of all, admittedly, only very few plane crashes close to have happened during the final descent and touch down and nonsense. what happened today in tokyo sunday, the airport was when it comes to accidents and civil aviation, well within the room of statistics problem, bildy. but the fact that all passengers and crew escaped this fireball alive defied all odds. after crashing with a smaller coast guard machine, the air bus a 350 caught fire and hurled down the runway engulfed in flames. 5 crew members of the coast guard plain did not make it tonight. we asked just how it was possible for people to get off the air bus largely unharmed. and we look at what this crash can teach us about commercial aviation. and the role passengers can play in their own survival in an emergency. nicole really cumberland and this is the day the

why we 3rd the while there is bought it across all the run. right. why a secretary should be able to say roughly the far far fuselage pads. so everything right. the georgia, 379 people, including 367 passengers, and 12 crew members was safely evacuated the target finally to start to 2nd part as a caesar chief, that also coming up for russia continues its new year campaign of targeting civilians and ukraine was out, so i was on the other side of the house and it was flying like this red building.

and then he'd hit on smoke, started coming out around in and sold at the window windows, the bottom to the show. it's good to have you with us. the year is only 2 days old and japan has already had to deal with as many tragedies after a devastating earthquake on new year's day. january 2nd saw a passenger plan collide with a small coast guard aircraft and tokyo's biggest airport. both planes burst into flames while all 379 passengers and crew. the japan airlines plane managed to safely evacuate before the air bus burn out. only one of the 6 people on the coast guard plain survived dramatic scenes a take. you need a quote. this is the moment the passenger aircraft best into flames of to colliding

with the coast guard, playing on the runway boat 379 passengers. and crew, a boat, the lodge, a place where the evacuated that those in the smaller craft, but unfortunately not so lucky. the coast guard flight was on its way to deliver release. so that was affected by the as quite the hit to the other side of the items on new year's day depends prime minister off of these words for those who lost their lives. equal to show creating all these up people had carried out their jobs with a strong sense of duty and responsibility for the disaster. strict in areas and victims, the joins is. this is a very unfortunate incident, and i would like to offer my sincere condolences while expressing my respect and gratitude for their sense of duty control will see unless they shortage the shocked by someone inside the passenger play. and as it filled up with smoke,

the x that say it's amount to the everyone on the line or managed to escape to safety. in an evacuation audio, you want all of the exits open, we want all of the sliced to deploying mobility. you want every one to get down the slides rapidly. it appears to me that tool was not used in the event collection. so that's a, that's even more remarkable. at least $75.00 trips were deployed to extinguish the plays which spend the planning down to just it's fuselage. the chain of events that led to the accident and not yet known japanese well, so it does say an investigation is underway. that's bringing steven right. he's a professor of aviation at the temporary university in finland. it's good to see you. we have seen the images. this is the stuff every travellers nightmares. are made of. how do you think all people on board the air bus managed to escape a disaster like that? a good evening. i think this is

a really good example of what happens when the passengers listen carefully to the crew. that that statement is terrible in incidents. and this then listen carefully to the cabin attendance that are in the cross square law. so something terrible is happening. and then go down in that critical time. how long do people have to get off an aircraft in the event of a massive fire, like the one we saw in tokyo? well, that's a good question. yeah, cost of designed to get everybody out. in fact, to make a new plan, you have to certify and show that everybody gets out in 90 seconds or less and that also takes into account those being unavailable. the reality is that when you start adding fire and smoke that time increases quite significantly, almost doubled. but the reality is 90 seconds if you can get it and that not 1st 90

seconds, your chances of survival are much great. so the passenger said they were told by air crew members not to open certain doors. how would air crew members, especially in this scenario that confusing full of panic? i'm assuming make the call. we're to get out and we're not always quite straightforward actually because all the tools have go windows in them as part of the gram training for old pilots and cabin crew. you have to look through the window before you open the door for this exact reason. this isn't the 1st time, and if accusation is taking place and that's been far outside, i could re last a long list of other events where similar occurrences have happened. and it's impulsive that the dual stays closed when there was a fight, the immediate vicinity. because if you do open the door, the father penetrates the passenger cabin. that much false stuff. it was dark on

landing now that you talk about the windows landing protocol is lights on the cabin dimmed and windows lines open. why is that so important? is it just for the crew to be able to see out or does it also involved the passengers keeping an eye out for anything that might strike them as a strange or, or worrying? wait, you're, you're absolutely correct. the, the window blinds must be off legally. they've got to be up on that. so is that whoever's inside the cross can actually look outside of this post crash file type scenario. and that's for both passengers and crew unlike quite a few didn't the lights. so if the cross is incredibly bright and then you have to evacuate into the dead of night, where you've got for a little lie. potentially, this would slow this 92nd metric window down because you, you know, your eyes have to adjust. so therefore, by lowering the lights before lighting again, until you call, it means that if in the unlikely case that you do have to get out quickly,

this isn't a problem. the passenger aircraft was an air bus a 350. but what can you tell us about that model and how it might have played a role in this not becoming a bigger tragedy because it's a fairly modern plane. yeah, it's really you applied. so these are the lights, this generation of aircraft at the moment. so they have large amounts of compass it, switch them up and materials they using less metallic material. and they're much stronger than the traditional lay across the. i certainly started my career working with. i'm what this means is that because the i across just let me but you're not me but stronger. but it has. it is the phone from all could blake when it struck another at croft? yes, there's been a fuel leak. yes, that has been a far in the events off the woods. but the main structure which you could see as the ag crossed in the wings and so on. this is actually a lamp,

the cost to come to a sites. so this has allowed all the passengers and the crew of the iceberg. 50 to get out. yeah. crossed in that in that time period. and that's why we're so lucky that the passengers in this case will cut out safely. now stephen writes of temper university in finland. thank you so much for your assessment. thank you. to russia's war on ukraine. now. moscow says at least one person has been killed and several others injured in ukrainian attacks on the russian city and region of belgrade. the strikes come after ukraine's president will load them as a lensky about russia would pay for its latest ms. l. a tax on ukrainian cities. those hero strikes hit the capital cave and the eastern city of harkins killing at least 5 people and wounding nearly a 100. the aftermath of an attack on the southern me on ski district of

keys rushing missiles caused extensive destruction to the neighborhood to hello. sure, so i'm not sure if you can afford it, but the store and left residents struggling to come to terms with it from which i saw it was that was, it was horrifying. there were bits of window frames and glass everywhere. people were crawling and crying. partridge with you, it was still dark and we could see a fire burning somewhere outside with nor show it to avoid this level with. so there's a put a lot. i'm very scared and shocks for you and you because i never thought this would happen to us. i have always been an optimist. and i can't find my cat either . sorry. the crate in capital was the target of several russian strikes,

which mostly hit civilian areas. dresser also targeted the country, 2nd largest city, car, key engineering dozens, and turning parts of residential neighborhoods into small during craters. ukraine's president, for that to me, is a landscape, condemn the attacks, the accredited western air defense systems for intercepting and destroying the vast majority of rushing missiles. so there were a more strikes by the in human russians with almost $100.00 rockets of various types. at least 70 rockets were shot down, almost 60 of them shot down in the key barrier. there were severe bombings in hockey. the landscape is under mounting pressure to assure military and financial support from western allies to help ukraine continue to defend itself against the russian invasion and placed a welcome. now kara roodick, she is a member of the reigning parliament and leader of the opposition party, hollows. she joined us from keith. kara door apartment was in one of the buildings

hit overnight and tell us what happened. hello, nicole, thank you so much for having me. i woke up today at about 7 am, uh because of the sound of air raid sirens. this is not uncommon for us because there has been many attacks on kids these days. i tried to go downstairs, toyota. we are, we usually hide under the stairs, but it was just like not quick enough because then i heard the explosion. and then i have seen that there is a smoke and my windows, they just like they were pulled out of the frames and chattered on the floor and part of the wall isn't dry both. and then they went out, it was dark and smoke and people were screaming and uh, but the time did not stop at this moment. so you can imagine the news armageddon was it. miss howes were coming and coming and people were trying to seek you know,

somebody needs help. but can you just imagine this? is it just terror and its purest ways. and there were many people from my neighborhood that were actually severely injured soon. got i just got a couple of scratches out of the shelters of the glass and i was able to tell my neighbors. but that the truth is that right now and you thing, when you are going to bed, you don't have any guarantee that you will wake up in the morning nor to 12. and this is what's happening every single day. i think many people in the west seeing that the water is over, but it is not. it is going on every day and we never know if we are going to survive and the other attack. yeah. that most of ours will have to see that you're safe, the sounds incredibly frightening. just to give our viewers a sense because this has been going on for almost 2 years now. but, but the attacks,

especially in kids now seem to be coming closer and closer again. was it what is it like for you living in keys at the moment? well, as of right now, like i have no, no windows as part of my, my home. and we'll be putting some plastic wrapped over them so we can go through the night we, it all smells like smoke and we didn't have a water for some time in the morning. and we only asked each other if like, all yours is sarah, right? and if, if everybody's alive and people attending, we are good for now. so today for this attack today, there were so many people come in helping out with the glass. there was so many glass shatters everywhere, and of the issues. russia still has so many miss house and beacon to our way and the air defense system that you've got,

they're doing get really good job. but at there until you see it, there's not enough. it's not like a 100 percent protection, not even 90 percent. and this is why we are quoting. we're calling to get more myself for the air defense systems, the fighter jets. but the fact is, the truth is that you feel incredibly incredibly countless when you're standing there looking as part of your head or glass. uh, my neighbors are trying to fix their part. and so like you, you look at this and you, you don't know what you can do and people right now, just preparing for the nights just arrive night by night. and it is incredibly scary. it is as far from normal as possible. 2023 was one of the most exciting years for space exploration, more people were in space at the same time than ever before. the number of space

tourism flights also took off and india became the 4th country to successfully soft land on the moon. that is just the name, a few highlights and the good news is 2024. is that to be just as exciting or even more? is a look at what the had one of the most highly anticipated events on the 2024 space calendar is the arguments to mission in november. it's slated to send these for astronauts seeing here at a launch demonstration event on a 10 day lunar fly by. it will be the final test to mention before arguments $0.03 . humans back to the surface of the moon in 2025. for the 1st time and over half a century, the milestone program led by nasa involved 6 other space agencies, including europe's east, is also a stepping stone to bigger things. those are certainly a good lease on one side of costs. technology has advanced and we are exploring

again a the universe, that means we or we send us to now. so outside our space station, our role is a little bit. and the more news to obvious next stop are on the way to boss. so cindy is successful tundra on mission to the moon. south pole was just the 1st to an area where water has been detected. nasa is soil sample prospector viper will have their next. and in may, china also plans to launch the chunk, a 6, a robotic exploration mission that like its predecessor, the chunk a 5 is designed to return samples of lunar soil and rock to earth. for the 1st time, from the moon's far side visit the other moons and the solar system like one that circles. mars are also on the agenda in 2024. in september, japan space agency jacks is heading to full bose with a mission that will seek to collect

a few grams of material from the red planets. larger moon. the following month, we'll see the launch towards jupiter of nasa's europa clipper emission. it will try to pinpoint possible future landing sites on the jovian satellite surface and also gather data on its ice. the outer shell and the oceans suspected beneath it trips the asteroids are also planned for 2024. he says hair admission will look at the 2 asteroids, didn't most and dime more photos. back in 2022 now says dark spacecraft intentionally slammed into dime more of those. that was a feasibility study into whether it's possible to deflect the course of new earth objects with the aid of to help her satellites. hero will exam on the asteroid and nearby space and the aftermath of the dark collision. and had

ice is really a mission that focuses on the planet that the safety that means but texting our planet for objects that might heat our plan. and this is, well, hey, i hope we do it because have a is looking at the impacts which the nasa thought commission had on this asteroid send to see how, how this was affected. the moon looms large for every space varying nation and 2024 . but it's just one destination. and one of the most exciting years ever for space exploration, was framework mccork, right. and he's a senior advisor for science and exploration of the european space agency in the netherlands. mark, welcome to the ww that before we get onto what to expect in 2024, you are a closely involved with a james web space telescope. what is the last year brought for you? well finally, i mean off the 25 years of work on this mission. um we have data. the mission was launched, of course, on christmas day in 2021. i finally reached its old it and cooled down to the

temperature needed to be at. and then was on folded and commissioned by the summer of last year. we started getting data. when i said last year 2022. so we got lots of data and some of it behind me here. this is peter ryan nephew listing with a james web space telescope. but there's a normal amount of data coming back. some really fascinating discoveries, for example, here in this nearby region west also being when we think we're seeing free floating planet, it's about the mass of jupiter and some of the river. and even in past binary is orbiting around each other. it's completely unexpected. so it's been a real thrill to get some of that day throughout the such a long period of time working on the mission. fascinating stuff. and now that you mentioned jupiter b, s a launch the juice mission to the moon of jupiter, the moons of jupiter. last year is expected to arrive in 2031, but it's going to stop by ers again this year. tell us about the a yes. well even you using the most powerful rocket that we have the area and 5 on

one of his last flights. we don't have really enough energy to get all the way out to jupiter. we have to crawl away from the, the some strong gravitational poll close in, in the solar system with the phase. and to do that, we're using fly buys of us and all the planets as well. so essentially steal some of their energy and sling us out into the solar system. further out to jupiter, just about 5 times. so they're out in the earth is and yes indeed in august this year we'll be doing something this unprecedented actually gets a double slide by of the moon 1st. and then one and a half days later of the. so using both of those objects and stealing a bit to their energy, so to speak, to then get us on the rest of the next part of the journey, which last until 20, so that you want, as you said. so it's just the beginning of a long journey. in, in the end, we'll go into all the around the new ganymede, which is one of the large moons of jupiter, has ice on the surface and has a liquid ocean underneath that. so like you wrote

a clip of which was in your piece, we'll be investigating the possibility. some of these moons might have habitable conditions under the icey crusts and 0 anonymous access to space is set to return this year with the postal launch of our on his 6. what are you expecting there as well? so hopefully a very successful 1st launch, a lot of work is being done over the years because to move on from area and 5, which is of the fantastic a successful launcher which launched the james web space telescope as well as juice on. fantastic. the precise little bit, but the launch game has moved on as we know with space x and other providers. there's a need for cheaper launch access to space from europe an area insect x x is designed to provide that. have been some setbacks along the way just times how you can to engineer this machine. and of course, the pandemic isn't the help. but the that has been a lot of testing done in french keyona. and hopefully the rock it will get off the

ground this year for the 1st time, and lots of our future missions that depending on area and 6, so each uh, not only internally but then the commercial market as well. visa is also involved in a future plan to maybe save the planet from a rose asteroid with a hair mission. now, as someone who has stakes in this world's, you know, staying intact, i would like to know how you're planning on doing well in your piece. just before i came on, it described the dots mission, which was a nasa mission, which arrived at very high speed at a binary asteroid. did the motion die more force and hit the smaller of those 2 bodies. so, effective like a speeding bullet and imparted some energy into that small asteroid and change this orbit around the bigger one. so that was an expectation. it might change it by, you know, a few minutes or so. but it changed it by more than half an hour. the orbit from 12 hours down to 11 in the off. and well that's designed to show us hopefully is that

we can deflect asteroids if they're on a collision course with the by hitting them far in advance of the impact. you won't do it the day before, but many years in advance and we can predict that quite well. and, and hopefully just shift, it's a little bit very slightly so it doesn't impact the from the, the here mission is now going to follow up to see what actually happened to the most and die more for us. because it's very important to understand how that little bit was change, what, what actually happened during the collision, because of the dot mission is no longer there. but with here are, will be only thing around with them to the other satellites as well. really getting a lot more information about how that will asteroid change and how we can apply that to protecting our planet in the future. we only have about a minute, but i do want to know which of all of these mission the mission of 2024 do you think will be most consequential for life here on earth? oh, that's a great question. i mean, you know,

many of the space science missions where we go on out and look at the universe. the consequential for us in the way that we understand the universe we living in that cultural sense. but the hero mission, of course, could be very consequential in helping us save our planet from a future collision. and then there's lots of work going on in the moon and malls. some people think we might actually end up living on those on those locations. so i think there's an awful lot happening in 2024 for people to be excited about and that i fingers crossed, of course, for many of those missions, getting off the ground successfully. martha corcoran of the european space agency, all the best to you. thank you so much. thank you. thank you. a unless or time were ready, but make sure to stay informed, staying age, and stay in touch. so you can follow our team on social media at the news and myself ask nicole underscore, formerly from all of us here on the day. thank you so much for spending part of your day. the

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