to carbon neutral energy, new medicines to treat cancer are covered and foldable screens thanks to quantum computers. these could be innovations of the future. for years, scientists have been confident that these processors will be the next big tech revolution. but how far have developers really come, and what can we gain quantum computers? that's our topic today on shift the quantum computers won't be replacing our laptops or smartphones, but apart from developing new medicines and materials, i think one aspect is especially interesting. quantum computers can perform complex simulations, like predicting extreme weather very accurately across the globe. developers are trying to create computers with the highest amount of cubits a cubit. as the most basic unit of quantum computing. the more to bits or computer has the more information it can process. many companies like ibm and google are

competing to develop the most advanced quantum computer. google's quantum computer recently simulated a warm hole, the holy grail and physics. so what are they doing in these quantum laps after sending countless e mails? we were finally able to visit the google quantum a. i live in santa barbara in the us. an incredible experience outside the sun is shining inside the left. some areas have temperatures of minus $273.00 degrees celsius. the lab is run by german scientist happened with navy, widely recognized as a pioneer in quantum computing. this somewhat remarkable building is where a hot was needed once to revolutionize the tech world. it's located on a separate high security part of the university campus in santa barbara, california. here the german scientist and head of google's quantum and i lab is working in a process with that could solve all the problems is

a classic computer can. let's start with what a thing many. what degree is the most pressing problem of all kinds that this climate change would be marvelous to have a know fusion reactor. now, nuclear fusion reaction is when 2 nuclei which i'm most positive feet charged, come close enough together. so that they snap together on form it and you know, players and that in some energy is released. some scientists hope that this could help reduce greenhouse gas emissions. unlike traditional power plants, nuclear fusion does not release any carbon dioxide but um those 2 positive charge. okay, yeah, they don't want to come close together as like as kits. we know when we have 2 magnets and that also same polarity. they don't want to come close together. so this process to properly model that i'm going to make kind of gloss required. so it

stands to reasons that credit and process so would help us and hastens the design of, you know, fusion reactor when quantum computers were still just a theoretical concept, hartwick need and already believed in their potential. and his passion has convinced others after his doctor it he does research at one of the most renowned universities in the usa, navy and co founded 2 companies developing facial recognition technology. one of those companies was acquired by google and lead the foundation for google glasses. glasses with an integrated computer in 201300, nathan started working on the quantum a lab for google. i have spent many years in the field of computer vision and machine learning to train the machine learning system

to train in your network, for example, to recognize objects in an image. you have to solve the type of problems that's known as an optimization problem. and it has been proven analytically set front of the process of consult these problems. more efficiency. when the company intel presented the 1st quantum chip with $49.00 cubits with much fanfare in las vegas in 2019 leaving announced and a small block entry that his team had already built a chip with 72 cubits. shortly thereafter, he cleaned it to have proven the functionality of the google quantum computer 200 seconds for a computational task that would take 10000 years on a super computer. ibm and many others are doubtful. hardwood nathan is a leading scientist in quantum physics. but that doesn't change the fact that it

will take years until a workable quantum computer will have been developed. quantum computers can compute very quickly, but there aren't many practical ways to use them yet. they're also prone to errors and programming and production is very complex. quantum electronics engineering marissa just do not explains what these computers could mean for the future. quantum computers won't replace laptops or pcs, but they will assist them. you probably won't see it much in your day to day life. so quantum computer is not a replacement for a regular computer, it's more of an assistance to the regular computer. i think a transportation analogy when humans were wanting to travel to the moon, it is clear that you're in need a rocket. you need some kind of technology that's different from what we use to get around on the ground. now we have this technology is it does not change the way you go to the grocery store. so similarly, having

a quantum computer will not likely change the way you do your day to day activities, but it will be a research tool that allows for that possibly revolutionary changes in, for example, materials development or pharmaceutical development. so the way you would experience it more would be kind of the 2nd level effect medicine. so could become more efficient and affordable thanks to quantum computers. they can simulate molecular structures in a matter of seconds. and to calculate the combination of active ingredients, which could replace, testing them and laboratories. this would enable pharmaceutical companies to develop and release medicines much faster. we can also benefit from quantum computers when it comes to traffic. the quantum computers are able to process very large amounts of data in seconds. they could calculate routes, taking traffic lights and speed limits into account keeping traffic flowing. future

quantum computers will be good at testing many different scenarios to find the best one. why are they more efficient at this then so called super computers? well, they use the roles of quantum mechanics which apply to microcosmic processes. the principle of quantum mechanics suggest that particles can exist in 2 separate locations at once, having the value of 0 and $1.00. so i'm so complicated, check this out, laptops, calculators, or smartphones. they all use the information unit bit which can appear as either one or 0 quantum computers and use a lot of quantum physics instead and work with quantum bits or cubits. rather than switching between 0 and $1.00 cube, it's can be both simultaneously or appear as something in between.

this principle is called superposition and can be explained by using coins to represent one bit heads or tails. need to be on top. it's clear one or 0 to represent a cubit to the coin rotates rather than being limited to either being heads or tails. the coin is both quantum computers can calculate simultaneously where conventional computers calculates the culturally. this makes quantum processors fast and efficient. more cubits mean more computing power. this computing power rises exponentially according to the number of possible states. one cubic can take on 2 values simultaneously to keep it can take on 4 and 22 bits can take on more than 1000000. quantum supremacy and tech circles, that's what they call the point in time. when quantum computers will have overtaken super computers, scientists around the world are competing to create chips with the highest amount

of cubits. the technological challenges are huge. so far, google's quantum computers only work and lab conditions and extremely cold temperatures and isolated from the environment. quantum electronics engineer marissa justina, is responsible for creating ideal conditions for the cubits at quantum a i lab. so this hardware actually is just a refrigerator and it's a warm is that the top and it gets colder as you go down, people often show pictures of some system that looks like this. and then go look at that big quantum computer. actually, the only thing that's quantum in there is the small silicon chip which is down inside some layers of packaging in here. the quantum chip is just as big as a finger. now, it sits at the bottom of this nearly 2 meter long construction of cables, metal sheets, and conductors. marissa justine is responsibility is to make sure that everything is connected properly. she runs the so called device package of gene

in order to show that the content effects it has to be operated as very cold, dark environment for colder than the outer space. and then we have to be able to send signals from room temperature electronics all the way into the christ out to reach the processor, interact with the coin and processor. and then the signals have to come out again. and i'm responsible for getting that processor to be in good environment where the cubits can operate at their potential welding the technology onto the chip requires clinical precision. and building quantum computers has more challenges. since they use different laws than normal computers, they are also extremely difficult to program. how do we control the control signals that we send in? how do we make sense of the measurement signals we get out and use them? there are a number of different technology areas that we need to develop,

each of which has a little bit of, of antiquity in it. or sometimes a lot of them to do it is, and you need them to all line up at the end and, and become a working functional system. marissa justina predicts that quantum computers will be used in about 5 to 10 years. but whether quantum chips will be used in the future is not just a question of technological progress. but of money to study by boston consulting group has found that using quantum computers costs up to 3000 to 5000 year as an hour by comparison, using a traditional cloud computer costs less than a cent per hour. another interesting aspect is who invests and quantum research, a part from tech companies states to are investing china on top of the table with 14000000000 zeroes or then all other countries combined. one reason for state interest in quantum computers is that they could hack into a digital encryption method. this would have consequences for crypto wallets,

chaps, health data and military tactics. what do you think? will quantum technology change or lives hill illnesses or even slow down climate change? i'm curious to see which areas will make a quantum leap. and what that means for us. we'd love to hear from you for now by and see you soon. the imagine that you're eating a hamburger and as you're biting into this juicy burner, your dining companion says to you. actually the hamburger is not made from cows. it's made from golden retrievers. 2 2 should we. 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 in meeting cultures around the world, people learn to classify small handful of animals with edible and all the rest of

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