the hairdressers call it theirs, they just call it a training head. seamstresses and clothing designers also have it, but it looks different, it’s called tailor’s. well, each of us, regardless of profession, regularly sees them in stores and shopping centers. surely you have already guessed that we are talking about mannequins, about them. we will talk in the next half hour, but

not about all existing types, only about those that help master the profession of a doctor. scientifically they are called simulation devices; in addition to the human body, they have voice, heart and even brain, all thanks to special computer programs. this is a science project nearby, my name is ekaterina beretskaya. hello, look at the program. royal assessment of where and how the world's first medical simulator was created. what global scientific developments have been introduced into the work of our robot training clinic? almost a real clinic, in which there are robots instead of patients. great report from the simulation center of the medical university. the first

medical simulation device was created to practice obstetric skills. when this happened and how events developed further, i’ll tell you right now. so, the first mention of a simple medical simulator dates back to the 15th century. it was then that the chief midwife of the oldest paris hospital. at a meeting of the french academy of surgeons, they effectively, as they would say now, presented a woman’s mannequin, made of bones, cotton and leather belts, and included a figurine of a baby. king louis x liked the sample so much that he appointed angelique du coudray to be in charge of teaching midwives throughout france. soon, similar devices began to be produced in britain, germany and japan until... the century

, simulators were only for female doctors, until in 1957 the austrian anesthesiologist peter safar developed a modern system of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. based on these data, in 1960 they created the first mechanical mannequin simulator, on which the entire cycle of cardiopulmonary resuscitation could be practiced. and then the technical revolution, the rapid development of computer technology. appearance in 1965 in the usa the first robot patient. even though the project was not successful, it was the project that prompted scientists to create an advanced mannequin model. its author, dr. michael gordon, named the mechanical patient harvey after his teacher. this model could already reproduce various options for breathing, pulse, blood pressure, murmurs and heart sounds that can occur during... already in 1986

, american anesthesiologist david gaba released a commercially available simulator. all previous versions cost from 100 thousand dollars and becomes one of the key figures in the simulation community. and at the beginning of the 21st century, medical simulators began to be produced in almost all developed countries. and today doctors even have at their disposal ... hybrid medical simulators, on which the actions of an entire team of doctors and nurses are practiced in conditions as close to reality as possible. in our country today , there are training centers with medical simulators in virtually every specialized university, and the belarusian state medical university, of course, no exception. a large

modern simulation center opened there in the fall of 2023. the director of the center, natalya vasilievna, is in our studio today. hello. hello.

you can ask him a question, he answers some questions, they listen to him with an ordinary phonendoscope, turning him like a person from right to left, the heart and lung sounds are identical, the same as in real life in a person, but

at the same time the teacher, in accordance with the program, can change them according to the topic of the lesson for the clinical situation that here now he is discussing with his listeners and teachers. there are quite high -class simulators, of course, the center that was built last received the latest simulators, which already have more capabilities, plus our center has unique simulators, which are not available in any other center, which allow you to practice skills for very

narrow-profile specialties, which, well , you can, if i may put it this way, there are individual specialties, where we have 12 specialists for the whole country, 15 specialists throughout the country, we have a cardiac surgery operating room for open heart surgery using a heart-lung machine, unique equipment that is not available in any center, there is a device for simulated virtual training in x-ray vascular surgery, this is also a very narrow specialty, it is of course in demand throughout the country, we have two such simulators, one is in our center, one is in the republican clinic under the presidential administration, and these two... stimulants allow us to provide training, advanced training and passing an exam when certifying these doctors for x-rays as vascular surgeons, and also each of the simulators has some of its own characteristics, some new products, because you understand that when high

technology comes, it changes everything literally within a year, the next purchase of the next robot simulator, it’s already a higher class with more skills, since we’re talking about the specifics. yes, there is a classification, can you be more specific? it’s possible, in simulation we ’re not just talking about robot simulators, you can start, let’s say, with a dummy that will be demonstrated, which only depicts some organ or part of the body, it has neither tactile nor any other characteristics close to reality, the next, no, is a dummy, the next is a phantom , a phantom is the same part of the body, but it is already made of those materials that, when you touch it, tactilely, it feels like human skin, for example, if it... on the phantom there can be, for example, a phantom hand, in she has veins, so you can fill them liquid simulating blood and conduct training on teaching intravenous injections, drawing blood for some kind of research, but it’s a phantom, it doesn’t respond, you just carry out

some kind of manipulation, the next step is we have mannequins, these are full-length simulators, they also don’t have electronic filling, but they are very... there is a mannequin simulator of a patient, there are some electronic settings that allow you to receive feedback, well , in the form of a sound or light signal, and the next step is robot simulators, oh which we talked to you, who not only give the opposite answer, but they react, for example, to the introduction of the correct drug, reading the name of the drug and its volume from the chip, worsening or improving the compliance of their own condition, that is, this is already more high-tech, well, the next one stage: these are virtual simulators, which are really some kind of computer,

some kind of virtual filling, it also has some kind of electronic-mechanical device, well, in the form of a medical instrument, for example, virtual laparoscopy, handles they are real tools, the feedback is real, but the picture is virtual, that is, virtual reality, augmented reality, and here we can go on endlessly, now they are already using... simulators, there are a lot of them, it’s really just fantastic, that’s probably all thought out in your very center, everyone has their own place of registration, yes, who, who, where, on what principle were they located, well , we have simulators like people, but we probably don’t have a registration, we have him registered somewhere, but we we can move it behind. really it’s convenient to arrange the simulators so that we can work out not only individual

motherhood and childhood, but childbirth is going on, an obstetrician-gynecologist is working, an anesthesiologist-renimatologist is helping a woman badly, a neonatologist is connecting badly to a child, everywhere this simulation cycle is going on, let’s say such a mini-virtual clinic, the next floor , for example, is completely dedicated to some kind of diagnostic procedures, ultrasound examination, fibrogastrodudenoscopy... hysteroscopy, that is, all the examinations that are available in healthcare, we actually have them on our floor and you can study on them there, there is a floor that is dedicated to more emergency care, there are various levels of simulators from basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation, advanced cardiopulmonary resuscitation, assistance in complex emergencies some conditions, there is anaphylactic shock, for example, or ostmatic status, and there is... on this same floor we have a unique complex - this is a disaster medicine hall, where in addition to

the fact that we have a real ambulance, there is a car in which you can put a simulator, again, 3d images of the street are reproduced on the walls, with the movement of cars, with noise, the ambulance can also make noise at the same time, that is, we create as much as possible a real situation for solving specific problems, so that later in... cial situations, a person has already , according to the algorithm worked out, in such a situation, no stressful situation has arisen, or he is not lost, he clearly knows what to do step by step, because he has undergone training in such, let’s say, blocks, like a block emergency care and disaster medicine, there is a floor dedicated to the surgical profile, where we have basic laparoscopic simulators, a virtual, hybrid operating room.

ready to show, let's watch the story. natalya, your task is to carry out the birth in a purely breech presentation. if at that moment there had been an outsider in the training class of the simulation center of the institute for advanced training of medical sciences of the belarusian state university, he would definitely have thought that he was in a real gym. at least our film crew, having opened classroom doors, the first seconds were. we were confused, but still we ended up, as planned, at

the obstetrician-gynecologist classes, only instead of the expectant mother, there was a realistic simulator of the latest model. for a long time, following the west, we dreamed of a simulation center in which not only students, but doctors could learn practical skills and bring them to automaticity. and thanks to the head of state and our leadership, we now have such an opportunity. today, obstetricians-gynecologists bring their actions to automaticity in a situation that occurs in pregnant women in a maximum of 5% of cases. this is a breech birth. childbirth deserves attention, it is led by a doctor. they have a high perinatal risk for the mother and fetus, so we must clearly carry out everything instructively, step by step, knowing the theory, being able to possess all this knowledge in practice, the atmosphere is like in a real hospital , the mood of the doctors undergoing training is also collected, as if they are really communicating with the present

patient. by the way, it was precisely on the soft, calm communication between the obstetrician and the expectant mother that the teacher emphasizes, this also needs to be learned. you can see everything, carry out all the manipulations, the main thing is to position it correctly, you see the upper jaw, in order to position the lower jaw you need to bring it a little to a different position, we have to sit it down, in addition, on such a simulator you can practice first aid techniques, here absolutely the

scenario is played out when the patient, for example, becomes ill and he says: my stomach hurts or my head hurts, then we can connect all the catheters to him, insert the necessary substances in order to, so to speak, revive him, our computer shows that we resuscitated him, whether we succeeded or not, and we can also use it as training material for students, for doctors, for processing, practicing some manual skills, removal of dental plaque, for example, looking at the condition of the oral cavity, conducting diagnostics, also treatment for... restoration of some kind, treatment for orthopedic structures, removing dental plaque, well, in general, everything is the maximum that can be done, including any surgical and dental procedures are perfected here by doctors; for this purpose there are small mannequins where artificial teeth are consumables, because after one lesson, that is, treatment with dental devices, the tooth is disposed of. once in another

audience, at first it also seemed to us that there was a reception, but no, here... doctors improve their qualifications in the field of ultrasound diagnostics, here on these simulators it is possible to read the patient’s complaints, the so-called scenario, which reflects the patient’s complaints , after which the program and sensor are turned on and we can see certain changes in the thyroid nodule on the mannequin, measure its size, volume and correlate what we see with the script we read. on this mannequin you can check the condition of the thyroid gland, pelvic organs, heart, but if problems are found with the heart that need to be solved by x-ray, then you can directly contact specialized surgeons on the same floor, who also train on simulators. and another audience in which our film crew was delayed - a

reflexology class. here, doctors and students study the location of active points in patients’ bodies through which work can be stimulated. the whole organism. on a mannequin, he and the teacher look for these zones and learn how to insert needles there correctly, for example, if the lesson is devoted to acupuncture. you are watching the science nearby project and here’s what else lies ahead. further, what new equipment are they planning to install in the simulation center? what world scientific developments have been introduced into the work of our educational robot clinic. for i tell those who have just joined us that today we are figuring out how, with the help of robots, future doctors learn to perform operations and save people. in the studio is the director of the simulation center of the belarusian

state medical university. natalya vasilyevna, we have already realized that you are a unique happy person, you... run a large clinic in which there are doctors, patients, most importantly, not a single complaint has been received from patients, not a single patient has been harmed, and not a single patient has suffered suffered, how much you have these same patients today, you can count them, you can, we have only 182 units of simulation equipment, and these are 79 items, that is, some are available in duplicate, in triplicate, i’m talking about... computer equipment, but at the same time, we need to note that the robot simulator, like the patient, is a person in itself; in order to carry out some kind of manipulation or say help, you need medical equipment. we also have a complete set of medical equipment, that is, all medical equipment starting from a syringe, ending with a defibrillator, an electrocardiograph, a ventilator,

an endoscopic stand - these are real medical equipment, our simulators are mostly russian-made, but i wanted to ask if there are domestic ones, mostly russian-made, unfortunately, simulator robots are not yet produced in belarus, but as far as i know, ours are already starting to work... specifically for simulation training in healthcare, so belarusian production has prospects, i think we will someday let's wait for belarusian simulators, 60% of our medical equipment is made in belarus, starting from ore beds, operating tables, defibrillators, ventilators, this is belarus. production, when they created the center itself, they probably took something as a basis, well, perhaps, as it is fashionable to say, world experience, although it seems to me that today

the world can already learn a lot from us, you are right, when you worked on the center project, we used, of course, the experience of our colleagues, but there’s no point in reinventing the wheel when it’s already yes, we mainly used the experience of russian colleagues, they are already building such turnkey centers, so we used their experience, but...

medical education is continuous, i also have a chance to learn now, i really love our department of pediatrics and onatology, because i myself am a pediatrician, i come,

see how it works, i want to do something myself, learn something, although i no longer work as a medical specialist, a slightly different, more organizational direction, but nevertheless - specialist doctors , which graduated from medical university, maybe even earlier than me, coming to our center, they are happy to work with simulators, and we are very glad that we can give them this chance, although they did not have such an opportunity as students . and you, as the director of the center, probably want to provide even more opportunities to future students and current doctors. maybe there is something in the plans, the center will develop? of course it will develop. we think that we really need some kind of diagnostic direction, here we have a transfusiology center asking us to do some classes for them.

you from your colleagues. thank you! the ancient greek that they found the time of luck, may everything work out for the thinker, who is rightly called the father of medicine, hippocrates, said: when starting treatment, the doctor does not rely on reasoning, on experience supported by reason. if you have been with us for the last half hour, then now you know that today future doctors can... gain this experience directly during the training process without waiting for internship practice. and all because, as it turned out, science is nearby in this topic.

good morning belarus with svetlana borovskaya, this is a fascinating acquaintance with unusual people. my name is olga, i am the owner of this institution, a cultural institution, a house of crafts, i thought there was no one here once a week. he’s driving, hello, but there’s a little, zhen, here’s the most important question, how did you choose, you’re sitting on the sofa, and you’re thinking, what kind of business would it be to start a business, the secrets of a good mood, let’s drive our bus, kick it, come on, come on, good difference belarus, how beautiful it is, oh, girls, leave me a couple of buns to put in.

a couple of buns for you, sama, sama, sama, and many more interesting educational stories, but now such fashionable breads, in addition to very simple, ordinary ones, are still wanted, some without flour, some without sugar, some with with additions, we do everything, we will present everything, you will see everything, today we have restored all types of folk belts in the house of crafts, watch on the belarus 24 tv channel, he means to come to you on an excursion, and you bring him to the office through. yes, they know everything about their small homeland and generously share this knowledge with the viewer. in our village there was such a tradition: during mowing, residents went far into the swamp, in order to mow hay, to save time, they spent the night there, in freshly cut huts. happy childhood and youth, calm and measured

life. they have what many strive for. i am connected with this river, both during my childhood, at school, and now as adults, we live, look at the water, enjoy life. but now, when the swamp is cultivated, when the birds have returned, when we go out, we sit down.

serving the purpose of their further perpetuation. based on the results of field search work, information about more than 3,700 people who died during the great patriotic war, as well as during the first world war, was established. watch on tv channel belarus 24. in the ostromechevsky expanses there is the most fertile land and the most hardworking people, with whom you can achieve high and good harvests. i get moral satisfaction. when i hear

the gunshots of the honor guard fireworks ceremonial reburial, when you really understand that the work was done efficiently and the result was achieved. we tell you how to choose high-quality products for healthy dishes. when choosing zucchini, it is important to consider the method of their preparation; when choosing, it is important to pay attention to the integrity of the fruit and its skin, in no case...