as its furniture. with the curve folding, we dance with the metal. joe's investigating the future of passwords and passcodes, and they're looking a little different. it's probably not enough to fool you, but can it fool a machine? ai in agriculture — how technology is helping farmers in india to make smarter decisions about their crops. and the robot that sinks seaweed. in the future, we'll be able to gather like, information about wind speeds, temperatures on the surface and map everything. scooters. they're lean, nifty, greener than cars — really green if they're electric. but there's one thing about them that could still be greener — the way they're made and what they're made from.

this is stilride one. it has one very unusual feature. its chassis is made from one piece of steel. all the curves, all the lines have been folded like origami, following a design by its creator tue beijer. with the curve folding, we dance with the metal.

the reason is notjust about aesthetics. see, a typical scooter is assembled in special factories from more than 100 parts, and then it's shipped around the world. but for this bike, all that would need to be sent anywhere is the design. because a bike, if you would send a bike in a crate, you're shipping air. you don't want to ship air. whether you're in sweden, you're in england, you'll probably find sheet metal, right? so it's better to send the code rather than to send yourfinal product. that's a very, very efficient way to do it, you know? so you want to produce near the end customer. i've been given permission to fire the laser. the plan is for locally—sourced steel to be laser—cut into a flat chassis pattern and then for robots to bend it

into the right shape like these ones are currently doing for other simpler objects. all in all, there are 15 components, including a saddle that also starts life flat. and once it's all been folded up, it comes here to be welded. and it looks like this. while the design is still being perfected, the prototypes are bent manually. the curved folds in particular are hard to get your head around. stilride has developed its own software to calculate how to get the shapes that they need with help from a hand—cranked folding machine — back at the office, that is. but i know what you're thinking. without all those bolts and screws and separate supports, can a folded piece of metal be strong enough to ride around on? if you put a straight fold into a material, it doesn't become that strong

because even if you lock one side of the fold, it can carry on bending, like that. but if you put a curved fold into a material, then as you change the shape on one side of the fold, it forces the other side into a particular shape, too. and that means, if you lock this side into position, the whole structure becomes rigid. the best example i've seen of that is your french fries container, which is pretty flimsy when you're only using the straight folds on the edge, but there are two curved folds on the bottom, and if you engage those, the whole thing locks into place and your chips don't fall out. the bike that we created now, or the chassis that we've done for the stilride one, compared to a competitor bike, it's a tubular frame, a typical scooter. we created a chassis that's even 50 times stronger or more stiff, rigid than the tubular frame. stilride has bigger ambitions

than just two wheels of steel. parts of larger vehicles could also be made this way, along with the footings for wind turbines that would imitate tree roots and... really, even whole bridges? well, maybe in sections. one step at a time, though. the scooter goes into production later this year and it'll cost 15,000 euros. that was bringing back memories of trying to build flat—pack furniture. yeah, but here you a nice, personal... one day — a robot to bend it into shape for you. true. now, if i was to ask you your mother's maiden name, the place that you were born, and the name of your first pet. would you tell me? no! correct. because? because then you'd have enough to reset my password. and we've all been there — created those wonderful, unique passwords, but then realised we've got so many websites to use them on that you don't know which password goes with which website.

yeah, exactly. but we might soon all be able to leave passwords behind because the tech giants are working on a new passwordless solution called passkeys. now this is where, whenever you log onto a website or a service, your phone vouches for you. for more on passkeys, here comesjoe tidy in a mask and a wig. pass key. passkey. pass key. you may not yet have heard of them, but passkeys are the future of how we stay safe online. dozens of internet businesses, large and small, are hoping this new bit of tech will finally kill off the password. so what are passkeys and why are they a step up from what we've been doing all these years? well, if you think about an online service as a door, you get in by putting in your password or a passcode. but this is obviously insecure as all a fraudster needs is the code or password, and they're in. a passkey acts a little bit like a key card. it checks who i am as well as if i have the right code.

but with passkeys, it's all done on a device and with clever encryption. setting up a passkey takes a few minutes. the online service asks you to verify your identity using your device. it's not hard, but it is more of a hassle than setting up a username and password like we've always done. so why is this huge shift taking place and is it worth it? well, it's because passwords are, and always have been, a terrible way to keep us safe. how bad are passwords as a security measure? awful. i would say that, if a company is restricting things only by password, they're100% vulnerable. we will always get in. cori macy is a hacker for the good guys. she's been breaking into computer networks for companies for years to help them improve defences. people are really bad when they create passwords. nine out of ten times, when i go into an environment and i try the password "summer2023" or "winter2023",

you're going to get a few accounts. we find that people frequently use seeded passwords like nashvillepredatorsiz. that's the first password that they made. and then, across every platform, they'lljust change it a very minuscule amount. passkeys — they're going to help things? yes. make yourjob harder? definitely harder. yeah. the field is always changing. passwords can, of course, be made more secure if you're willing to put the effort in. keeping a password secure these days, is a bit of a process. first of all, of course, you've got to have really complex passwords across every different online service. impossible to remember. so then you need a password manager, then you need to have multi—factor authentication as well. so if you try and log in to a service that you don't normally have on, let's say this device, it's a hassle. it's no surprise that the cybersecurity world has largely failed to get the general public to jump through the hoops needed to make passwords safe. my password manager needs an authentication code. so now, whether we like it

or not, the future of logging in online is through our phones with thumbprints, pin codes and increasingly, facial id. but how safe is your face? well, here in the fraud lab, at online identity expert onfido, they think like criminals to try and trick login services and improve security. it's probably not enough to fool you... but can it fool a machine? well, you can make the 2d version at home very simply, printing it off the right size and then cutting out some holes. it's very unsophisticated. it's low tech. these masks, as you can see, they vary in quality. and the trick there is some of them might look similar to the person that's on the document. but what we found increasingly over the last few years, certainly, is that we've found more and more, what i would call professional fraudsters. they want to ramp it up. they want to be doing several hundred checks or onboarding attempts over the course of an hour. instead of using masks, they've started using deepfakes

in the biometrics side of it. so i am now you. yep. and if you smile, you'll have my smile. yep. that's my smile. yeah. that's the weird thing, because the photo doesn't have my smile on it. because you sent us a single front—on shot, and again, this isn't from the video you sent. oh, this is from just a still picture? yep. and i could have done this from an image on the internet. and now we're both you. so weird. jonathan, come and have a look. you've got to come and be me. yep. there's joe, the cameraman. see, i'm doing twojobs. the speed of innovation in fraud is always worrying, but never more so than in the last year, as deepfake tech has become more sophisticated and readily available. if you look just around the edge of the screen here, can you see there's a...?

it's just about to ask, how do you actually spot it? but i can see a little bit of... distortion. it's picking up this... pattern. here. yeah, right. and if you lookjust around the edge of my face, sojust around here, when i move, sometimes you can see there's a bit of a distortion there as it sort of switches. i can barely see it. right. but this is the thing. you're obviously trained for this and... yeah. and it's becoming harder and harderfor human beings to spot this stuff, which is why we are retraining machine learning models to do it. even with advances in deepfake tech, simon and his team agree that passkeys that use biometrics like facial id are a massive improvement on passwords. no system will ever fully be hacker—proof, but passkeys do mean that the future's brighter for our lives online. ai is touching every part of our lives, and the food that ends up on our tables is no different. but could the tech really help farmers transform the way that they produce crops? our correspondent in india, archana shukla, has been finding out. indian farmers have traditionally relied

apples at the time tonight any wrongdoing, but was concerned with ongoing legal gusts. a new substance has been discovered which could reduce lithium using batteries by up to 70%. the material has since been used to power a light bulb. irate used to power a light bulb. we think the used to power a light bulb. - think the opportunity for new energy technology, it will be absolutely amazing, and it is absolutely amazing, and it is absolutely required as well. it does fit into our sustainability goals. does fit into our sustainabili coals. sustainability goals. old green cabinet is usually _ sustainability goals. old green cabinet is usually storing - cabinet is usually storing broadband and phone cabling will be converted into electric vehicle charging points on some uk streets. with many of the metal cabinets nearing the end of life, bt hopes that up to 60,000 of them can be converted to help tackle shortfalls in electric cloud charges. and ces returned with transparent tvs, aa companions, and more vr

headsets, among gauges on display and does vegas. ——ai. june into clip next week for a look back at this year's tech vest. aa is touching every part of our lives, and the food that ends up on our tables is no different. ——ai. but could detect to help farmers transform the way that they produce crops? indian farmers have traditionally relied upon generational wisdom and experience to make decisions on the field but are now faced with climate change and ever—depleting resources. so the need is for them

to have efficient and more sustainable solutions. can artificial intelligence be the answer? this vineyard in southern india is testing it out. by using devices that are removing guesswork in assessing conditions on the farm and the crop. if we look at the whole system. on the top you have macro climatic sensors, which measures rainfall and wind related events. and then you have solar sensors which measure solar exposure or sunlight exposure to the crop. then you have sensors like leaf wetness and temperature and humidity, which measures moisture on the leaf. all that measurement comes to the brain of the system. ananda verma's start—up fasal agritech uses artificial intelligence to analyse the data collected by these sensors. if you provide this data, in raw form, to the farmer, probably he or she will not understand what to do with it. so this is where ai comes in. what ai does is it looks at that data... ..that is coming from the farm. it looks at what crop the farmer is growing. what is the requirement of the crop in that stage? and it basically uses all these information and then processes it and then produces certain outcome in a very simple language and manner that

farmers can understand. through a mobile app, farmers receive precise guidance on when to water the crops, spray pesticides or tackle pests. he advises workers nitin patil has been using the service daily on his vineyard to address a problem common to many indian farms. this vineyard where we are now, it has no ground water sources and we are growing these vines with the water that we purchase from outside tankers. so water is very precious for us. with the help of this ai data, we are now able to get to know when the vines really need the water and we can just irrigate them only at the crucial stage. and that's helping us to save around 50% of the water that we used to give before. informed decision—making is only one part of the solution to improve productivity, but weeding out inefficiencies

in the existing age—old agricultural practices is also crucial. this robot is helping farmers save major costs on fertiliser and pesticides. built in india's silicon valley, bangalore, by startup niqo robotics, the machine makes spraying of agrichemicals more efficient. jai, you're doing some precision spraying here. can you just explain to us this technology and this, how the cameras, etc, work? yes. so if you see this specific field here, there's a lot. of distance between two rows| and even between two plants, there's significant distance where there is nothing - to be sprayed. so as the sprayer moves, the camera, real—time, l detects where should the spray be applied specifically - on the plant. and it turns off the nozzles where there's no plants. i

and that saves over 50% of costs on chemicals. niqo sprayers are deployed on 50 farms across the country but are limited to just seven crops so far. that's because the machine needs volumes of data, which are photos of the plant in this case, to learn from and build models for each crop. over the last five years, we - have captured about 8.2 million images across seven ci’ops. and not only that, the number is impressive, but how- varied is the dataset? in our case, we have - seen how the plant looks at seven in the morning versus 1pm and 5pm. i it is very different. they are almost like different plants. - more such technology is reaching indian farms, thanks to improved rural digital connectivity and government support for agritech start—ups. but the promise of profitability through data driven farming needs significant time and investment to reach the majority

of india's farmers. next up, romana kreider has been talking to a startup that's aiming to resolve two issues with one innovation. yeah. now, this is about an invasive seaweed, which turns out to be a problem for both marine life and for people. there have been several incidences in the caribbean of people dying. people, get ready for this smell tomorrow. a seaweed called sargassum has been making headlines. out in the open ocean, it provides a marine habitat, but when it hits our coasts, it becomes problematic. from releasing gases which can be harmful to human health, to impacting local tourism and fishing, these massive, buoyant mats, which stretch

like a carpet across the atlantic, make up the great sargassum belt. being more than 5,000 miles long, it's wider than brazil. and last year, it weighed over 2a million tonnes, making it a continent—sized blob of seaweed. in fact, it is so vast that it's visible from space. and scientists have been studying its explosion using satellite imagery. the exact reasons for the boom are unclear, but it's believed that rising temperatures and agricultural waste are contributing to the excessive growth. and on the other side of the world, there's a company trying to fight it. just like any other plant, seaweed photosynthesises. and because it absorbs carbon faster than trees, there's also a lot of potential. and a team here is using this to their advantage.

they are building a semi—autonomous ocean robot to sink the sargassum and the co2 it captures to the bottom of the sea. doing so, they prevent sargassum from hitting shores whilst fighting global warming. the ipcc has projected, in their most optimistic pathway, which is 1.5 degrees or less, that we will need to remove, from the atmosphere, ten billion tonnes of carbon every single year by 2050, which would be, in terms of volume, the largest industry that has ever existed. if you're looking for a good place to put carbon, the deep ocean is perfect. you have more carbon than there is the upper ocean and the entire terrestrial sphere combined. the algaray is designed to go across the surface of the water and take the sargassum into its cavity, much like it's doing with these ducks here. once it's full, it dives down to 200 metres, at which point the water pressure crushes the air bladders that keep it

afloat and the sargassum sinks down to the seabed. there it's locked away for many hundreds, if not thousands of years. the first version of the algaray was attached to a remote controlled catamaran, whereas the final version is going to be a ten—metre long submersible, powered by green energy. the whole thing is going to be covered in solar panels, so there'll be quite a bit of available energy to drive sensors. so in here, already, we've got depth temperature and a camera on the front, and then in the future we'll be able to gather information about wind speeds, temperatures on the surface and map everything.

using this information, they are creating machine learning training data, which will then enable the algaray to increasingly make its own decisions, such as coordinating with other algarays to gather the mats. but for now, it's time to test the second prototype. cheering and applause that was relatively quick, but that's not how it's going to be in the end? this is only going down to three metres, so it should actually only take a couple of minutes to go down. in the field, the whole thing would be a ten—minute cycle. the aim is for it to be buried, to go into that long carbon cycle. it's sort of like saying, "we're making the oil of the future." anything that was oil was once marine biomass. so it makes a lot of sense to us to start using that as one of the pathways that

you could use to get to large scale carbon dioxide removals, but also unlock this tremendous opportunity, but also this tremendous need to rebalance our atmosphere. it's a startup in its infancy, and one company alone cannot solve the problem. but facing the threats of global warming, it's another innovation to help win the race against climate change. that was romana, and that's it for this week. but next week, have we got a show for you! yes, we do. it's the biggest tech show of the year — the consumer electronics show, to be precise, in las vegas. so, yes, she can't wait. i can't wait. hopefully we will see you there. thanks for watching and see you in vegas. bye!

hello. we've had some fairly chilly weather over the past few days, but things are about to get colder, as we're going to see a blast of arctic air moving in for the next couple of days. so a drop in temperature and some snow showers which will cause a bit of disruption, particularly in the north. so we've got a couple of weather fronts shifting their way south, opening the doors to these cold northerly winds, bringing us that arctic air. through the next few hours, already some snow showers working in across parts of shetland, mainland north of scotland. also seeing a little bit of snowfall, a few light rain showers, further south. but actually most of us are dry and as the sun rises, i think, first thing, temperatures are going to be just about either side of freezing. so through the day on sunday then we've got the snow showers packing in across the north of scotland. it's also going to be really windy, particularly up towards the northern isles, where gusts could reach 70 miles an hour, so blizzard conditions there. further south, few spots of light rain, perhaps northern ireland, wales, into central southern england.

but most places are going to be avoiding these showers and we'll see temperatures between about 3 to 6 degrees, but it'll feel cooler with the wind, especially in the north. now, heading on into monday, snow showers continue to pack in on that northerly breeze. they'll become more frequent across the northern half of scotland, but also for northern ireland, some snow possible here on monday and through some of these irish sea coasts, perhaps. pembrokeshire, one or two snow showers also possible for the likes of the north york moors towards norfolk as well. most of us, though, looking dry with some wintry sunshine. but look at those temperatures, just1 to 5 on the thermometer. but when you add on those brisk northerly winds, it's really going to feel bitterly cold. feeling around about —5, —6 around some of those east coasts, for instance. moving through into tuesday, and nowjust have a look at these showers just moving in for northern ireland, perhaps southern scotland, perhaps one or two into parts of northwest england and wales as well. there is the potential for a little bit more disruptive snow on tuesday, especially moving in towards the central belt, i think, later on in the day. so we're keeping an eye on the snow showers

in the north, but further south and east, i think, you're going to be staying dry if cold again. so there's that area of low pressure bringing a bit of snow i think for some of us on tuesday. that clears away. this area of low pressure towards the south is most likely to be staying out across france, but if it does push further north into that colder air. across southern england, it could bring a bit of snow. either way, i think next week we're looking at a colder week, a fair amount of dry weather in the south, some snow showers mainly in the north and sharp overnight frosts. bye— bye.

transform the way that they produce crops? live from london. this is bbc news. world leaders congratulate taiwan's president—elect, william lai, on his victory. china says he doesn't represent the island's majority opinion. officials in colombia say that at least 33 people, mostly children, have been killed by a landslide in the northwest of the country.

and the longest—serving monarch in europe, the queen of denmark, abdicates, after 52 years on the throne. hello. i'm catherine byaruhanga. international leaders have been congratulating taiwan's new president—elect, william lai, on his victory in the island's election on saturday. but william lai's campaign has angered beijing, as he promised to protect the island's sovereignty, and maintain a separate national identity. china, however, considers the island state part of its own territory. rupert wingfield—hayes has more, from the taiwanese capital, taipei. o nto onto stage comes the man who will now be taiwan's next president. in the end, william

lai won the election by a larger margin than expected. the chinese