and historic data says the evidence is clear that the reef is in danger and governments have to act now against climate change. victoria gill reports. a vast natural wonder. the great barrier reef is a colourful, living underwater ecosystem, but climate change is transforming it. it's caused five mass coral bleaching events here in just the last nine years. and in a report in thejournal nature, scientists have shown that rising temperatures now threaten the survival of the reef. what is it like to see a healthy reef bleached? it's very white. quickly, algae forms on top of the corals, which turns them a kind of brown colour. it's not a pretty sight. the scientists examined long coral core samples drilled out of the bodies of centuries old coral.

these contain chemical clues that reveal how warm the water was during the life of the reef. combining this with historical sea temperature records showed that in just the last decade, temperatures around the great barrier reef were the warmest of the past 400 years. the high sea surface temperatures are extreme in this context of the last four centuries, and we're very confident in the reconstruction that we've performed. it's been exhaustively tested, and unfortunately it shows this terrible news for the reef. bleached heat—stressed coral can recover. but if the current rate of global warming continues and the high temperatures don't relent, it won't have a chance to. well, the science tells us that the great barrier reef is in danger. we have the answers to this already. we have targets. we have agreements internationally. i think we need to put the politics

aside and get on with it. evenif even if international targets are met, coral is likely to be lost. but scientists say part of this natural wonder can still be saved. let's speak to mark eakin now who is the corresponding secretary at the international coral reef society. thank you for your time. we have covered the crisis on the coral reefs a lot on bbc news, this is further evidence of the impact of the climate crisis on coral. why is it so important that we focus on the coral reefs? what is it tell us about what is happening on a broader level? fist about what is happening on a broader level? �* , ,., about what is happening on a broader level? �* , , , i. level? at this point, the study you are referencing _ level? at this point, the study you are referencing looked _ level? at this point, the study you are referencing looked back - level? at this point, the study you are referencing looked back over l level? at this point, the study you l are referencing looked back over the last 400 years and with great accuracy, providing information about what was happening on the reef

during that time period. it agrees what we have been seeing in in other global records, that climate change has been increasing temperatures around the world. we have recently seen the warmest year on record, it will be devastating to many ecosystems, especially those around coral reefs. ~ . , ecosystems, especially those around coral reefs. ~ ., , , ., ., coral reefs. what is being done to t and coral reefs. what is being done to try and stabilise _ coral reefs. what is being done to try and stabilise the _ coral reefs. what is being done to try and stabilise the situation, - try and stabilise the situation, bring up—to—date with that. try and stabilise the situation, bring up-to-date with that. there are a coume _ bring up-to-date with that. there are a coume of— bring up-to-date with that. there are a couple of things, _ bring up-to-date with that. there are a couple of things, one - bring up-to-date with that. there are a couple of things, one is - bring up-to-date with that. there are a couple of things, one is the| are a couple of things, one is the discussions going on in unesco about protecting the great barrier reef to a greater degree, it is a world heritage site and it is amazing at this point that they haven't yet determined that it is at risk because the evidence is definitely showing. the higher risk on the great barrier reef, but what needs to be going on is action by governments, individuals and international bodies to move us off

fossil fuels as quickly as possible. we need to stop putting conduct side into the atmosphere. more urgency needed, many campaigners will agree. i wonder is there is any sign of growth on the coral reef? there is some recovery — growth on the coral reef? there is some recovery going _ growth on the coral reef? there is some recovery going on, - growth on the coral reef? there is some recovery going on, but - growth on the coral reef? there is some recovery going on, but with | some recovery going on, but with massive bleaching events like in recent years, all of the coral dies off in that area, and then the fast growing corals come back. you hear that it growing corals come back. you hear thatitis growing corals come back. you hear that it is looking great because the corals are growing back but those are just the fast growing, weedy corals. the 500—year—old corals that we used in the study, those take hundreds of years to grow, you can't root is back in a few years.— root is back in a few years. thank ou for root is back in a few years. thank you for speaking _ root is back in a few years. thank you for speaking to _ root is back in a few years. thank

you for speaking to us. _ let me bring you up—to—date with some of the other stories that we have been looking at, our top story is the latest on the government response and the police response and response and the police response and response from the courts on the violent unrest in england and belfast over the last week. a number of people already in jail as a result of those riots. they have been arrested, charged in a speedy fashion and the government is warning people that if they are inciting violence online or acting out on the streets, they will be caught and punished. you are watching bbc news. it's the world's third most ticketed event, surpassed only by the olympics and the world cup. last year the edinburgh fringe festival issued nearly 3 million tickets.

well, this year the shows are fully under way with artists from nearly 60 countries set to perform, including comedians, musians and magicians. 0ur reporter courtney bembridge has been following the events. i mentioned earlier that it is actually international clown week. so we will talk about what contemporary clowning looks like. you might imagine a big red nose, a bright wig, no longer does it have to look that way. there's all kinds of different clowns and they have something special. we will meet a few of them, i have three different acts. we will start with claire parry, take matters into your own hands. i parry, take matters into your own hands. . . parry, take matters into your own hands. ., ., ., , ., ., hands. i am claire parry, and i have a show called _

hands. i am claire parry, and i have a show called i _ hands. i am claire parry, and i have a show called i am _ hands. i am claire parry, and i have a show called i am claire _ hands. i am claire parry, and i have a show called i am claire parry... i a show called i am claire parry... there _ a show called i am claire parry... there is— a show called i am claire parry... there is something going on here, the microphone is being hijacked. i have a _ the microphone is being hijacked. i have a show— the microphone is being hijacked. i have a show called... the microphone is being hi'acked. i have a show called. . ._ the microphone is being hi'acked. i have a show called... these guys all trained as clowns _ have a show called... these guys all trained as clowns and _ have a show called... these guys all trained as clowns and there - have a show called... these guys all trained as clowns and there is - have a show called... these guys all trained as clowns and there is some | trained as clowns and there is some rivalry. so much can you get behind me? i will go back here, shall i? i will get out of frame. i me? iwill go back here, shall i? i will get out of frame.— will get out of frame. i am special bo . is will get out of frame. i am special boy- is that _ will get out of frame. i am special boy. is that the _ will get out of frame. i am special boy. is that the name _ will get out of frame. i am special boy. is that the name of - will get out of frame. i am special boy. is that the name of the - will get out of frame. i am special boy. is that the name of the show will get out of frame. i am special. boy. is that the name of the show or how ou boy. is that the name of the show or how you fancy _ boy. is that the name of the show or how you fancy yourself? _ boy. is that the name of the show or how you fancy yourself? he - boy. is that the name of the show or how you fancy yourself? he is - boy. is that the name of the show or how you fancy yourself? he is the i how you fancy yourself? he is the bo in how you fancy yourself? he is the boy in the — how you fancy yourself? he is the boy in the show. _ how you fancy yourself? he is the boy in the show. clowning - how you fancy yourself? he is the boy in the show. clowning to - how you fancy yourself? he is the boy in the show. clowning to me | boy in the show. clowning to me means_ boy in the show. clowning to me means allowing _ boy in the show. clowning to me means allowing your— boy in the show. clowning to me means allowing your idiot - boy in the show. clowning to me means allowing your idiot to - boy in the show. clowning to me i means allowing your idiot to shine through _ means allowing your idiot to shine through i'm — means allowing your idiot to shine through i'm to _ means allowing your idiot to shine through. i'm to be _ means allowing your idiot to shine through. i'm to be connected - means allowing your idiot to shine through. i'm to be connected with| through. i'm to be connected with the audience _ through. i'm to be connected with the audience because _ through. i'm to be connected with the audience because everyone i through. i'm to be connected with. the audience because everyone loves an idiot _ the audience because everyone loves an idiot they— the audience because everyone loves an idiot they are _ the audience because everyone loves an idiot. they are harmless, - the audience because everyone loves an idiot. they are harmless, naive, l an idiot. they are harmless, naive, and they— an idiot. they are harmless, naive, and they like — an idiot. they are harmless, naive, and they like to _ an idiot. they are harmless, naive, and they like to play _ an idiot. they are harmless, naive, and they like to play like _ an idiot. they are harmless, naive, and they like to play like these - and they like to play like these

children— and they like to play like these children here _ and they like to play like these children here and _ and they like to play like these children here and it— and they like to play like these children here and it is- and they like to play like these children here and it is finding i and they like to play like these i children here and it is finding that childlike _ children here and it is finding that childlike spirit— children here and it is finding that childlike spirit inside _ children here and it is finding that childlike spirit inside that - children here and it is finding that childlike spirit inside that is - children here and it is finding that childlike spirit inside that is a - childlike spirit inside that is a 'oy childlike spirit inside that is a joy to — childlike spirit inside that is a joy to behold _ childlike spirit inside that is a joy to behold. everyone - childlike spirit inside that is a joy to behold. everyone likes| childlike spirit inside that is a - joy to behold. everyone likes being grown-ups. — joy to behold. everyone likes being grown-ups. it— joy to behold. everyone likes being grown-ups. it is— joy to behold. everyone likes being grown—ups, it is about _ joy to behold. everyone likes being grown—ups, it is about not - joy to behold. everyone likes being grown—ups, it is about not being i joy to behold. everyone likes being grown—ups, it is about not being a| grown—ups, it is about not being a grown-uu — grown-ups, it is about not being a grown-up-— grown-ups, it is about not being a anrown-u. . ., , ., ., grown-up. what is going on with the assistant? how— grown-up. what is going on with the assistant? how are _ grown-up. what is going on with the assistant? how are you, _ grown-up. what is going on with the assistant? how are you, i— grown-up. what is going on with the assistant? how are you, i am - grown-up. what is going on with the assistant? how are you, i am part i grown-up. what is going on with the assistant? how are you, i am part of the sisters fig- _ assistant? how are you, i am part of the sisters fig. that _ assistant? how are you, i am part of the sisters fig. that is _ assistant? how are you, i am part of the sisters fig. that is my _ assistant? how are you, i am part of the sisters fig. that is my co-star, l the sisters fig. that is my co—star, we play— the sisters fig. that is my co—star, we play amish sisters living on the australian— we play amish sisters living on the australian prairie. what was the question? — australian prairie. what was the question? | australian prairie. what was the cuestion? . . ~ australian prairie. what was the cuestion? ., .,~ australian prairie. what was the cuestion? ., question? i am taking your accent not as a slight. — question? i am taking your accent not as a slight, it _ question? i am taking your accent not as a slight, it is _ question? i am taking your accent not as a slight, it is terrible. - question? i am taking your accent not as a slight, it is terrible. as i not as a slight, it is terrible. as impartial observer it is terrible. thank you for that. i will cry about it later~ _ thank you for that. i will cry about it later. ~ ., ., , . ., ., ., it later. what does clowning mean to

ou, ou it later. what does clowning mean to you. you have _ it later. what does clowning mean to you. you have an _ it later. what does clowning mean to you, you have an interesting - you, you have an interesting premise. i you, you have an interesting premise-— you, you have an interesting remise. �* , . ., , premise. i wasn't expecting to be asked this question _ premise. i wasn't expecting to be asked this question with - premise. i wasn't expecting to be asked this question with people l premise. i wasn't expecting to be | asked this question with people on my back _ asked this question with people on my back. being stupid but being sensitive — my back. being stupid but being sensitive and charming and beautiful while doing crazy, stupid stuff. being — while doing crazy, stupid stuff. being aware i'm coming across as if you are _ being aware i'm coming across as if you are super— being aware i'm coming across as if you are super unaware. _ being aware i'm coming across as if you are super unaware. you - being aware i'm coming across as if you are super unaware. you are - you are super unaware. you are claire _ you are super unaware. you are claire parry _ you are super unaware. you are claire patty— you are super unaware. you are claire par . �* ., ., , claire parry. i'm doing a show every da , and claire parry. i'm doing a show every day. and i — claire parry. i'm doing a show every day. and i am _ claire parry. i'm doing a show every day, and i am claire _ claire parry. i'm doing a show every day, and i am claire parry, - day, and i am claire parry, stand-uu _ day, and i am claire parry, stand-up-_ day, and i am claire parry, stand-u. . ., ., , ., stand-up. and i am courtney, and this is bbc— stand-up. and i am courtney, and this is bbc news. _ stand-up. and i am courtney, and this is bbc news. this _ stand-up. and i am courtney, and this is bbc news. this is - stand-up. and i am courtney, and this is bbc news. this is my - this is bbc news. this is my broadcast so she could excuse me, pardon me!— broadcast so she could excuse me, ardon me! ., , ~ . , pardon me! courtney, i think that is the best ones _ pardon me! courtney, i think that is the best ones so _ pardon me! courtney, i think that is the best ones so far. _ pardon me! courtney, i think that is the best ones so far. we _ pardon me! courtney, i think that is the best ones so far. we are - the best ones so far. we are laughing here in the studio. courtney and guests keeping her on

her toes. courtney and guests keeping her on hertoes. more courtney and guests keeping her on her toes. more from the edinburgh festival to come. banksy has struck again with a third mural appearing in london this week. the street artist has continued his theme of animal silhouettes for a third day running. the latest piece is in brick lane and shows monkeys. two others appeared this week in kew bridge and chelsea. the artist confirmed the piece was his in a post on instagram. now it's time for a look at the weather with stav danaos. the next 24 hours looked u nsettled unsettled that will bring an outbreak of rain, we start off with some sunshine, the cloud will tend to build in, we had a breezy day today thanks to this area of low pressure bringing windy weather to scotland. the showers fade away in this brief ridge of high pressure through the overnight period. a

clear night for northern central and eastern areas, signs that of the weather front approaching wales and south—west england with outbreaks of rain. temperatures lifting to the mid—teens, most ten or 12 celsius. thursday, this is the area of low pressure working in slowly from the atlantic, it looks like it will be dry and bright sunshine across the eastern parts of england but the clouds out west will spread northwards and eastwards throughout the day and outbreaks of rain move in. heavy births pit bursts in the north of scotland, north west and staying dry in the south—east. a breezy day, but because the lack of sunshine there won't be warm temperatures, grey gradually peters out at a system pushed off into the north sea. it turns drier on thursday night and friday we sought to import some warm air across

england, 15 or 18 degrees, low teens further north. for friday, we are in a run of westerly winds, it will be a run of westerly winds, it will be a breezy day but a bright one. quite a breezy day but a bright one. quite a bit of sunshine around, dry weatherfor england and a bit of sunshine around, dry weather for england and wales. showers affecting northern and western scotland, northern ireland but elsewhere it should stay dry. a warm day to come, low 20s in the north to mid 20s for south. this is just a taste of things because as we head into the weekend, we could see a short lived hot and humid spell, this heat moving up from france and spain likely to affect parts of england and wales, bitterly the south—east. the peak will be sunday going into monday, we could be in the low to mid boot—mack 30s, pretty short lived as temperatures dip closer to normal after tuesday.

live from london. this is bbc news. three men are sent to prison for their roles in the uk's week of disorder — in the first sentences handed down after days of unrest. as nearly 6000 specially—trained

officers are mobilised ahead of potential protests tonight the deputy prime minister says the public will be safe. the police will be there to keep the public safe. the police will be there to keep the ublic safe. , ., the police will be there to keep the public safe-— public safe. there is no excuse for thu: ae public safe. there is no excuse for thuggery and _ public safe. there is no excuse for thuggery and criminality _ public safe. there is no excuse for thuggery and criminality on - public safe. there is no excuse for thuggery and criminality on the i thuggery and criminality on the streets. us vice president kamala harris makes her first public appearance with new running mate tim walz — with a second rally planned for later today. israel's army issues a new evacuation order for palestinians in gaza — it says it's in response to rocket fire from the area on tuesday. i live from edinburgh ranger as you can see, i've been making a few new friends. ~ , ., , , ., can see, i've been making a few new friends. ~ , , ., ., hello, i'm annita mcveigh and welcome to verified live, three hours of checking out the days main stories and the facts behind them.