the use of optics does not end with small arms equipment and medical equipment, but is also used in the national economy. an achievement was the control of a laser, which today is widely used in industry, medicine, primarily in surgery, dentistry, oncology, and dermatology. all this was done here in minsk, at the optical-mechanical facility. for almost 70 years , the company's products have served the peace and security of our state. in general, by 1960 the bssr had significantly increased the output of defense products. compared to the pre-war period, it grew 12 times.

the television news agency presents it in the public domain. we have no secrets from our people. yes, the wars are well-known everyday life, which revealed the creation of the city and became the information of history, city and republic. the first would be the house of uradu. the most significant aspects of the life of belarusian architecture were made by hand, by hand. people from the fall of salome fears were not born, they were piled up.

lenin square in minsk, government house. during the war, the nazis called this building leninhaus. lenin's house. they wanted to blow up his. here, tons of explosives and 200 aerial bombs were planted in the basements. not from the mercy of the assadnik and not from the kabala pameshchyka exits your stick of bread, but from the land of the savetskaya union, and the land of the savetskaya union, and the land of the yago sumly pratsy, the dry savetska land. for savetskaya belarus, the report says, the blessed five-year plan will mean not only liquidation.

minsk had the first session of the verkhovnag council of the republic of the republic of dyataga, the oldest deputies, vice-president of the academy of sciences of the bssr, hero of the socialist fathers atrahovich, writer kandrat krapiva. deputy shamyakin, the first viceroy of the senior government of the union of writers of the bssr, was elected as the senior leader of the council. years and decades pass, but youth remains the mistress of the square. lenin square. this is the address of the medical and pedagogical institutes of the belarusian state university. lenin square, people's power square, science square, youth square.

hello, everything is clear with you about the project with marina karaman! let's talk about complex things in simple terms. today about what what are the prices for medications in belarus, will they decrease and how can you save on medications? go! during this period, we begin to get sick more and go to pharmacies more often. when your nose is clogged and your body aches from fever, we all need a magic pill that will cure the cold and its complications. unfortunately, such a pill has not yet been invented, so every sick person... carries from the pharmacy a heavy bag of medicine and a long receipt, often with three-digit numbers. if the number of positions on the receipt depends on our immunity, then the numbers in it are valid only the state can regulate, which is what it does. belarus has returned to reference pricing for medicines. referential

means serving to correlate with something, to bind to something. in this case , reference pricing is. setting the price of a product based on how much it costs in countries with economies, give or take, similar to ours. in the situation with medicines, the ministry of health has compiled a list of drugs that belarusians most often use, and the council of ministers has decided the selling prices for these drugs cannot be set higher than the state allows. the list can be found in council of ministers resolution no. 444 of july 6 , 2023, it is not long. a list of 776 resolutions from 2018, you can google both, you will come up with the same list , there are 37 positions in it, for example, besoprolol and amplodipine, they lower blood pressure, acetyl salicylic acid ibuprofen -

anti-inflammatory drugs, and here there is an important nuance: the list does not contain the names of the drugs, but the active ingredients on the basis of which the drugs are made, the drugs themselves with these actions... and suppliers can now buy them from manufacturers only at a price that our state will approve. now about how prices for such medicines are formed, so that the process is transparent and understandable, our ministry of antimonopoly regulation, henceforth we will call it march, has created instructions on the methodology for calculating maximum selling prices of manufacturers for medicines. it says that the price of the medicine is determined from... 13 of them are the same countries with economic systems similar to ours, their list permanent, it was approved along with instructions on the methodology for calculating prices for medicines, this is

annex to instructions number four. the list includes belgium, bulgaria, hungary, greece, kazakhstan, latvia, lithuania, poland, russia, romania, slovakia. france and czech republic. the fourteenth country is always the state in which the drug is produced. in practice it all looks like this. the manufacturer or its representative decides to sell a medicine, for example, made in india, in belarus. they look at what active ingredient is in it and check whether it is there in the list of the new version 776 of the savmin's resolution. they find him there. this means that it is necessary to agree with the state on the price at which it can be purchased for belarus. if the drug has already been sold on our market before, they take its average purchase price in the last 6 months, for example, it is 20 rubles per 10 g. then they look at what price the manufacturer sells it to 13 countries from the approved list in india itself.

these 14 indicators are added up and divided by 14, and the average selling price of the drug in the reference countries is obtained, for example, this is 22 rubles for 10 g. then the average price. of the drug on the belarusian market over the past six months is added to the average price of the reference markets, in our example it is 20 + 22 and the arithmetic average is derived, that is , they divide the result by two, they receive 21 rubles per 10 g of the drug, this figure becomes the price ceiling at which you can buy medicines from the manufacturer for the belarusian market. no, the fact is that drug manufacturers do not sell. in the pharmacy directly, they work with pharmacy companies that have everything for reception, transportation, storage and shipment of drugs. a batch is bought from a belarusian or foreign manufacturer, the supplier’s warehouse is brought to belarus, and from there it is sold or simply delivered to pharmacies.

in this case, the supplier works as an intermediary, bears the costs, wants to recoup them and make a profit. therefore , wholesale and retail premiums are added to the price paid to the manufacturer for the medicine; they amount to about 35% of the cost of the drug. you can’t put a premium on the price because of the ear. the process of pricing medicines, both those on the list of especially sought after ones and all others, are strictly regulated. presidential decree no. 366 on the formation of prices for medicines, medical products and medical equipment. it states that the maximum wholesale markup can be 9% of the price of the drug, the maximum retail markup 30%. moreover, the more expensive the medicine, the lower the premium should be. and here wholesalers need to put together the pricing puzzle in such a way that it is beneficial for their pharmacy clients. imported medicines are always more expensive because their own the supplier covers not only the maintenance of warehouses and transport specialists,

but also the costs of delivery from abroad and customs expenses. there are pharmacy companies for which this task is easier than for others, because they own their own pharmacy chain, for example, belpharmacy and medvax, and also interfarmax, unipharm and vitvar. the maximum permissible prices for the purchase of medicines for the belarusian market are agreed not for... cheek, but for the manufacturer, whoever wants to sell his medicine here on the market of our country, he will be able to sell it only at the price agreed upon by march. if the manufacturer decides that it is time to increase the price, he or his representatives will have to go through the entire procedure of agreeing on the selling price for the drug again in march. the pharmaceutical market is a space where seemingly 50x50 proportions are intertwined in an extraordinary way . compatible phenomena: concern for people and thirst for profit. many players in this market understand

that people’s lives depend on their work, and no matter what happens in the world, they try to deliver medicines to consumers. also, for the chance to restore health, each of us at a critical moment is ready to give our last. pharmaceutical companies know this; they did not spend millions of dollars creating and developing their production in order to lose profitable markets. therefore , as a rule, both spectators and their representatives are interested in agreeing on the selling price of drugs. they themselves apply to the march of belarus to obtain the right to sell their products here. agree on maximum selling prices for medications for the belarusian market back in 2018 alexander lukashenko ordered. the president saw that the quality of life of belarusians depended on this segment of trade and did not consider it possible to let education in it take its course. then the new scheme worked. prices for medicines. decreased, the market became transparent, and competition on it was healthy. but 2020 came

and coronavirus. entire countries went into deep quarantine. borders were closed, supply chains were broken, and supplies of medications were already under threat. it was impossible to delay them by agreeing on selling prices. thousands of people might not get it necessary medications on time. that’s why the president canceled the mandatory price negotiations for smart medicine. high speed became the priority, not. low delivery price. the storm has passed: “we have emerged from the coronavirus hell and straightened our shoulders under the onslaught of sanctions.” in april of this year, the head of state ordered the return of reference pricing for medicines. manufacturers of medications and their representatives must agree on prices for their products from the savmin list by december 1. this move will again comb the market for medical drugs, if not reduce or stabilize their prices. the cost of the same drug. in different pharmacies in belarus it can fluctuate within 70 rubles. the difference is huge, but most often

there are no violations of the law here. it’s just that pharmacy chains could give the drug at a discount, for example, for purchasing a large batch or because a fresh supply arrived in time, and the old one was lying in warehouses. before buying an expensive medicine, you should find it on the websites tablet byy or 103 by. there is information about the highest lowest price on it in your locality and throughout the country. but from those who are still confused by the cost of the drug, march accepts complaints and checks each case separately. saving on medicines begins in childhood, when no one smokes or drinks in the child’s home, and thus adults instill a behavioral program in the child by their own example, when on weekends the family goes to the skating rink or to the pool, instead of using in dubious company. drinks of dubious benefit. when a child is taught to chew. carrots and an apple is no less common than a chocolate bar; all these are investments in a future without drugs. the best

disease prevention for adults is moderate nutrition, adequate sleep, and giving up bad sports habits. people who are accustomed to solving all problems with a pill may argue that in the acute period everything is listed to them as grain to an elephant, in the acute period - yes, but for those who respect their body, the risks of catching this acute period are reduced tenfold . in belarus, respect for... citizens is maintained at the state level, at there are athletes on billboards along our avenues, and sports complexes are being built on the central streets of our cities. our president receives guests on the ski slopes. and hockey rinks, and journalists are gathered at the firewood chopping championship, and not on the dusty sidelines. this approach is the best way to save our money on medicines; all we have to do is use it. me, marina karaman and what to expect from drug prices in belarus? we sorted it out, everything is clear, see you later.

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you are just a peep, such a jumper for me. i am very glad that the zaslavs have opened a museum of the belarusian baby. and we are so familiar with everything that it is not a magical phenomenon, as long as the destruction of the right little one was going on, and we did not know these lions. sergey davidovich is known as a writer and a writer, he is the father of many people.

in a town in the grodno region called mosty. welcome. those who had eaten too much could not eat baked fish or fish soup for a long time. they just sat and talked. sto-lin. since then the name of the city has come. stolin. and let's go on an exciting journey. at the end of the 15th century there was a large settlement on this site. and it appeared at the intersection of major trade routes, nemansky and bresko-vilnius. almansky. a real tourist highlight, the only ones preserved in their natural state in belarus and the largest in europe. these are the twenties, thirty-nine years. i can safely say that this is the best time for urban architecture. sidewalks and highways appeared, trees were planted and new beautiful buildings were built. to show how

unusually wonderful, our country. when he moved from one place to another, it... was unharnessed and transported by the believing jews themselves from one place to another, now, as we see, the image is clearly visible, colors began to appear, this is of course a miracle of god, see the program of the city of belarus on tv channel belarus 24. the news is now live, pavel lazovik is with you, good afternoon. the country's armed forces continue to test their combat readiness. the formation and military units were carried out. loading of weapons and equipment onto railway transport, up to this was a review of readiness to perform tasks as intended. during the inspection , the unit.