by the relatives and friends of the hostages who were taken by hamas last october. tens of thousands of people joined the demonstration in tel aviv, many calling for fresh elections. there were some scuffles as police tried to remove protesters. the ukrainian boxer oleksandr usyk has become the first undisputed world heavyweight champion in a quarter of a century. he beat britain's tyson fury in a fiercely competitive contest in the saudi capital, riyadh, which went the entire 12 rounds. the ukrainian won on points. now on bbc news, click

this week, preparing for a long flight. this plane can stay up in the air almost indefinitely. how? ,, , in the air almost indefinitely. how?_ why? - in the air almost indefinitely. how?_ why?- in the air almost indefinitely. how? ,, , wh ? ~ . ., how? sunshine. why? wait and see. how? sunshine. why? wait and see- tracking — how? sunshine. why? wait and see. tracking the _ how? sunshine. why? wait and see. tracking the wildlife - see. tracking the wildlife beside the _ see. tracking the wildlife beside the tracks, - see. tracking the wildlife beside the tracks, but. see. tracking the wildlife - beside the tracks, but paul's got distracted. i beside the tracks, but paul's got distracted.— beside the tracks, but paul's got distracted. i love a train. understatement _ got distracted. i love a train. understatement of _ got distracted. i love a train. understatement of the - got distracted. i love a train. l understatement of the century there — understatement of the century there. also, how to keep connected up a mountain when things— connected up a mountain when things go— connected up a mountain when things go downhill. and connected up a mountain when things go downhill.— things go downhill. and the tech that's _ things go downhill. and the tech that's keeping - things go downhill. and the tech that's keeping the - things go downhill. and the tech that's keeping the refl things go downhill. and the | tech that's keeping the ref in check. . , . ., ., , check. having this technology means i can _ check. having this technology means i can say, _ check. having this technology means i can say, look, - check. having this technology means i can say, look, right. means i can say, look, right there — that's what i'm talking about. let me take you up. up into the air. up above the clouds, above the weather,

above all the aircraft. this is the stratosphere — a place yet to be conquered by humankind. up here, the air is thin and calm. and it is here that you'll find the zephyr. this is a strange beast — and the fact that it flies this high is the least strange thing about it. see, it only travels at aomph, it only weighs 75kg. it's launched by hand, it's completely solar—powered — and in theory, it may be able to stay up here for months. i was last at zephyr�*s base in farnborough in the uk in 2018, when it had just stayed aloft for very nearly 26 days.

since then, it's done 64. so, this is how it works. during the day, the sun hits the solar panels, which charge the batteries and power the propellers, and the plane climbs to 75,000 feet. when the sun goes down, the batteries completely take over. the propellers do slow down and the plane does lose altitude. the trick, though, is to make sure you're still above 60,000 feet by the time the sun comes up the next morning — and the process can start again. so, will the entire wing be covered with solar cells, every single square centimetre, as much as you can in solar? actually, the solar array that we use now typically is so efficient that we don't tend to need to do complete coverage. really? yeah, we can actually recharge the batteries most normal days by lunchtime. wow! in theory, is it possible

to stay up forever in this? well, i think eventually, we'll get as close as we can to that. at the moment, our limitation is the number of cycles the batteries can cope with. so, a cycle is a day — so a full charge, and then a full discharge, that's one cycle. and we're targeting six months in the stratosphere at a time, and that's in line with the battery performance that we see coming through. everything about zephyr has been fine—tuned. every gram counts. every unit of battery density. the precise curve of those wings. so, look, i get it. i get that this plane can stay up in the air almost indefinitely. you only have to look at it to understand that it's something pretty special. the main question i have is why? why would you want this kind of craft? who would want this kind

of craft? in the 20 years since the idea was first conceived, it's almost like this has been a solution looking for a problem. would it carry cameras? could it be military? reconnaissance? since airbus spun off the new start—up company alto in 2023, it's now been pitched for earth observation and as a flying base station for mobile phones. from the stratosphere, at 60—70,000 feet, we can talk directly to a standard mobile phone, so the aircraft will function exactly like the cell tower that you have today, but it's high up. and, because it's so much higher up than the regular cell tower, it can cover the equivalent of about 200 base stations on the ground. so, of course, that replaces notjust the, you know, the equipment on the tower, but it replaces the whole tower. that's the steel. that's the backhaul, the fibre, the

microwave, very importantly, the power— microwave, very importantly, the power — the electricity or the power — the electricity or the diesel that runs the tower. and in— the diesel that runs the tower. and in many cases in the remote and rural— and in many cases in the remote and rural areas, that's the most _ and rural areas, that's the most expensive part of running a terrestrial tower. an uplink antenna would connect the mobile network to zephyr, and then zephyr could serve an area of 7,500 square kilometres, in theory, for months at a time. this is a real proposition. or in the event of, say, a natural disaster, a plane could be flown to an area that had suddenly become cut—off from the grid. mobile operators have something called cell on wheels — cow — which is usually a truck that has some equipment. we have a cell on wings, a flying cow, which is flying cell on wings. these cows — er, planes — will fly autonomously. there are no joysticks involved. the pilots send the planes coordinates and flight plans — but they're mainly interested in how much energy it's using, and making adjustments to keep

its batteries fully charged. so this is the ground, and this is 80,000 feet. and all this colourful stuff, that's wind — you don't want to be in that — but if you can keep the zephyr above it, from about 60,000 feet and up, it's pretty plain sailing. the problem is, you've got to get to 60,000 feet in the first place — something that can take ten hours from that weird hand—launched take—off. trying to get it up into the air is probably the trickiest point. there's a lot more weather down on the surface than there is up in the stratosphere, sojust than there is up in the stratosphere, so just trying to get the right relations to get through that weather, that's probably the hardest part. we've spent a lot of time and effort studying meteorology in the tropopause, so that we can understand how to transit through it as safely as possible with this aircraft. and we've now done a global study of where all the weather is, and all the different weather conditions around the world, and we've found some of the best locations

in the world to start launching and landing these from regularly. so, where the air is nice and clear, all the way up. all the way through, yeah, and once we're in the stratosphere, we're away. in fact, zephyr�*s parent company has just announced kenya as the location of its first planned permanent launch site. but we have seen these kind of ventures before. for example, google's loon project was also based in kenya, and its balloon—based mobile cell tower project failed to stay afloat. and what about satellites? these days, very small cubesats can be put into orbit at much lower cost than their bigger siblings — and they stay up automatically, no power involved. although, unlike zephyr, you can't bring them down and swap out their payloads. with satellite, if you want to talk to a handset, it's very difficult. and if you manage with low earth orbit satellites, you can talk to a handset, but it would be very limited. you know, it's sms, maybe a few kilobits per second,

you cannot do full 56. you're not mimicking what a terrestrial station does. and if you have satellites that are really big enough that can do something like this, the economics are so expensive — and then, you're spreading them across the whole planet, you're not getting the efficiencies, you cannot scale. so that's on the connectivity side. 0n the earth observation side, satellites are great because they can view anywhere on the planet, but not persistently. because they take an image, come back after a period of time. with high—altitude platform stations, you can do that persistently, so you can see the change over time. and there is competition in the stratosphere itself. similar aircraft are being developed by several companies — including this one by bae systems. whatever the final use for these so—called high—altitude platform stations — haps — there does seem to be both the appetite and now the technology to fly high and stay high.

birdsong. zephyr can stay above the weather. but if you're going rock climbing, the conditions need to be good.— rock climbing, the conditions need to be good. sudden changes in the weather _ need to be good. sudden changes in the weather can _ need to be good. sudden changes in the weather can create - in the weather can create serious problems for climbers and when things do wrong on the hillside, rescue teams are called and they often need expensive helicopter operations and combined emergency services. and combined emergency services-_ and combined emergency services. , , , services. one company is using 56 and drones _ services. one company is using 56 and drones to _ services. one company is using 56 and drones to take - services. one company is using 56 and drones to take search . services. one company is using| 56 and drones to take search to another level, though, as laura good win has been finding out. for most people, paper maps are a thing of the past and instead our mobile phones have become our mobile phones have become our pocket navigators, where data and google maps get us from a to b. but hiking is so much more thanjust from a to b. but hiking is so much more than just putting from a to b. but hiking is so much more thanjust putting one footin much more thanjust putting one foot in front of the other and travelling across remote routes can make the job travelling across remote routes can make thejob of mountain

rescue teams extremely difficult. a sunny day in scotland's hills can be a glorious thing, the chance to get away from everything. but when things go wrong, a lack of connectivity can become a real problem. i’ll can become a real problem. i'll take can become a real problem. i�*ll take control. can become a real problem. l�*ll take control. we have located the casualty. stand by for grid. l the casualty. stand by for rid. .., the casualty. stand by for i rid. . ., , the casualty. stand by for rid. , ., , grid. i can see the grid as well. instead of wen. — instead of sending a team into potentially dangerous situations, these drones can be deployed across remote areas. using a pop—up sg deployed across remote areas. using a pop—up 56 network, the drone can send back crucial information to base. we are here on a — information to base. we are here on a very _ information to base. we are here on a very blustery - information to base. we are i here on a very blustery angus hill. this is an area that doesn't have great connectivity, but have you a 56 network operating from this desk. it's got an entire mobile phone network in a box. that's

connected to the antenna and forecasting sg connected to the antenna and forecasting 56 across the field. the 56 antenna goes back to a base states. we've got a control room here. each of these boxes can talk to other mobile phone base stations so we can move around and create a p°p�*up we can move around and create a pop—up network in no time. what pop-up network in no time. what are the challenges _ pop-up network in no time. what are the challenges around - are the challenges around connectivity when you're sending up teams or drones. fist sending up teams or drones. git the moment, they can find people but haven't got the data back at their control room. one of the things you find with a limited amount of signal is that's all the network can cope with at that point. it's enabled phones and first responders to have access straightaway to connectivity. you've got your phone on a network. i have no signal. loads of 56. it's brilliant. the 56 boxes can be mounted onto the drones, which can act like a flying sg onto the drones, which can act like a flying 56 network. it can even drop off a 56 box to an injured mountaineer or send

their location back to base. within mountain rescue, drones are getting used more than they were before. times past, we would have had to send a team into the gully to search for t it could be dangerous. we are in a large area of search. we can search a large area relatively quickly. we can give them more information as a search towards progressing. mountain rescue millions are not the only scenario with this type of technology —— where this kind of technology can pop-up. this kind of technology can ---o-u. ., , pop-up. looking at disaster relief and — pop-up. looking at disaster relief and humanitarian - relief and humanitarian efforts, there are challenges around pop—up connectivity. it's where local networks are not fit for purpose once you have the efforts going on or massive movements of people. 0ther massive movements of people. other things we've been seeing also around sometimes when there's a hurricane or disaster and fixed fibre and those instances are down, we can provide connectivity in those spaces. with 56 opening up new

opportunities to achieve better connectivity, bad signal has the potential to be a thing of the potential to be a thing of the past. the potential to be a thing of the ast. ., ., ., the past. time for a look at this week's _ the past. time for a look at this week's tech _ the past. time for a look at this week's tech news. - the past. time for a look at this week's tech news. at l the past. time for a look at this week's tech news. at a live launch demonstration, 0penai has unveiled the latest version of the tech which underpins its ai chatbot, chatgpt, along with key changes to its user interface. the new version can read and discuss images, translate languages and identify emotions with visual expressions. it's faster than earlier models and has been programmed to sound more chatty, perhaps even flirty. tourist body visit wales has created an immersive virtual experience with the aim of showcasing some of wales's best attractions. visitors can take part in quests and build a virtual interactive itinerary for when they visit wales in person. organisers say for when they visit wales in person. 0rganisers say they believe wales is the first

european nation to use this approach to market itself as a tourist destination. a robot designed to mimic the motion of a snail has been developed by researchers at the university of bristol. the team fitted the robot with a sliding suction mechanism enabling the device to slide on water, a substitute for a snail�*s mucous, which also acts as an adhesive. the discovery acts as the potential for robots to climb difficult surfaces such as the blades of wind turbines or the hulls of a ship. this is touch. it's a bit like rugby but instead of a tackle, players are touched to get control of the ball. if the defenders have not intersected the ball after six touches, they get to be the attackers. it's fast and the ref has to be, well, everywhere at once and deal with things like this.

yes, yes! he's had a decision against him which results in a penalty and the player continues the conversation with the referee, resulting in another penalty. the referee, i think, would look back on this and not be particularly happy with the interaction with the player. referees on development courses at edinburgh's napier university can look back at decisions thanks to some familiar—looking tech that has been repurposed. lt’s familiar-looking tech that has been repurposed.— been repurposed. it's a standard _ been repurposed. it's a standard 360 _ been repurposed. it's a standard 360 camera. | been repurposed. it's a| standard 360 camera. it been repurposed. it's a - standard 360 camera. it sits on top of the head, straps around the back and then a step underneath. a 360 camera works by using two or more lenses to capture a 360—degree view of everything around it. it will then stitch the shots together to make one spherical image. when displayed in 2d, the viewer can move around all of the space that's

been captured. 0nce we've got the footage back, what it gives us is how our decisions are landing, how our interactions are landing with the players. we can see what's going on behind us, perhaps with missed decisions. and you can go right around so you're getting a more immersive experience and learning things about the game as the referee you may not have seenin as the referee you may not have seen in real time. exactly. so most of our assessments to develop as a referee are taken from people on the sidelines but the referee sees it very differently and we know that looking at things in different angles produces different decisions. when the referees sit down with their coaches after a training session, the tech takes the post—match analysis to a new level. as a coach, i can't hear what the ref is saying and seeing their point of view. i can see what they're seeing, see how they're speaking to the players

and i can use this to pan around and look at what the referee is not seeing and what they're missing so we can talk about areas of improvement. when you sit down and review it with your — when you sit down and review it with your coach, you can look at your— with your coach, you can look at your positioning and where you should have been versus where — you should have been versus where you were.— where you were. having the technology means - where you were. having the technology means i - where you were. having the technology means i can - where you were. having the| technology means i can say, look, right there, that's what i'm talking about and that's what we need to change or structure slightly differently. the technology is being used to coach referees in the run—up to the world touch championships taking place injuly. duncan hopes it could have a lasting impact. hopes it could have a lasting imact. ~ �* hopes it could have a lasting imact.~ �* . , hopes it could have a lasting imact.. �* ., , , hopes it could have a lasting imact.~ �* . , ., impact. we've always used video technology _ impact. we've always used video technology and _ impact. we've always used video technology and self-reflection i technology and self—reflection to help our professionals but this technology allows us to take that another level up. in any refereeing, it's the proximity to the try or foul or whatever— proximity to the try or foul or whatever it is, the better so getting _ whatever it is, the better so getting into the positions to make — getting into the positions to make the decisions is really important so it will help to do

that— important so it will help to do that for— important so it will help to do that for me. paul: this is the buckthorne cutting nature reserve, home to dozens of species of plants, insects, and animals. it's hard to believe it's just a few kilometres from the very centre of london, and a technology hot spot. it's a haven of calm and serenity — until this happens. love a train. the area here is based on previously unmanaged network rail land, the body responsible for most of the sprawling railway network in great britain — over 52,000 hectares.

they're using a mixture of traditional technology alongside machine learning to identify and monitor wildlife using the space here. the obvious question has to be you think of network rail and what we're stood beside, rails and trains. why are they interested in biodiversity? we've got a massive estate across the whole of britain. it's 52,000 hectares which, if you squash it all together, is the isle of wight—and—a—half. and that estate, that network goes through every sort of habitat that you can possibly have. and so, we've got that biodiversity on our estate, and we can manage it and work with it whilst we're running trains. so i guess, with the kind of information that you're collecting, the research that you're doing, how is that beneficial to network rail as a company? what kind of things can you do with that information that you find out? it helps us monitor the condition of the habitats that we've got, so we can use that when we're trying to achieve our biodiversity targets. but it also lets us see

what species are using those habitats. and if we know what's there before we come in and do any work, then we can start mitigating for that. we can start doing the work at the right time of year or at the right time of day, so that we're less of a disturbance on those species. the monitoring is being carried out by zoological society of london — or zsl. they're using motion—sensing camera traps to help identify some of the animals. this is a camera trap, and we use this for monitoring wildlife. typically things that move, that are kind of larger—bodied, and that move along the ground. so we'll typically put it kind of on a tree, around this height — and there's a camera here and there's a sensor. so, if a warm—bodied animal moves past, it will trigger a number of photos. oh, look, that's us — hello! in the uk, we're using it largely for ground—dwelling mammals — so like, foxes and badgers and squirrels. they're commonly captured, especially in these areas. also

hedgehogs which is primarily the focus of the london group. but we — the focus of the london group. but we also get birds that will stop— but we also get birds that will stop in— but we also get birds that will stop in front of them if they are on— stop in front of them if they are on the ground and if we use them _ are on the ground and if we use them in— are on the ground and if we use them in special circumstances, we can— them in special circumstances, we can get— them in special circumstances, we can get smaller things like smaller— we can get smaller things like smaller rodents and things. it depends— smaller rodents and things. it depends where you place them for what — depends where you place them for what you're targeting it for~ — for what you're targeting it for~ you _ for what you're targeting it for. you can put it up in the branches— for. you can put it up in the branches if— for. you can put it up in the branches if you want something are boral — branches if you want something are boral. �* , ., �* branches if you want something are boral. �* �* ., ., are boral. but you're not going to et are boral. but you're not going to get much — are boral. but you're not going to get much foxes _ are boral. but you're not going to get much foxes up - are boral. but you're not going to get much foxes up in - are boral. but you're not going to get much foxes up in the - to get much foxes up in the trees. .. , as well as camera traps, the monitoring team also use specially—designed acoustic monitors to capture audio from birds, bats, and rodents. we can listen to all sorts of things _ we can listen to all sorts of things. so bats vocalise in ultrasound. we can't hear it but — ultrasound. we can't hear it but we _ ultrasound. we can't hear it but we can record it on this and — but we can record it on this and visualise the sound afterwards. it's very, very cool _ afterwards. it's very, very cool the _ afterwards. it's very, very cool. the same with the dormice _ cool. the same with the dormice. we use it for them as well— dormice. we use it for them as well and — dormice. we use it for them as well and they also vocalise in ultrasound.— well and they also vocalise in ultrasound.- they - well and they also vocalise in i ultrasound.- they sound ultrasound. really? they sound like a whiney — ultrasound. really? they sound like a whiney tea _ ultrasound. really? they sound like a whiney tea pot. _ ultrasound. really? they sound like a whiney tea pot. it's - like a whiney tea pot. it's really. _ like a whiney tea pot. it's really, really cool. it's crazy _ really, really cool. it's cra . �* , crazy. and this little thing -icks crazy. and this little thing picks no _ crazy. and this little thing picks no all _ crazy. and this little thing picks up all that? - crazy. and this little thing picks up all that? this - picks up all that? this microphone _ picks up all that? this microphone picks - picks up all that? this microphone picks it i picks up all that? this| microphone picks it up picks up all that? this i microphone picks it up and picks up all that? this microphone picks it up and also we use — microphone picks it up and also

we use it — microphone picks it up and also we use it for bats. we can hear them _ we use it for bats. we can hear them now _ while the method of collecting the data may be relatively low—tech, what happens with it afterwards is very much cutting edge. zsl�*s initial pilot project captured 35,000 data files — or 3,000 hours of audio — from just 33 acoustic monitors placed across network rail�*s estate in south london alone. they needed a way to efficiently analyse such large volumes of data — which is where our old friend ai comes in. zsl worked with google, using cloud storage and pre—trained machine—learning models, to identify and map species to the network rail estate. back at zsl hq, i sat down with lydia to see some of the results of the analysis. in some cases, there are some really good machine—learning models already trained — so for instance, for birds and bats, there are some excellent models out there. and essentially, they use these spectrogram images that i'm showing you here — these are really distinctive

images — they basically learn these images which are associated with these different species. the ultimate aim for this research is to understand the true scale of the biodiversity around network rail�*s 20,000km of railway corridor. and advances in technology like this make that more achievable. the scale of the entire estate - because _ the scale of the entire estate — because it's really enormous, there's— — because it's really enormous, there's no— — because it's really enormous, there's no way you could get to there's no way you could get to the whole — there's no way you could get to the whole thing — sol there's no way you could get to the whole thing — so i think it's using _ the whole thing — so i think it's using a variety of different tools kind of in combination, like satellite remote _ combination, like satellite remote sensing is the most obvious— remote sensing is the most obvious fully scalable approach for the — obvious fully scalable approach for the railway line and they use that _ for the railway line and they use that to look at habitats and — use that to look at habitats and this— use that to look at habitats and this is how we can add an additional— and this is how we can add an additional layer of information.- additional layer of information. . ., ., information. that was paul and that's all we've _ information. that was paul and that's all we've got _ information. that was paul and that's all we've got time i information. that was paul and that's all we've got time for. i that's all we've got time for. thanks for watching and we will see you soon. thanks for watching and we will see you soon-—

hello, thanks forjoining me. fairly quiet on the weather front across most of the uk right now. the storms have also cleared from southwestern england as well as wales. this is what we had during saturday — flash floods in places. how about the weather on sunday? it's actually not looking bad at all for most of us. a lot of bright, if not sunny weather on the way. however, some coastal areas, particularly around the north sea, could be grey and chilly. so this is how we start the day. inland and out towards the west, the weather's looking fine and sunny right from the word go. but these eastern counties, or here, it may take time for that sunshine to break through that layer of gray or that stratus and sea fog that will have rolled in overnight. so the afternoon looking pretty sunny across most of the uk, again, with the exception of some coastal areas. could be some showers across southwestern

parts of scotland, maybe the southwest of england. inland 22 or 23 celsius in that strong sunshine. but where the low, grey clouds stick around anywhere along the north sea coast, but particularly the further north you are, it will be chilly, maybe no higher than around 12 degrees. we have that on saturday. could happen again on sunday. so through the course of the evening, you can see that low grey cloud. once again it's going to roll inland out towards the west, it's going to stay generally clear. now, here's monday. cloudy skies out towards the east, but then the sun comes out and it's a repeat performance. a fine day on the way. again, temperatures in the low 20s inland, closer to the coast closer to around the mid—teens. now, on tuesday, subtle changes. showers will appear in different areas. we could see some forming across scotland, northern ireland, the lake district as well. but i think the further south you are, the better the weather will be. temperatures won't really change an awful lot. in fact, overall, the first half of the week for most of us isn't looking too bad.

but, as we head through wednesday and thursday, this low pressure sweeps in out of the east this time. it'll bring quite breezy weather and also a spell of persistent rain, and at times it will be heavy. so a change on the way second half of the week, and that's reflected in the forecast here. not really bad at all until around about tuesday, bar a few showers here and there. but then wednesday, thursday and friday, it's all change and it's hello low. bye— bye.

good morning. welcome to breakfast with ben thompson and luxmy gopal. 0ur headlines today: a huge increase in demand for hepatitis c tests in england after the bbc revealed more than 1,000 people were unknowingly

infected with the virus. defeat for tyson fury: the british boxer has failed in his attempt to become the first undisputed heavyweight champion in 25 years, beaten by ukrainian 0leksandr usyk. i was having a lot of fun actually. i was having a lot of fun actually. i don't know if it looked like, but i don't know if it looked like, but i was playing around, i was enjoying it. the boss of south west water apologises for the parasite contamination in devon as thousands of residents are told they no longer need to boil their drinking water. good morning. it's gone down to the last day: an incredible premier league title race will be settled later in manchester or north london. manchester city are on course to be champions for the fourth year in a row, but a slip—up will mean arsenal lift the trophy. a warm sunny conditions that are developed quite widely across the uk today, some fog on the coast in one or two isolated showers. i will have

the full aukus details