as. 2 2 2 2 2 humans closer to a chimpanzee and vanishing. pansy is even to a dog a dr. series about our complex relationship with animals watch now on youtube dw documentary. 6 radio telescopes and house to listening to what's going on in space. they search for signals that originate many light years from us. with the health. an international research team has now discovered a new form of gravitational ways. it's, i mean, recent years that we've been able to imagine such waves directly that and coming up on tomorrow today. welcome to the dw science show.

we have detected gravitational waves. we did. it was in february 2016 of the research and succeeded in detecting a gravitational ways, the 1st time produced by something that was long considered impossible. in 2023 research was that the mustang institute for radio astronomy, the chief something no less spectacular. for the 1st time they discovered not showed, but very long gravitational ways to measure them. they needed a device that is larger than this much larger. this forces into many is a research instrument is essentially the size of the milky way. uh, when we look at light source described across the galaxy that are hundreds to thousands of light years away from these light sources that we called pulse are just going to and we try to use our method to register the fluctuations and the distances to these impulse our engine, it puts out and then to it gets to given the size of the milky way compared lots to

a tunnel, several kilometers long, which was low enough to detect the 1st limitation of waves in 2015. this total was compressed and stretched by less than the diameter of an atomic nicholas and the whole process lost it just a few seconds. short rotational waves created when 2 black holes over at each other and finally, much only for a few seconds saw the resulting gravitational waves powerful enough to be registered on this. but back in the 19 ninety's, michelle tom and his colleagues set out to discover a completely different type of gravitational way, the gravitational long way. it was anything but such and that they would find it. but they had a legend re telescope to assist them. the f of book radio telescope in germany's western eiffel region, measuring a 100 meters across its been in operation for decades, updated continually on active and searching for gravitational long waives the

physical therapist by the telescope. and echo sabera just provided the longest, both to set and world wide. and this experiment happens at most if we've been recording data since 1995 and monthly and weekly intervals, and that has never been interrupted now. and so it forms the backbone of this experiment, at least at the european level. if not world wide sites have been shred for the actual stake. radio telescope looks best special stars, cold poll phones that emit radio light waves at regular intervals like a lighthouse for a long reputation, a wave passage between the stalls and the telescope. over many years, the distance between us and the style changes delaying the lightweights. a rifle on it, that's how the long gravitational waves were discovered. that created when 2 super massive black holes will be to each other, the mass is billions of times greater than a sun. the spots in this interview, the black holes that we look at have orbital periods of 10 or 20 years. so in order

to be sure that what you're seeing really is such a system, you have to absorb it for a long time and angular type. we call it detection in slow motion i. e, our signal builds up slowly and becomes more and more significant. all right, and you have to be patient to come and look long enough until you are sufficiently convinced and that the signal you're seeing is really real. that's why when will happen something. now this one is the toughest isn't for you dollars the essence, but i'm kinda is powerful but not sufficient. tony. so, a whole net lists of radio telescopes was organized across here at this network is now listening in on the black coal smooth talk, so to speak. sure, have nice as a medicine, so i like to compare it to a cocktail tardy. and tom is to, so you have couples talking to each other all over the place, the, the white homes. and then there's that general hum of conversation throughout the room and comes in a group is quoting a couple of years ago. and we started hearing something from pa, yeah, now we know that systematic,

we see that there are people talking with the we can't get distinguish all the snippets of conversation stuff by law. it isn't, but hopefully in a few years time will be able to discern some of the conversations and pion come back on a hunch question and things question in addition to the esl spec, telescope is the most important part. if the you are in network studying gravitational weights, similar experiments are underway on other continents. in june 2023, they all and failed the results with a buying the long waves where identified now that being studied we knows that the universe is expanding. but how is that happening? that's one of the questions that the new european space telescope euclid aims to onset launched in july 2023. its task is to create a 3 d map of i'll come from off cape canaveral on july 1st

2023. a textbook launch of a space, x rocket, caring the you could tell the scope into space. the points at which euclid was to begin it's precision measurements was one and a half 1000000 kilometers away. that's 3 times further than the moon. stage separation from the 1.2 ton telescope pieces away from the earth and the sun shield protects it from the heat of the sun's rays. keeping the telescope cool, and protected from bright light helps to obtain sharper images. the primary mirror measures 1.2 meters across and allows euclid to look at galaxies, up to 10000000000 light years away. it will be studying dark matter and dark energy, which influence galaxies under causing the universe to expand ever faster. dark matter is invisible, but can be observed by its gravitational effect on galaxies. you can,

it is very special because this camera will have such as precise accuracy in terms of how we understand the way the camera works is it will actually be able to measure the shape of the galaxy. we know the gravity. i just need to store the sights of galaxies and so will be able to understand how my affects galaxies and expansion. euclid will take several $100000.00 images precisely, mapping out around a 3rd of the cosmos. the t for the telescope looks into space, the further it can see back into the past. so the photos are not only a current snapshot, but also the document how large structures in the universe developed, including galaxies and galaxy clusters, as well as the vast filaments of dark matter that draw them together. their dynamics will provide information about the dark side of the universe. euclid is

tasked with answering 5 questions. how is dark matter distributed throughout the universe? how did the expanding universe evolve over time? what does that tell us about the characteristics of dark energy? has proportions of dark energy changed over time? how did the universe is large scale structures for more than 3 and a half 1000 people from 21 countries are working on the euclid project. the european space agency or essay is over seeing it. the 1400000000 year old mission should give us a better understanding of the universe. the quality of new clips. first images has been impressive. the photos still won't tell us what dark matter actually is. but knowing how it's distributed in space will provide an important basis for further research into what is probably the greatest mystery of the universe. hundreds of scientists now

eagerly await you clicked insights into the cosmos. it will then take years to analyze the data and now of it to you, do you have a science question? send it to us as a video, text or voice mail. if we answer your question on the shows, we'll send a smoke gift as a thank you. this week's question comes from daniel fernando. as in colombia, can you see this dogs when the surface of the moon on a clear night air on is the sky is lifted with countless stones. but if we were in a big city, we only see a few because our surroundings are too bright. it's the same when there's

a full moon on its light out shines everything else if we're in a job paste, on the other hand, we see many stones twinkling. that twinkling is caused by the is up to see when the starlight passes through the atmosphere, it hits names of different temperatures and is diffracted. the moon has no atmosphere. that means nice to the sun shines on him to the surface, illuminating it bright be areas in shadow, remain extreme. the dog, historical footage of minds missions to the moon, show the apollo, asking also against the backdrop of a black sky, a sky without stars. that raise questions about whether the estimate what should really be to them in or whether the whole thing was staged much

later that could be a space proved also showed up black sky. it's simply because the earth and the assistance of the moon is so bright. the cameras couldn't pick up stones just like in the city with most of the stars and no longer visible. in 1972 astra notes on the apollo 16 mission photographs, the earth and this guy from the moon, in ultra violet light. the images are listed with bright, don't saw stars, so they can be seen the mean. and you actually have an unobstructed view of them. just like on the international space station, which floats above the s, it must be it. so for that reason, the stars don't to pay to twinkle like they do down here on the will we always have in us from which we can gaze at the sky,

given the move in 12000 nuclear weapons that still exist worldwide. it's a legitimate question. we haven't even managed to achieve a hope to meet the weapons testing. we can monitor this easily thanks to a worldwide network of measuring stations that register every kind of test we visit one such listening in germany. the facility is located close to germany's border with the check republic and austria. lar serrano from the institute for geosciences and hanover, comes here once a year to do maintenance work station was built in the 1980s to monitor the soviet union, nuclear weapons tests these days. the focus is on countries like north korea and china. this is, this team is indeed deadlock, a x v systems can i don't if i explosions very accurately pinpointing their

location and measuring their strength. wisconsin theme of this thoughtful, that nonsense ex noise is detected and it done a 5 every, an authorized test since 1996. and you can see it in the surroundings very and forest shops like this one conceals sized monitors. opening the chef is strictly forbidden, under normal circumstances, but today these devices are switched off, ready for maintenance. so they're located at a depth of 5 meters on granite rocks where they can detect even the smallest tremors into horizontal directions and vertically messing yeah, within we have 26 sized monitors here. measuring tremors in the earth and the 5 then we saw of an earthquake or explosion occurs somewhere in the world is what it will limit vibrations to. and if those vibrations are strong enough, they'll be picked up here. that the last nuclear weapons tested north korea

released vast amounts of energy just like in an earthquake. the tremors traveled quickly through the earth's core and more slowly along the surface. after just 11 minutes, the alarm sounded here in hanover at the german government's earthquake center. this is where the signals from the measuring stations and the bavarian forest and elsewhere are recorded. the strength of the tremors and their precise location can be pinpointed exactly when the. ready star, because if we had a powerful size my logical event right now, we would see something like what we have here indicating perhaps weaker events. so we have a horizontal line here and what this means that all the stations registered a lot of energy at the same time. it's back to the measuring station and the variance forest state of the art in for sound systems are also located in the surrounding woods. they verify the size make measurements with additional readings

. these instruments are well hidden, so lar serrano has trouble finding them. look upon their so well camouflage. to come on. you can only see the individual measuring points once you're standing right in front of them. 100, some it's vivian. so even we who know where they are, can't just spot them in passing. as each one comprises $96.00 steel tubes lying on the ground and pointing in every conceivable direction, they can detect the smallest changes in air pressure, such as those caused by nuclear weapons test. this is open an eye listen via the using these image. we measure the air pressure at this point here, this, this air pressure say don't then passes through the stainless steel pipe system. and we're measuring low frequency sound here. so that's in for sound waves that humans can here with frequencies of 4 hertz or less. sometimes for up to minutes at

a time and vision for sound waves because they have such a low frequency can travel over a very, very long distances. so tens of thousands of kilometers. the solitude and tranquillity of this border region make it an ideal locations for the measurements . they take place around the clock. underground tests are registered just like earthquakes. seismic events are recorded and analyzed by over 300 such measuring stations worldwide. and it's not i constructed so if an event takes place, we have for 5 or even 10 or 12 of these measuring stations that have picked it up and bail showed the direction it came from. so we can locate where the cross can pinpoint the location precisely no test the. the last underground nuclear weapons test carried out by north korea in 2017 triggered a creek measuring 6.4 on the richter scale. in the past 25 years, only the united states, india,

pakistan and north korea have carried out such tests. in theory, they're banned by an international treaty, but it's never come into force. still lar serrano believes it's important to monitor these activities and make every tests public existence theme. this system makes our world safer food. when placed about it's making a significant contribution towards one day having a world free of nuclear weapons, diabetic. and, and even if you say the cold war, which used to be your motivation to is over, it's of course, still an important color of global security policy. especially in today's world that globe binds the sides pretty take. and it could become even more important if some countries, once again, start testing nuclear weapons. the teacher knows that access to quantum computers is, is as restricted as the trade in weapons. great new materials. this is to ensure

that quantum computers don't fall into the wrong hands because the technology is set to be able to crack all encryption codes worldwide, should it finally function is intended. that's one reason why many countries are investing billions to finance the development of this technology with china leading the way by 2020 to aging, had some $15.00 us dollars into quantum computing. other industrialized nations, our olson investing heavily. but how did these machines actually look? that says loans, quantum computers look more like a launch refrigerated barrel. not exactly spectacular. the secret lies within a quantum computer has to be kept incredibly cold. print superconducting components to work that code quantum date so cubits the show. they need cooling system laser

pulses on control technology. a computer like this will probably never grace and office desk, but it's cubits can do way, mold and conventional. but normally these computers are kept under lock and key. but at ibm research center in switzerland, we get to have a sneak peak at one's name authorization, other k. now. so this is a quantum computer. that's that the moment it's cut, it doesn't have a processor on it right now that you want me to input and then that will be loaded from below. so then is the actual quantum processor of us mix. see what you see here and see what is the refrigerator capable of cooling down to what we call absolute 0 toyota, which is minus 275 degrees celsius. stop and say the seals and foss, new tubing. this helps to shield the processes from outside influences to understand of quantum computers. what you have to do is deep into the world of the smallest particles,

the item. it's the world of quantum mechanics. a strange will nice, disturbing wells. that's fascinating to hear. everything is constantly in motion overlapping on often in several places at once. it's hard to growth quite literally, because as soon as you try to measure something here, the quantum states dissolve. so you focused on how they work. in the past, we only familiar with conventional bids which are electrical circuits with transistors that can either be 041. this digital well can be wired logically. what each circuit is processed in sequence one off to the other very quickly, but always one off to the other. in the quantum computer bits become cubits. they can be manipulated via microwave or laser pulses, thus described many most states of and just one or see right. in the

so called superposition, a cubit and can be one, i'm 0. but the same time an old states between the it's rather like a spinning coins. as long as it's spinning the decision is open only when you measure this the cubic choose 1. 1 of the 2 conventional states, on example, will help illustrate what this means. in practice, a computer resolves to find the most direct cost in a complex system. a conventional computer works to old possible pulse, one of to the other. the more complex the task, the longer it takes, a quantum computer with its connective cubits, can try out all the possible path symbols heinously, and still find the best route much more quickly. but it says i can the so now you've learned about 2 important properties for quantum computer, technically

a 1st to superposition law. so you can be in 2 states at the same time on policy. but the other thing is with it. and if you have more cubits, and this leads to an extreme increase in the number of possibilities that you can look at simultaneously, i'm going to stick long. this is called quantum parallelism going to be on. and that makes the quantum computer is very powerful and very fast. i'm off this now had asked me the possibilities of this quantum parallelism iris standing. so one cubic in stupid position can describe 2 states simultaneously. a 0 on a one with 2 cubits that increases to full state the combinations 0 and 00110 on 11. each additional cubic doubles the number of possible civil, tiny states. so with 3 cubits the 8 combinations. with full

it's 16. it increases exponentially. a system with 10 cubits can already make use of 1024 states. symbols heinously with 20 cubits. that number rises to over 1000000 with 33 cubits. you could execute operations on most states, and they're all people on this. with a $166.00 cubits, it's more than all the items on s, on with the $279.00 cubits. you could work symbols, heinously. what about as many states as a result to be items in the entire universe? 971 step to invite intel in an unimaginable number with a 27 digits. so quantum have a lot of them, makes extremely complex computing possible, but will cause quantum computers best be useful stuff i'm good or a specialist in quantum algorithms says that's suitable for highly complex

simulations with almost. and this possibilities by speed of the examples could include carbon seaquest ration. so is this extends to the development of synthetic fuels for state. we don't know how to make the more energy efficient telecommunication. so the examples often relate to energy efficiency. again, this kind of that concludes the development of new catalysts, or a better understanding of chemical processes and no other examples include the development of new drugs that worked better. i mean, you can have a more targeted effect and fewer side effects. for example, in the long term, that's a possible application that could have a huge impact on society for this claim. and i was off because i talk to them come taking the example of medicine. imagine every person receiving their own personal medication tailored to the illness and to them. quantum computers could calculate what that would need to look like. for agriculture, quantum computers could make farming green a by helping to optimize the production of ammonia making the production of

fertilizer more sustainable and, and it just sticks. initial experiments are already underway and extremely busy poles. at los angeles. quantum like systems have optimize the handling of containments. that's helping to save a lot of money on results is so phone one to computers austin and their infancy. but the potential is huge. we're mad about science technology that's like dw signs is now on take talk. what do be funny? why do gravitational ways that that when did people begin getting high and laughing gas out? the drums boogie to the beads. and what's the pass that the kids football find?

find the on says, gets most c w science. oh, new tick, tock, channel and that's it for today. thanks for watching tomorrow or to date. the dw signs to see you next time the, the, the

one woman standing up peterson mohammed is in a ronnie in human rights activists. and she's risking her life in prison to tell us her story. nobel peace prize recipient in august mohammed de, one of the bravest women in the world, close out in 15 minutes and d, w. shift your guides to life and attention to

explore the latest online trend, navigate your way through the digital jungle global perspective. we'll see you guys and show you what's possible. you decide what really message to you. it's in 45 minutes on the w, the invite. and listening place of the mediterranean sea far up to coming to us next during martin lodge style submitted to a meeting p q and go through the mediterranean shani

this week on dw, the monumental structures of the stone age of milestones in the history of mankind . some of its greatest needs, megabytes or monumental stone arrangements that people are arrested long before the pyramid, technical, and logistical feat that simple as the impossible, interesting bodies here, the stones tell the story of a power for revolution. what exactly happened as a 10000 years ago is sign in life, somebody in the months left by our ancestors, the secrets of the stone age. december 22nd on the w and the

this is the w news lies from the left and the critical you employment talks on the verge of the a stand off by the what to do about fossil fuel blocks. a deal and comp 28 negotiations have gone into over time as delegates try to avoid working away with allison agreement to limit the low voltage. also coming up a liberal lead to a pretense pallet and pilot, promising stronger ties to the tunnel to.