of the treasure map for more than glad to discover some of us wriggled, begging sites on youtube and also into the they are the last of their kind nation and 5 to 2 female northern white fry knows when they die, their species will die with something. but might modern reproductive medicines save them from extinction? international team of scientists believes it could all this and more on this edition dw science show. welcome to tomorrow, today, the way that this for a long time, all the work we put in now has a, has a real sense and can make a difference in for the species. so then the host is part of an international team

that's trying to risk you with the northern wide rhino. and for that, they needed to take a detour of a close relative the southern wide, right? know, and that's know, raising high hopes we achieved the 1st successful emerald transfer in the rentals for us ever. and that's quite the. yeah. and know the big steps for us to the right . no baby unfortunately won't be born, but we'll get to that. so this pair of northern white rhino cows are the only 2 left on the planet, and they are protected around the clock. unlike the southern relatives, northern white ryan, those ones roamed parts of central africa. but to poaching and civil war have had a devastating impact. and now the species is extinct and the wild, and that's less than equal logic hook up. then other right ramos is the keystone species in central africa, or as was until they've got eliminated from its natural habitat. it keeps open spaces of short grass,

but other pieces can feed on they some species are struggled with longer grass. and also by creating these uh, short grass areas for zones they contribute to having fire protections. eco systems are extremely complex and i think only when animals species disappear from them, we understand how interlinks everything was only a handful of northern way dry nose have ever survived a captivity for it and is in the czech republic to help these 2 vinyl couplets, breed they brought it to kenya and 2009, with a good grace on the native grasses in their native climate. but those hopes were dashed, no rhino babies, rebel, and both bulls died, leaving behind the 2 females as the last chance for the species. how could the work part of the answer lies frozen in these containers at the lightness institute for zoo and wildlife research in berlin. together with selves for more than $300.00 other species. here we also start seeing samples of november trials

and ambrose of november trials. we split them between italy and germany to have a back up in case some catastrophic event happens. at least one bank safe, 30 northern wide rhino embryos, cardinal slandering, and the cold scientists had harvested seamen from several rhino boots before they died. every few weeks, the scientists harvest excels from one of the 2 females rhinos the cx, our events loan directly to the lab, and italy with the sperm and the egg meat, and develop into an embryo that's frozen for the future. this entire process is also being carried out with one of the close relatives, the southern white, right, know that population is quite a bit larger. so they're a good test case. for the rhino embryo transfer,

the entire process had to be reconfigured for rhinos to the point of even inventing new tools. right, and those are so large, there's going to sole fix that. the only way to reach the uterus it turns out, is through the rectum. we have to go one into half me through inside of the animal and bring a needle. next puncture the wall of the rectum into the uterus, and then deposit our ambros inside of the uterus. as far as i know, no, no other amber transfer has ever been done this way. it's a long journey until an embryo reaches a reino uterus. in the most recent transfer, the southern wide rhino accelerates came from belgium and the spring from austria, the virtualization took place in italy. the embryo was frozen and sent to kenya to be implanted into the surrogate mother correct. unfortunately, cora fell ill and died during the pregnancy,

but for the 1st time ever transferred dry, new embryo had grown into a fetus. so when, when we saw the feet this, it was really perfect little creature. it looks already like a rhino. you can see the base of the hall and you can see the rips count the rips through the skin. you could clearly see it's a male. that subpoena is at this stage actually 99 percent of the pregnancy continue to last breath. so it, all it had to do is pause to grow for the inside of the loan of this moment unless she died, which unfortunately happened. but the scientists had shown that the idea was viable to move out forward, especially to save the and all the right right now, this is the crucial prerequisites that we can really with the ambrose we created. we can go to the next step and create new life from them. there's another problem.

so the semen and x elves come from only 3 northern wide right? knows that's why scientists in germany and japan, i experimenting with themselves to bring more variety into the gene pool. the methods we develop are extremely important for the future of many species. i think for example, also this too much on rhino that we have been called now to work with. and we are already starting to apply our technologies to this species as well. the plan calls for transferring the 1st northern wide dry new embryo in summer 2024. if all goes well about 16 months later, a baby will take its place alongside the 2 northern wide right oak house. because to grow up as a prep and also why dry no. the baby needs to be part of a rhino class. as these days, most rhinos live in fenced in nature reserves where they're protected from poachers,

who are mainly interested in the rhinos. horns and traditional chinese medicine, powdered rhino horn, is a sought after ingredient. in reality though, the horns are made of carrots and the very same substance that makes up human hair . but what about the horns of other animals? that's the topic of this week's viewer question, which comes from sophia are in columbia. the why do the horns of large herbivores come in so many shapes and sizes? first of all, not every animal with fancy head, deer has horns. deer and their relatives have antlers, which are made entirely of dead zone. there shut every year and then re drove horns by contrast, throughout an animal life. the rhino family has one kind of or made own the super

hard carrots. ringback devoted family has a different kind of horn which includes goats sheets, and antelope, and their horns share a common features. the core is made of living bone interlaced with blood vessels, all covered with a tough coating of keratin. it's the same substance that makes up our own hair and finger nails. the shape of the horn is believed to play a role in the regulation of body temperature, especially in the heat sensitive brain. as scientists have documented on and for read thermal images. the top of the head on callas, with horns stays cooler than in cattle whose horns were removed. in more temperate regions, capital horns tend to be shorter and lightly curved and covered with a thick layer of carrots and the in the traffic. so kettle tend to have big, sweeping horns there,

large surface area can dissipate excess bodies without water loss. the same holds for the upright horns, commented gazelles, and many other antelope. their horns are covered by a fin, carrot and cheese, and have a cooling network of blood vessels to extend to the very chips. it's not a patient that isn't well suited to the cold, with their captain susan, cooler climates, antelope from africa can even get frostbite on the tips of their horns. why do you have a science question? send it to us in a video, text or voice message. if we answer it on the show, we'll send you a little surprise as a thank you. so come on. just ask these ibex may be needed through the helps, but surprisingly enough,

they enjoyed basking in warmer temperatures. during a mild winter, more young i back survive. and alpine ibex. don't need all that much surface water either. so from their point of view, the impact of climate change and this without isn't necessarily a bad thing. it's 4 30 in the morning here and this without the game keeper was do stuff is hiking to the rock face of the stone mountain, the chemo. it's always a special encounter. it's like a glimpse of another world. when you get close to these animals the that's just i thought that's also what makes the alpine ibex so fascinating. who is

dish now has been observing the wild ibex, a species of wild coat here for nearly 30 years. now those are all mature bucks. they live in separate grooves outside of the meeting season. of course we do something to prove that the alpine ibex are adapted to the extreme conditions here and can go long periods without water. although that ibex don't really need to drink. otherwise the die of thirst and the outstanding region where there's hardly any surface water that's off because of the water they get from plants and from the morning do is all they need from the law. so it was all to take a short time later he encounters a group of about 30 in juvenile and but your box the previous winter here was mild . that's good for the ibex, which live above the tree line. shy, that's perfectly. have them feel for they me they don't mind ibex benefit from that . so just really stuck winters are one of the most crucial, mostly difficult times of the year for them. stay on the ass here all winter,

even in january, february, and march, when it's minus 20 or 30 degrees celsius of ice and be in the wind blast over the mountain top. so the 100 kilometers an hour. so conditions are harsh. mean the milder the winter and the lower their death rate. so the animals benefit at the at all good. the only backs are especially interested in the dog luna, to get a better estimate of the size of the population. the gain keeper also looks for the dough with their kids. they're harder to find because they tend to seek the safety of rugged and accessible terrain. when i started today, as i started down there, a middle aged, go to look, there's some more you haven't done, but it'll be where they know who you're going to small. they are not. they're not all that old yet. there's a 3rd one and a force field. that's

great. that's really lovely. the presence of young ibex is also a good sign, a lindsey mailing investment. a herd has a lot of yearly subs assigned that last year's kid survive the winter. on the home after the mild winter, many of the kids survive level a for them. it's always great when you see the go with their younger you see machine especially up close like this yet and of the nice the style that's go not doesn't happen every day. it all take off on his way back down. there is a surprise in store. this bunk is 15 years old, which makes i'm the oldest ibex and the time region. we think they call in the holly as part of our heard management. we also hunt the animals to maintain a certain color in size based on the, the city when the winter death rate, as low more young animals survive. so we raise our kill quote, a bad that lets us maintain the population at the size that we want need will help

pause to the hunt insures the population doesn't grow too large. the herds have enough food and don't need to compete with shami for resources. here on the remote and rugged mountain top, the alpine ibex or thriving mad about fines. technology that's like dw signs is now on. take talk. what's to be fun? why do gravitational ways? when did people begin getting high and laughing gas out of the drums boogie to the beads and what's the perfect kid football find? find the on says gets most dw signs on new tick tock channel. the rules were once the most widely spread predator in the world,

the skilful hunters ranged over much of the northern hemisphere. then humans hunted them nearly to extinction. in the 1990s walls were granted protective status across europe, and their numbers have been rising steadily. ever since, researchers have been documenting their return today about $180.00 walls tax room across germany. much to the dismay of many farmers and shepherds last year was killed molten $4000.00 farm animals and gemini, to be as tins flocks has been attacked twice already. wolves killed 70 of his sheep and a few goats, and several more sheet packed to be snorted afterwards, due to injuries. tim likes, wolves, but he says enough is enough. it's been of insight for him generally in favor of the cooling problem. manama is meaning what does it have managed to get past or safety fence? yeah, several times involving these electric fences with no match for the woods for the

shepherd, the presence of wolf packs and that his foam is no longer an option. so this will not stay where you run a kid from this region, a 150 years ago. volume is high because of exactly this problem. beautiful. it didn't work your car work the way they imagined it was in a heavily populated region like north ryan was fairly young and here to re introducing goals. this is very, very difficult. i'll even say it's impossible in many areas. so gone is going okay here in gemini, several different states agencies and hundreds of x, but some monitoring the rules forest isn't volunteer at x, but send samples of will firing down to the sink and back institute may of frank fence. every sample is analyzed. kathleen, the goal is to establish a genetic data base of f. we will fin gemini maintained here at the institute. how many those hundreds of i know here in germany we have almost 3700 separate wolf profiles. it with the boys to, they're all stored in our electronic database and we found in the information also includes which folds that related to each other wanted. so would pack. they belong

to the ones that when the sample was taken and so forth. i've and i'm going to use this just every time we get a new genetic profile in our database law that both gets its own. i d, the boys i g w, if you were genetic, the whole number, you know, math. so we maintain a consecutive list of those numbers for this and then combine the 4th law from the new model. when a foam animal is mold a psalm police taken from the wound and compared to the data base. when there's a genetic match. and it's clear that the livestock was killed by a wolf, the farmer can receive compensation from the states. and if the same wolf is determined to have carried out several different attacks, the former can apply to half the wolves cold, even though it says strictly protected species. this kind of upset can take a long time, sometimes even years and it's and by then we'll pack might already have up to new comes so it doesn't really work. and yet so nice. the regulations for protecting

hubs of sheep and goats. a very strict and complex to complex. some critics say, a biologist and also hands the tips on and steal the says the bad on killing rules shouldn't be absolute rules, so no longer at risk of extinction. and he says that even if the rules and loosened the species went beyond districts with adults are boys, are hoops here in germany, are part of the whole population that spans much of europe for probably northern your asia, as well as you to fund. they've never been at risk of extinction gets in the past or now. so there's no sensible reason to ban hunting was important. invoice, disagree, i think really have to be all but frank fast believes will still need to be strictly protected and they posed little danger to humans in all of europe. i mean, 9 people have died since wolves returned most of them from rabies spend rooms about when you're looking at the past 70 years in this very large geographical area, meaning all of europe. it's safe to say that the statistical probability of

a wolf attacking a human and for any reason on all is very low. it says there are a number of series. why that is the case or the c. and one is that what was might regard us humans as a kind of credit target as far as, as a whole, something best left alone. some of these in who list. so when it comes to rules, conservationists and pharmacist them to away see i to i here in germany and elsewhere in the wild dogs are closely related to wolves for more than 15000 years now. they've been our faithful friends and they have a very special skills, an amazing sense of smell. that's why, especially trained dogs help search for survivors when disaster. yes. but those missions are dangerous for the dogs too. so good high tech, a i robot one day replace our k 9 friends when it comes to search and rescue operations, which knows those best. my low says no. he's being

trained as a rescue dog to identify since follow their treat l and report to find the sense samples include human blood and burial shrouds. the team hides the samples. now it's my lowest turn. he still has plenty to learn about how to carry out search and rescue operations. for the man said, i tied it in the r valley. the flood water rushed through and left the mountains of rebel and its way back. and the chance of finding survivors wasn't all that high unfortunately. oh, so that's when our dogs would come in. that's come. but dogs have to be highly skilled to work in a crisis zone. milo isn't quite there yet. rough terrain, steep hills, and distracting odors all make searching for traces of evidence near the water, especially challenging under

water searches are also difficult. dining robots and underwater drones take a long time to completely search an area. trained dogs can narrow down where to search. team leader yano scotch is preparing a lower. the pipe is filled with burial shrouds and heavy rocks. the training session will take place at a link in the black forest. now the lower will be submerged. when we're planting a note or for the dogs to find later on, it's nice and deep. below us here owns a trained dog. can detect defense up to 20 meters under water. even some are jones doesn't know exactly where the lower is is has to be the handler shouldn't know where the lower is because if they show even the slightest sign or expectation, the dog notices right away for often when do i take sugar? now it's time to hop on board. milo is only allowed to bark when the boat is

directly above the odor particles. but this isn't the right spot. there is nothing here. milo is anxious, sent over, eager. got it and we haven't been out on a boat often so he doesn't have to signal down yet. random barking won't pass muster. milo needs to be more precise. he failed this training exercise, but he'll be given another chance. robots, on the other hand, don't get stressed or anxious once they've been programmed. they do, if they've been told. the european japanese cursor project has designed robots to search for certain libraries in a disaster zone. they are older sensors can locate people trapped under the rubble of a collapse building. for example. could robots like this replace search and rescue dogs? yeah, and those younger doesn't think so. he and his dog venga,

were also called to the r valley in western germany after the catastrophic floods there a few years ago. the low but a robot isn't this. look, you have to pick it up and bring it to the right place. it needs a technical equipment, batteries and things like that in the home of the oro valley flood is a good example. a search there would have taken much, much longer with a robotic than a dog. one type of luck with the dog can detect his son from quite a distance ultimate and then go to the right place and pinpoint where it's coming from quite quickly. and the highest also fights. and the uncertainty was on this fence because a highly trained dogs, nose is still superior to a mechanical one. dogs have up to 300000000 all factory receptors and can smell human sweat, hormones, blood, and even people's breath, an incredibly tiny amount. miles isn't quite there. yet, right now he's learning how to beat, hoisted up with a rope and keep his cool. he also has to get used to noisy helicopters and

flying to a disaster science. the lesson plan includes every possible scenario he might and co to are on the job. now it's time for his 2nd try at the lake. a search commission on the water is one of the toughest jobs of rescue can face. it's been a century now. i have to keep a sharp eye any changes in his behavior. some are jones, his job is to interpret my low signals. she's convinced he has what it takes up. so now he's signaling straight ahead of it. and we're right over the spot where the odor with the older lawyer is indicating the correct spot. vega or that type of dispute about bingo. my little barks to report the sent the site. what was good, right? you stuck your nose all the way down close to the water. good job. the milo has shown he has what it takes, the my daughter for it's my little did a great job today. i believe was

a lot calmer before he got on the boat and on the boat to boat. often for your convenience. he's made some real progress and forth with sort of some lesson planning the patient's training at a strong bond between dog and handler. make all the difference. it's my cousin and i really like his loyalty is very focused on me. that's nice because it makes the job easier and it helps cement our bond. that the 2nd stand, i love his lively personality connect. second story. so when it comes to search and rescue missions, a dog and a human handler are still an unbeatable team. dogs are fast, precise resorts full and tenacious, and don't need electricity for internet access. robots are also getting more and more sophisticated, but they're still a long way to go before a robot knows consult smith, a k 9 line. that's all for now.

thanks for watching tomorrow today, and to join us again next week for another edition of dw site and show you that the,

the, the shift your guides to life and it digital you know, the latest online trend, navigate your way through the digital jungle. global perspective. will be you'll guide and show you what's possible really message to you coming up on the w from slave trading to smuggling. they cross people from west africa to europe. human traffic is emory,

tanya. they make fab profit because they helping the suffering country people they just modern day slave traders. in 15 minutes on d. w. we say they're about never giving up every weekend on the w. my name is the calls back said wow, thank you so much for joining in. welcome to don't hold bad. a lot of people do that. it's all about saying it aloud. next, would it be nosy bay like good everyone to kings. check out the award winning

called call. don't hold back on 6 on the inside every day the world crashes into us. i or texas really world wide to work for free part of our timeline because we can make the different w call. the world unpack pulse out of your info and all the input your b. w installed now onto the frankfurt international gateway to the best connection, solstio, road and radio. located in the heart of europe, you are connected to the world experience outstanding shopping and dining offers. antonio's services be our guest at frankfurt and bought cd managed by

from bought the the this is do you have your news on these that are top stories? germans on slow life show us has met with us presidential by them in washington to discuss as, as more of a time us as well as the war. and you can show us the sticking funding for cave and as always, for us to do more to help ukraine and it's fight against russia. the us senate remains divided under leasing more funds is there as prime minister benjamin netanyahu says he has also split a trait to develop a plan to evacuate the civilians and defeats remaining calm us forces. in rafa, mazda of god's us population, the sheltering in delphi, and need.