after the panel of a plane blew out mid—flight, two airlines find loose bolts on some boeing 737 max 9 aircraft. and different brush strokes for different folks. how changing career was a dream come true for one artist. and coming up on bbc news, one of the greatest — attributes continue forjpr williams, the world legend who's williams, the welsh legend who's died at the age of 7a. hello. scientists say globally last year was the hottest on record

with temperatures beating the previous high recorded in 2016. it comes as the met office issues a fresh warning for the uk saying forecasts for this year could see temperatures breach critical levels in the battle against global warming. our climate editorjustin rowlatt is here with all the details. the world experienced some really extraordinary temperatures last year. the average temperature for the year was 1.48 degrees celsius above pre—industrial levels. it beat the previous hottest year, 2016, by a margin of 0.17 celsius, that s a huge amount for a global average, say climate scientists. just look at this. the grey lines show temperatures each year since 1940. the red line shows 2023. you can see it started off pretty unexceptional in terms of global temperatures.

but from july onwards, the world began a remarkable and almost unbroken streak of daily air temperature records. 210 days set a new daily global temperature record, according to bbc analysis of the data from the eu climate organisation copernicus. the effects of these record temperatures have been devastating. wildfires raged across southern europe this summer. vegetation parched by heatwave and drought was tinder—dry. many tourists and locals had to flee for shelter. the exceptional european heatwave was just one example of the impacts of the record global temperatures in 2023. 0ur climate is changing, and it's changing drastically, and not only is this recorded in record temperatures around the world but it's also recorded

in the frequency and intensity of extreme events, and what we've seen in 2023 were seven of the months of that year were the warmest months on record. the main driver of these record temperatures was greenhouse gas emissions, mostly carbon dioxide. but extra heat also came from a weather fluctuation in the pacific called el nino, where warm ocean waters come to the surface. the uk got off relatively lightly — it was the second hottest year on record here, but the heatwave injune brought some severe impacts. high temperatures and low rainfall meant oxygen levels plunged in some rivers, leading to an unprecedented number of fish death incidents, according to angling groups. the oxygen reader is telling me it's1.7% oxygen when it should be 60% to 100%. it left fish gasping, making them easy pickings

for the flocks of seagulls — just one example of the effects of the high temperatures the world is experiencing. justin — what are the prospects for this year? asi as i said in my report, the pacific ocean is in the el nino phase which means it is radiating additional heat into the atmosphere, which is one reason why the met office here in the uk is saying that there is a good chance this year will be even hotter than 2023 and they are also saying more than likely it will be more than 1.5 celsius above preindustrial levels, remember, that was the target we were supposed to limit temperature too, agreed by the world in paris in 2015. even more worryingly, scientists say in a few years�* time we will probably look back on 2023 and say it was quite a cool year, unless, that is, we do something quite dramatic to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. so what

are we doing?— carbon dioxide emissions. so what are we doing? well, there was some aood are we doing? well, there was some good news. — are we doing? well, there was some good news. the _ are we doing? well, there was some good news, the cop28 _ are we doing? well, there was some good news, the cop28 climate - good news, the cop28 climate conference in dubai, it was agreed there that the whole world came together and agreed to transition away from fossil fuels, the main generator of greenhouse gas emissions, there was also commitments to treble renewable energy, wind power, solar power, capacity, by 2030, also to double energy efficiency by encouraging people for example to switch to electric cars, now, countries are not obliged to do this but it is significant that they are making these promises publicly.- these promises publicly. justin brown, thank _ these promises publicly. justin brown, thank you. _ these promises publicly. justin brown, thank you. -- - these promises publicly. justin brown, thank you. -- justin i these promises publicly. justin - brown, thank you. -- justin brown brown, thank you. ——justin brown it. in the last few minutes it has emerged that the former post office box says she will hand back her cbe with immediate effect. this is amid the fallout from the horizon it scandal which led to the wrongful prosecution of hundreds of sub—postmasters. henry zeffman is

live at westminster. so, breaking news in the last couple of minutes, henry? news in the last couple of minutes, hen ? ., ., ., , news in the last couple of minutes, hen ? ., , news in the last couple of minutes, hen ? . ., . , ., news in the last couple of minutes, hen ? w, ., , ., ., henry? the extraordinary power of a tv drama, henry? the extraordinary power of a tv drama. she _ henry? the extraordinary power of a tv drama, she stood _ henry? the extraordinary power of a tv drama, she stood down - henry? the extraordinary power of a tv drama, she stood down as - henry? the extraordinary power of a tv drama, she stood down as chief i tv drama, she stood down as chief executive of the post office in 2019, since this tv drama which has really swept westminster, dominated the landscape, she has maintained silence, and in the last few moments she has broken that silence she says she has broken that silence she says she is truly sorry for the devastation caused for the sub—postmasters caught up in this it failure and she says that she will hand back her cbe with immediate effect, that is an extraordinarily unusual move, but the pressure on how to do just that has been growing. yesterday we had wishing you —— rishi sunak�*s a spokesman saying he wanted the award of the cbe to be reviewed, and she has clearly decided to pre—empt that and she has decided to hand back the

honour herself. £31 she has decided to hand back the honour herself.— she has decided to hand back the honour herself. of course, we would not want to — honour herself. of course, we would not want to stray _ honour herself. of course, we would not want to stray into _ honour herself. of course, we would not want to stray into the _ not want to stray into the judiciary, we have huge respect for the judiciary who do an exceptionally good job, this is completely unprecedented, we will want to— completely unprecedented, we will want to have exhausted all alternatives before taking that action — alternatives before taking that action. �* , ., action. and henry, there are suggestions _ action. and henry, there are suggestions throughout - action. and henry, there are suggestions throughout the l action. and henry, there are i suggestions throughout the day action. and henry, there are - suggestions throughout the day that the government is looking at fast tracking the appeals of the hundreds of postmasters and mistresses who were wrongly prosecuted? the government — were wrongly prosecuted? tue: government said were wrongly prosecuted? tte: government said yesterday were wrongly prosecuted? tt2 government said yesterday that they were looking at this urgently. at the most radical end of the spectrum of options that they have is passing a law in parliament to quash all of the remaining hundreds of convictions which have not been overturned on appeal, and speaking in the house of commons just moments ago, alex chalk, thejustice secretary, said that that very idea is under active consideration. that would be strikingly unusual, perhaps

evenin would be strikingly unusual, perhaps even in this context unprecedented, but ministers increasingly seem to believe that just that sort of extraordinary move is what fits the scale of what they now say openly is one of the greatest miscarriages of justice of the modern age.- justice of the modern age. henry zeffman, justice of the modern age. henry zeffman. at _ justice of the modern age. henry zeffman, at westminster, - justice of the modern age. henry zeffman, at westminster, thank| justice of the modern age. henry - zeffman, at westminster, thank you. america�*s top diplomat, anthony blinken, has been meeting the israeli prime minister, benjamin netanyahu, along with his war cabinet, to discuss the conflict in gaza. mr blinken says he again pressed for more to be done to avoid civilian casualties in the palestinian territory. yolande knell is live injerusalem. difficult talks no doubt, yolande, what is likely to be achieved, do you think? tt what is likely to be achieved, do you think?— you think? it is very difficult to sa but you think? it is very difficult to say but blinken _ you think? it is very difficult to say but blinken knows - you think? it is very difficult to say but blinken knows that - you think? it is very difficult to say but blinken knows that he | you think? it is very difficult to l say but blinken knows that he is coming here at a very serious moment for the region. first of all, with his message about reducing the numbers of civilian casualties, about dealing with the dire humanitarian situation. he has got this commitment from the israeli military that it is now moving

towards a lower intensity of warfare in that about what we are actually seeing on the ground still is battle is raging, and intense israeli airstrikes. it is possible that mr blinken will be able to get some new commitments on aid, there will be talk of new talks on the possible release of israeli hostages, then, on this big subject about preventing a new regional war, a spread of the war in gaza, that is really difficult, and you can seejust war in gaza, that is really difficult, and you can see just how difficult, and you can see just how difficult because even in the course of the day, we�*re having reports from southern lebanon that israel has killed hezbollah operatives there, and has a hezbollah, a lebanese armed group, says it has attacked an israeli army base. 0n attacked an israeli army base. on top of all of that, mr blinken does want to talk about the future, it is very difficult with so much happening on the ground, but he wants to have a clear post—war vision for gaza and he wants to talk about laying the path for the

creation of a future palestinian state, saying that we�*ll win israel support with arab countries around the region, enable closer relations there, but it is a very hard sell in israel right now.— israel right now. yolande knell, live in jerusalem, _ israel right now. yolande knell, live in jerusalem, thank- israel right now. yolande knell, live in jerusalem, thank you. i united airlines says it has found multiple bolts that needed tightening during checks on its boeing 737 max—9 aircraft. the inspections were ordered after part of the fuselage of an alaska airlines plane blew out in mid—air. theo leggett reports. for passengers, it would have been terrifying — an unused cabin door blew off a boeing 737 max minutes after take—off from portland airport on friday, leaving a gaping hole in the fuselage. there was just a really loud boom which was so startling and the plane just filled with wind and air. and it�*s just crazy, because that shouldn�*t happen, right? you know something is wrong and you don�*t know what. i didn�*t know where the air was coming from. the oxygen masks dropped.

170 aircraft of the same type were grounded as investigators began examining the plane. the door was found in a back garden not far away. alaska airlines, which had been operating the flight, says it has since found loose door bolts in other aircraft in its fleet. another american carrier, united, has made a similar discovery. that could indicate a wider problem that goes beyond one aeroplane. we need to, first and foremost, figure out what happened here on this aircraft. if we have a bigger, systemwide orfleet issue, we will issue an urgent safety recommendation to push for change. for boeing, this is extremely serious. the 737 max is its best—selling aircraft, but its safety record has already been badly tarnished. two crashes involving the plane in indonesia and ethiopia a few years ago killed 346 people. the company was accused of putting

profits before passengers�* lives and hurrying a flawed aircraft into service. boeing insists it has changed since then, and safety is its number one priority. but campaigners including a former boeing manager say the rush to build planes quickly has caused serious problems in the factories where the plane is built. in the factories where i get people contacting me all the time. they tell me that it�*s worse than it was when i was there. so no, i�*m not at all surprised. i mean, we are fortunate. this might be a major blessing to have such a highly visible incident occur that will cause them to have to admit that they have some serious problems. in a statement, boeing said: as operators conduct the required inspections, we are staying in close contact with them and will help address any and all findings. we are committed to ensuring every boeing aeroplane meets design specifications and the highest but suggestions that lax production

standards could have contributed to friday�*s accident will inevitably put more pressure on boeing and could raise further questions about the 737 max itself. many people i wondering, how far could this problem go? absolutely. i think the stakes _ could this problem go? absolutely. i think the stakes are _ could this problem go? absolutely. i think the stakes are really _ could this problem go? absolutely. i think the stakes are really high i think the stakes are really high here, clive. this plane, nobody was hurt on board but if that accident had occurred a few minutes later in the flight when people were not belted in with their seat belts, when it was travelling higher up, it could have been a lot more serious, people could and probably would have been killed. so the question then becomes, is the problem something relatively isolated, affecting one aircraft, ora relatively isolated, affecting one aircraft, or a handful, relatively isolated, affecting one aircraft, ora handful, ora couple of hundred, or is it indicative of a wider cultural problem within boeing? that is the question that investigators will be looking at, at the moment. because boeing has spent the moment. because boeing has spent the past four years telling us all that it the past four years telling us all thatitis the past four years telling us all that it is a changed company, that it puts safety first. if it turns out that there is a cultural problem in its factories, then the question becomes, what other safety issues

might be lurking out of sight? that is what investigators are looking for, that is what the regulations are looking for, and what is at stake is boeing�*s credibility and passengers�* confidence in this aircraft, which has proved extremely popular without lines. tt is aircraft, which has proved extremely popular without lines.— popular without lines. it is 'ust sh ofa popular without lines. it is 'ust shy of a quarter i popular without lines. it is 'ust shy of a quarter past i popular without lines. it is 'ust shy of a quarter past one, i popular without lines. it isjust shy of a quarter past one, our| popular without lines. it is just i shy of a quarter past one, our top story... former post office boss paula vennells says she will hand back her cbe. coming up... plans to make social housing providers carry out emergency repairs within 2a hours. coming up on bbc news — attention turns to the league cup later, with the first of the semifinals between 2004 winners middlesbrough of the championship and premier league side chelsea, who�*ve won the competition five times before.

new analysis by the bbc shows 70% of maternity units aren�*t as safe as they should be. one reason is a shortage of staff, with many nhs trusts in england needing an average of 25 more midwives. catherine burns has more, and her report does show a baby being born by caesarean section. let�*s go have a baby! maternity units are places where miracles can happen. where new life begins. hello! congratulations! forfamilies, emotions are at the extremes from fear... i�*m nervous and excited at the same time. to sheerjoy and wonderment. i've never seen a baby being born before. it'sjust amazing. for that first precious touch between dad...

hey! hello! and daughter. she's trying to open her eyes. did you want some more breastfeeding support from us? for the staff, there�*s pride. it�*s been amazing to look after the women in croydon. they�*ve been so lovely. but they face real challenges, with some leaving the profession they loved. i miss it, but i also mourn it. so i mourn it because i don�*t see it improving. in november, we revealed that 67% of maternity units in england weren�*t meeting safety standards. since then, a slight decline. now 70% aren�*t safe enough. one reason behind this is staffing. there are just 7% more midwives now than ten years ago. i think the most important thing is staffing, you know, having the right numbers of workforce, doing the right things, keep women and families safe. so welcome to the labour ward. so this is where the magic happen happens. exactly.

here at croydon university hospital, there are about 40 midwives short, but newly qualified phoebe isaac loves it. i'm very privileged to be able to be in this role. it's such an amazing job and i wouldn't change it there�*s a shortage of 2,500 midwives in england. 91 nhs trusts have told us about their midwife staffing levels. they vary in size, but on average, trusts are 25 midwives short. i think it�*s actually been really amazing. oh, that's so sweet. it means a lot. there is a plan and progress to train and hire more midwives. another worry, though, is keeping more experienced staff. the reason i left is because i decided i couldn�*t be one of those providing unsafe care for people. hannah williams worked as a midwife in a different part of the country. at 35, she quit the job she used to love. if you do not have enough midwives

to care for the number of people that are requiring your care, then the safetyjust goes. i may have just about preserved safety, butjust preserving safety shouldn�*t be enough in the nhs. i am optimistic for the future because we�*re doing... as england�*s chief midwifery officer, it�*s part of kate brentwood�*s job to keep midwives in the role. things already are improving. we�*ve got 700 more midwives imposed. we�*ve seen sickness rates going down, our retention rates are improving. staff are starting to feel and report to us through our frontline conversations with leaders in services that things are feeling better. baby xenia left hospital a day after she was born. and now she�*s settling into life with mum and dad, nicole and michael. when she was born, i was just so happy. the best feeling ever. catherine burns, bbc news. in washington, a court

is to consider whether donald trump can be criminally prosecuted on federal charges over his efforts to overturn the results of the 2020 presidential election. the case is significant, because unlike many of the other charges the former president faces in various courts, his efforts in trying to thwart joe biden�*s victory took place while he was still in office. mr trump claims he has absolute immunity from any prosecution while serving in the white house. gary 0�*donoghue is live in washington. and that is at the heart of mr trump�*s�*s defence, isn�*t it, gary, and it is what is pivotal to this case? . �* , and it is what is pivotal to this case? . �*, . and it is what is pivotal to this case? . h ., case? yeah, it's a huge case, clive, not 'ust case? yeah, it's a huge case, clive, notjust for— case? yeah, it's a huge case, clive, not just for donald _ case? yeah, it's a huge case, clive, notjust for donald trump _ case? yeah, it's a huge case, clive, notjust for donald trump and i case? yeah, it's a huge case, clive, notjust for donald trump and for. notjust for donald trump and for the shape of this crucial election year, but also for the country and for the nature of the presidency. at issue here is whether or not a president has absolute immunity for anything he does, frankly, while

president. donald trump says he does. the department ofjustice says he doesn�*t. and that is what this appeal court is trying to decide today. it will determine whether or not that case involving january the 6th in which donald trump is facing four charges, you remember, on that indictment, whether that case can go ahead. the former president didn�*t have to come to this court today, but he is going to come and sit and listen into these legal arguments, because these events are notjust legal events, they are political events for donald trump. he sets up the news cycle with them, and he also, crucially, raises a lot of money off the back of them. so they are central to his campaign strategy. and in the coming weeks, we will find out whether or not this coming year is going to be dominated by donald trump�*s court cases or just buy the election itself. gary o'donoghue _ just buy the election itself. gary o'donoghue there, _ just buy the election itself. gary o'donoghue there, live - just buy the election itself. gary 0'donoghue there, live in 0�*donoghue there, live in washington. the six—day strike byjunior doctors in england, the single longest

continous period of industrial action in nhs history, has come to an end. the doctors�* union the british medical association wants a 35% pay rise to make up for below—inflation increases in previous years. but the health secretary, victoria atkins, says she�*s only prepared for more negotiations if the bma has "reasonable expectations". emergency repairs to social housing will have to be carried out within 24 hours under new government proposals. it�*s part of a pledge to introduce awaab�*s law, named after awaab ishak, a baby who died after being exposed to mould in his family 5 social housing flat in rochdale. here�*s rowan bridge. a little boy who was suffocating in his own home. two—year—old awaab ishak died following exposure to mould and damp. these are photos from the family flat in rochdale. where they washed, where they ate, they were surrounded by mould. the family had complained to their housing provider for years, but nothing was done. rochdale boroughwide housing,

we have a message for you. stop discriminating, stop being racist, stop housing people in homes you know are unfit for human habitation. in the wake of the toddler�*s death, action was promised. now the government�*s proposing legal requirements for social landlords to tackle problems — 14 days to investigate hazards such as damp and mould, starting fixing the problem within a further seven days, and emergency repairs within 24 hours. landlords that fail to meet the standards can be taken to court and ordered to pay compensation. awaab�*s death and the coroner�*s report were, as i said at the time, a hammer—blow to the nation�*s conscience. but since arriving in this role, i�*ve been determined to ensure that tenants, both in the socially rented sector and in the private rented sector, are in warm, safe and decent homes. in a statement, awaab ishak�*s parents say they hope no family will have to go through the pain they�*ve been through.

their barrister says the proposals are a step forward. throughout their time with awaab, they built up a bit of a distrust with authority because of their experiences. so i'm pleased for them that they're now seeing awaab's law get the consultation stage, and it'sjust really important now that awaab's law is able to have the intended bite. so for us, it's particularly important that people really do engage with this consultation. the process will last eight weeks, with the government promising to bring measures into force as soon as possible after that. more than three years on from the death of awaab ishak, his legacy moves another step closer to becoming law. rowan bridge, bbc news. let�*s take a look at some of the day�*s other news. there was little christmas cheer on the high street, according to the latest industry figures. total uk retail sales were up byjust1.7% in december compared to growth of 6.9% a year earlier. the british retail consortium, who monitor sales, warns

that shoppers and retailers face a challenging year ahead. the president of france, emmanuel macron, has appointed his education minister, gabriel attal, as his new prime minister. the 34—year—old is the youngest person to take up the role and the first to be openly gay. he will now have the task of leading the french government into important european parliament elections in june. snoring can be annoying, of course, if it keeps those around you awake, but it isn�*t usually harmful to the person making the noise. however, snoring caused by sleep apnoea can be dangerous, resulting in breathing difficulties. now a new gadget can help, as david gregory—kumar explains. where else to talk sleep and obstructive sleep apnoea, but in a hotel? and in this box is a device now on trial that will completely change how we diagnose this serious problem. but over time, the...there�*s

obviously an increased risk of accidents, which can be very serious. it also can affect your heart and the cardiovascular system, so that can lead to an increased risk of stroke or problems with high blood pressure. getting a sleep apnoea diagnosis is complex — you pick up this wearable monitor from a hospital, where you�*re taught how to put it on. then, once it�*s in place, you try and get a good night�*s sleep. the next day, you have to return it to the hospital for lengthy analysis. back at the hospital, the data from that device is then analysed by a technician — that can take two or three hours — they produce a report that goes to the consultant, who then gets back in touch with the gp and the patient with the suggested course of action. but all of that can be replaced with this tiny device here — and it�*s quicker, easier and cheaper. now being trialled in coventry and warwickshire, this small device is posted to a potential sleep apnoea sufferer.

they stick it to their throat, and overnight, it records and analyses their sleep, ready for the consultant to look at. 0ur sleep consultant is really pleased with the change because basically, it would mean they would spend less time doing all the diagnosis, and more time actually treating the patients. faster, easier and cheaper than the existing test — if the trial goes well, many more patients with sleep apnoea will be diagnosed and helped. david gregory—kumar, bbc news. many people dream of completely changing careers, following a burning desire, making a hobby, perhaps, into a business. but when one primary school teacher decided to leave herjob and start painting, creating a work every day, she could never have imagined the success she�*d have. using the name margo in margate, margo mcdaid has now built a huge fan base, and is aunching her own exhibition. colin paterson has her story.. meet the artist known as margo in margate. i�*m loving what i do and i think, hopefully, you know, that shows up

in the artwork, as well. the actress drew barrymore is a fan. i�*m going to go in hard. margo�*s work is seen on celebrity gogglebox, and now she has her own solo show in brighton. a decade ago, margo completely changed her life. she was a primary school teacher in inner—city london when tragedy befell one of her pupils. there was a little girl in my class who was put on... i was actually one of the people who put her on the at—risk register. and, sadly, yeah, she was murdered with her mum and that did actually — that really changed my life. margo decided to quit teaching and pursue her lifelong dream, and for the last ten years has created at least one painting every single day. and so i started drawing little small pictures in my bedroom every night on a desk. and ijust thought, that�*s what i�*m going to do — i�*m going to paint every single day for ten years.

despite living in nearby ramsgate, she adopted the name margo in margate. i�*m margo mcdaid, but i work as margo in margate and then anything�*s possible. i have so much freedom as an artist to do and be creative. super—fan cara is typical of the kind of devotion she inspires. the look of love in the upstairs hallway. love, as you can see, is the theme. now, in the kitchen, this is elvis. this is one of margo's personal favourites. in our bathroom — you to me are everything. until last year, margo hadn�*t sold any pictures for more than £250. that�*s changing. banksy�*s spokesperson has become her agent and now, at the age of 54, the mother of two boys has her own show in brighton�*s helm gallery. margo, how does it feel to see this? it is unbelievable. i absolutely love it. so much colour. and to see everything together in one room, it�*s. . . it�*s mind—blowing.

it�*s just fantastic. next, margo has the us in her sights and wants to encourage other people to take risks and follow their dreams. make time for something that you love doing, and maybe that�*s where you should go. colin paterson, in margate, for bbc news. back to the breaking news story this lunchtime: the former post office boss paula vennells has said she will hand back her cbe with immediate effect, amid the fallout of the horizon it scandal which led to the wrongful prosecution of hundreds of sub—postmasters. henry zeffman is at westminster henry, one wonders what the reaction will beat all this later on? well. will beat all this later on? well, this scandal _ will beat all this later on? well, this scandal has _ will beat all this later on? well, this scandal has been _ will beat all this later on? well, this scandal has been rippling . will beat all this later on? -tt this scandal has been rippling along the surface for years, but in the last few days, it ripped through westminster, and i think paula vennells�* decision is a reflection

of the intense, extraordinarily intense reaction to that tv drama. i think the big, immediate question now is, what is the government going to do? they are certainly doing nothing to dampen down expectations of a law quashing all the outstanding convictions. there�*s also outstanding questions for fujitsu and the post office, although those questions may have to wait until after the completion of the public inquiry which is ongoing. and then the biggest question of all, which the sub—postmasters could be forgiven for asking today, which is, what took you all so long? helm; is, what took you all so long? henry zeffman at — is, what took you all so long? henry zeffman at westminster, _ is, what took you all so long? henry zeffman at westminster, thanks. i time for a look at the weather. here�*s chris. we had a lovely start to the day across the north of wales. these altocumulus lenticular clouds lit up by the sun across the north wales area of anglesey. it is a brighter day to day with more sunshine to go

around, but we still have the lingering