai - in china wants to be a bigger and smarter germany using ai data . in china wants to be a bigger and . smarter germany using ai data and communications _ smarter germany using ai data and communications to— smarter germany using ai data and communications to do _ smarter germany using ai data and communications to do added - communications to do added manufacturing. _ communications to do added manufacturing. it _ communications to do added manufacturing. it is - communications to do added manufacturing. it is very- communications to do added i manufacturing. it is very much communications to do added - manufacturing. it is very much still the goal— manufacturing. it is very much still the goal but — manufacturing. it is very much still the goal but to _ manufacturing. it is very much still the goal but to climb _ manufacturing. it is very much still the goal but to climb up— manufacturing. it is very much still the goal but to climb up the - manufacturing. it is very much still the goal but to climb up the value i the goal but to climb up the value chain _ the goal but to climb up the value chain let — the goal but to climb up the value chain, let alone _ the goal but to climb up the value chain, let alone manufacturing. the goal but to climb up the value chain, let alone manufacturing isl chain, let alone manufacturing is moved _ chain, let alone manufacturing is moved to— chain, let alone manufacturing is moved to neighbouring - chain, let alone manufacturing is moved to neighbouring countries chain, let alone manufacturing is - moved to neighbouring countries and that is— moved to neighbouring countries and that is where — moved to neighbouring countries and that is where the _ moved to neighbouring countries and that is where the crackdowns - moved to neighbouring countries and that is where the crackdowns on - that is where the crackdowns on real estate _ that is where the crackdowns on real estate on _ that is where the crackdowns on real estate on the — that is where the crackdowns on real estate on the system _ that is where the crackdowns on real estate on the system doesn't- that is where the crackdowns on real estate on the system doesn't see iti estate on the system doesn't see it as a real— estate on the system doesn't see it as a real economy. _ estate on the system doesn't see it as a real economy. let _ estate on the system doesn't see it as a real economy.— as a real economy. let me in on this. as a real economy. let me in on this- this _ as a real economy. let me in on this. this beijing, _ as a real economy. let me in on this. this beijing, president - as a real economy. let me in on this. this beijing, president xi i this. this beijing, president xi jinping, do they care about the role of the china plates on the global economy, especially the conflicts with the domestic agenda was meant

about the role of the china plates? the us is the worlds largest economy but at _ the us is the worlds largest economy but at no _ the us is the worlds largest economy but at no point — the us is the worlds largest economy but at no point did _ the us is the worlds largest economy but at no point did he _ the us is the worlds largest economy but at no point did he make - the us is the worlds largest economy but at no point did he make the - but at no point did he make the decisions — but at no point did he make the decisions the _ but at no point did he make the decisions the spread _ but at no point did he make the decisions the spread of - but at no point did he make the decisions the spread of the - but at no point did he make the i decisions the spread of the impact on global— decisions the spread of the impact on global economy— decisions the spread of the impact on global economy based - decisions the spread of the impact on global economy based on - decisions the spread of the impact i on global economy based on external environment — on global economy based on external environment but _ on global economy based on external environment but rather— on global economy based on external environment but rather solely- on global economy based on external environment but rather solely on - environment but rather solely on domestic— environment but rather solely on domestic economic— environment but rather solely on domestic economic conditions i environment but rather solely on domestic economic conditions in| domestic economic conditions in chinas— domestic economic conditions in china's challenges— domestic economic conditions in china's challenges today - china's challenges today overwhelmingly - china's challenges today overwhelmingly internal| china's challenges today - overwhelmingly internal and the focus _ overwhelmingly internal and the focus is — overwhelmingly internal and the focus is internal— overwhelmingly internal and the focus is internal but _ overwhelmingly internal and the focus is internal but it— overwhelmingly internal and the focus is internal but it wants - overwhelmingly internal and the focus is internal but it wants to. focus is internal but it wants to play _ focus is internal but it wants to play a — focus is internal but it wants to play a bigger— focus is internal but it wants to play a bigger role _ focus is internal but it wants to play a bigger role in the - focus is internal but it wants to play a bigger role in the global| play a bigger role in the global economy— play a bigger role in the global economy and _ play a bigger role in the global economy and there's - play a bigger role in the global economy and there's no - play a bigger role in the global- economy and there's no contradiction saying _ economy and there's no contradiction saying they— economy and there's no contradiction saying they want _ economy and there's no contradiction saying they want to _ economy and there's no contradiction saying they want to be _ economy and there's no contradiction saying they want to be critical- economy and there's no contradiction saying they want to be critical and - saying they want to be critical and dependent — saying they want to be critical and dependent on _ saying they want to be critical and dependent on certain— saying they want to be critical andl dependent on certain technological components— dependent on certain technological components lry— dependent on certain technological components by same _ dependent on certain technological components by same time, - components by same time, globalisation _ components by same time, globalisation in _ components by same time, globalisation in terms - components by same time, globalisation in terms of i components by same time, - globalisation in terms of investment and trade _ globalisation in terms of investment and trade. ., globalisation in terms of investment and trade. . , , , globalisation in terms of investment and trade. . , ,, ., and trade. extra pressure on the show and good _ and trade. extra pressure on the show and good luck _ and trade. extra pressure on the show and good luck with - and trade. extra pressure on the | show and good luck with the book will check in with you soon. china is to forge a new economic path but whatever choices it makes there will be considerable consequences of the

rest of the world, have been discussing that with the professor of global trade instead of the international funds. of global trade instead of the internationalfunds. a real pleasure having on the show and it does seem pretty clear the china's economy is exactly firing on all cylinders. how big of a problem is that the rest of the world? the big of a problem is that the rest of the world? , . ., big of a problem is that the rest of the world? , _, ., , the world? the second largest economy in — the world? the second largest economy in the _ the world? the second largest economy in the world - the world? the second largest economy in the world and - the world? the second largestl economy in the world and since the world? the second largest - economy in the world and since the global financial crisis of 2008, china has been the main driver of growth and adding even more to the global demand that the united states, and the second largest economy slows down, the demand for commodities, and people are holding back on consuming and this means overall global demand is much weaker thanit overall global demand is much weaker than it would otherwise be stopped by the economic relationship between china and the united states has

by the economic relationship between china and the united states— china and the united states has been defined by these _ china and the united states has been defined by these tariffs _ china and the united states has been defined by these tariffs and _ china and the united states has been defined by these tariffs and other - defined by these tariffs and other trade restrictions. the reality that china faces the relationship between the the reality that china faces the relationship between the chinese and the us is going _ relationship between the chinese and the us is going to _ relationship between the chinese and the us is going to remain _ relationship between the chinese and the us is going to remain rocky - relationship between the chinese and the us is going to remain rocky for i the us is going to remain rocky for a while but it china buzz buzz and tend to move into what is seen as the industries of the future, clean energy, green technologies which happens to be the areas with the us is trying to establish its dominance become the central point and at that moment where businesses and private confidence are, the ongoing tensions between the us and china, bring anything to help the consumers and business confidence.

foreign companies investing more lecturing but what happens if that does not work?— lecturing but what happens if that does not work? have been trying to romote does not work? have been trying to promote innovation _ does not work? have been trying to promote innovation domestically i does not work? have been trying to l promote innovation domestically and the difficulty of the private sector feels it does not have the support has been holding back an investment in china and foreign technology and now that you have geopolitical tensions in the chinese economic slow down foreign investors from coming into china, there also bringing expertise with them and i'll make it very difficult for china to accomplish many of its economic objectives. haifa china to accomplish many of its economic objectives. economic ob'ectives. how important ato - economic ob'ectives. how important ato hel economic objectives. how important atop help repute _ economic objectives. how important atop help repute china's _ ? i'm coming back from travels in china and that _

? i'm coming back from travels in china and that seems _ ? i'm coming back from travels in china and that seems to - ? i'm coming back from travels in china and that seems to be i ? i'm coming back from travels in china and that seems to be very i china and that seems to be very significant disconnect between what the government is saying and continuing and they feel that the government is much more hostile towards but to make sure no private enterprise, the problem face that they need the private sector small and medium enterprises and have been very important for generating employment growth and unless the government can fix this problem of declining private sectors and business confidence, it's going to be a tough slog for the economy. the $1 trillion marking its tenth anniversary and that is the building infrastructure in an attempt to fuel economic growth and things like

ports increase to railways and is that spending likely to slow now that spending likely to slow now that china struggling so much economically at home? it's an expense of the government to use this and other initiatives to try to use its financial clout to increase its geopolitical power around the world at a receiving is from the countries he gave money to and generating good returns, that means now the economy is weak and i think we are seeing _ now the economy is weak and i think we are seeing that _ now the economy is weak and i think we are seeing that we _ now the economy is weak and i ii�*u “if. we are seeing that we considerations from beijing undertaking —— reconsidering and accepting losses of its landing because of the economic costs of writing off those

loans in the symbolic element of beijing not wanting to be seen as having made adjustments. it does not look very good for the central government in beijing encouraging these investments in heavy losses at a time were chinese citizens to tighten their belts because the economy is not doing so well. [30 tighten their belts because the economy is not doing so well. do you think positively _ economy is not doing so well. do you think positively in _ economy is not doing so well. do you think positively in crisis _ economy is not doing so well. do you think positively in crisis and - think positively in crisis and consumerism are more like tend to put their hands in their pockets. do you think the global growth buying cheap from china, do you think that is now offered? that cheap from china, do you think that is now offered?— is now offered? that depends on whether or _ is now offered? that depends on whether or not _ is now offered? that depends on whether or not we _ is now offered? that depends on whether or not we have - is now offered? that depends on whether or not we have seen - is now offered? that depends on whether or not we have seen the is now offered? that depends on - whether or not we have seen the end of globalisation. there are geopolitical and other reasons why naming adventurers are moving away from china is a key component of the

supply chains but the reality is, they're still going to try to find they're still going to try to find the cheapest products we can will try to find the cheapest ways of producing what consumers want and very fast prices consumers around the world and dipping in the pockets to spend? thank you for your time and will talk to you soon. you to spend? thank you for your time and will talk to you soon.— and will talk to you soon. you very much. i speaking, _ and will talk to you soon. you very much. i speaking, how— and will talk to you soon. you very much. i speaking, how much - and will talk to you soon. you very | much. i speaking, how much water and will talk to you soon. you very i much. i speaking, how much water as you are a not—for—profit foundation making sure that plays a positive role, that is the challenge of the chair of the foundation every day, every project is the firefox web browser that normally doesn't come preinstalled on our devices. thank you for coming on the programme, one

of the biggest goals of making an open—source to all, how can you do that for china when the internet is so heavily censored there? censorship and the technology and how things work and going to the un next week_ how things work and going to the un next week to discuss these topics and how— next week to discuss these topics and how it — next week to discuss these topics and how it works, and sense stability— and how it works, and sense stability in society. in and how it works, and sense stability in society.— and how it works, and sense stability in society. in many places look to service _ stability in society. in many places look to service economic - stability in society. in many places look to service economic growth, l stability in society. in many places . look to service economic growth, how important it is a free and fair

internet and relieving that contribute stipend now the growth stop that is such an important question and it allows competition allows new things to develop and you need a free internet to reach consumers level the playing field and to be able to compete without having to start having products up and down the way the giants are ready to how do you take on the likes of apple and google) has $118 billion, but it's a heart problem, it is not? it billion, but it's a heart problem, it is not? , . , billion, but it's a heart problem, it is not? , ., , ., it is not? it is a very hard battle and competing _ it is not? it is a very hard battle and competing with _ it is not? it is a very hard battle and competing with any - it is not? it is a very hard battle and competing with any child i it is not? it is a very hard battle i and competing with any child stuff we do _ and competing with any child stuff we do about it and did the giants

are working in a long time coming. open—source is done not by numerous occasions _ open—source is done not by numerous occasions but — open—source is done not by numerous occasions but it takes time and take some _ occasions but it takes time and take some changes in the environment and revise _ some changes in the environment and revise helief— some changes in the environment and revise belief that technology and internet — revise belief that technology and internet should not be immune from regulation _ internet should not be immune from regulation because that is a citizens— regulation because that is a citizens and societies exercise the vision _ citizens and societies exercise the vision of— citizens and societies exercise the vision of life in the business world nonprofit— vision of life in the business world nonprofit status is because we make decisions _ nonprofit status is because we make decisions that an investor might push _ decisions that an investor might push the — decisions that an investor might push the internet closer towards the balance _ push the internet closer towards the balance stoplights and she wants firefox. — balance stoplights and she wants firefox, you seen your share of markets — firefox, you seen your share of markets plummeted from 30% to around 3%, is _ markets plummeted from 30% to around

3%, is the _ markets plummeted from 30% to around 3%, is the point where it's to compute _ 3%, is the point where it's to compute the guns? it might seem like we like _ compute the guns? it might seem like we like the _ compute the guns? it might seem like we like the browser but underneath that, at _ we like the browser but underneath that, at the browser is an art piece of software — that, at the browser is an art piece of software. the only protection you have is _ of software. the only protection you have is whatever protection the operating system tissue which is a general— operating system tissue which is a general level can provide some security— general level can provide some security and review firefox as having — security and review firefox as having representing you and that is what we _ having representing you and that is what we do with that. everything from _ what we do with that. everything from protecting you to allow you to change _ from protecting you to allow you to change simple things to a much deeper— change simple things to a much deeper things that consumers don't experience directly, we compete because — experience directly, we compete because that question of who represents the individual and the technological society is critical. the biggest source of cash and a half billion dollars a year that google pays to be the default search engine on firefox at the moment, google is on trial in the usjustice

department accuses it of shutting out rifles from positions of being the highly profitable default search engine on rep browsers, what about the trial that can lead to loss without money from google. haste the trial that can lead to loss without money from google. we have been doin: without money from google. we have been doing that _ without money from google. we have been doing that for _ without money from google. we have been doing that for some _ without money from google. we have been doing that for some time, - without money from google. we have been doing that for some time, also l been doing that for some time, also have a _ been doing that for some time, also have a long—term change in consumer habits _ have a long—term change in consumer habits and _ have a long—term change in consumer habits and customers and business relationships and so, there is some catastrophic changes such as the one that you _ catastrophic changes such as the one that you said in the future and we will address it but long term peace of how _ will address it but long term peace of how instant that the internet and impact _ of how instant that the internet and impact on _ of how instant that the internet and impact on society as a more positive benefit _ impact on society as a more positive benefit for— impact on society as a more positive benefit for society than today, we'tt _ benefit for society than today, we'll continue with that even if the form _ we'll continue with that even if the form of— we'll continue with that even if the form of work changes. the we'll continue with that even if the form of work changes.— we'll continue with that even if the form of work changes. the big boss

of mozilla, thank _ form of work changes. the big boss of mozilla, thank you _ form of work changes. the big boss of mozilla, thank you for _ form of work changes. the big boss of mozilla, thank you for coming i form of work changes. the big boss of mozilla, thank you for coming on the show we will speak to you soon. do not forget, you can keep up with the latest on the global economy with the bbc news website and the smartphone app and follow me. thank you for watching. bye—bye. hello there. there really are some treacherous traveling conditions around as we head into sunday morning. major incident was declared in cumbria. there's been over a foot of snow falling in some places and we've got a wintry mix of rain, sleet and snow pushing eastwards across other parts of england and wales at the moment, leading to some icy conditions given how cold it's been. and some areas will see some snow as well, particularly here across england and wales, ito three centimeters, but five to 10 centimetres over the hills of wales and into the peak district. further north, scotland and northern ireland, clearer skies, a bit of mist and fog, and it will be a really cold and frosty start, but not quite so cold by the morning

across southern areas where we've got the rain and wintry moves away from eastern most parts of england early in the morning. and then england and wales look quite cloudy. some further rain coming into the southern areas, a risk of some snow over the welsh hills. further north, we'll have some sunny spells for scotland and northern ireland. a few showers coming onto some eastern coasts. some parts of scotland remain below freezing all day, probably cumbria as well. but further south it is getting a little bit mild at eight degrees, perhaps double figures in the far southwest heading into monday. this area of low pressure will bring more wet weather and some windy weather as well, particularly for england and wales. most of it is going to be rain, but there's the threat of some more snow, particularly over the hills of wales and also into the pennines too.

but we'll also find as the wind picks up, more wintry showers coming into eastern scotland. much of northern ireland likely to be dry with some sunshine. temperatures are slowly creeping up a little bit, five, six degrees widely for england and wales and also for northern ireland. still cold over much of scotland. now that area of low pressure is going to hang around for a while. it does slowly start to pull away as we head into tuesday. still some windy conditions, though, around some of these north sea coasts. and we still have some rain. it looks like it will be mostly rain. and as that pulls away, we'll see more sunshine arriving during the second half of the day, signalling a cold night probably on tuesday night. and for many parts of scotland, those temperatures onlyjust getting above freezing, whereas further south, those temperatures are at sixes and sevens. now, as we head further on into the week, we are going to find those temperatures rising as it turns wetter and also it turns windier. goodbye.

live from washington. this is bbc news.

israel pulls its negotiators out of talks with hamas as it bombards southern gaza with airstrikes. aid agencies have sounded the alarm. french police confirm the suspect in a fatal attack was on the security services watch list. more than 110 nations pledge to triple the world's capacity to produce renewable energy by the end of the decade. and gloria steinem sits down with the bbc to discuss how feminism has changed over the decades. i'm helena humphrey, good to have you with us. a german tourist has been killed and two people injured after an attack near the eiffel tower, in central paris. the french interior minister gave an update a short time ago. gerald darmanin said the suspect was targeting tourists and allegedly told police he was upset by the situation in gaza.

he has now been arrested.