this week's this week's click this week's click is this week's click is hot this week's click is hot stuff. this week's click is hot stuff. here is a man with a plan to palette the planet. we believe stickin: a palette the planet. we believe sticking a needle _ palette the planet. we believe sticking a needle into - palette the planet. we believe sticking a needle into a - palette the planet. we believe sticking a needle into a huge l sticking a needle into a huge magma chamber is not going to create a magma effect. is magma chamber is not going to create a magma effect.- create a magma effect. is he sure about — create a magma effect. is he sure about that? _ create a magma effect. is he sure about that? i _ create a magma effect. is he sure about that? i am - create a magma effect. is he sure about that? i am sure l create a magma effect. is he sure about that? i am sure it will be fine. _ sure about that? i am sure it will be fine. lara _ sure about that? i am sure it will be fine. lara looks - sure about that? i am sure it will be fine. lara looks at - sure about that? i am sure it| will be fine. lara looks at the li is will be fine. lara looks at the lip is kept — will be fine. lara looks at the lip is kept alive _ will be fine. lara looks at the lip is kept alive in _ will be fine. lara looks at the lip is kept alive in a - will be fine. lara looks at the lip is kept alive in a lab. - will be fine. lara looks at the lip is kept alive in a lab. and | lip is kept alive in a lab. and here is a _ lip is kept alive in a lab. and here is a question _ lip is kept alive in a lab. and here is a question you - lip is kept alive in a lab. fific here is a question you don't want the answer to... 50 here is a question you don't want the answer to. . .- here is a question you don't want the answer to. .. so if you ut a want the answer to. .. so if you put a cap _ want the answer to. .. so if you put a cap on — want the answer to. .. so if you put a cap on the _ want the answer to. .. so if you put a cap on the moon - want the answer to. .. so if you put a cap on the moon and - put a cap on the moon and dmpped _ put a cap on the moon and dropped it it would write itself? _ dropped it it would write itself? it dropped it it would write itself? , ., ., dropped it it would write itself? ., ., ., itself? it is all to do with a sace itself? it is all to do with a space robot _ itself? it is all to do with a space robotjumping - itself? it is all to do with a space robotjumping for i itself? it is all to do with a i space robotjumping forjoy. space robot jumping for joy. iceland space robotjumping forjoy. iceland is one of the most volcanic places on earth sitting on top of the mid—atlantic ridge/ or tectonic plates set apart. mid-atlantic ridge/ or tectonic plates set apart.— plates set apart. that means the country _ plates set apart. that means the country is _ plates set apart. that means the country is known - plates set apart. that means the country is known for - plates set apart. that means the country is known for its l the country is known for its geothermal power as water is

heated from the earth below but now at the krafla volcano there is a more extreme plan on the way. at is a more extreme plan on the wa . �* ., is a more extreme plan on the wa . ~ . , ., . ., way. a daring pro'ect to drill into the rock _ way. a daring pro'ect to drill into the rock to h way. a daring project to drill into the rock to create - way. a daring project to drill into the rock to create the l into the rock to create the world's first underground magma observatory. adrian murray was there to learn more. in this part of iceland is one of the world's most active volcanic hotspots. krafla has erupted 30 times in 1000 years and last blue in the 1980s and though it may sound crazy, scientists are now preparing to drill into it. the idea is to learn more about how volcanoes behave so that we can better predict eruptions and also tap into a superhot source of energy. volcanoes can it be spectacular, but they are

also devastating. around the world, millions of people live close to them. here in iceland, presidents —— residents of grindavik have had it impact their lives but workers he hoped to change that, save lives and money while also pioneering a form of volcano power. pioneering a form of volcano ower. ~ ., pioneering a form of volcano ower. ~ . ., z: , power. we have about 40 wells sread power. we have about 40 wells spread around _ power. we have about 40 wells spread around the _ power. we have about 40 wells spread around the geothermal. spread around the geothermal field, producing a mixture of hot water and steam. this plant rovides hot water and steam. this plant provides electricity _ hot water and steam. this plant provides electricity to _ hot water and steam. this plant provides electricity to about - provides electricity to about 30,000 homes. soon after it began operations five decades ago, krafla began to wake up again. ago, krafla began to wake up aaain. ~ , ., ., ., again. we started to have volcanic _ again. we started to have volcanic eruption - again. we started to have volcanic eruption only - again. we started to havej volcanic eruption only two kilometres away from where we are standing up. this was a strong indication about where the heat was coming from. using those new _ the heat was coming from. using those new clues, _ the heat was coming from. using those new clues, scientists -

those new clues, scientists began drilling in this spot where in 2009 they stumbled across an extraordinary discovery — a shallow pocket of magma. be discovery - a shallow pocket of mama. �* ., ., ., magma. be worth aiming to drill to 4.5 kilometres _ magma. be worth aiming to drill to 4.5 kilometres and _ to 4.5 kilometres and were absolutely not expecting to hit magma at only 2.1 kilometres. much closer to the surface than scientists ever imagined. the extreme heat from this molten rock destroyed their equipment. we were able to measure the power that comes out of it will stop this well produces around ten times more than the average well in its location, giving us and indication of the powerful resource we may be setting up,. now, a team from kmt, the krafla magma testbed, want to find it again. down here is a

red—hot magma chamber and scientists are preparing to drill down into it. starting in 2026, they will begin work on the first ever underground magma observatory. indie the first ever underground magma observatory. we are standin: magma observatory. we are standing on _ magma observatory. we are standing on the _ magma observatory. we are standing on the spot - magma observatory. we are standing on the spot where i magma observatory. we are l standing on the spot where we are going to drill. what we want to do is revolutionise the way we monitor volcanoes. we will place temperature and pressure sensors in the magma. this will allow us to predict with more accuracy volcanic activity. so, this will change how we predict eruptions. iliiui’ith how we predict eruptions. with the second _ how we predict eruptions. with the second well, _ how we predict eruptions. with the second well, they - how we predict eruptions. with the second well, they will harness that extreme heat, developing what is called near magma geothermal. the developing what is called near magma geothermal.— developing what is called near magma geothermal. the plan is to drilljust _ magma geothermal. the plan is to drilljust short _ magma geothermal. the plan is to drilljust short of— magma geothermal. the plan is to drilljust short of the - to drilljust short of the magma itself, possibly poke it a little bit, but the geothermal resource is located just above the magma body. we believe it is around 500, 600 celsius. , , ., believe it is around 500, 600 celsius. , ., ., ,

celsius. just to bore of this kind could _ celsius. just to bore of this kind could match _ celsius. just to bore of this kind could match the - celsius. just to bore of this| kind could match the output celsius. just to bore of this - kind could match the output of this entire plant.— this entire plant. they now today feed _ this entire plant. they now today feed the _ this entire plant. they now today feed the power - this entire plant. they now today feed the power plant this entire plant. they now - today feed the power plant with 22 normal wells so this is an obvious game changer. and 22 normal wells so this is an obvious game changer. and there is the exciting _ obvious game changer. and there is the exciting possibility - obvious game changer. and there is the exciting possibility of - is the exciting possibility of potentially limitless, cheap, clean energy. potentially limitless, cheap, clean energy-— clean energy. this is a big art of clean energy. this is a big part of how _ clean energy. this is a big part of how we _ clean energy. this is a big part of how we will - clean energy. this is a big part of how we will take . part of how we will take geothermal to the next level. it will be a huge part in the green energy transition. but the drilling _ green energy transition. but the drilling will be technically challenging. at the university of iceland, lab work is under way, testing materials to withstand extreme heat and pressure. to withstand extreme heat and ressure. , , , pressure. this is carbon steel, so a common _ pressure. this is carbon steel, so a common material- pressure. this is carbon steel, so a common material used i pressure. this is carbon steel, so a common material used in| so a common material used in the geothermal wells. these materials lose strength quickly after 200 celsius and they are also not corrosion resistance, so we have to explore new materials and more corrosion resistant alloys.— resistant alloys. they are working _ resistant alloys. they are working with _ resistant alloys. they are i

working with temperatures resistant alloys. they are - working with temperatures of up to 500 degrees and corrosive gases. to 500 degrees and corrosive cases. ~ ., , to 500 degrees and corrosive cases. ~ . , , to 500 degrees and corrosive uases, . ., , , ., gases. we have been focusing on high-grade _ gases. we have been focusing on high-grade alloys, _ gases. we have been focusing on high-grade alloys, nickel - high—grade alloys, nickel alloys and also titanium alloys. alloys and also titanium allo s. �* , , ., alloys. but there is still one question — alloys. but there is still one question i — alloys. but there is still one question i need _ alloys. but there is still one question i need to - alloys. but there is still one question i need to ask. - alloys. but there is still one | question i need to ask. from the outside, all this sounds a little bit risky. is it going to be safe to do this? irate to be safe to do this? we believe — to be safe to do this? we believe sticking _ to be safe to do this? we believe sticking a - to be safe to do this? - believe sticking a needle into a huge magma chamber is not going to create an extreme explosive effect. this happened in 2009 they found out they have probably done this a few times before without even knowing it, so we believe it is safe. �* ., ~ safe. and the team here think this could _ safe. and the team here think this could be _ safe. and the team here think this could be replicated - safe. and the team here think| this could be replicated around the world. this could be replicated around the world-— the world. there are indications - the world. there are indications about. the world. there are - indications about shallow the world. there are _ indications about shallow magma bodies in east africa, in the us and possibly this kind of geothermal production can be provided in many other locations around the world where we have active volcanoes. so, this crazy sounding plan

may actually have huge potential. every year in the uk, there are over 10,000 deaths due to liver disease. high—quality liver transplants are in short supply and currently there are no effective treatments. but one company in oxford is using ai company in oxford is using al to try and change that. there are plenty of companies out there that are doing ai drug discovery, but what is different here is once drugs are developed, they are then being tested on human cells and then on actual human livers that are being kept alive. they call this new york facility and icu - it is call this new york facility and icu — it is wet promising treatments are tested developed by teams in taiwan and oxford. can you open me a biopsy it?

these come from transplants that would be discarded. they would never be used in lieu of transportation. they are supplied with blood swell a machine performs dialysis. it is replicating the functions of a human kidney to help filter toxins from the blood that supplies the liver. this kenny was instrumental in setting up the facility. irate was instrumental in setting up the facility-— was instrumental in setting up the facility. we have machines ou -lua the facility. we have machines you plug the — the facility. we have machines you plug the liver— the facility. we have machines you plug the liver into. - the facility. we have machines you plug the liver into. you . you plug the liver into. you have to orchestrate the infrastructure and obtain the organs and put them on the machines in a short timeframe and these things often happen at night. it is labour—intensive and an incredible dedication that the team put into this in order to put a liver a machine and have it maintained alive for five days. it is incredible. it days. it is incredible. it . ives days. it is incredible. it gives them the chance to test this in almost humanlike conditions.— this in almost humanlike conditions. �* . conditions. we can't check your liver over _ conditions. we can't check your liver over time _ conditions. we can't check your

liver over time and _ conditions. we can't check your liver over time and see - conditions. we can't check your liver over time and see how - conditions. we can't check your liver over time and see how it i liver over time and see how it is degrading and becoming diseased so there is guesswork when we make medicines and when we finally have a medicine that we finally have a medicine that we think could work we spent years testing them in animal models which we don't know how could work in a human being. they are using a method called phenotyping which includes as bio, genetic and chemical analysis. bio, genetic and chemical analysis-— bio, genetic and chemical anal sis. ~ ., , . analysis. we are sequencing livers around _ analysis. we are sequencing livers around the _ analysis. we are sequencing livers around the world - analysis. we are sequencing livers around the world in i livers around the world in detail right down to the level of individual cells and we put that into commuter models and that into commuter models and that tells us what genes we need to be thinking about for the therapies we want to develop and while we have those therapies then instead of testing in animals we test in humans and by that i mean we start off in human cells and then we move into tissues and then we move into tissues and then whole livers that would keep alive our machines. but there is a _ keep alive our machines. but there is a lot _ keep alive our machines. but there is a lot of _ keep alive our machines. but there is a lot of talent out there. developing drugs is expensive. you have got past

setting up the icu but there is more to do. setting up the icu but there is more to do-— more to do. not 'ust for chronic * more to do. not 'ust for chronic liveri more to do. notjust for chronic liver disease, i more to do. notjust for. chronic liver disease, there are big issues. one is getting good data and the other is validating and testing the ideas in human sooner using human data so we can do all of that and then it still spent $100 million on a clinical trialfor it to $100 million on a clinical trial for it to fail in a matter of months. to trial for it to fail in a matter of months. ., , ., matter of months. to improve their chances, _ matter of months. to improve their chances, they _ matter of months. to improve their chances, they are - matter of months. to improve | their chances, they are betting on nra technology. nra is the complex molecule that relays messages to our proteins and cells — the machinery that makes things happen. cells - the machinery that makes things happen. nra is something — makes things happen. nra is something we _ makes things happen. nra is something we target - makes things happen. nra is something we target to i makes things happen. nra is i something we target to increase expression so you can make more protein and that is what the covid vaccines do or you can create a vaccine that blocks the rna and that is what we do. we send the therapies to specific cells in the liver. they get inside and they block certain genes that we want. 50. certain genes that we want. so, this is where — certain genes that we want. so, this is where the _ certain genes that we want. so,

this is where the chemistry and the biology come together. over here, you are testing on human cells? ., �* , ~ , cells? that's right. we use rima cells? that's right. we use primary human _ cells? that's right. we use primary human cells i cells? that's right. we use primary human cells and l cells? that's right. we use i primary human cells and check whether our rna has knocked down the process.— whether our rna has knocked down the process. what is this actually doing? _ down the process. what is this actually doing? it _ down the process. what is this actually doing? it is _ down the process. what is this actually doing? it is doing i down the process. what is this actually doing? it is doing a i actually doing? it is doing a measurement _ actually doing? it is doing a measurement of _ actually doing? it is doing a measurement of the - actually doing? it is doing a measurement of the rna . actually doing? it is doing a j measurement of the rna in actually doing? it is doing a i measurement of the rna in each of the cells. we are looking at a 1—dimensional genetic code so we can do it much more precise and much faster.— and much faster. traditionally, the preclinical— and much faster. traditionally, the preclinical phase _ and much faster. traditionally, the preclinical phase can i and much faster. traditionally, the preclinical phase can take i the preclinical phase can take 6-10 the preclinical phase can take 6—10 years, ochre bio, though, is hoping to reduce it to under 60 days. while the company continues to search for that elusive molecule that will block the onset of liver disease, it recently signed a datasharing deal with drugs giant gsk. the aim — to better understand how the liver works. the partnership may eventually lead to the development of new effective treatments for liver disease which, for anyone

suffering from it, can't come soon enough. time for a look at this week's tech news. google has abandoned a controversial plan to fully block third—party cookies from its browser. chrome already gives you the option to stop businesses tracking your activity and targeting you with ads. it says it is looking for solutions to support a competitive marketplace for publishers and advertisers. the uk's data privacy watchdog said it was disappointed by the decision. crowdstrike, the cyber security firm behind last week's it crash, has blamed a bug for not spotting a fault that knocked out systems across the world, disrupting flights and health appointments. they said a coding error slipped past its quality control measures. crowdstrike apologised for the impact of the outage and

promised to improve how it checks software. researchers at the university of hong kong have developed a new kind of lithium metal battery which can last longer and functions safely at higher temperatures. the researchers have been focusing on finding solid electrolytes, which are safe, and work with lithium metal anodes, even in extreme conditions. once fully developed, the scientist say the batteries could allow electric vehicles to recharge in the time it takes to drink a copy. cuba, a place now where millions of inhabitants face rationed food and million —— limited medical supplies. there is also poor internet access and daily power cuts. yet undeterred _ and daily power cuts. yet undeterred by _ and daily power cuts. yet undeterred by the - and daily power cuts. yet undeterred by the challenges of daily life or connection, these two games developers have overcome outages to achieve international publishing deal. all my life i want to make a

video— all my life i want to make a video game. all my illusions and — video game. all my illusions and expectations have been for so many— and expectations have been for so many years to be the first to put — so many years to be the first to put cuba in the map of videogames in the world. then i met david, _ videogames in the world. then i met david, we start to work together— met david, we start to work together and we start working right — together and we start working right away on what would become saviorless — right away on what would become saviorless seven years later. saviorless seven years later. saviorless is a classic 2d platform _ saviorless is a classic 2d platform. starts - saviorless is a classic 2d platform. starts like i saviorless is a classic 2d platform. starts like a i platform. starts like a narrative _ platform. starts like a narrative game, - platform. starts like a narrative game, like i platform. starts like a i narrative game, like just asking _ narrative game, like just asking the _ narrative game, like just asking the player- narrative game, like just asking the player to i narrative game, like just asking the player to seel narrative game, like just. asking the player to see the world, — asking the player to see the world, to _ asking the player to see the world, to enjoy— asking the player to see the world, to enjoy everything, | asking the player to see the i world, to enjoy everything, but it suddenly— world, to enjoy everything, but it suddenly turns _ world, to enjoy everything, but it suddenly turns into - world, to enjoy everything, but it suddenly turns into a - world, to enjoy everything, but it suddenly turns into a very. it suddenly turns into a very actionedm _ it suddenly turns into a very actioned. . ._ it suddenly turns into a very. actioned..._ actioned... kind of fast... frenetic— actioned... kind of fast... frenetic game. _ actioned... kind of fast... frenetic game. it _ actioned... kind of fast... frenetic game. it was - actioned... kind of fast... frenetic game. it was an i actioned... kind of fast... ...l frenetic game. it was an eight year— frenetic game. it was an eight year project _ frenetic game. it was an eight year project by _ frenetic game. it was an eight year project by the _ frenetic game. it was an eight year project by the first - frenetic game. it was an eight year project by the first four i year project by the first four years — year project by the first four years were — year project by the first four years were just— year project by the first four years were just making i year project by the first four years were just making a i year project by the first four i years were just making a demo 'ust years were just making a demo just to — years were just making a demo just to try— years were just making a demo just to try and _ years were just making a demo just to try and convince - years were just making a demo just to try and convince an i just to try and convince an international— just to try and convince an international publisher i just to try and convince an international publisher ofi international publisher of signing _ international publisher of signing with _ international publisher of

signing with us. - signing with us. that was actually— signing with us. that was actually the _ signing with us. that was actually the hardest i signing with us. that was actually the hardest partl signing with us. that was i actually the hardest part of the project _ actually the hardest part of the project. if— actually the hardest part of the project. if you - actually the hardest part of the project. if you are i actually the hardest part of the project. if you are an. the project. if you are an international— the project. if you are an international publisher . the project. if you are an. international publisher and the project. if you are an- international publisher and you see a _ international publisher and you see a pitch _ international publisher and you see a pitch from _ international publisher and you see a pitch from a _ international publisher and you see a pitch from a completely. see a pitch from a completely new _ see a pitch from a completely new game _ see a pitch from a completely new game studio _ see a pitch from a completely new game studio of _ see a pitch from a completely new game studio of two - see a pitch from a completely| new game studio of two guys, and on — new game studio of two guys, and on top _ new game studio of two guys, and on top of— new game studio of two guys, and on top of that _ new game studio of two guys, and on top of that they - new game studio of two guys, and on top of that they are i new game studio of two guys, and on top of that they are in| and on top of that they are in cuba. — and on top of that they are in cuba. you _ and on top of that they are in cuba. you are _ and on top of that they are in cuba, you are asking - and on top of that they are in cuba, you are asking a - and on top of that they are in cuba, you are asking a huge i cuba, you are asking a huge trust — cuba, you are asking a huge trust out _ cuba, you are asking a huge trust out of— cuba, you are asking a huge trust out of the _ cuba, you are asking a huge trust out of the blue. - cuba, you are asking a huge trust out of the blue. out i cuba, you are asking a huge trust out of the blue.- trust out of the blue. out of the blue _ trust out of the blue. out of the blue one _ trust out of the blue. out of the blue one day _ trust out of the blue. out of the blue one day the - trust out of the blue. out of i the blue one day the developers contacted us one day and said they— contacted us one day and said they were _ contacted us one day and said they were interested in developing a game, they signed us. �* ., developing a game, they signed us, �* ., ., , developing a game, they signed us. ~ . ., , ., developing a game, they signed us.�* . . ~' , developing a game, they signed us. and that was a key point in the project. — us. and that was a key point in the project. the _ us. and that was a key point in the project, the moment i us. and that was a key point in the project, the moment whenj the project, the moment when they— the project, the moment when they signed _ the project, the moment when they signed with _ the project, the moment when they signed with us _ the project, the moment when they signed with us and - the project, the moment when they signed with us and then l the project, the moment when. they signed with us and then we spent _ they signed with us and then we spent three _ they signed with us and then we spent three years _ they signed with us and then we spent three years straight - they signed with us and then we spent three years straight on i spent three years straight on developing _ spent three years straight on developing the _ spent three years straight on developing the game. - spent three years straight on developing the game. the i developing the game. the typical— developing the game. the typical cycle _ developing the game. the typical cycle of— developing the game. the typical cycle of the - typical cycle of the development i typical cycle of the development of. typical cycle of the - development of saviorless is very— development of saviorless is very uncommon _ development of saviorless is very uncommon in _ development of saviorless is very uncommon in terms i development of saviorless is very uncommon in terms ofl development of saviorless is - very uncommon in terms of what you expect — very uncommon in terms of what you expect the _ very uncommon in terms of what you expect the development - very uncommon in terms of what you expect the development of l very uncommon in terms of what you expect the development of a videogame — you expect the development of a videogame of— you expect the development of a videogame of the _ you expect the development of a videogame of the scale - you expect the development of a videogame of the scale should i videogame of the scale should be. videogame of the scale should be not— videogame of the scale should be notjust _ videogame of the scale should be. notjust because - videogame of the scale should be. notjust because the - be. notjust because the internet _ be. notjust because the internet is _ be. notjust because the internet is slow- be. notjust because the internet is slow but - be. notjust because the - internet is slow but because it is very— internet is slow but because it is very inconsistent, _ internet is slow but because it is very inconsistent, it - internet is slow but because it is very inconsistent, it is- internet is slow but because it is very inconsistent, it is not. is very inconsistent, it is not stable — is very inconsistent, it is not stable enough— is very inconsistent, it is not stable enough to _ is very inconsistent, it is not stable enough to sustain - is very inconsistent, it is noti stable enough to sustain the loading _ stable enough to sustain the

loading of— stable enough to sustain the loading of the _ stable enough to sustain the loading of the files - stable enough to sustain the loading of the files that - stable enough to sustain the loading of the files that you i loading of the files that you usually— loading of the files that you usually find _ loading of the files that you usually find in _ loading of the files that you usually find in a _ loading of the files that you usually find in a game - loading of the files that you usually find in a game thati loading of the files that you i usually find in a game that are a huge — usually find in a game that are a huge file _ usually find in a game that are a huge file. we _ usually find in a game that are a huge file. we lost _ usually find in a game that are a huge file. we lost a - usually find in a game that are a huge file. we lost a whole i a huge file. we lost a whole week— a huge file. we lost a whole week of— a huge file. we lost a whole week of work— a huge file. we lost a whole week of workjust _ a huge file. we lost a whole week of workjust because l a huge file. we lost a whole - week of workjust because these toots— week of workjust because these tools are — week of workjust because these tools are not _ week of workjust because these tools are not built _ week of workjust because these tools are not built thinking - tools are not built thinking that— tools are not built thinking that at— tools are not built thinking that at any— tools are not built thinking that at any time _ tools are not built thinking that at any time there - tools are not built thinking that at any time there will| tools are not built thinking. that at any time there will be a blackout _ that at any time there will be a blackout. the _ that at any time there will be a blackout. the generator. i a blackout. the generator. today— a blackout. the generator. today the _ a blackout. the generator. today the schedules - a blackout. the generator. today the schedules is - a blackout. the generator. i today the schedules is from a blackout. the generator. - today the schedules is from 2pm till 6pm — today the schedules is from 2pm till 6pm we — today the schedules is from 2pm till 6pm we won't _ today the schedules is from 2pm till 6pm we won't have _ today the schedules is from 2pm till 6pm we won't have lights, i till 6pm we won't have lights, so we — till 6pm we won't have lights, so we are _ till 6pm we won't have lights, so we are two— till 6pm we won't have lights, so we are two hours - till 6pm we won't have lights, so we are two hours away- till 6pm we won't have lights, i so we are two hours away from the blackout _ so we are two hours away from the blackout. we _ so we are two hours away from the blackout. we just- so we are two hours away from the blackout. we just store - so we are two hours away fromi the blackout. we just store the generator— the blackout. we just store the generator for— the blackout. we just store the generator for important - the blackout. we just store the . generator for important moments because _ generator for important moments because there _ generator for important moments because there is _ generator for important moments because there is also _ generator for important moments because there is also not - because there is also not enough _ because there is also not enough fuel. _ because there is also not enough fuel.— because there is also not enou:h fuel. , ., . enough fuel. even if you have to deal with _ enough fuel. even if you have to deal with all _ enough fuel. even if you have to deal with all this _ enough fuel. even if you have to deal with all this stuff- enough fuel. even if you have to deal with all this stuff and | to deal with all this stuff and all these problems, it is very difficult. if you love videogames you definitely should try it. if videogames you definitely should try it.— videogames you definitely shouldt it. should try it. if you look back ou see should try it. if you look back you see a _ should try it. if you look back you see a lot _ should try it. if you look back you see a lot of— should try it. if you look back you see a lot of obstacles - should try it. if you look back| you see a lot of obstacles but you see a lot of obstacles but you realise _ you see a lot of obstacles but you realise that _ you see a lot of obstacles but you realise that we _ you see a lot of obstacles but you realise that we were - you see a lot of obstacles but you realise that we were ablej you realise that we were able to go — you realise that we were able to go over _ you realise that we were able to go over these _ you realise that we were able to go over these obstacles, l you realise that we were able l to go over these obstacles, but we didn't— to go over these obstacles, but we didn't remove _ to go over these obstacles, but we didn't remove them. - to go over these obstacles, but we didn't remove them. the i we didn't remove them. the situation _ we didn't remove them. the situation in _ we didn't remove them. the situation in cuba _ we didn't remove them. situation in cuba right now we didn't remove them.- situation in cuba right now is far difficult than when we

start, but i feel pretty confident. ifeel that start, but i feel pretty confident. i feel that even start, but i feel pretty confident. ifeel that even if our first game was not perfect, you will see a second game from us. i'v e i've got a question for you. you are in space, on an asteroid. it is a complete mess out there. what is the best way to get around? here's an ideal think has got legs. space hopper. no, not that kind of space hopper. actually... to be honest, yeah, that kind of space hopper. ten students from a university in zurich designed this prototype for extremely low gravity environments. to

look for different minerals that are mirth money from asteroids. and to get us from place to place by pronking about like some kind of 3—legged space gazelle. i have seen a few banking space robots in my time. you might think it is a chaotic way to get about, certainly from wheels and tracks, that seems more controllable. but if you are a really uneven surface, leaping over small boulders, big stones might be quite sensible. the thing that worries me is what happens if itjumps and then flips itself over? it will end on its side or something. but what it does to keep itself stable when it is off the ground is think like a cat. see as a feline falls it frantically flails its fur... actually has legs, and space hopper keep itself upright during flight by using its limbs in the same way. it is

during flight by using its limbs in the same way. it is as if ou limbs in the same way. it is as if you are _ limbs in the same way. it is as if you are standing _ limbs in the same way. it is as if you are standing on - limbs in the same way. it is as if you are standing on a - limbs in the same way. it is as if you are standing on a smalll if you are standing on a small rope, if you are about to fall you will swing your arms to stay upright, that is what it does. it stay upright, that is what it does. , ., stay upright, that is what it does. , . ., does. if you put a cap on the moon and — does. if you put a cap on the moon and dropped _ does. if you put a cap on the moon and dropped that - does. if you put a cap on the moon and dropped that it. does. if you put a cap on the i moon and dropped that it would still be able to write itself, even there is no end to grip against. even there is no end to grip aaainst. ., ... even there is no end to grip aaainst. ., .. , , against. you can try, but it should work. _ against. you can try, but it should work. let's - against. you can try, but it should work. let's not - against. you can try, but it should work. let's not try. | against. you can try, but it - should work. let's not try. how did ou should work. let's not try. how did you work — should work. let's not try. how did you work out _ should work. let's not try. how did you work out what - should work. let's not try. how did you work out what it - should work. let's not try. how did you work out what it needs | did you work out what it needs to do to get itself back in the right orientation regardless of which way up it is?— which way up it is? that's a ureat which way up it is? that's a great question _ which way up it is? that's a great question because - which way up it is? that's a great question because for| which way up it is? that's a l great question because for a human, that is a really hard design. we use this reinforcement learning, with al basically, so the robot landed in simulation and figured out what actually works to stay upright. what actually works to stay u - ri . ht. ., , what actually works to stay uriuht. .,, . upright. theory trained hundreds _ upright. theory trained hundreds or _ upright. theory trained hundreds or thousands | upright. theory trained i hundreds or thousands of virtual robots and one of them eventually came out as getting it right? eventually came out as getting it riuht? , eventually came out as getting itriuht? , ., . it right? exactly. nowadays you can simulate — it right? exactly. nowadays you can simulate years _ it right? exactly. nowadays you can simulate years of _ can simulate years of experience injust a can simulate years of experience in just a few minutes on a pc and that is exactly what we were doing. simulating low gravity is hard

here on earth, so to test their control software the team took space hopper on a very special day trip. you took this on a parabolic flight, you took it on the vomit comet? exactly. how was _ on the vomit comet? exactly. how was that _ on the vomit comet? exactly. how was that for _ on the vomit comet? exactly. how was that for you - how was that for you personally? it how was that for you personally?- how was that for you ersonall ? , . ., personally? it is amazing, i hiuhl personally? it is amazing, i highly recommend - personally? it is amazing, i highly recommend it. - personally? it is amazing, i. highly recommend it. luckily for me it was not the vomit comet, i didn't experience it in that way but it was an amazing feeling. did in that way but it was an amazing feeling. did you 'ust do some aside i amazing feeling. did you 'ust do some aside just i amazing feeling. did you 'ust do some aside just makeh amazing feeling. did you just l do some aside just make some assaults time? i do some aside 'ust make some assaults time?— assaults time? i had a lot of time on the _ assaults time? i had a lot of time on the robot, - assaults time? i had a lot of time on the robot, for- assaults time? i had a lot of time on the robot, for one l time on the robot, for one small part i did somersaults but mostly we were watching the system. but mostly we were watching the s stem. �* , ., , system. and the performed very well indeed. _ system. and the performed very well indeed. in _ system. and the performed very well indeed. in fact _ system. and the performed very well indeed. in fact now - system. and the performed very well indeed. in fact now the - well indeed. in fact now the team has parked the asteroid investigation plan and answered a call slightly closer to home. it has been selected by the european space agency as a contender to go to the moon. the team suggested kitting out the robot with ground penetrating radar to probe low

the unit service —— surface and look for lava tubes. subsurface tunnels like the one recently discovered on a rocky plane called marae tranquilitatus, which might one day be used to sell to humans from solar radiation above. and so space hopper has become lunar leaper. our goal would be to end the surface outside where we think the lava tube is and approach a lunar pet, a steep walled whole thatis lunar pet, a steep walled whole that is collapsed features, so there is a lava tube that has collapsed so we want to approach this hole and look at this entry and a lot of detail. map it in as much detail as we can and basically prepare for follow—up missions that might be but —— might be much bigger, more expensive, and lead to some longer term stations below

the surface. some longer term stations below the surface-— the surface. what concerns me is this thing — the surface. what concerns me is this thing bounces _ the surface. what concerns me is this thing bounces around... j is this thing bounces around... and you want to get as close to the entrance to a great big hole as you can. i want to do that really carefully. and what i am thinking is, this is going to bounce towards it. if you get it wrong it is just going to disappear over the edge. i to disappear over the edge. i think we can direct it carefully towards the edge, and obviously in the beginning of the mission you would be a little bit more conservative, you would be more careful because you don't want to die right away. towards the end of the mission if you know you won't survive the night, you might be a little more risky and a little more adventurous. and that's ok. i and a little more adventurous. and that's ok.— and that's ok. i am getting thelma and _ and that's ok. i am getting thelma and louise - and that's ok. i am getting thelma and louise vibes. l and that's ok. i am getting i thelma and louise vibes. did they make the jump? thelma and louise vibes. did they make thejump? yeah, the bit about surviving the nice — like most —— most other moon

robots, lunar leaper would be solar powered and have just ia hours of sunlight before the sun went down, temperatures drop below —130 celsius and the system died in the cold. it is for these reasons many choose to end space missions by going out in style. to end space missions by going out in style-— out in style. possibly towards the end of— out in style. possibly towards the end of the _ out in style. possibly towards the end of the mission - out in style. possibly towards the end of the mission one i the end of the mission one could think ofjumping into the whole... could think of 'umping into the whole... ., could think ofjumping into the whole... trio! however... could think ofjumping into the whole. . .- however. . .- could think ofjumping into the whole. . .- however... whole... no! however... no. all i am whole... no! however... no. all i am thinking — whole... no! however... no. all i am thinking about _ whole... no! however... no. all i am thinking about now - whole... no! however... no. all i am thinking about now is - whole... no! however... no. all i am thinking about now is the l i am thinking about now is the death of lunar leaper. i have heard it won't make it through the lunar night, now i have heard you could possiblyjump into a pit. it isjust heard you could possiblyjump into a pit. it is just over there. into a pit. it is 'ust over there. �* . . into a pit. it is 'ust over there. �* , , ., there. it's 'ust over there! it's there. it's 'ust over there! as fine. — there. it'sjust over there! it's fine, it's _ there. it'sjust over there! it's fine, it's fine. - there. it'sjust over there! it's fine, it's fine. and - there. it'sjust over there! it's fine, it's fine. and on | it's fine, it's fine. and on that note, we will leave you for this week. thanks for watching, and we will see you soon.

hello there. it's hotting up this weekend, particularly sunday onwards into next week. temperatures could reach the low—305 in one or two spots, but humidity will also increase as well. this weekend is a bit of a mixture — saturday will be one of sunshine and showers. sunday drier, sunnier, and warmer as high pressure starts to establish itself across the country. the reason for more showers around saturday is this feature pushing in from the west, bringing showery rain to northern ireland, parts of southern scotland, northern england, and into wales. this will fragment and become showery through the day. elsewhere, we start off with sunshine, but then, even the clouds bubbling up here to allow for a few showers to develop. but most of the showers will be through central, northern, and western areas, the odd heavier one. winds will be light, so the showers will be slow—moving, but there's a chance many places, particularly into the south

and east, may escape them and stay dry. temperatures reaching 2a—25 celsius in the warmest spots — otherwise, it's the high teens, low—205 further north. those showers fade away during saturday night. it does turn dry as high pressure starts to build in across the uk, with light winds, clear skies — could see some mist and fog patches, parts of scotland, northern ireland, western england, and wales the most favoured spots there. cool night to come, i think, out of towns and cities, otherwise just into double figures in urban areas. we start sunday, then, on a cool note. early mist and fog clears away, and looks like it will be a dry, sunny day for most of us, widespread sunshine. a bit more cloud for northern and western scotland, more of a breeze there. temperatures high teens here, but low—205, southern and eastern scotland, northern ireland, and high—205, parts of central, southern, and eastern england. as we move into monday and tuesday, we start to import some very warm air from the near continent on a south—easterly breeze. humidity levels will be rising — this weather front, though, out west will start to push into scotland and northern ireland, bringing more of a breeze, some showers and cloud.

but elsewhere, dry and sunny day on monday. those temperatures climbing further, the high—205 — one or two spots could get close to 30 celsius on monday, and that chance increases again on tuesday. but we'll start to see low pressure taking over around the middle part of the week — that could bring a thundery breakdown to the country, with some showers and thunderstorms at times. so, a very warm start to the week. by tuesday and wednesday, we start to see some showers and thunderstorms developing, and temperatures slowly coming back down closer to normal.

live from washington, this is bbc news. the 202a summer olympics opening ceremony dazzles in the city of light. french intelligence services are racing to track down those who sabotaged high—speed rail lines, affecting travel to the olympics festivities. and israeli prime minister benjamin netanyahu meets with donald trump for the first

time in nearly four years. hello. i'm michelle fleury. an olympic opening ceremony like no other has just wrapped in paris. in the heart of the city, flotillas carrying each of the national teams and international stars sailed down the seine, at times drenched by torrential rain, ending with the olympic cauldron floating in the sky in a hot air balloon. paris was transformed into a series of giant stages, with the usual olympic rituals accompanied by extravagant, and at times off—beat, celebrations of french culture. the day got off to a difficult start after several acts of sabotage on france's high—speed railway network disrupted the journey to the ceremony for many travellers. more on that in a moment, but first, maryam moshiri has more on the spectacle on the seine. what a culmination, what an end to what has been at times

a difficult day for the organisers of the paris