their work, it’s not for nothing that tolochin is called the city of workers. web sergeevna, hello, i caught you at work, it turns out like this, as i understand it, this is material for your future creations, yes, this is a varietal vine, it’s called american, do you prepare it in advance? for our work, well , yes, in the fall, in the spring we prepare it, like this, only it can be prepared for the future, yeah, well, practically yes, but i see it’s still so tender, not strong, it’s very fragile, but you have to be careful with it, even if i tied it up, it needs to be somewhere neat, because if it bends too far, then it will no longer be useless. over the course of several decades, lyubov sergeevna learned to grow laza, process and store it. and also

to make amazing things from natural material that leave no one indifferent, you have a waste-free production, yeah, yes, we are fine-tuning the bark for now, then if we need it, we also soak it and do everything we need, that is like some decorative elements it turns out to be used in your case, yes decorative, then we dried the hole, we definitely sort it, because when you need to make some product, it’s a cartload of stuff that needs to be sorted. our ancestors mastered the skills of weaving with wicker even before they learned to hunt and fish. this old craft predates the art of pottery and weaving. for some time , they forgot about wicker weaving, but thanks to such masters as lyubov sergeevna, this unique business found a second wind. today , natural materials and handmade items are in fashion.

the vines are experiencing a new flowering, and where is this, i don’t understand, here? look where it’s close, where it’s not underneath, yeah, when you see the master’s work, it seems that she can create almost anything from this capricious material, but in fact the secret of success is simple, experience passed on from generation to generation, a strong desire to work passionate. as the decade of the century flies by, the residents of the city only prove their status as workers every year. personally, after meeting tolochin, i don’t have a single question regarding the origin or name of this place. come and discover your tolochin.

one of the key places today is occupied by microelectronics for the simple reason that it surrounds us everywhere, including household appliances, gadgets, production equipment and medicine. technology and computer technology, and the it sphere, it is in demand today, but one way or another, any program can only be implemented on software hardware on which the microelectronics itself is based. microelectronics is the engine of progress in all areas. me name is maxim. maksimovich, i am deputy

general director for development and preparation of production of the open joint-stock company integral, the management company of integral holding, the motto of our company is high technologies for a better life. the working day begins at 8 am, taking into account the fact that the company operates around the clock. the first thing i receive is information about how the equipment worked and all the preparation for production during the night period. based on the results of this information, any measures are taken actions, if necessary, supervise the development of the production itself, the structural

unit that is subordinate to me is the department of the chief power engineer, the department of the chief mechanic, the investment department for the purchase of equipment, the production preparation department, the design department... this is the opinion, in fact, we we do not produce boards, but we actually produce those components that are subsequently installed on boards by manufacturers of some equipment or household appliances or devices, respectively, our main product is integrated circuits, such as the nominal values ​​​​that we produce are

about 2,500, that is, it is a very wide range, what is an integrated circuit, in fact, in a nutshell, then it is ...

that’s relatively knowing the design rules and assembling a set of these elements, which results in an already manufactured microcircuit, how our designers determine what rules are needed, naturally, the customer of the final product understands what parameters he needs we need a microcircuit, accordingly we receive this technical specification, which indicates the parameters, this is the current, this is the voltage, this is the power of this microcircuit, based on... these requirements generated by the customer , taking into account the design rules and the software and hardware that are available on integral, the developer forms the topology of the microcircuits, and then the design documentation, and this result of the developer’s work, goes to the technological

service, in the technological service the manufacturing route itself is formed, the sequence of all technological operations, all this is ultimately formed: technological documentation, technological documentation is sent to production, i work as the chief designer of department a, i am currently working on a circuit diagram for an electrical microcircuit for a port expander with an spi interface, this microcircuit will be used in household appliances in special devices to expand the capabilities of microcontrollers. the development of electrical topology diagrams will take approximately a month and a half, the development time in general depend on the complexity of the chip. the production of an integrated circuit itself

begins with the production of silicon. flint is essentially quartz sand. we do not produce the cream ourselves; it is purchased from the russian federation and the chinese federation. 100 mm, we have three production lines, one production line for a diameter of 100 mm, the second for a diameter of 150 and the third for 200 mm, subsequently, this silicon is cut into wafers at our branch in the city of pinsk. a special layer is formed on the surface of this plate, in this layer

subsequently, through various kinds of technological operations, the structure of the microcircuit is formed. developers, when developing a microcircuit, initially provide for the number of different types of elements inside the microcircuit, and during development, provide a method for connecting these elements to each other, a method for isolating these elements relative to the plate, so that there is no short circuit. the main technological process in the process of forming the chip topology by developers. you and i are at crystal production, this is photolithography section, specifically in this section the pattern is transferred from the photomask to the plate itself. as we see, there is yellow light in the corridor, all this is done so that the photoresist that is applied to the surface does not lose its properties.

relative to the plate, or the tracks along which signals subsequently pass, that is, these are already metallized parts, depending on the complexity of the microcircuit itself, the number of these layers can be from two to forty, the most complex microcircuit, which is produced on an integrated circuit, contains 33 layers, all these 33 layers - these are the elements from...

enters the thermal diffusion section, diffusion itself is needed in order to obtain a dielectric layer that isolates the elements that make up the microcircuit from each other. the production process uses a large number of different chemicals, including gases. all gases are supplied through pipelines: hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen. it should be noted that the issue is not only about supplying just gas, but the gas must be purified from all kinds of impurities. some of the gases are main gases, that is, directly comes here from the station, a certain part of

the gases enters the cylinder. why is all this closed? these gases are harmful both to the environment and to humans; accordingly, the cabinets themselves in which the cylinder is located are equipped with all kinds of safety devices; if depressurization suddenly occurs, the automation blocks the supply of the gas itself to the technology. process, including entering this gas-technological process, before it is released into the atmosphere, it goes through special purification installations, and at the exit it already comes out just air that has been purified from all harmful impurities. builder

let's go on a trip to belarus. the kauna river flows through our city. so here is kalin kaunya or topkaya kavnya, a settlement on topkaya kavna. this name gave the modern name to the city of kalinkovich. let's take a historical excursion. this icon was built by efim petrovich sorokin in the temple of this in 1915. and this painting is unique in that it is signed, usually for icons, this is not traditional, and we will also visit the brightest sights of our country, they say that... this water heals from many diseases, unmarried women come here to take a sip from this water to find a husband, and scientists, in turn , claim that it is very useful due to its high magnesium content. in the art gallery of victor gromyk there is a tri-hall; all the artistic heritage of the region, its path, history and more are collected here.

look in the program for the route built on the tv channel. belarus 24. we will prove that science is closer than you think. research related to tremors requires specific serious attitude in order to optimize technological processes to improve the quality of food products. fats should be in our diet, because they are still a source of energy and a component of our hormonal system. complex things in simple terms. yeast extract is a product obtained from yeast; we isolate all the valuable components that are found in yeast, and also share the most interesting facts. by the way, in russia ice cream was made immediately with the addition of milk since ancient times. of course, this was a winter dish; the sweet milk mass was taken outside, and

in the morning they were spooned into plates. the soviet lion doctor zilber invented it. watch the science project nearby on our tv channel. to create conduction bands between elements in the microcircuit structure, it is necessary to introduce impurities. in this situation, we are at the ion doping site, where impurities are introduced into the structure, impurities such as boron, stony and arsenic. to create physical connections between the elements that

make up the structure of the microcircuit, perform the spraying operation. as a guide. aluminum is used, all this happens in cluster-type installations. the final product of crystal production is the microcircuit itself; depending on the product , there is a large number of microcircuits on one wafer, from 100 to 10 thousand pieces, where each microcircuit is something independent of each other, and it is also called a chip. on this. then the wafer goes to assembly production, a microcircuit is formed on the wafer so that it crystal production ends, corpus, it is necessary to separate the crystals from each other; for this , scribing operations are performed, that is, cutting the plate into crystals. if

the product is shipped to the consumer in... in a cased version, then the plate itself does not undergo the scribing operation and , accordingly, all subsequent ones as well. after the scaling operation, the cut wafer into chips undergoes the next operation, this is the operation of mounting the crystal into the package. the next operation is the operation by connecting the contact pad of the microcircuit itself, here we see it, directly with the output. aluminum or copper wire is used for connection of the housing. after completing the operation of connecting the contact pads of the crystal with the terminals of the package, the next operation is performed - this is the sealing operation. the sealing operation is necessary in order to protect the crystal from external

influences. after completion of the sealing operation, the products enter... measurement testing, where they undergo control testing, go through the marking stage in ultimately goes into packaging before shipment to the final consumer. at each technological operation, technologists have determined their own quality control methodology. accordingly, there are measuring instruments, there is measuring equipment, where the functionality can be assessed using various kinds of programs or simulations. circuit when it is mounted in the housing. at the moment we are in the state center for white microanalysis and integral. our division is engaged in

analytical research of products produced by integrals, is also involved in monitoring the technological process of manufacturing products that occur at each stage of its production, well, plus here we are...

the amount of time it takes to manufacture a microcircuit also depends on the complexity of the microcircuit and can range from 15 to 60 calendar days, with from the point of view of development, testing, mastering in mass production and in order... to bring this microcircuit to the level of shipment to the consumer can take from two to 3 years, what is unique about the integral, if we are talking about here is our minsk site, this is a full production cycle, that is, there is both the development and production of developed products, this is when we talk about microcircuits, but this is not the only direction. which the integral has, one of the areas is medical technology, at the moment we are at the thermometer assembly site, it should be noted that the crystal, which

is the heart of the thermometer, is also produced by the new integral, crystals are supplied to this site already assembled, payment is carried out directly by itself assembly. the nomenclature for today of our medical products is as follows: these are thermometers, these are beds, these are blood pressure meters, this is a machine for artificial ventilation of the lungs. the range of these products will be expanded in the future. ojsc integral is also engaged in the production of electronic clocks for information display devices that we can see in public transport. accordingly, the scope of application of integrated circuits produced by the integrated circuits also widely covers mechanical engineering. and medical products, and space. integral's participation in space exploration began in 1981 . uh, at that time the ussr was launching

the buran spacecraft into orbit. well, certain electronic components included integral products. in 2005 , the belarusian satellite belka also contained. every day we work to ensure that you receive the latest and most useful information.

the twenty-minute format allows us to talk about what is happening in belarus and the world. take a linguistic walk through capital in the company of our guides. find a new place on the map of belarus that is definitely worth seeing, as well as suggest projects and films. which will certainly become your favorites. this and much more awaits you in the ether 24.7 project. watch on tv channel belarus 24. we introduce you to the architectural memories of belarus from different eras and styles. at the same time, with all these figures , the karaleevsky peraials and the very same architectural patterns, which symbolized the absolute difference. structures of the state. with the russian empire nearby, the whole an absolutely new imperial concept of classical architecture, which has passed away from

the earliest tradition, has appeared.

probably something else, we know that criminals come to them, when crossing we receive an alert, a notification that your person who was wanted was checked, we have three to five people like this a day, and not a single one of them they don’t detain, that is, they travel freely back and forth, that is, criminals move around among them, that is, now europe is simply flooded with criminals, that’s right, all countries they absolutely understand that... if there is no interaction in law enforcement agencies, then there will be no result. over the past 4 years, the crime situation in belarus has only been improving. while our law enforcement officers are working and making belarus safer, european police filters are actually not working. ksenia lebedeva’s author’s view of the policy of double standards in the project is something else. watch on the belarus 24 tv channel. uao integral has an industry

laboratory of new technologies and materials, it was created in 2018, it was developed step by step equipping with the necessary equipment, personnel, and the main task of this industry laboratory is the accelerated development of new technologies in order to subsequently transform these technologies into mass production, this plate is being developed ... for a photodetector device, which we are now at the final stage of developing the technological process. this means that in the future, after going through all stages of development from experimental pilot batches, after a test cycle, when all the declared characteristics are confirmed, microcircuits using these crystals

will already be... the history of the integral begins in 1961, it was then that the decision was made to build a plant, which will subsequently be engaged in.

in the city of brest, this is coral llc in the city of gomel, and this is a printing house, which is also located in minsk, all exports, if divided into components, consist of the russian federation and the countries of southeast asia, about 90% of products go to the russian federation, the rest 10 divide or... include consumer countries such as china, south korea, taiwan, india. our crystal production is measured in wafers, production capacity for each of the wafers’ diameters is the following: about 42,000 wafers per month is a diameter of 100, about 3,850 wafers per month is

production... a line with a diameter of 150 mm and 100 wafers per month is production line 200 mm. and if we are talking about the packaging of our devices in the end. then in total this is about 800,000 devices per month, the holding today employs a little more than 6,000 people, itself the management company integral, which is located in the city of minsk, employs about 5,500 people. the company is, of course, interested in new employees. we work primarily with four educational institutions such as the belarusian state university of informatics and radioelectronics, the belarusian state university, the national technical university and the gomel state university named after francis skaryn. these four educational

institutions are, in essence, those institutions who supply us with personnel. first of all, these are design engineers, engineering technologies, including our future developers. if we are talking about... working personnel, these are operators, adjusters, then this is an educational institution that we have at the minsk state college of electronics today. long-term agreements have been concluded with these educational institutions, according to which the educational institution prepares specially targeted training for integral, starting from the junior years, students undergo practical training and subsequently remain with us are employed. integral today has a sixty-year history, and if we talk about this word with our consumers, the first thing they say

about integral is quality, integral products are of high quality, we guarantee a 25-year warranty on all products. there have never been any global failures in our products, the company set big goals for itself in the year of quality, moreover, we applied for a republican award in the field of quality. i came to the integral at in 2004, according to distribution, this was my first workplace, which remains so to this day. i’ve probably gone through all the steps, starting from... the drive that is present in it, these are not moments of peace, that is, work for me is . in general, i really like work, i like

not only a conditionally second home, but this is a way of self-development, self-realization and obtaining moral satisfaction from one’s work; probably today it is impossible to imagine life without microelectronics for the simple reason that residents the world is so accustomed to the conveniences that exist, to the speed of movement between countries, to communication using mobile phones, that it is even impossible to imagine life, to be honest, i can’t imagine it for myself, as it is now, if suddenly microelectronics disappeared .

and what categories of belarusian goods are most in demand in foreign markets? and of course, these are the most, probably, we ourselves can always say that these are meat and dairy products, these are our products. power supply and mechanical engineering enjoys great success, agricultural engineering attracts foreign partners, our flagships, mtz, mas, belas, are always at the top at any exhibition, confectionery products are also a huge success, and of course, scientific and technical developments, in your opinion, this is what makes belarusian products competes successfully in foreign markets? first of all, this is quality, this year is the year of quality, and i can say that at foreign events, at our exhibitions, products are presented that...