state policy in belarus has a multi-level support system, by 2025 almost 31 thousand social facilities in our country will be fully accessible to people with disabilities. belovia has once again entered the top of the most punctual airlines. the rating was compiled by sheremetyevo airport. the evaluation criteria included whether the plane departs, takes off and arrives on time, as well as whether there are delays in boarding passengers. this is not the first time that. the national air carrier occupies a leading position in ratings of punctuality of russian airports, yekaterinburg harbor koltsova and moscow domedova note us. the season of boletus, birch boletus and aspen mushrooms is declared open. belarusians boast about baskets full of mushrooms in social networks. judging by the videos, the mushroom boom is observed in most regions of the country.

if you also decided to go on a quiet hunt this weekend, you should remember that it is better to avoid unknown mushrooms, there is already the first victim of toadstool poisoning, it is best to go mushroom picking in proven places and be sure to take drinking water with you charge.

generosity once you feel and you will not forget more nikolai, here everything is true, hello, on air the program is authorized to declare its host nadezhda, i greet you, let me remind you, the program is for those who want.

with a tourist in october 2023, krieger, on assignment from the sbu, conducted reconnaissance and photographed military equipment, the territory of a military unit, railway tracks, a loading and unloading platform near the azirishche railway station near minsk. he sent the data he received representative of the ukrainian special service. after that, the german planted explosives on the railway tracks of the azirishche station, reported to his supervisor and returned to the hotel in minsk. on october 5, at about midnight , an explosion occurred at the station before the arrival of a passenger train. as a result , sleepers were destroyed, rails were displaced, the railway track was damaged, and a crater was formed on the crushed stone ballast. on october 6, krieger was going to fly to baku, but was detained. krieger was found guilty under six articles of the criminal code of the republic belarus for terrorism, agent activity, mercenarism. he was sentenced to the extreme measure of punishment, the death penalty. krieger appealed to the belarusian president with a request for pardon, taking into account all the circumstances, the head of belarus b...

decision on pardon. venezuelan president nicolas maduro won the presidential election. as the chairman of the national electoral council elvis moros stated on local national television, after counting 80% of the votes, maduro received just over 51, and candidate from the opposition united platform edmund gonzalez rutin 44.2%. at the same time, to win, the candidate only needs to get a simple. not an absolute majority, the turnout was 59%. belarusian leader alexander lukashenko congratulated nicolas madur on his victory in the presidential elections in venezuela. maduro said after the results were announced that his re-election was a triumph of peace and stability, adding once again that venezuela's electoral system had demonstrated transparency. the opposition did not recognize the election results. its leader, right-wing politician maria karina machada, who is banned from running for president by decisions of the comptroller general and the supreme court of the republic, called gonzález the elected

president. against the backdrop of the re-election of nicolas maduro, thousands of people took to the streets of caracas. mass clashes between protesting police officers are taking place in the capital of venezuela. the re-elected president. maduro said that the actions of protesters on the streets of the capital of venezuela are similar to the actions of participants in color revolutions, behind which are the americans. the head of state noted that protesters attacked law enforcement officers and committed vandalism. according to maduro , approximately 80% of those detained had previously had problems with the law. in tehran , the political leader of hamas, head of the politburo, ismail haniyeh, was killed. hamas officially acknowledged the death of the head of the bureau, placing responsibility for the incident on israel. the movement said that the attack occurred after haniyeh took part in the inauguration ceremony of the new iranian president masoud pezeshkian. the iranian ministry of foreign affairs called the us government an accomplice to israel in the murder of ismail haniyeh. the main goal of the attack on

the head of the hamas politburo is to increase instability in the middle east, according to tehran. iran has an inalienable right to respond appropriately to the murder of the head of the hamas politburo in tehran. the islamic revolutionary guard corps reported that an investigation is currently underway into the incident, the results of which will be announced later. israel has not yet commented on the news of the death of the hamas politburo head. well, i will begin today's program with this historical sketch: the eighties in the 19th century, when the european powers were gripped by a fever of colonial conquests, one of the guests of the german chancellor otto von bismarck noticed that he did not have a map of africa in his office. bismarck led his... to the map of europe. here is france, bismarck showed. here is russia, and between them we are, here is my map of africa. and for many years historians cited this episode as an example of bismarck's pure national pragmatism, free from spotlighting and geopolitical fantasies. the ruling circles eventually convinced besmarck of the expediency

acquisition of colonies on the black continent, which became one of the causes of the first world war. today, skeptics also ask: with so many unresolved problems in europe , is the union worth it ? hello, hello, well, as per tradition, we begin our discussion with a blitz question. one frantsich, africa in the 20th century, is it still a continent of problems or a new engine of the world economy? a continent with problems, but with a very big prospect, to put it briefly. an excellent answer to a blitz question. yes, andrey viktorovich, please. africa is a colossal

storehouse of resources, in this regard it is a springboard for future development of both the world economy and the national economy. it was infected during the period of the collapse of the french colonial empire, the year of africa is the sixtieth year and approximately from the presidency of charles, but especially it happened under valériscar destin, such a theory arises, i think many of the viewers are familiar with it from

the famous film with belmando the professional, everyone remembers the music, but if you remember the plot, then this is a typical françafrique, that is, having formally abandoned the colony, from the colony don't leave, i'll remind you that there is such a currency for 14... all countries, the café franc, they call it differently, but in reality its original name is the franc of the french colonies in africa, that is , the typical system of neocolonialism was preserved, i would say, it is textbook, and it began to happen that the french stopped coping with their leadership in the region, they were unable to ensure economic prosperity, which they promised, well , prosperity, you know, conditionally, at least some kind of assistance, they were unable to provide security, because in these countries... terrorist, separatist and often fundamentalist groups mixed with a political interpretation of islam began to grow, they are very active there, armed conflicts broke out in these countries, as a result of these armed conflicts

a new young military-political elite came to the fore, which began to push aside the old oligarchic, connected, well, with some kind of family ties and supported by france, plus a very large population growth. let me remind you, that the countries that you show, well, in particular, we can talk about at least chad, malia, but i will speak in french, nigeria, after all, these are the countries that occupy the first places in birth rate.

three african states that were previously under the strong influence of france, which did whatever it wanted there, if it was necessary to organize a coup d'etat, the french foreign legion would calmly fly out and carry out a coup d'etat, it was necessary to eliminate some leader, who did not fit into the management model, the leader was eliminated, all this remained literally until the last few years.

which first developed its activity in mali, well, france's energy is nuclear energy, france is very dependent on uranium supplies, most of the uranium that was supplied to france was mined in uranium mines on the border of mali and niger. and tell me, please, andrei viktorovich, can we trace the connection between france's flight from africa and the rather aggressive rhetoric that appeared in recently in relation to the russian federation of the entire soviet state, no,

well there is certainly a connection, these are interconnected factors, among other things, because flight can be disguised in different ways, there is such a saying, exhausting the enemy by running, this is the flight, they were forced out of there because they were unprepared for the emergence of another major player, they relaxed by and large, well and short-sightedness there, everything in a complex. but this does not mean that they do not have the strength to continue this game, they will gather their forces, in general, we still have to tinker with them, here vadim frantsovich, tell me please, could there be some kind of future, the fact of agreements, a certain exchange, africa, ukraine, some kind of certain relationship, that is, the sphere of interests is obvious, we are talking about a model. in general , donald trump offers something open and something closed, this is the so -called big deal, a big deal on

the division of spheres of influence, which, by the way, medvedev, dmitry anatolyevich, still future the president after the five-day war in south ossetia formulated principles there, yes, to divide the world into zones of responsibility such, they often talk about this, how realistic is this, we need to see if we can trust the west, definitely not, will it fulfill its obligations, of course not, in this regard. and what, in fact, is there to exchange? will russia leave west africa and will france come there? no, the united states and china will come there, that is, the current conditional enough confrontation between russia and africa, because well, such an open clash there is still nothing happening there, like for example in chad at one time africa openly clashed there with muammer gaddafi, let's say, yes, then here there is no open clash, in this regard, what is there to talk about, besides, i will tell you... let's move on to the critical part, i would say that we should not overestimate russia's capabilities now in

africa, because if we compare trade turnover, if we compare russia's investment capabilities, it is inferior not only to china, the european union, and france is not one country, it is the european union, in a number of positions they act together, it acts too, it yields to the united states yields to turkey, that is, russia as an external economic partner of the major players even. i mean, russia, well-known pmc wagner in its time, now other groups, replaced those very french mercenaries, well, there was such a famous bob denard, who became a symbol of an entire generation in politics, who simply overthrew the president, he himself could govern entire countries, let's pay attention to the map, russia's military presence in africa, vadim frantich, i apologize for interrupting you, yes, please, very timely, yes, well

, look, it all started, so to speak, with the central african republic, it was the first. entry, the formation of permanent bases, a very difficult situation, but the tsar, one of the classic countries of influence of france, where that very foreign legion could overthrow anyone, that famous emperor bakasa, one of the most brutal stories of africa, for some reason the soviet union was blamed for it, it had nothing to do with it at all, that's all the french did it, the same valery zheskara organized an absolutely cringe-worthy operetta coronation at the time, and behind all this serious problems were brewing there, the growth of islam.

russia's influence in the tsar is very large, if you like, initially it was one of the main bases of the same pmc wagner. yes, the events in mali, in burkina faso in nigeria. here burkina faso is an interesting example, because the west often accuses russia of artificially changing the situation in order to organize its military bases, these are the top some events, nothing like that. burkina fasso - the anti-colonialist movement - is originally the upper volta. what is the upper volta? it is a classic christomathic example of french colonialism and neocolonialistism, and after the formal withdrawal of france, so burkina fasso is literally the homeland of worthy people, there is a revolution, as they call it, and in many ways it was so, a military revolution, without any intervention of the soviet union, caused by absolutely internal processes, it happened back in the eighties, with eighties there, in

the course of the internal struggle , the generations of these military leaders change, which are periodically replaced by civilians, that is... that is, we should not sometimes overestimate the external influence, understand that a whole series of changes are taking place inside africa, this is what we were talking about, population growth, this is the emancipation of the elites, the growth of the number of literate people, the manifestation of the intelligentsia, the formation of their own bourgeoisie, these are the classical, if you like, marxist definitions, they are very suitable, west african societies change, and france, it simply either ignored it, or could not cope, why, for example, france now... definitely lost completely, it can still fight, it tried to carry out two military operations to fight the islamists, well, there they are even more, but the main one is barkhan, serval, all these operations failed, france in fact, they did not talk about it loudly, suffered a military defeat, it did not realize the goals declared to local governments, and the russian military presence turned out to be

effective, russia could contribute to the central governments or those that came as a result of military coups, but they call: russia was able not only to ensure their stability, but also effective opposition, as it happened in niger with the americans, even with the american military base, to ensure their alliance. the question arises, are those african countries ready to see representatives of the united states of america and france on their territory again, that is, here first of all it is worth asking them about this. we recalled the creation of the confederation of the alliance of sahel states, and the countries decided. to take another step towards greater integration . the integration is based not only on the issue of security, but also on the opposition of the former metropolitan france, and the wider hegemon represented by the united states. not only this, we will recall in more detail in our story. niger, mali and burkina faso. political chaos has covered these african countries in the past few years. in 2021 , the junta took control of the country in male. in

burkina faso, power passed to the military in 2022 following two coups in nigeria. the military overthrew the president in 2023. the soldiers who seized power agreed to fight the jihadists together. this threat, among other things, played a role in military coups and led to regime change in these three west african states. all of them border each other and are among the poorest not only in africa but in the world. previously, the countries were part of the west african economic community, but they did not support the leaders who came to power and imposed sanctions. in september last year, the countries created an alliance of states. at that time, it the main goal was to jointly combat terrorism. now the state has formed the confederation of the sahel states, with the aim of taking another step towards greater integration, they have concluded a corresponding agreement. this happened following the summit held in neame, in which the leaders of the three countries took part. information about the new african union is not yet much. it is known about various joint projects that

will affect a wide variety of areas. the alliance will also have to introduce a common financial unit. during the first year, the chairman unification will be mali. and i think it is worth inviting french political analyst nicolas mirkovic to our discussion. mr. mirkovic, dramatic decrease of french. mr. mirkovic. a significant decrease in french influence in africa has become one of the results of macron's presidency. what is the reason for this failure, a personal mistake of macron and his team or a general weakening of france in the international arena? well, i think that this is not a new story, it has been going on for quite a long time. macron has been pursuing the same policy to africa, that its predecessors. france has always had a special. attitude to africa, on the one hand, france gave many, many states that were former colonies independence, but nevertheless, retained

a special interest in these countries from an economic point of view. france has always maintained good relations with the local aristocracy. the african population, unfortunately, has not come to its own.

they are told by african countries, we do not want this anymore, and we see that this story has been going on for quite a long time, and of course he is responsible for this, because he did not understand the reality, did not understand the situation on the african continent. mr. mirkovic, the situation looks as if moscow is doing in africa the same thing that washington did in the post-soviet space, a change of regime followed by the deployment of political, economic and military forces.

i think that russia respects the interests

of african peoples more than the west did. and it invests more in ensuring their prosperity. the second point of your question, will there be an exchange? i think that an attempt will be produced because. the powers that be on the international chessboard, they are looking at how they can play their game, and if we look at, say, western europe, western europe does not have many natural resources, gas, oil, cobalt and so on, and they need to find partners.

but in general, indeed, the french and other europeans and even the americans see that the architecture in africa is changing, that is, with the arrival of russia, the balances are changing there, and that is what previously seemed unshakable, the french neocolonial power, it

it steps aside. it's hard to say what will replace it, because the elites, well , really, the african continent is changing very much, there are demographics and other things, the elites are also getting younger, but their old habits remain, in this regard, there is always a risk that these young elites kicked out the french at the same time and the americans who came to hand from... the base in niger, including in order to then launch them, but with a completely different target, in this regard, here we must understand that mm african politics is very complex and multifaceted, and those very regimes with which we are building relationships, they are playing their own game, they are not pursuing our interests, they are pursuing purely their own interests, well

, i think it is worth hearing. yes, vadim frantsevich, and belarus is present in africa, relations are improving, and it is worth talking about the economic component, these data are closed, but i think you know certain figures, the same trade turnover with those countries with which belarus is building enough, we will not talk about serious ones, but long-term, but close relations look,

belarus is coming to africa. not for the first time, appointing a new minister of foreign affairs, the president spoke quite critically about the previous activities, the ministry has played not in the last two years, unfortunately, for a good ten years, in fact, we ignored this direction for various reasons, which we will not talk about now, although the head of state constantly pointed out the need to develop relations with the countries that we are ...

with most african countries, to put it mildly, we have small relations, in a number of positions it is practically absent, however, the latest efforts of the head of state to turn not only to the east, but to the south, since we are talking about the global south. responsible senior officials or simply high-ranking leaders are assigned to the most significant areas, for example, for russia - this is dmitry krutoy, the current head of the administration, for china - first deputy prime minister nikolai snopkov, well, traditionally for africa and part of latin

america, viktor sheiman was responsible for a long time, the embassy works very effectively to promote, first of all, economic interests, we now have such entry points in africa, these are south africa, zimbabwe and equatorial guinea. a very well chosen direction, far, though not all of these countries show high economic indicators, but there are political regimes friendly to us, this must be taken into account the political situation, because if we talk about growth rates, then angola with its oil fields, let's say in the countries of the horn of africa, this is ethiopia, they are developing quite quickly, although in african countries there is such a nuance, the dynamically growing population seems to eat up this economic growth when calculated per capita, but nevertheless, there is money in africa. if you look at the pre- covid indicators of economic growth in a number of countries and even the recovery after covid, well, there the figures are ahead of the world ones by two, there three times, often, that is, these countries are developing dynamically. africa is no longer what our

fugitives imagine. you know, these people who adhere to, supposedly liberal ideology, they should be anti-racists, but they are racists, here is every visit of our president, they barely restrain themselves from completely insulting. russian type will not slide, because what africa, what does africa have to do with it, guys, africa is a promising continent, it is a continent where there are deposits, where there is a great demand for belarusian products, everyone talks about the military industry, not only the military industry, for example, light industry, this is sewing uniforms for the same schoolchildren, these are educational services, by the way, in the last time paid attention to the increased number of guys, students from african countries on the streets of minsk, they are very...

we need to see the political component, this is support in the international arena, when voting in international organizations, opposing sanctions, this is all that makes the african continent very attractive to us, but if you allow me to mention some more small moments from the problems, this is finance, as in latin america, in the same cuba, in many african countries there is no real money, despite the minerals, which is there, in order to quickly pay for our supplies, our services, which they are interested in, how does china operate, is it a tie? very primitive, like a mortgage, you don’t have money for housing, you buy housing with a mortgage, a number of large countries operate approximately the same way, in belarus there is no

such opportunity, i draw attention to the new instruments that have begun to be used, why did the president visit africa from dubai, because the arab countries are ready, in particular the united arab emirates to participate in... we will tell you the details in our story: distant territorial close in spirit: belarus and africa are building bridges of friendship, for effective cooperation, neither distance nor cultural differences will be an obstacle. this was clearly demonstrated by the state visit of the president of belarus to zimbabwe last

year. during the 3-day visit, the parties managed to find new growth points in relations between the countries, outline promising projects , and conclude mutually beneficial contracts. today it is clear how much the strategy for expansion cooperation with the countries of the distant arc turned out to be effective, and its belarusian leader had outlined it long before the current geopolitical storm. belarus is a desirable partner for africa, it will not let you down, will not deceive you and will not leave you with nothing. the west is ready to squeeze everything out of the state. belarus is capable of enriching, not forgetting, of course, about its own benefit. on the african continent , they have long known and appreciated products with the made in belarus brand, and above all, equipment. mtz, gomsilmash have been exporting their tractors and combines to africa since soviet times. and demand for belarusian products is not decreasing. this is confirmed in equatorial guinea, where the head of the belarusian state arrived in december last year. in the city of malaba , the presidents signed a roadmap for the development of cooperation between the republic of belarus. republic of equatorial guinea. in kenya,

which the president of belarus also visited at the end of last year, minsk's attention is also appreciated. the head of the host country warmly welcomed alexander lukashenko. the leaders held talks, discussed economic cooperation, and agreed on need to intensify contacts between belarus and kenya. minsk is interested in seriously strengthening cooperation with nairobi in a wide range of areas, primarily in trade and investment, - noted alexander lukashenko. speaking about his visits.

that the americans never, well, in those cases

when there is such an opportunity, never act directly with their own hands, they always act with others, in this regard they have the french with macron, for whom this topic is precisely the loss of influence in the tropical belt africa is extremely acute, because if macron gives this territory under the influence of the russian... federation and belarus, then they can treat him the way they treated de gaulle in his time, after the dirty war, when he declared that algeria should be given independence, and for macron, inaction now, even covered up by populism, is a real stake in the back, because if france now loses its uranium reserves, where will it get this uranium? all of france's energy will come to a standstill, that's where

in this regard, the americans will definitely set on, well, firstly, all the neocolonialists whom russia and belarus have pushed aside. secondly, there are extremist, terrorist, islamist groups operating there, which are not entirely independent, which have long-standing ties with the american intelligence services, this is the second instrument that can... if necessary, activate the americans in this regard - they are not picky about the means, apparently they will use both. well, let me remind you, the program "sas" is on the air authorized to declare the union state is strengthening in africa". the topic of our program. we continue our discussion, i am glad to welcome in our studio, the russian expert, acting.

this is evident even from the shortage of flights from russia to african countries. what do you think? is moscow's weak involvement of business in interaction with the black continent a mistake? economic ties are indeed lagging behind, i would say that they are not yet reaching their potential. but nevertheless, as they say, moscow is not immediately was built, probably, after such a respite, a big, such a big break lasting almost 30 years, it is not so easy to intensify its presence on the russian continent again, nevertheless, big steps are already being taken in this direction, there are such structures as the russian export center,

for example, the moscow export center, which are engaged in helping russian business somehow find its place in... in the literal sense of the word, yes, on this sunny continent, and this concerns not not only our large russian companies, but also small and medium-sized businesses, which are also interested in promoting their products, then there are such types of services, yes, goods, which, for example, do not require direct flights, direct air traffic, this concerns various it solutions, technology, because russia in africa is considered in many countries, only in the role of such a supplier, exporter of technologies, including for food security, for energy security, here are all those structures that now exist, yes are being created, including new ones, they are engaged in helping to establish contacts, yes , we have had such a very developed institution

of trade missions for quite a long time, since soviet times, now their number will increase, there are agricultural-etache, which are directly involved in... the topic of the agro-industrial complex on the african continent, so i think that in the coming years we will see an increase in commodity investment, yes , trade and investment ties, first of all, this will not happen immediately, but as africans also open up for russian business itself, and trust is growing, because here, indeed , a lot depends on the system, it is important that this strategy, which is used by many... many tncs, including western ones, yes, first of all, squeeze out and run, as they say, in quotes, strategy, we still approach this topic differently, we are set on long-term cooperation, and here there will be such a cumulative effect, that is, the longer our business our companies, yes, are present in africa, the more on one

on the one hand, our confidence in the african continent is growing, that it is a safe environment, yes, if... we cover our bases and insure our risks as much as possible, on the other hand, our african partners and the african consumer are growing confident that russia has come here for the long haul and is going to trade, they are going to invest in the development of african countries, so i think everything will be fine, yes, you know, grab and run is a popular tactic for building relationships between western countries, but my last question is... in the last invested billions in various african countries for decades, but at the same time , no beijing-oriented association of countries emerged on the continent. why hasn't china created its own analogue of the confederation of states in the sahel, as the russian federation managed to do in a short time? you know, i wouldn't say that russia is behind the unification

of the sahel states, this confederation that emerged, yes, at first it was, it was a defense pact, first of all, then plans appeared. to form some political unification, well, in fact, there is such a concept, yes, which is now being promoted by such an africanist in russia as denis dekterev, who claims that there are things, yes, that african states cannot do alone, and for this they need some kind of unification of forces, this is quite consistent with the concept, for example, of ujama, african african socialism, which tanzania once built, yes, the idea that underlies this... it is that what you cannot do alone, you you can do it with the help of your neighbors, we are now seeing the same thing at the regional level, and we see, in general, this is part of a trend, i would say, which affects the countries of the global south and the global east in general, when states unite to solve some specific goals,

maybe even a situational coalition, in this case we see that here the countries are united by a certain common idea about strengthening their own sovereignty. about somehow opposing something to ecovaz, yes, which in in recent years, in general, has proven itself as partially, yes, a proxy for such power in the hands of foreign powers, so here, perhaps, there is nothing surprising in the fact that such states are aimed at strengthening their sovereignty, as if collective, yes, if they cannot do this at the individual national level, well, and ... namely, in order to scale some of their attitudes, their convictions on the african continent, this has always played into his hands, in

many ways, because these were mainly investment cooperation projects, we understand perfectly well that it is thanks to chinese capital that many railways, for example, the routes that now exist, a large number of highways in african countries have been built. including in angola, for example, in the east of the continent in tanzania in kenya, in general it really was such a cooperation, the partnership continues to be it, focused specifically on the economic component. yes, i thank you, maya viktorovna, for participating for your analysis, we continue our discussion, here vadim frantsovich, i think it is worth paying attention to the fact that several weeks ago alexander lukashenko met with the first ice of two states of the african continent, nigeria and zimbabwe.

belarus , if we speak in general, we see that it has come to africa seriously for a long time, nigeria, we have spoken little about it today, it is a very rich country with a very large population with very big internal problems, unfortunately, which the west has been using throughout the history of independent existence, more precisely nigeria, belarus has been present there for a long time, but unfortunately not very actively, and we see systematic work to

build up these efforts, these are not only visits by heads of state, these are ministers, this is the work of first ladies, i would like to draw attention to how the visit of alexander lukashenko or his colleagues to the african continent is being prepared, the advance group is not some protocol group, as we are used to, but there is a whole delegation of ministers working out... there are requests for us to work in the south african republic, a developed, not a poor country, an advanced country, to

what we have in equatorial guinea, nigeria, then kenya in the east, zimbabwe in the south, mozambique, here is the south african republic, where they are waiting for us, there is no need to spread out across all the continents, we do not have the kind of economy that... promising first of all, because there are changes going on there, and colossal shifts, which will not be limited to

the formation of some unions, there will probably be changes in the border, which... were carried out at the time, when the period ended colonialism on a ruler, and then after many, many years it suddenly turned out that there are a huge amount of resources on the territory of africa, and these resources are distributed unfairly by these borders, that is why africa will develop very strongly, now is the ideal moment to enter this continent, well , firstly, on a low base. which practically all the economies of african countries have, by extending a helping hand, this is firstly, and secondly, for our countries first of all for the republic of belarus, reaching such a global scale of foreign policy, this is the level of a state that really takes part in the formation of a multipolar world, but this is also a factor

that puts all our opponents not... ill-wishers in a state of complete uncertainty, because each time with his actions, the actions of alexander grigorievich become unexpected for the collective west. thank you very much, vadim frantsovich, the bet on africa is absolutely correct, and indeed the african continent is currently experiencing a period of growth, serious changes, and those countries that will be next to african peoples at this moment will certainly enter the future. much stronger, and the fact that we do not impose anything on africa, but offer friendship, cooperation, this is the key to our successful development, joint. we are grateful to the participants for the most interesting discussion, we will conclude our discussion with this. probably, few people know that according to researchers, the richest person in the history of mankind was an african, dark-skinned ruler of the medieval state of mali, in west africa, and mansa

musa, and thanks to gold mining and active transit. century, the state of the ruler of mali was at least 400 billion dollars in modern prices. africa is now incredibly rich, it has just been robbed for too long. those whom we are accustomed to consider the golden billion. the beautiful architecture of brussels, london, paris, to no small extent reflect this robbery. and it will be different in the future. and the contribution of belarus to russia in this liberation from the shackles colonial exploitation is hard to overestimate. thank you. it was the saz program authorized to declare. the union state is successfully displacing former european colonizers from africa. again they gassed us, but this time through the ventilation. when everyone passed out, the brides

took off their koge with the emerald. oops, please, come on your vacation, it's good that the feds came, boris mikhailovich, a cold case, you understand, this is a pure cold case, well, they started catching crows in the fall, then salted them like sulfur in barrels, that is, there really is such a dish, yes, in kaliningrad restaurants they still serve it as a signature dish, you are heading to the fish village, yes, as you guessed, the beginning of all the ways.

we will prove that belarusian cuisine is not only potato pancakes. tartar was brought to the territory of the polish-lithuanian commonwealth by a visiting cartographer. he told the europeans about the miracle of the tatar cutlet. the cartographer left long ago, but tartar

took root in belarus. now i will get to the main thing, i would say, the hit of this salad, it is still a roll with dried tomato and curd cheese. let's find out more about historical past of belarusians. the name was. added by rex ruthenia albarum, king of the white ruthenians. thus, in 1217 , the ethnonym of the word belarus was first used in history. let's show what they eat in different parts of our country. in a city that positions itself as the tomato capital of belarus, every cafe simply must have at least a few tomato dishes. everything complements each other here. meat is complemented by vegetables, vegetables are complemented.

i want to say a sincere thank you, thank you for that.