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gremlins ice sheet hobbles, a secret giving us a look into all future the pump to that secret runs through these rivers of mount water, which form every summer and disappear every winter. the

of the day drain into holes cold moon. uh. this one is believed to continue hundreds of meters down into the ice. and that's where on going the south. you can hear the water. it's lowered, right? so that's what's fun about it. the, the ice is melting. sea levels are rising. we will know event, but no one knows just how fast it is happening, even though that may be the most dudgeon question to answer right now the,

i want to go down that home together with some scientists to learn about the future . yes, but you will quickly become part of the past. if you're not careful, the looks of them be okay. following, i don't really have much experience with climbing on ice as a filmmaker, i know more about cameras, white balance, and depth of field as a child, i had a place where i could be all by myself. a world of my own, the bulk behind a home where i lived when every day, oh yeah. on expeditions deep into unknown territory and

then one day they started building town houses that i was outraged when they started cutting down trees. they continued building, even though i took the key to the trailer and threw it in the lake to sabotage. they walk my well disappear. maybe that's also what's happening now. only now it's not just my little, well that's punishing the coordinator for the for

the 8.8 meters. now this looks like a price jason box door today and jensen and alan hubbert. i'll be joining these 3 extraordinary professors into explorers on their expeditions, documenting what they find by the way it season. is it safe to walk just just, just you got to say about their weight and other with the next one this year. wow. see the snow birds here it's. it's not sick. no. and you stand on that you're just gonna fall in and you can see not easily 50 meters or no, no, no, no, no. i'm by, by what snowbirds?

what, what you were standing on that wasn't say, you know, the, these, these take lives the, the most scientists study the ice mount from un office using data from sensor lights, radar and computer models. but there's a lot we cannot determine that way. door to jason and i'm believe it's necessary to study the process through the rank jumps of ation and field status. they call it ground truth for, for to are soon that you can factor still have to input the new call 20 years ago. you could go directly onto the ice from here. now you have to won't quite fall to reach its normal golf when you, when you will, can i see will,

to climate history. the down kind of safer that that size from the ice age, which is more than 11000 years old to them, i keep own top is lice a color dice younger than 11000 years from the inside glacial periods. welcome to east for, for many reasons, but then you can spend with one, like in the, i say jesus, i'm with the other, like in the integration period. like this. i'm standing here. it's a very dramatic moment in climate history. you'll excuse me for this is just one instrument of many here. we've been studying risk lice here over a decade now. so we have a pretty good idea about how this play c a b hayes. so i think it's important to come here and make the measurements and just not sit for

you on the desk and download your data rocks on the satellite the any real way to know what's going on the device you should use to access it. you've got to drill holes, you're going to put sensors there in the you have to go down there and find that the a woman well also means a more humid weld with more precipitation. how will

this affect the ice? how does most snow and rain affect the mounting process? it show to have a huge impact on the future climate. but we don't have much data on it. the one of the few scientists who study the relationship between increased rain and snowfall is professor jason box. well this is getting really big the way that we can check the fly is this idea of pouring water over water? oh yeah. well the flood the parchment. yeah. not too much water, but we want to check if uh, if this repair job has worked for kind of slow and he is like rain

stuff through from the top or yeah, the top does come through so far so good. can you get your spray bottle just where my hand is from the outside. jason has been on. i have authority expeditions. researching the climax on the ice sheet. there's a come into what there's something that's coming through dammit. this is professor conrad steph. and jason's mental early in his career, a pioneer in climate research. jason was one of the office of the you and climate change report that was awarded the nobel peace prize in 2007. we really don't know a lot about just how much rain falls, how much snow is there. rain can damage the snow. it can accelerate the melt,

this process. and the so you see right now this is bare ice back here. it's dark, it absorbs a lot of sunlight. if you have a 6 know cover, and we think that climate warming is bringing more snow. so that actually has a protective effect on the ice. but at the same time, there's more rain. so we have to also record how much rain is fall. i need to make sense about the competition between these 2 forms of h 2. 0 it's. it's kind of an untold story. i think it'll become a hot topic for other scientists. during the winter, precipitation falls as snow layer upon land settling as a thick cover on top of the ice, essentially protects the ice from the hates of the sun, the

the, the time of my 1st expedition. the objective is to see how much snow was falling during winter. this place is devoid of life. the wave will be staying here for 12 days. moving towards the coast on skis in slants along the way. we'll stop many times a day to drill into the ice. accompanying

us is jason's friend and research connie massaging the wall. now. i've marked in my book these 2 areas that are risky. so there's one kilometer which crosses where we go over this rich. as i clearly remember the crevasses jason had shown me not visible. now the in order to find out how fix the cover of snow is the scientist must drill through the snow until they strike ice. the

we had to dig this little bit because we got more snow here that we were expected. we, we didn't bring enough drill equipment to go that just extra read or the 30 the total down. yeah. the they need to do numerous snow drilling as a day to obtain a reliable scientific result. do we get agreement between the 2 course? not a good 30 minutes. ok, let's take one more. pretty impressive cantavon collective knowledge about the

state of the ice sheet. stems from data gathered using a primitive drill, a plastic bag and the kitchen scale. we set up camp here, sleeping 100 kilometers out on the ice sheet on top of a mattress of frozen water, one kilometer think the, the cc, the video, and so forth. yeah, definitely people to make good japanese down there. yeah. i hope the

it shouldn't be this warm here today. it's like summer conditions in the middle of april. think about all of this landscape absorbing all of this extra heat. hard not to feel that something really is happening here. it's like a kind of like

a disaster in slow motion. it's i call it the burden of awareness. it's the opposite of ignorance is bliss. when you become aware of what's happening with climate change, you don't sleep good at night. whoa . if you stay here long enough, something interesting stops to happen. you begin to see the nuances. you notice that the ice rate actually sloan so bad, that it isn't one giant find plant to that it actually pillows up and down.

you can see that the wind has shape the surface of the ice like waves frozen in time. it looks like a photograph of an ocean, an ocean that might soon be back in motion. the frozen still gas in here. so i'm just warming up the

we have to take this route to avoid these really bad crew basses in here. here. and there. jason and a massage these measurements will be compared to measurements counted by a nasa airplane. the hands on research is meant to amend these laser measurements. it's, it's a very small piece of, of, of the puzzle. but i think that image that's forming is coherent. i've been working on that image for 2 decades now and it's, it's a, it's an image of a changing environment. the

i do everything that i can to inform, the climate change issue. and that's for the sake of my daughter and all the other kids in nature that surrounds the jason's gps unit indicates one of his weather station sharpie. right here, right here somewhere. the video over here. the

the, this is what this thing is. 3 meters fall. standing on the ice. i just now need to dig down meter and a half or so to get the memory, it's hard to know what makes you able to do the best. it's either speed metal or of those to somehow but you know, it gives you the power to sticks. no not if you really want to measure a small change is happening on the ice. you must do your observations at the same hour every day,

all year round. this measuring station measures the level of snow every 4 hours. if it's working properly, it won't get jason honey accurate snowfall data. it's a new technology. measures neutrons reading down on the planet from space and that the snow in between it blocks some of the neutrons. expensive information here. i don't yet know if this equipment is working. it's really important because the models and the satellite measurements, they cannot capture this kind of thin layer of snow to understand how quickly the green that i see, there's no thing we have to do this. oh,

let's see many files here that's good. and the dates are starting when i remember this is 30th of august last year when we started this is it stopped measuring on new years. it didn't record continuously. but these files are larger because if it's uh uh, it did measure continuously. it's just recording the data in bursts. so yeah, i think it's working. that's great. pretty heavy. yeah. yeah, i'm really happy put so much effort in to this work and

you know, there's a lot of times it feels like it's just pure effort in your you're wasting your time but seems to be working. so basically feel kind of emotional after all that. all that preparation for this, this trip. tears of joy or not. with all of that information, we can learn a lot about a process, ease of smells, how much damage that can do to the snow in the ice a. we didn't know that before the, the thing about ice is you have to listen and, and it will reveal its secrets. and the way that we listen is with these recording

devices. and then it tells us the story, the some high clouds or maybe that's the weather the we've been told about the hello, is this the match office? hi, um yeah, i oppose the nice to know gala de la sosa at e,

denmark and uh, we are on the inland, dice request uh whether prognosis of the 10 meters per 2nd in the morning and 18 meters per 2nd in the afternoon for 3 days it's better for us right now when the wind is only one, much lighter to build a wall to take the force of the wind. cause 18 meters per 2nd is i think a little bit more than these tense are really made for. that's why we make the wall, so we'll be okay. so the

go down because this layers are difficult and so far the icon help that's think about what would happen if i'm 10. so ripped apart. line here in the middle of the ice sheet is nothing but honest sleeping bags. okay

. 25 knots in the morning. in gusty, the a little bit stronger building to about 40 knots. i have no idea how strong faulty not since i'm given a situation. i'm not about to ask the,

do you want more coffee? looks like we're getting through. all you can really do is sit inside the tent the off to 2 days. the storm suddenly stops as if someone flicked the switch. jason and massage. she can finish that final snowed rollings and i noticed that we can see walter for the 1st time the end of greenland ice sheet.

we made it to the final destination, the safely emitted safely. oh, it's my family saying that they miss me. it's my 7 year old. i love you dad. what are you do a type of fly? i am waiting for a helicopter. the jason's measurement show there's increased snowfall here. we can see that there's a gradual increase in snowfall like 20 percent more snow fall since $1840.00. the snow helps protect the ice, but at the same time this increased rain phone to which destroys the protective layer of snow. the rain is winning the competition. jason talked about

so far uh, scientific calculations on how fast the ice is mounting and how quickly the sea levels were rise of north accounted for this effect of increased snow and rain for the the more c o 2 emissions reductions. now we have it, it buys us time, delaying the time that hundreds of coastal cities become flooded because the ice sheets are melting, irreversibly. we're buying time and saving lives the for the last 5 years, jason has been planting

a forest in greenland. he wants to offset the c o 2 footprints of his research on the ice. while the mature tree will have a 100 kilos of carpet in it, which is about half of the bio mass is carbon. so in this a heck there, there's going to be 100 tons of carbon, the it's going to change the pricing in the wind. read a little bit about our personal company footprints and what we do. you know, i think most people are very eager to, to, to give a hand into something. we have to do a lot of small steps in all directions.

yeah, you know, this is something that we can do to take yeah, i mean we're not gonna drop down all of our carbon, but this is something that we can do. and we all need to start doing something and not just talking about it. it seems like it fits well. hopefully i hope to come again. see if it has grown into a big tree or ice and ice coal research have taken up professor daughter daniel jensen's entire research life. oh, as jason puts it toward the seas, very much about science with a capital s big science. for the last 20 years, daughter has been leading one of the world's most ambitious scientific projects far

out on the ice. together with a group of 50 danish and international scientists, she is drilling about 2500 meters down into the ice to gain an understanding of what happens inside the ice as well. 8. so now you'll see that you can see the ice coincide. and now they're going to pull out in a call with the b, we have more of an, a t tons of ice and 20 kilometers device close here to provide some insight working through a history book. i could tell you a story about every folks you saw episode of that cast. this is the, the,

the don't to is one of the scientists who know the most about won't be ice, can tell us about climate history. the findings to this is that to the ice from the ice age, it's 11900 years old. each 9 represents in the spring of each year. the spring stores no spring dust with them and small ad bubbles foam around the stuff like that. and sometimes they look a bit like champagne bubble in the spanish american east when the snow falls to the ground and is called between snowflakes. as low as snow falls, lat upon desire of snow is press downward kilometer by kilometer the pressure 10

snow into lice which in caps relates the into tiny bubbles thereby. present, i think, yeah, from the time when the snow fell thousands of years ago the this, when you look at the snow from the last 5000, here's the sea when humans began influencing the climate so we can see more i and then more met cheery in the ice, there are many ways we can measure the impact of human activity. i mean, the is a big difference between the ice here, which is almost without crevices on the front to die so that the ice over here is moving more slowly than the ice back. that

the ice is in constant motion gliding, flowing and stretching downhill towards the coastline. only now do i begin to realize that you can see where it flows the fastest? by looking at the surface, there are carnes flowing through gremlins frozen sea. similar to the ones found in the wilds, oceans ice flows. when the ice reaches the coast, it breaks off into the see the,

there's much we don't yet know about the streams of ice. but we do know they are responsible for a huff at the well to last device. tough. what you're seeing here is the quickest. i slow on the planets. this place here once traveled at 7 kilometers. yeah. that's no longer the case. now the speed is about 12 kilometers a year, so that's about 40 meters a day. if you stand out that you can actually see the ice flowing, it's unique probably the only place in the world's way. you can see this the

nobody can put landscape of yes. so it is like a lunar landscapes here because the ice has withdrawn and the speed of the ice flow has increased. or how does the um, what do we have the life know when the ice recedes, life appears on the 1st knife to appear in this desolate in byron place and the recently fried from the ice me every only slow behaves differently. that much door to knows this one had initially double that speed. oh, need to slow down again. we don't know why it's doing that. you take the, the, the surprise task because the temperatures on green and rising steadily my much so that's why it's so difficult to understand the ice floes. this is the sample photos coverage model as predict the sea levels will rise 60 centimeters in

copenhagen, denmark, assuming that they include a margin of era of 60 centimeters. this 5 foxes to this means the city sea levels could change anywhere from 0 to 1.2 meters home. that's amounts of variation poses a serious problem of a city demo and warning you call that balance of the mounting in greenland takes place on the coast, the other hoss through ice streams, baton talked to cut the largest ice mass on us. it's so cold that nothing mounts on the surface of the last in ice mass on, on talk to is the full cost only by ice throws everything we learned on grievance can be applied to on top to cut the 40 percent of the world population lives by an ocean and 230000000 people live at less than one meter above sea level.

we have no idea how high dams will need to be to protect these populations. what i show lines will need to look like, or where people should live. scientists believe it's the water underneath the ice that affects the speed with which the ice is moving. for my next expedition of join professor island hubbard, as he explores this very phenomenon, the or the

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