three grandchildren, charlotte,9 and one of the fewfe that's betr

think it is are grandchildren. do you get to spend enough time with them?> no. and i was spoiled during city wy son-in-law mark and our■ up to t house next door to the duration of covid and they d come over in the morning and my then jasper was a seven-month-old toddler. charlotte and aould bust in the house to tell us to stop were going to play. they wrote plays that hillary

an i role played. and it was a great experience in my so i got addicted to with my grd watching their evolution. so by definition. they are busy now and if you haven't already noticed, at some point, things happen that are more important than spendi time with your grandparents and then you have to fit yourself tm happy to been a great■y >> so, mr. president, we have had a lot of interaction over a long period of time. one of the tough t■aféhing for e in january of 1993 was knowing

president of the united states. it's a shock, ias o month older, but i would like to take you back 28 years and this was august 29, 1996. we set forth on a journey to bring our vision to the country, to keep the american dreamve for all who are going to work for it, to make our american community stronger, to keep■0uii america the world's strongest force for peace, freedom and prosperity. do you remember that when you said that? president clinton: yes. >> that was at the conio 1996. and we are so lucky, it was 12

years ago in the exact same room, almost the exact same time that president clinton was here setting a mission and vision for us at this time and the words from that day are probably even more poignant were then. let's look at a couple of clips from you from 12 years ago. president clinton: everybody is younger. ilmo still more open to immigrants and best place for r&d. it's a great mistake to write this. we have to get and back into the future of this business. >> that optimisticr view, do you still share that optimism

today? president clinton: what i said+ was, it is more true today. any time you spend all your time trying tost grievancees or to■ instead of figuring out how to make shared future we all want, i think you are in trouble. and we have been through a period for any number of reasons, the political rewards of grievance-based politics andd being negative have so immense that nobody cod them up. knowing all along, the mainstre,

not just the right-wing media, knowing all along if you didn't give them up, it put our system and our kid and our grandchildren's future in peril. and i basically i think that's at this shabang has come it's not tribalism. we are all triebles. we can't build identities except with reference to other peoplet. and le, y know, we are in the basketball playoffsow one of those teams, you can't be for the other.■] zero-sum game. there is■?■s inclusive tribalisd the big political benefits comes

from tribalism. but it istial, endless disaster because our capacity, if we coopera to solve every challenge we face inclunghave dh wonderful work over the years is unlimited. but we can't do it unless we us to work. we havese differences, but what we have in common and so much more important that we work on that i think is the key question facing not just the united states but so many today. >> so over the years, you have done so many things to build capital of our country pulling us together. and when we lookit from a financial standpoint, t g.d.p. of our country, the gross

national product, which is the largest in the $27 trillion. our debt is around 34 trillion. the total financial assets of our country that you measure financially real estate, is around $139 trillion. butll of these pale in estimated and social capital of a coy that you worked most of your life to build health, education, et cetera and the tribalism you are talking about here is the risk to capital you spent your life building from that stand let's h the first element that a lot of time and that's health

care. most of the people room, mr. president, i don't remember -- they're too young to remember that in 1995, when we tried to said, ok, if that works, we don't need to get it to phase three, get it to cancer patients. there was one it into law fast track for cancer patients, and that was yourself.lause] >> and many of the pe too young to remember, but if you want to know why did we have a vaccine in a year, not in 10 years, we had a march in 1998, a half of million people in washington and around the country came together and they

had been trying for decades to increase the n.i.h.udget. and within two months you signed into the doubling of the that could not be done for two benefits for our society now totals $500 billion. i want to thank you. every single person on the planet has■+ benefited from that decision you made. [applause] >> so through the clinton health access initiative, through others' initiatives, you focused on improving globally. what is the most important lessons you have make us more en creating solutions? president clinton: first of all,

there are problems that you know with the tools at hand, you can solve. then there are problems that you know with ols at hand, you can alleviate and not then there art you don't know how to deal with because there aren't enough medicalre. you have to figure out what kind of issue you are dealing with. when i started on working on aids for example, we made a couple of decisions. first wasn't bill gates and didn't have all the money in thew a lot of people and put together p pr. the first vision is we would not go into a country unless the

government welcomed us but we would not decline to go into ayd with the government. if they were willing to protecth and were they not willing to ask us to do anything that was corrupt, i wouldo anywhere. and i cut a deal with the united states government and george bush was president and everybody followed it, i anything they didn't know what i was doing and they what i was ds it was all we just started workg on ways to tper and better. the first thing we had too was to realize we had a traditional system which has served america and the western world very well of giving a fairly extended

patent for the new medicines because it requires advanced money to develop this medicine and you have to giveeo recover their investment. but in the case of aids, it put us in a terrible position becausther many people who had it around the world and people were9z dying like flies d we needed to do something to speed it■r up. in the middle of this there was anrgument of poor people can be trusted to takehas to be taka day and pharmaceutical companies move out, and all these issues. and nelson mandela and i found ourselves working -- it was ay. he had more than a decade to live then, we had great time, but we were trying to

together a system that would mot laws to be so severe that huge numbers of people would die before we could get any medicine into country a, b or c. and there was an international e just kept trying to work with everybody figuring out ways to do things faster, cheaper, better and we cameon health access initiative. we would way to do things faster, cheaper and after all t,

and half the people on earth■i getting aids medicine get it from contracts we negotiated and 80% of the children on earth get it. and all we did was how to maximize production. we helped generic drug companies in and south africa become■g more efficient. we worked on supply chains but i never dreamed and all we■ were doing is give us more money. and one reason public health hat people know that it has dramatically improved the efficiency. and youad lot to do with that too. and how we make investment decisions. i think it's going to be much

rder because of the challenge with climate change, the overlap of health and climate after yead years public being the adequately f think there is a lot of competion for money and a question about whether this new sort of divisive nationalism is going to undermine a commitment to public health. you keep wondering when quit. and the answer is never. i mean, [applause] president clinton: any way, that's!p■ what i have learned, u can't quit and keep looking for answers and can't do it without

cooperation and cooperation between the private sector and public and civil society would otherwise divide. if you want to save liv, to bece priority. >> mr. president for 31 years at the■4■■ilken institute we put up slides reminding% of all economn be traced t public health and research. and partnership and initiiv youn with president had the most incidents of aids and h.i.v. were subsahara africa. you had countries at one time median 15. a woman had 95% chance of passing aids to their child when it was born and the work you

have done, today that passage o. [applause] >> the children of the world now have aids and we are about to see for the first history the doubling of life e one generation and that partnership, those iniat the wod and we are seeing it today. todl if you have have -- hiv-aids, you take three pills a year to bring it under talked a. let'srom 2012 on the future of ameri 2012.

president clinton: a lot of you got here into these chairs because of your exroorldility, r assistance or whatever. every single one of us had somebody some way that helped a teach esh, or somebody that gave us a summertime or somebody that helped us get or our first job out of school, something. we all had that. >> so talked here a mentor. and one of the other initiative. and so i thought i would put upa one, a person you have just mentioned the stage, nelson mandela. let's see what he had to say on the day he was sworn in as leader of south africa.

thed+ education. education is the most powerful weapon you can use to change the world. few days ago was elon musk and let's say what he said about education. you can learn anything for free. m.i.t. almost has all of its lessons■d starlink improves the people's e world. can you think of ar, a teacher that had to you the eneg boy? president clinton: yeah. -- first of all, my sixth grade governor then.d at 90 and i was

and once a year, she listened■)a body brace. but on the of my career in elementary school, she said i can --ether you are going to becom governor or a permanent prisoner. [laughter] president clinton: and i said dependent on whether you learn when listen and when to talk. but you keepmixed up. so she had a bmpact on me. and i loved her very much. i hadn eighth grade science teacher who taught me the most■# imrt lesson i have ever known.

arkansas teachers were thepp second poorest in the country. so he■d was an ex-coach and they got a r thm guy was really smart. he said, this is the last day of school, you know, five years from now you aren't going to learned in eighth grade science. don't g else, remember this, i guess i should say, he convention neal handsome man and coke-bottle glasses and had■9 a beak nose and he chewed cheap pr and he heavier and

couldn't afford to buy new clothes. and he knew this and his wife wasutiful and sister-in-law who was our history [laughter] president clinton: he sai this has been 63 years. you anything anybody told you 63 years ago. he said you learned in eighth grade science. remember this. every single morning, i and go into mill bathroom and ro my face and myself and i looked in that.ed vernon, beautiful. [laughter] president clinton: every single person wants to believe they ar.

that they matter. if you remember that one thing,, veer bait im, word-for-word, that's what he told me ago. so i think you could say he had an influence on me. it's pretty good advice. how far did you get telling people how ugly they are? [laughter] president clinton: we should■urf children around the world, this, the clinton foundation people, . we spoke about chai, theon health access initiative which

alan schwartz the clinton foundn really had three airyas go to te you'll see them. one of them is really education. when you step back and look at these areas, of education and health equity. today as you know, the■9ountry has changed dramatically in demographics. and only 9.5% or less of americans today that were not born here were born in europe, compared to 75% 60 years ago. so getting our diverse population into clinical trials is important. but how have you looked over the years at education a challenges we've had in education over the let's talk, you've had so many initiatives getting books to kid so they

could read, etc. back, what were most effective in terms od maybe the least effective things you worked on? president clinto first i should say, before i became president, i was governor for that's the longest i ever had a job in my life, until i went to work for my foundation. spent an enormous am of time in the classroom and when i took office, a national expert saidji we had the worst schoolsn the country. we hadl districts in a little state with only 2.5 million people. when i left office, sameuy mostd schools in america were in arkansas and south so i cared about this a lot.

my daughter just gave an award tomentary school principal who she stayed in touch with all this time.is wom. so what learn? i think first of all, it's a stake to any people can't learn. that of the people can learn, well over 90% of what they need to know to triumph in the world. they'll learn more if it'seresting. so you have to really devote a serious amount of time to ma that learning enterprise interesting and worth the time. and i think that's important.

and thirdly, i think that theret made to keep people in school through high school and then■l o make interchangeable t avenues after high school, whether they are■k four-year universities or community colleges or various vocational efforts. so that we can establish a flowing system of lifetime learning that all be able to access. that's what i think is most important. but the most important thing is, not to give n et started. and then the second most important thing -- [applause] is not to let people use economic social and other as ant

to learn. you knothe last thing i'll say,e was more than 20 years ago, way now, when i was a governor and reading ala fascinating study done by the woodrow wilson school at princeton. and they studied all these kids, and this is back when the■r ganl the violence was going on in 1980's, people were feel degree spare. and they studied all who had done well in spite of everything. and i'll never forget, the thing the greatest impression on me was a young black man who was one of four brothers, both of

his parents were his grer took him in. she couldn'tossibly manage them all. and ironically they liveíg in harlem where my office is today. but the -- but this kid was going to college siblings w. so he -- the study found -- they studied this, rich to poor, they somehow all did well.■ and what the guy concluded who did the study was that there so you had to people solved all who are highly at risk, at least

onrs about this young man or woman at a critical point in their lives. and this kid was going to college while&u his three siblis were in prison because when he wasn grade school, he went by this man's newsstand on th streets of new york every day going to and from ol the guy made hi his homework when he came home at went to school that he'd done his homework. e. self-aware, the student was. he said, this guy cared whether i lived or died and my older siblings, they didn't know that. and he said i'm convinced that theyere as smart as me, they'd have done well, if they just had one whether they livid or died. interesting.

[applause]■ mr. milken: mr. president, one of the things yo launched in your education effort, one of the greatest logos, i don't know if you tho else thought of it on your fawndation team, but it was two -- it was too small to fail. as you mightost important period of time in education, the highest rate of return, is-6 the time you're 15e to invest three times as much y the same results, and by the time you're 25, and e you're 30, you have to invest 10 times to get the same and he wonork. at one time, i was the 2,200 eay child care. so

too small to if you -- to fail. i don't know if you create all logos or not but early language, learning from bth almn you go to that site and study it, of children, startind their peers in critical language and you now, million>1 children you p provided books to thei 160,000 parents, now was that ur small to fail? president clinton: no. i wish i could take credit for it. i love it. it's onef my favorite projects. but it came out of work that my daughter, chelsea, leads with

the team of our people who work with preschoolers. but it's been an incredible experience. mean, we -- we haves of partnerships that we work with and try to help but my favorite, i thi, is the coin operated laundry association. think of this. and enormous percentage of lower income parents, they don't have a dryer at home. they have to go to the laundry. and most of f got to drag them along with them. and it's just a lot of dead time. they thought it was excite, they

thought it would improve createa learning center in every laundry. i've got o qua -- in chappaqua, new this has been one of the most exhilarating things we have ever done. and 'v got them in juvenile courts in milwaukee. we've got them all over the country. ali think it really works. it helps a lot of them in effect to make up for lost time early, out. it's a lot easier to do it when they're 3 or 4 thaner. my daughter's -- my daughter and her friendd me.■v mr. milken: we have to get the e coin-based laundry, maybe we can

see it at work and reproduce it. it's interesting. in singapore, the number one exac activity for kids is robotics and coding. coding to make the robots move.y childhood education is like to u talk about the things you have done over the years is create these partnerships. and it's been amazing. one of the ones that was most effective was with the american heart association. and working with schools. 30hildren leading healthier lives. how did heart association team up? president clinton: had a heart . in 2004 i had this -- my heartd

up on me. i avoided a heart attack by the narrowest oft% marns then i went to the hospital, columbia presbyterian, i had a quadruple have an option.razy. i was both saved with and almt killed by the fact that i ran a lot when i was in the white and then afterward. so when i got -- i should have noticed when i couldn't run any distance anymore. but if i get about three quarters of a mile,d stop. walk. everything would be fine. and i'd go run again. and i should have known i had blockage, and dumb me, i didn't. so the nice thing was, i lost a

lot more weight for a lot lessh. i was really trim for my and i nearly killed myself. but afterwards, i wanted to do n contacted me. and i said look, i want to do something but i don't want to make public service announces and all that, something that'll be gone with the wind. at will systematically change wd reduce the.]s, likelih of type i diabetes and its attendant consequences, one of which is a lot of heart attacks and strokes. and that was at the time probably the biggest public health problem young people had in america. type ii diabetes. and it was diabetes and its consequences were time, over 20e

medicaid snding,ha government's program for poor people. it was anyway. we did. and we got all the major soft drink companies, led by pepsi and but a lot of others too, and they -- the joined together and with no tax, no nothing, they agreed, we the justice department, from the antitrust division, seem to be too much collusion, andy helped us set up a program that cut calories going to kids in schls drinks by 90%. %.

without -- literally no laws, no i -- i'll never forget, i said i know you guys have to sell stuff and you have to make money with these vending machines in schools. but if what you're doing g lot e their legs cut off at the k thet a very smarttment. and you may think that's a joke but en■o had katrina hit the gulf coast, i wasçq at an unbelievable housing development in biloxi that had been built b good friend of hillary's and mine, dor hight, who was women until she died on the job at 98, you know, with he but anyway she built

housing unit and they had all ms when katrina came. so they found themselves homeless and in a fight with tht whether it was covered. but the spokespn picked was this beautiful, articulate man er already confined to a wheelchair use she's lost one leg that had been cut off at the knee because of the spread of type iites, which is the kind you get from live, not the kind you're born with. anyway. long winded way of saying, this is a really bigea have to find s like the coiopassociation, you d partners like who came to help usrina, who started helping. and we have to prevent these things from happening. doing this.are -- we c

we have a negative population growth rate. and of people are in categories where the life■p expectancy is not increasing. so if you get to be my age, michael's age, we still have -- we're in a sector that's as hig. but the death rate of americans under 65 has increas'■ since we all know that thethings make sure every person as possible has a fully loaded ar-15, we're killing people at a young age under the guise of their freedom. and so -- which i hate.

but an. [applause] this is out of balance and we have to do something about it. and i think the earlier the better. mr. milken: many people might wonder, where does your energy, peverything come from? it was december 31, 1993.■z year and i'm in las vegas for neyear a barbra streisand concert at the■ m.g.m. and this wasew. and when the concert ends and we're celebrating new year's, there's this woman with more energy than anyone ivver met who is, after the show is over,

she's been there, she'. we're in the dressing room. and shs talking to lawyerie, my wife, and myself. barbra, qus with us. such unbelievable your mother. december 31, 1993. the same woman that went to new orleans, to nursing school, her energy, and one week later, i read she passed away from cancer.■e talk to us a little bit about your relationship with your mom president clinton: well, first of all,■f mother fell in love with barbra strean late in life.

mr. milken: so did my mother, i want you to know. so they became friends at my au and i've got this picture of them walking off the stage, holding hands, from behind. and barbra loved my mother, and she called herk, every week, without fail, until she died. and so, fothe rest of my life, any time somebodyay something negative about her, it's my position -- about being a temp represental -- a temperamental generalus or sething, i said, until you're a temperamental genius you shoul't attack he

because she treated my mother so well. my mother grew up in a fairly poor family in hope, arkansas. she had a tough her father -- my father, her first husband, died in a car wreck before i was born. then my stepfather, whom istingk too much. and he caused a lot of trouble. for her. and she just kept surviving. sh was widowed three times. and she was married four times. and her last husband was a but he -- but i'll never forget seeing her, i was trying to call my mother and the day she died,

the first time i had gotten hern las i said where have you been? she said, son, i'm having a good ti out here to sit by the phone. [laughter] and she knew she was dying. she was a nurse anesthetist. they tried to get her to some -- various kinds ofr had spread from her breast to her bones. and she said no, i t any of this technology or any opportunities i've had a great life, i'm going to ride it out. and so i tried to get her to come to the white house for what i knew would be her only christmas

she said, you know, bill, i'd like to do that but i have got to go to concert. that's my number one priority. now if you can get me home, if you can get me home so i get there, i'll be there. i said mother, i'll take you home. so she her home. we're sitting in on like decembr 27th. and i book about her life. and she knew. by then she was getting two transfusions a day to stay so she looked like a million bucks but she know. i said, what am i going to do ip

u don't finish this book? she looked at me and she said, you're going to finish it, of course. she said, i know you.do not --. so you can't change it. unless you honest, factual mistake. or u too mean to somebody who is st