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flight time. i chose to reach or power points, a normal dad's tooth to swap the off. thanks for the necessary and spend time with that challenge. right. but what happens demand jr in pregnancy and the 1st year so that they'd be slice in this film. we discovered what science nice about that. we know that mile hormones drop off during child support. brain changes ask, do you become a father? was wonderful about the fault child relationship? is it gods are different. so to parents, we spend time with the younger. i've experienced how being a father changes them is even though i still have of wilmington, know that i'm going to be a father in a few minutes. i can't wait to see what it's like to look after 2 children at the same time. i'm getting starting to see when she likes to call and when she learned to quench assessor 1st words. i mean,

that's awesome. the, the, the gen, the alexander could and his wife and live in the mix of districts. so that will be 3 of the and they're expecting that 1st child in 6 weeks it's been all through that. i'm excited to touch. it's thrilling that we don't know what will happen. know how everything is going to develop here to do so there's a lot of anticipation, look and of course, some trepidations and it's a mixture of feeling and it's august. i'm just, i'm causing the problem has the right

everything revolves around the bus. and what is going to happen? the me gets quarter inch, i just offer, i'm fine when i for leslie do is to get done, but of course i to worry about things that and 40 maybe i'll be university giving electra if you do it. and then i have to somehow get through bone and traffic and to get to the 10 and i will allow me to get that with the audio. will someone be there to help? i get to the hospital, i can always come. so these are the things that i'm thinking about. it doesn't give me time and we're just not thinking, i wouldn't say i'm good. the most important thing is for the baby to ton because he's still in breach position via with his legs down as an invite in the holding onto a c tons. then i'd be super happy in terms of a natural, but that's what i'm hoping for this insurance for the main thing is that he's healthy. come to this one. so that

as to what's about the man who takes care of his well b and what happens to him during pregnancy. bookings here in england, dr. animation lives with a family and dogs just outside on stage. the evolutionary anthropologist has been researching fatherhood for years. i talked to the university, she conducted a large study and wrote a book about that's the trigger was the dramatic but of her 1st daughter, my husband witnessed what was basically a call crash happening in front of him when we were given birth. he thought he was going to lose both of us and we both came quite place to death. i'm off the woods. i was offered lots of counseling today with my tool, but from this stuff i'm actually,

i didn't really need it because i was unconscious. so hadn't seen anything, he had witnessed everything and they offered him nothing. so when i went back to what i thought i went to find out who a human software is and i want to talk about the positive story of human fatherhood . as an evolution anthropologist, i understand how read human solve is it is we don't need to have the i, the has it, i didn't want to fox and i really genuinely do believe fatherhood begins and pregnancy. i think we have this idea that followed as of right and they all physically distance obviously from the presence of having a baby they don't having that, that immense physical closeness of them. others happening. but we know the fathers do, in fact, start to bones with that baby before the baby is born. professor chi, booting a gynecologist from hamburg, also things to fatherhood begins during pregnancy. the best buy that i can have sold the fact that something is growing inside your

cabinet that belongs to both of you is really peculiar and that you can do an ultrasound and make it visible is perhaps is even more difficult for minutes because now they can see that there really is something this of us. we may go through major whole. no, no changes during pregnancy, surprisingly meant to the instance on the to, i mean this poor like team is, does meet particularly interesting is prolactin with the whole mind. that's responsible for like patient and shy. it sounds a bit funny to say that these hormone increases in man, but it does a mock prolactin down regulates the mechanism that controls male hormones. and i suspect that this is also the reason why testosterone levels drop in men during pregnancy, and especially off the bus would on this enables men to concentrate on their families and as it yes, my will feel familiar. concepcion, the mass fonts on the

south of paris and frauds. it's the beginning of april, the new domain guys and his bound. margot would be bad. i've just moved here. so they're expecting the 2nd baby in 2 months because i'm not nervous, so i'm looking forward to seeing what it's like to look after 2 children at the same time in the adults at home is taking a map of the time to organize the client. so then you may be a new nose knows whether it will be a boy or a go. i don't want to know, i'll find out a thread on a new false that'll pull the main concern is but it's healthy, but i can't wait 9 months without knowing it sex. it's too long. it's impossible

for them to keep up with you. but let me know thanks. he heard out a cry. it's time to wake up the one and a half year old. anyway. otherwise, she won't fall asleep at night. it's a weekend. the only chance been, you know, just spend time with this family. during the week. he works long hours and tries to juggle work and family life surcharge is much small. it's changed my life model,

i have less time for myself. and that's pleasure because it takes up a lot of our time to look into it. i feel that we're lucky because we find how easy to deal with it and it, because she's quite pleasant to live with. it's never been asked. it's quite tiring for a table for the, for the machine to produce a city see china and just to try and have time to look off to my child because i work from monday to friday like everyone else. uh, do you know the weekend is not enough? i would love to spend time from monday to sunday with my child the most of the

mobile home. mambo 2nd pregnancy is going smoothly. but still it won't be too much without a husband. sure, i wouldn't be able to do it without and i'm really glad that i have central since it gives me a break now. and that was the don't fit community law before but so the weekend was fun to show us the light and benevolence. ma'am documents is a professor of family studies at lightning university to focus fathers. in research on parenting, it's too often that we say that we do a study on parents where it's actually the study of mothering and on the farthest

throw. so that's why i think it's good to bring some balance in the fields and to pay more attention to the fathers, especially in the transition to other to marry him back and then start is the 1st 1000 days of dad's. for example, she conducts ultrasound video feedback sessions between week 21 and 30 of the pregnancy. so you ask spa this to interact with the unborn babies. for example, by reading the book that the 100 fathers took part in this study, a little additional lot of them i'm vision both vision, both my staff, if it was okay if i use for the interim, or if it's a show more and you have to show feel we use the saw that the opportunity to interact with the infant that's never been done before. and doing so,

we provide the father we see of paternity to take the perspective of to see to some of the newborn that this is a human being with a mind or if its own, who needs to follow this tension and protection. we know that fathers liked to be more involved. fathers who are more involved during pregnancy are also more involved after the birth of the baby after the session. each father gets a video showing how the baby react, say to the baby, recognizes the forces of its mother. and if it's father, as you can see that from the, the heart beat increase when, when she or he, he is the father of the mother, talked to them. and they also touched the, the role of the uterus longer when they're started from the outside. and that's really what you saw here too. when the father did some massage of the abdomen of the mother we saw under the baby raised her hand and sort of made contact with what

was happening outside the backend. the preparing for the baby puts extra stress on alexander cuts it because his job, he's quite demanding a series of it doesn't mean that to me, that was that. and it's been introduced to listen to all the time. an aerospace engineer and that job has to pups to it. one challenges that i'm the chief engineer of my own company, which i found it together was a friends 2 and a half years ago and had the other fault and southern working as a university like trophies under the riley beeps, the office before 7 pm is matt it's nice, it's funny, it's more than a job to to, it's my 1st baby i invest a lot of time and i have a certain responsibility towards my employees, but it's what's my company spectrum. i am really passionate about my job. but today

alexandra finishes study because his wife is due for a checkup at the university clinic. kind of now there's no single minute has nothing wrapped around the neck that's important to us to cope. there's the head to the bottom, his current case still down at 33 weeks. we can try to turn it from the outside, but we'll talk about that in 3 and a half weeks. sometimes they turn on their own so if it's, if the video turning into externally doesn't, well, then there are 2 options. you can decide to have a vaginal breach. but i think about admittedly many women choose as a zachary and section then because it's deemed safe for the child. on the non, for fun. the other hand, we all hesitant about just as that reinspection is specially if it is not

absolutely necessary. because as a zachary and section can be a burden for subsequent pregnancy, and so on, a lot of the lessons icon. as for me, it was only the 2nd time that i was present to the ultrasound examination time. it was really grinding customer. on the other hand, when i'm gonna have to worry that the child is still in breach position, you can see that's on the video grades of the notes here. in germany, the average age of 1st time dancer bus is 33 years. having signed the contract is 36 years old. those people mute, that's always on my mind. will i be too old at some point as my wants to play football with my child to be an active father? i hope that i stay healthy and can provide my child with as many opportunities as possible but at least the phone is age, really impulsive. but the child,

the, wendy, it's nothing unique design visa can for this, if you look at the genetic risk for the on bone, all the new bone. it is indeed the case that older fathers are responsible for some congenital malformation. so a syndrome little moment to find what they send a sent me. so there aren't that many, but this has been proven for us such an skeletal displays. yeah. that just because the bus resides with, for example, a come drug plays. yeah. yes. be of interest, in this case, the father's age is important and but on the whole, it's a fact that the mother's age plays a much greater wrong idea than what kind of daughters because of all are skewed the tab suite. south of still kind of popular with young families. the

monthly aspire is 35 years old. he and his wife, jo. honda have 2 children. he has very positive memory, so the bad thing 20192021 says they're so really amazing. because when like 5 minutes before the citizens in the room are on its way out and then suddenly it's in your hands and you've been waiting for it for 9 months. it's amazing. but also crazy. you have this little person that knows how to be the 1st thing it does. the 1st one was actively started, so that took a long time. i think we were at the hospital for 36 hours or so. and i was present during, during birth, giving as much support this i could, which is not a lot as

a matter of. and the 2nd child was a little faster hamburg germany, professor kind of booting wants to know what happens to men during job as part of the study. the 5 is what the thing with negatively affected by it. so by time that almost as shown, you turned out that many man had prepared themselves well for the event. i would say that around 80 to 90 percent failed positive about that. and then there was a smaller proportion about 10 percent who were worried about problems of the of us, and also people deem it to have in europe around 85 percent of dads that present during this however, isn't always possible. for example, during an emergency suzanne infection that, that these teeth, nothing can go wrong. i think it's too stressful for a family member. and that's why we take the fathers out to these emergency situations. these notes have to talk to on the face of the us. he's a c and

a half hours by the 20th of april 7 i and i knew a coach as was is it broke the babies did in breach position and could not be turned on yet. and alexander wanted to have a plan since every session next week. but now things have changed out. exam dakota is allowed to be present at beth a physicist using all sorts of cost is this huge emotional feeling that comes out of you because now you know, okay, you're going to be a father and a few minutes to him. and that's something completely different. it's a situation that you've simulated or mentioned before, even that have been confronted with the real thing. on the

uh, the delivery went wow. but now something seems to be wrong.

the, the pediatricians get the all clear. the baby is fine. allies and just that 1st screen that moment, that 1st scream wow, that's crazy. the beautiful is governance and truck moment. i see if i'm, you know, there was

a step of mine and to show when the midwife taken away, when i noticed that he didn't read for a moment. i wasn't feeling so great then went to that point. i just wanted to come on you down from when i came back and from then on. everything was great and novelty screaming, and the music fluid is coming out. everything is great. positive. it's crazy. it was pure emotion was it was crazy, was hoping to ag, crazy that you'll now in this well, 3, it's up to that just the system. i'm fine. i'm a bit confused and i'm starting to feel the pain. most of them that i'm super happy . you come to describe this feelings for 6 pounds and 20 inches, a delicate but healthy boy. ignite's constancy is full of may. but his parents just called him a unique moment psychologically physically,

a new or logically, a woman's, but also a man's. the change is during the month, is this, what are the woods? would us those qualities, we're not to look too good with an unexpected, has been transferred to a 2 and a german labor mens. cortisol levels naturally increase toward the book, which is a stressful situation. understandably to studies show that mild testosterone levels decrease off the bus, which leads to low a testosterone in the blood by the door to test. the may not mean you got to cease is probably and reducing stress. mutating the ability to build a nest and achieve calmness, we got the other teams or dropping tests during the cuts in new fall. this folding book is significant. it can be up to a set of that test. so strange like 33 percent of the test will stray, will drop. generally the levels of test so starting never returned to pre both levels. so pre fold hood levels as long as the father remains in contact in some way with that child back to france,

their phones on the 2 and a half weeks ago. new know dominguez, a mugger or the bad became parents for the 2nd time a go celeste? the level of moist? nope, i see it's down to the bath, went well and, but it was a bit stressful. very different to the 1st time we left late. but the maternity ward and we arrived just in time. the bus lost it just pop in our small, ideally 30 minutes and then it was all over a flood last postpone and introduce any sort of a and totally different feeling that the 1st time it took a day to now it went really fast. it was completely different to evaluate the commitment at all to fiscal thoughtful. i'm super happy. so yes, really totally different than the 1st time actually profit to see,

i feel better and i feel less tired issue and i'm so happy to finally have my 2nd baby, the button. also 5. this have emotional high mind. you can also suffer from post natal depression. overall, the jo pin test will strike following but is a good thing because it's really important for priming that the jump intestinal storage also increases the advocacy of documented ox tyson on the brain, which means increases. there's nobody pointing chemicals. the downside is holly test, still straight is preventative against depression. so if we say a tool contest, so strange. unfortunately, it does increase the likelihood the child to the mind, well, experience depression. there are other factors that come in to share that. so just start your loan generally doesn't quotes, depression. cambridge english child psychiatrist, professor pull run chum dining works at the university of cambridge.

one of these main areas of research is the mental health of parents. especially fathers, in studies across the world for too much is fairly, can fairly consistent with somewhere between one and 20, maybe even up to one in 10 dots are affected by high levels of depression. but at this time, there was a range of causes for why people get depressed at any time. and then for thing, he doesn't care about dads, if new baby, so you've got a disruption to family likes, you go to sleep stuff and switch the big challenge. and you go to the new dads trying to chuckle now, how do i do my job with how do i to contribute to looking after his baby? so it's a huge the i for looks error, i think but most fathers did not get depressed. on the contrary, many enjoyed being at, at the,

in sweden by 2 spies on parental these bodies. why flex piece of time with his daughter straight? who is 9 months old? the 3 year old? oh, last is the daycare at the moment. i love it. i mean, i've been home for 3 months now and it's really it's, it really is a but it's also mean you starting to get the routine of the day. so you're doing this at the same thing in you see what works and what doesn't work. martinez wants to take 10 months parental leave. astrid will start going into the daycare center when she's one and a half years old.

so this is what makes it all worth it. i mean for me now i'm, i'm getting so starting to see when she learns to call when she learned to quench assessor 1st words. i mean that's, that's awesome. and i don't think when you come like i ended up that and someone else, what would you do differently? it's not i would have spent more days office. that's not what you're saying. so yeah, definitely with the the 3 pm. but so yes, picks up a lot from daycare, looking up that these kids is a full time job. it is a different life, but i also mean i used to pay a lot of goals. i don't anymore,

which is natural limits. okay. but it has changed that made me more reflective of who i am. i think i, i think about to how i present things, how i explain things, how i act. and in order to be a to be a good example for them. things like living in the moment. this is actually kind of impressive with kids because you know, if he passed, oh, good, good times. we pass them by times with us. so you have to remember that everything goes in in cycles basically. so i think you're more appreciative of, of the good type the, you know, kind of comes home from work in the evening. then she takes over the children

don't think like the gender or mother father. perspective changed how we divided the for us possibilities and so on. it's more perhaps like who, who is in what stage of their career, who has to prioritize work right now and different that deal with that role in different ways. now research is up started for the 1st time. what happens to dance brains during this process? kind of age, israel for years. your own biologist, professor ruth found this been researching the behavior of fathers and mothers in relation to that children cheaper that he says don't more is going on. my dad's the most of us think the fatherhood depends on how much you invest in care giving,

you know, pick up your sleeve and takes care of the baby. but father, who the biology follows the behavior. so the more you do, the more plus the sit that you want to get in your brain, the more your brain will reorganize around. that attachment bond to prove these boots feldman conducted several studies. in one experiments, she measured the levels of the bone, the whole 9 oxy types in fathers and mothers, 6 months after that, but the child and we saw that oxy towson in mothers and fathers were similar. and this was very surprising because research has always believed that mothers are biologically prepared to care for infants that really shows that it's not exactly so maybe the past way to maternal care. and the pathway to turn on

care are somewhat different, but the fathers have it within them biologically to care. for instance, a small groups phelman went a step further. i've looked at the brains of heterosexual and homosexual fathers. 2 and compare them to the brains of mothers. for years, what we saw in the brain is the feet and higher attachment network activated to infant stimuli in old parents. whether it's men or women, primary caregiver, secondary caregiver, biological parents, and adoptive parents, we had to surprises. one is that the a mixed delay activates and mothers, 5 times more then and fathers. so mothers are those who are highly vigilant to infant safety. make their lives a very n, shouldn't a structure. it's deep in the brain. it's an automatically functioning system that

tells us what changes can happen in the environment that could be potentially. but there is something interesting happening in father springs. route feldman found that the brain region cold cell because temporarily superior sds for shows is much more active in fathers and mothers. this is the area this enables parents to understand the non verbal signals of the babies. as we solve this, there are 2 pathways to pair with the one that is more evolutionary entrant. you see it's an old mammals and that makes mothers very, very vigilant infant safety and one that is more of a lucian early re sent n. his court to cold and it comes by getting to know your infant and learning his or her sickness. and that's a big surprise with the results of the brain scans of homosexual fathers. gay fathers who are both primary caregivers have the same s,

the s the terms of father. they also have very high activation of the i think the last a since the a make their lives activated by the hormones of pregnancy and childbirth. we did these fathers get such a high a mic, the la activation, when the father alone takes care of the baby, the more he's, the turnip pathway will recruit the maternal pathway and his a make the law will increase in activation. so actually what we see here is that the patrol a pathway depends on active care giving. we're as mothers get it for free. so fathers should spend as much time as possible with children live, my ts e can do. so thanks to the swedish welfare system. i don't get a 100 percent. there's different levels of setups in sweden. so there's

a minimum level that you get from, from the states depending on what you earn. and then a lot of companies have additional financial support for people on, on maternity or potentially as well. i get that additionally, a financial support, the visits to an open day care group. it's free of charge and hugely popular with fathers on parental leave. the

around 80 percent of fathers in sweden tank parental leave. with my part kid, i was in front of me for 6 months with my 2nd several homes and i was this is the 3rd time and so i will take a longer one. so i've been looking into taking my wife to another country for work, but then we got pregnant and then after that i didn't want to move because we missed the best country in the world to be have kids, university of cambridge, the professor pay or i'm from dani analyzers, how far this play with a young children. he has conducted several studies on this in their studies, we were able to go to parent times when they had babies at 3 months old and then follow them up at one and 2 years old. and they were few different findings from

that, but i guess one of the key ones was that my father's had a gay where he was being more engaged in play. so the higher level of engagement in play with a very young children, 3 months old, those children when they got to one and see the type of space or outcomes in terms of that cognitive development and that behavioral development. so it's something again, in those early interaction seems quite important. that sounds like a good he also analyzes where the fathers play differently from others. so, so far it's just like a fight and we'll try to reach the sucks. the okay, i'm just, i'm just taking a look if i want to. okay, there's a lot of overlap between mums and dads, there's no light pads or even here mums over here, there's a huge amount of all that but, but on average, that's the more physical play. and that kind of rough and tumble play that soft wrestling game and other games like that. which yeah. you know,

i'm one of the things that you see and you see it in the rough and tumble play. i think really quite nicely. is that children have to learn quite a lot about regulating their emotions and regulating themselves when they're doing reference symbols. so they learn, oh, if i hit too hard, that can hurt my parent and they get feedback on that in a safe, usually in a safe environment. that you use putting on wait every day. alexander could say it slowly but surely getting into the routine of things. he's back at work, but tries to help wherever you can guess on yesterday i was lucky enough to spend half a day with the my office phone. i mean was that the gynecologist i've been to so i took the train home with him alone for the 1st time to find that that was really cool. and just walking around with the front door that was fun such as possible associated fire

the nights the show, it's very shows a fence thing up. i think i see 5 things. the defeats the highest on the sleep off an hour. then you wake up against the fall from now, then wake up again. that's a super anyone who says, that's great, that's no problem. it's time to leave that note. i think it's normal that it jungles. you'll not beams pull yourself together or if you manage it as a team, i much and i think that c minus the support most alexander will soon be working full time. is the professor implants to take 3 months, a parental lead during half to phone, some of the new no longer enjoy the summer as a family of full. so that's to stay at home for the 1st 6 months, and then go to the nursery. the dresser controlled its best and does info. i'm

happy to be a father for the 2nd time. i was an only child and i didn't enjoy being alone. so i didn't want to have just one child. i mean, now we have to and i'm very happy, most efficient. and i don't know if they'll be a 3rd one, they'll know twice the m 35 degrees, each waving suite a a spends the summit with his family in the summer house outside stuff. he's already completed 7 months of parental last 3 months. so the headphones i'm heading back in early october and it snow let do. and i think that would be that would be great. i think a couple of more months in me, but then i think you moved the intellectuals challenge of, of working and just taking care of the logistics in 3 months. but the children will

go to take it to us and these mindful work full time a. busy busy hello, this is changed in recent decades. older models still do most of the child care. fathers becoming more involved fathers and not this. my son does, they're actually very painful. so i think 1st of all, we have to get that message out and start changing that culture about importance and relevance. secondly, obviously always comes back to governments. it goes back to governments taking that on board on understanding the importance of fathers and actually putting in place legislation that is fit for purpose that she allows people to take up that parenting role. scientific studies show men change basically psychologically

when they become fathers and they have a decisive influence on the developments of bad children. it is looking at a nice, puzzled it's going on. now if you take the role of her father seriously, and with commitment into an investment, then your brain will change and your homeowners will change and your behavior will change. but if you don't, and you've spent 20 hours in the office, it's not like mothers that their body changes because of pregnancy and childbirth. it won't happen. parenthood will pass you by more than the ones to be actively involved. 5 is because in the end it's not that need the kids to benefit but also that, that the

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