makes us think and opens thousands of roads before us. music can change the world because it can change us. music is inside each of us. let's go on a trip to belarus. the memorial complex near the beaver river was created on the site of the bloody events of 1944, where the battle for the crossing took place. it consists of a defensive line, a trench and dugouts. the crossing was held and after a few hours they moved along it. with us you will receive

a charge of positive emotions. it is possible for stars from my eyes to appear in the frame, because it's, it's incredibly delicious. visit the vibrant sights of our country. dear friends, we are in a city that has long been considered the cultural center of belarus. it is famous primarily for its luxurious castle, which for a long time was the residence of the rodivils. tourists can easily immerse themselves in the era when this place was ruled by the famous magnate company. who knows, perhaps one of the rodivilov princes once sat in this chair. see in the program the route was built on the belarus 24 tv channel.

cactus in mexico, sakura in japan, rose in in bulgaria, in belarus, cornflower, of course, but there is also miory buttercup, nettle, poleskaya, and even. magnolia suzanne. we will open the world of beautiful key rare plants in the next half hour. and in this amazing world, it is not surprising that science is also nearby. ekaterina beretskaya is with you. hello, watch today's program. who was the first in the world to describe a plant and coined the term botany? let’s study it together. history of the issue, we will find out what

features the flora of our country has, we will show plants that the world has learned thanks to belarusian scientists. aristotle was the first to talk about plants and even formalized his observations into a scientific work called plant theory, but the term botany was first used only by his student, theophrastus. even more. many scientists at different times around the world studied the flora of their latitudes, but truly serious interest in plants arose only in the 19th century, after charles darwin described his view of the scientific system. most botanists began to work on describing the successive stages.

the system developed by similar classification systems, but by the most specialized scientist from germany, engler. he and a group of colleagues wrote a twenty-volume work entitled natural family of plants, in which he brought the plant system down to genus and species. at the beginning of the 20th century , intensive study began. travel of different plant species around the globe. the founder of the movement is considered to be the german naturalist humbald. the research of the soviet scientist vavilov had a huge impact on the development of botany. he described geographical patterns in the distribution flora and their hereditary characteristics. nowadays , cetological, anatomical and biochemical methods are increasingly used in the study of plants. belarus has its own school of botany,

which was formed in 1963 when the institute of experimental botany appeared at the national academy of sciences. most recently , scientists released the fourth volume of the publication flora of belarus. it included 34 species of plants that world science did not know about before the research of our scientists. we will continue the conversation with one of the authors arkady nikolaevich. hello. good afternoon. it would seem that everything is already known about our flora of belarus. three volumes. but it turns out that’s not all.

to introduce into the flora all types of plants that grow in open ground, in the forest, in a swamp, in a meadow, and even in personal plots, in parks, along roads, in general, everywhere, in vegetable gardens, we must make a complete recount of our flora in order to what is growing here, why is it needed, and so that we can predict future ones. behavior of the species, we know, well, we will know from these books that some species are just appeared, just last year someone literally brought some seeds, say from egypt, and he sowed the seeds, these seeds sprouted, but the flower was somehow ugly, what

was happening? is pulled out and thrown out, where it is thrown, most often not even in the trash bin, although it will later end up, the list of plants in belarus, well, about one and a half thousand 1,600 there, well, it depends on who thinks, then with ornamental plants this the figure becomes significantly higher: 4,300 200, just like that, this is

the figure, more than 4,000, this compared, well, with wild flora, even the same caucasus , there are almost 750 pages here, if i ’m not mistaken, how much fits here.

yes, visit these sources of our information for flora, listen, well, i ’m guessing so, or maybe i’m wrong, but plants. species differ by region, when i taught students, i told them that if i was dropped on a plane at night with a parachute, then when it blooms, i will tell you where i am with an accuracy of 50 km, by plants, by plants, exclusively by plants, so it’s not like there are lakes and woodlands is different, literally at a distance of 50-70 km... there are already changes, but they are not subtle, not difficult for non-experts to distinguish, but there

are changes, maybe there are some characteristic plants for a particular region, well, shine us a little , immerse us, for the new year, each of us puts up either an artificial or natural spruce, yes, yes, but you go beyond pripyat, and there the tree does not grow, and what are they doing, they don’t put up a christmas tree for the new year, of course.

here in one alshanik, on hummocks , pickulia grows, in the water, kiev grows, they didn’t meet in this place , a hybrid was formed, you already said, one of the new ones, yes, but 34 species of plants that were unknown to the world before until you discovered it, it’s clear that it will probably be difficult to name everything, but probably , there are some amazing ones, you’ll be surprised, what’s new, what, in principle, is this...

that many really want, the majority of the population want, well, to leave a memory of themselves there for years, for decades, for a century, well, shakespeare, he left a memory for himself, it’s clear why, pushkin also why, what should we do, collect herbariums, arkady nikolaevich, but my colleagues, as far as i know, have already looked at your herbarium and more, let’s take a look too , and then we’ll definitely come back. in this

form, plants can be stored for tens or even hundreds of years, for example, an exclusive in the storage of the institute of botany of the national academy of sciences of belarus, herbarium of 1812. our laboratory is one of the oldest in the institute, it appeared at the same time as the institute, just sometimes the names changed, it studies the biological diversity of plants,

use for scientific research, but before such a leaf is presented, firstly, it is necessary to equip an expedition to find this or that type of plant. depending on which humidity group the plant belongs to, it will take different times to dry, from one to several weeks. to do this, they use hygroscopic surfaces that absorb moisture, although sometimes scientists admit, smiling, that the simplest newspaper can serve as a research tool in botany. then

each plant has a field label, with all the information necessary for scientists, but how... yes, the plant dries, receives the so-called clean label, only then it is entered into the database and placed in storage. we have previously seen the herbarium, which has already been mounted and is ready to be laid out. this herbarium, it is already prepared for layout, just sewn, mounted on these herbaar sheets, there are completely different species, now they need to be placed in these herbaar cabinets, where all these types of belarusian flora lie in a certain... plants are sorted by species into families, and then put into folders, thus completing the work of creating just one kerbar sheet.

a show where they don't fight physically. strength: scientists have proven that smart athletes are more likely to achieve success compared to those who rely only on physical strength. let us also improve our sports knowledge. a show where the main weapon is intelligence. which of them had a higher transfer price at the time of transfer to a new club, according to the authoritative resource transfermarkt. messi. messi. however, activity will also play a role. who are these guys rocking? this is carla anceloch. this is the wrong answer, this is zinedine zedan, 2020, real madrid became the champion for the thirty-fourth time, on the grounds of which complex will the olympic tennis tournament in paris be held in 2024, in paris on the grounds of orlango ros, absolutely correct, ralango ros, see intellectual and sports show, head game

on our tv channel. only for our viewers, we choose better. routes, we are located in the small town of grodno area called bridges. welcome. having eaten too much for a long time, they could not eat either baked fish or fish soup, they just sat and said to hundred lin. from then on the name of the city, stolin, came into being. and we set off on an exciting journey. at the end of the 15th century there was a large settlement on this site. and it appeared at the intersection of major trade routes, nemansky. and breska vilnius almanskie are a real tourist highlight, the only ones preserved in their natural state in belarus and the largest in europe. it's twenties, thirty ninth years. i can safely say that this is the best time for urban architecture. sidewalks and highways went up, trees were planted, and beautiful new buildings were built

to show how extraordinarily wonderful our country is. watch the program cities of belarus on the belarus 24 tv channel . you are watching the science nearby project, today we are studying the flora of belarus and here’s something else we’ll tell you about. the rarest plants in our country, which plants in belarus will be discussed in the new edition from the team of authors

of the institute of experimental botany of the academy sci. what are the rare house plants? is trending among belarusians and there is no need to be afraid, you just need to care for it correctly, a great report about exotic plants from the central botanical garden of the country. if you have just joined us, i’ll tell you that this is the science nearby project and today we are discovering the world of rare plants in our country, and a senior researcher at the institute of experimental botany is helping us with this in the studio. academy of sciences of belarus arkady skuuratovich. arkady nikolaevich, so that this publication can be produced, how much time did it take to work, research your colleagues. how much is all this , just for work on this fourth volume it took 6 years, it was planned to take 4 years, but due to the fact that there are many very new species,

so it took a lot of time. i know that you are still working on updating the red book? the red book must be republished in the country every 10 years, since the previous edition was carried out in 2015, it is not difficult to calculate, the first class knows this. the next building is 2025, so preparatory work they are already underway, something will change dramatically there, maybe there are some plants that have disappeared, for example, they are not there at all, or there are more of those that need to be preserved, accordingly, put in the red book, which specifically concerns this upcoming edition it was noted that, let’s say, i won’t talk about... all the groups, because there are quite a lot of them, there are mushrooms, lichens, algae, and mosses, i will talk about some vascular plants, vascular plants, their there were 194, now

there are 192 of them, that is, there are two more types less, but it's not just technically less, we removed nine species from this list, wow, yes, nine species, and four species. we removed it, that’s what you said, since they disappeared, we haven’t seen them for 50, or even 100 years, there were cases when these species were later found, then several species still, no matter how hard we tried, but still, a couple of species leaked out that were brought to us, once upon a time, well, this is the most famous event - this is the first world war, when the most... common transport was the horse and the population destroyed their hay by the partisans and the germans had to transport hay from

the carpathians, they poured it out near the streams, the horses ate, but of course the seeds remained, these seeds sprouted and are still preserved in places, there is interest in our rare plants, which you opened it, right? recently, for example, among foreign colleagues, yes, there is an undoubted interest, for us, the interest of scientists is calculated primarily by how often this or that publication is cited, for example, the flora of belarus or that other article, so here is the flora of the bssr, which was published from 49 to 59, it, unfortunately , was not cited very often, but the flora of belarus is cited quite often. i can’t help but ask you, and since we’re talking about plants, including rare plants, and i know that we even have cacti, i

think that for the audience this will be a description of several types of cacti, which we cultivate in the open ground, because in rooms, in greenhouses, it is clear that the collection numbers hundreds and, probably, maybe even more species, but we have several types of cacti , these are mainly from the genus apuntia, these are, well, for the population such as ears, such bear ears or well , not rabbits, probably bear ears are bigger, these are the types of cacti, they have we grow , winter and some shelter, some without shelter, we saw in the nesverzhsky district and in minsk, in the stoltsovsky district, they winter, winter, then bloom in the summer, that is...

the flora of the ussr even before the war, but after the war it picked up this affected all the union republics.

benjamin, elastica and larata. our film crew decided to find out which exotic plants are on the top list among belarusians. we went, of course, to the botanical garden of our academy of sciences to look for the answer. citrus fruit, of course, is always at the top of all trends, everyone wants to have a beautiful fruit-bearing tree at home, ficus trees are very popular, especially variegated varieties, such decorative leafy forms, drocaenas,

a lot has also appeared recently. well, they are also popular among the population, acquiring the favorites of the majority tangerine or lemon, you need to remember that all citrus fruits are subtropical plants; they need, scientifically speaking , wintering, this means that from november to february the temperature in the room where they grow should drop to 14-16 °, and if you have loggias or an insulated balcony, it is better to arrange it there in cold weather. during wintering , watering is reduced, and fertilizing is removed altogether from care, and the plant, one might say, is going through this period in such relative peace. already at the end of winter citrus fruits enter the active phase of the growing season and shoots begin to sprout. at this point you can start feeding the plants. experts advise focusing on nitrogen and iron. also during this period you can start pruning trees. here we see. there are many

shoots that are growing again, well, in order to form the crown of the plant, so that it looks neat, so that it grows evenly, you need to prune, if you see that shoots are growing, let’s say, like this one goes inside the crown, then it need to cutting down. a researcher of greenhouse plants admits that if you grow them at home for the purpose of decoration, then you don’t have to resort to botanical rules for pruning, he advises you to just... use your intuition, the main thing is to cut above the bud, that is , above the leaf, and choose less between two stems durable for pruning, otherwise complete freedom, the pruning is finished, the result is obvious, it will stick to this shape for some time, and then next year, when it grows back, the branches will larger, the plant will be taller, again it will be necessary to prune, for citrus, drocaena or fig, increased

humidity is important, for this... you need to spray the plants, this way you will create a natural increased level of moisture. the next important step in caring for exotic plants is watering. such plants prefer moderate, they should not be overwatered or overdried. by the way, their reaction will be the same, they will wither, and the leaves may even turn black. watering should be controlled and the plants should be watered as they dry out. and what should it do? remember that it is better not to top up the plants than to overwater them. what could it be? will not die due to the fact that yes, the root system begins to rot, it dies over time. you can tell that the soil is overdried by its consistency: when it looks like rich cottage cheese, there is enough moisture, when there is dust, it’s time to water it. so, if you follow all the rules of care, then in a year and a half you will be able to enjoy something delicious. well, now i’ll say for sure that this has been tested on

myself. the french writer george sant once said: plants are created to grow in one place, but people move and communicate. with each other, so move on, communicate with each other, and of course, discover something new for yourself, because even the world of plants, as we found out today, is amazing and not yet fully understood...