dillman to the q one, you have, you have a one, the front porch, please go to the spot on the on expected side. so slide the melting ice caps, torrential flooding. well, fires. climate change has already had an impact on millions of lives and on nature . like in forest research is a trying to hear what would sound like an owning well, that's much more on this week. show the thanks to join us on dw science program. welcome to tomorrow. today marcos meta and his colleagues at work, 1600 meters above sea level and the total forest preserve in switzerland, saucy,

and todd valley. the woods here haven't been managed for 50 years. the team installed recorders and sensors here last fall to record it and they record sounds in the ground and also from the air. and they measure the micro climate at the same time. that's actually the core of my a to stick ecology work. you always really need context for the sounds you record and a landscape. and context means you also measure the local climate to call the key and all the devices are concealed by weather. proof covers able to withstand rain, wind, and snow, but sometimes things still go wrong. with it, they don't get ahold of. something's not on it. probably some miles then moisture got into it for it to godaddy. com on the ground sensors record sound waves that are then amplified a 100 fold. it sounds like this little

control judy, sort of the soil you hear a wide range of sounds made by the animals that live in it, not just crawling and feeding noises, but also certain acoustic communications between animals. that's actually the most exciting thing and it makes sense natural, it's dark underground and when you can't see each other, it's communicating, acoustically is a good option. measuring bio diversity, acoustically to do so devices don't have to be assigned to specific animals. at this stage, it's mostly about detecting how much diversity soils are home to places where more and different sounds are measured or home to more species. one day the recordings could be used to create sound art, but they also provide research data barkus made or has worked for years with eco physiologist or whole month's 5 foot measures even more parameters among the moisture content and the soil. and also tree grows to do so he developed

a device called the point 10 durometer. i mean the current in the me co made we can use it to measure when the trunk expands and contracts again with micro meter precision. all the data reveals when and how much a tree grows to my office because you might think trees grow between spring and fall, but that's really not the case. growth usually only happens within 2 months and within those 2 months, only on relatively few days. and on those days, only at night. so growth actually occurs during a very limited number of hours on 12 months to the data. he records helps identify the climatic conditions under which a tree species will still grow. and when drought and heat cause it to stop growing the bomb up steel, if a tree dies our research into it, we'll hit a dead annual max. but we'd like to be able to use the setup to predict where

certain trees species are reaching their limits. and take on some stoves around 400 trees, spread across switzerland have been wired up in this way. all of them are part of a measurement network called tree net system gets dalton phone. guess some of here's yesterday's data from all over switzerland by its coal lated automatically, and maps like this. so you can see how much the trees are growing at any given moment and deployment or whether they're going better or worse. then in other years old to flash the box and all the norms on the, on the upper map indicates gross. the lower one water supply avoid united with loss of assaults and all the water supply was actually good this year. and growth, as in previous years, is very below average. the found tree growth is complex because it doesn't just depend on current conditions. we talk about what's called the legacy effect. so on

them. so what happened last year or 2 years ago can have an influence of what conditions where the trees exposed to even into years before that basically getting out to be called the job at the for so even if it has rained enough this year, freezing the network are still suffering from last year's extreme drought, but which woodlands might cope better with climate change? a natural forest left to its own devices for one managed by us humans, marcus made or wants to explore that question with his new project. today he's meeting up with forrest or daniel boy, the the to discuss which forest areas make the most sense for a comparison. in this managed forest, all trees are self to help young trees grow better. most of like you definitely can some ancient i compare it to our society. it all depends aging,

society sees more data and it's the same in the forest. the more old trees you have, the more trees will die. our goal with this particular stretch of woods is to continuously rejuvenated, to encourage a young dynamic forest that can fulfill its protective function. well, the feeling called the main protective function of this forest is to shield the road below from avalanches rock or mud slides. but of course, it also provides many more benefits bodies to, to design. and for us are good down just because they retain precipitation. and to then during dr periods, they release the water again, it goes, the soil stores a lot of it is just about can unmanaged for us. do what's needed, just as well as a managed one. this is an outside just a super full. it could be that it works great, but i could also be that it doesn't work beautiful and we actually want to manage at least that's human nature and ancient that you want to do something about it and

not leave it to chance and help. and it's us missed it to for the last 4, marcus made or to forest experiments are part of a bigger question. should this cultivated landscape maintained by humans be preserved? or should we allow the wilderness to reclaim it style by showing the sight i believe we have to move away from a human center or anthro, post centric and perspective if we want to solve our problems and dealing with the environment that lose the, the acoustic ecologist expects initial results in around 4 years. indications of whether the wooded mountain eco systems can adapt on their own. or if they will need a helping hand from humans. the trees in far is having to adjust to woman temperatures. but also many of the plants

we great for food. oh, sometimes drink in germany for instance, it's changing traditional wines to, to growing seasons, leading to ones with punchy of flavors and a higher alcohol content to lie to dry. a white wines of the past have growing harder to make because higher temperatures now cause grapes to ripen more quickly and produce more sugar. among them those made with the reasoning variety is thought to come from the countries. ryan, go reaching no originally. now research is at the university this looking at an innovative ways to provide grades with a little shade the grades being harvested here or not just any grades. they're part of a pilot project for a very special reasoning vintage a, at a vineyard attached to guys and hun university in the hind gal region of western germany . scientists are trying to find out how the fruit develops in the shade of

a 3 meter high. i agree voltage system also called an angry p v array. in addition to the shaded trial area, grapes and the control field are ripening under normal conditions. increasingly warm somers have accelerated the process. you know, if we have the laser as we have earlier harvests, so in the last couple of decades, the grapes have on average, ripened around 30 to 40 days faster than before. and these are 2 of them are going to have the warmer temperatures also change the aroma of the varieties grown here they young about. and they've thought the research involves nothing less than the future of lines, or at least of reasoning minds. and not just here in the volume gal, regions, climate impact research or county or come on has observed more frequent, extreme weather. july 2023, for example, was the hottest since measurements began in 1885 that's actually happened. we have some idea of weather wise, we had a few challenges. first we had

a very dry phase from mid may to mid june. then there was a short thunderstorm given and after that it was really hot and dry again for a long time and kind of here. so there were these gaps and precipitation slots, and everything highlighted in red temperatures. they're all significantly higher than the long term average. and yeah, they get me to come on thing. so many people underestimate how severe a climate change could be in the future. extreme weather events like heavy rain and hail followed by heat, waves and droughts will occur. more often, citizenship i felt unimportant, rid a point, but we really noticed this heating up and have to contend with extreme consequences with stuff that's never happened before. situations that are new with their phone, for example, we've never seen sunburn on the fines. people haven't gotten anything, even the semi trans spirit photo voltaic modules are designed to protect the vines from too much sun and prevent early ripening. well, they work month,

which stores the hopes. so we have on that to each one on the, on of course it was clear to me from the outset that the micro climate in particular would be altered by the protected condition of the specifically that it would be cool or under the photovoltaic system during the day, but that at night the temperature would be slightly higher due to social radiation lies to who to time. in other words, that the semi transparent modules would naturally change both the light qualities, tend intensity with intensity and then what some of the difference is caused by the altered climate of conditions. under the modules surprised the scientists. in the 1st year, you see a gas to observe that the volume is produced, more leak surface area. this is i can use and again, such as it excellent. this is actually a completely natural reaction on the part of the plan. it's actually if less light is available, they respond by increasing the amount of area used for light absorption,

so they produce larger liter. another observation was that the modules altered the distribution of water in the vineyard during and after a rainfall, apparently in favor of the thirsty vines. as the lessons of fun, if we saw that moisture in the system last much longer as would be affordable to its modules above the vines, keep the mostly drawn. then up between the modules where there's a gap, it rains in its 1st name, and after that water hits the ground, it remains there longer ride on the lift, just as of board and on the head. successful. good. spend a few days if not weeks since the last rain and in the control area, everything is dried out again and that's here. the soil is still moist and for just the project is successful. could agricultural landscapes one day disappear beneath high tech structures covered by photo voltaic or res, instead of plastic sheeting, like in southern europe, concierge finished yet in that gig,

we'll see this. there were islands of solar cells here in this area, not covering everything but islands. where of hikers know they can shelter from the scorching sun. okay, then that would be something i would find very attractive as a tourist. if i knew i could always find a patch of shade and an island of biodiversity in one where i could charge my cell phone or my bike battery. and just kinda that would also be an optional that will offline via yelton and move just kind of fine growth yielded important findings for the scientists. but now they're also curious to see what delayed ripening under the modules means for the taste and sugar content of the freshly pressed juice, or must more sunshine currently drives the sugar content of the grapes here so high that the resulting wine contains a lot of alcohol the system could bring back traditionally dry low alcohol reasonings. thank if you will, if it's the fermentation is just coming to an end. so it still has a lot of intense aromas. fiedler, you can see that the home. yeah. so yeah,

so it's that's, that's difficult. what we're trying to do with this system is to turn reasoning back into the wine. it used to be one of the called. our hypothesis is that if we achieve a delay in ripe in there, and then we'll achieve a profile, perhaps more similar to the reasoning we used to know back in the older kaden on us . that's why those debit come photo bottex and fit a culture, an opportunity to create one that's fit for the future. and to that harks back to the past of the world famous german riesling, which could otherwise some day disappear, due to climate change. with that about fines bounce technology, that's like dw signs is now on take talk. what do why do gravitational ways that that is when did people begin getting high and

laughing gas out? the drums boogie to the beads. and what's the perfect king footboard find? find the on says gets most dw science own new tick tock channel. the climate change isn't only having an impact on plans. carlos, for instance, of badly affected as well. most recent files of years old. but now environmental degradation and climate change a threatening to destroy them within the next few decades. warming waters have hit karl's hauled, now blue planets reese play a vital role in the help of many of the species. the destruction has not called effects for marine predators and pray alike. these tides, as eco systems also provide a key feed source for millions of people worldwide,

is the still time to save them. coal rates, unlike any way else on us home to mind blowing, bio diversity in the world. recession with red dots. here are they covered less than one percent of the ocean floor, but they actually support over a quarter of all marine life bill chee training animals. couple 100 culls. oh, a great deal of that magic. i'm that beautiful color to a complex co operation between organisms. how do you live in the products tissue and provide nutrients to the coal in exchange for protection? but this kind of cut team, what is on the rent from climate change, c o 2 emissions dissolved in the seas, making what is more acidic and weakening coal skeletons. and that's not shown as global temperatures, so cold re suffer through as

a more frequent and intense ocean heat waves. extreme temperatures caused the audi to produce home full chemicals. comforting the coal polyps to kick them out. this is cole bleaching way of vibrant products. 10 white from heat stress, a process that can eventually prove fatal. and global warming is already driving fast bleaching offense. today, in the eastern caribbean, the goal was to find a balance protecting culls and other eco systems while still enabling tourism and fishing, for example, in specific areas, the funds that the community was so involved in the designation the design of these areas. that is why it was so successful. there are also plenty of ways to enhance conservation methods like these take pain underwood to silence to look back fish for one slightly surprising example. and that is evidence that by protecting reese

from local stresses, marine protected areas, build resilience in the face of ocean instead of vacation and rising temperatures. so we have to have multiple strategies in it as inter marine protected areas. face is lizzie mccloud, who's global cultural research, lead at the nature conservancy, such as like lizzie, going one step further requests to help rates resist climate change by investigating how to actually toughen couple rates up. and so some of the, the strategies people are using is, are taking corals that are, we call it stress hardens. so they're better able to deal with ocean warming and actually transplanting and moving down from those areas to other areas with the hopes that they'll pass along that traits and they're all spring and help the coils in that new area of be better able to cope with warming, one way of doing this is to find naturally heap of system colors that have so 5

told what is the full on transplant them from one beef to another. and these are the only cutting edge techniques, such as using the teams hoping to not just tossing up cold rates as a whole, but also the individual calls themselves in my research and we, i'm mostly focusing on increasing the tolerance of carlos to heat. this is ecological geneticists, madeline find open matter lines, looking at a range of approaches to make colors more resistant to rising temperatures, for example, selectively breeding, to tough it out the opponent, animals all alternatively tinkering with the out the that give color them back, colors to mark for all get a live inside the carl dishes, we can take them out of the coral. and most of these can be cultures in the lap. and in the left we can increase the rate by which these, okay equals madeline. use this approach to create heat resistant hockey,

which when put back in polyps, created more heat assistant carlos. so if we combine all these approaches, is that it will we be able to save these unique eco systems from crime it change? if we implemented every tool in our toolbox today from marine protected areas, reducing pollution using some of these more active interventions, stress hardening or manipulating the genetics of corals. it will not be enough to save corey's if we do not reduce emissions that is absolutely central. the truth is that coal respond incredibly sensitive to wyoming motors in 2018 the intake of the mental panel on climate change one. but even if the well, the limits global warming until 1.5 degrees, cold res could declined by 90 percent. if temperature is increased by 2 degrees, that figure is 99 percent or higher. but the well talk by more than the even

face given emissions passed. if we don't fight to stop climate change, the fight to save cold reese is doomed. not in the distant future, but within just a few decades. couple of weeks could be the fast ecosystem entirely lost to the climate crisis. environmental decisions around the world. whether that's reducing plastic use or limiting global warming, could make all the difference for the future of develops race. even though they remain firmly anchored to the c bed, coal rece play an existential role in the development and reproduction of many migrate to re animals. have you heard about a new report from the un convention that attracts the most vulnerable migrate to reach species on land c, an s? it provides a so brain picture of the current flight of a one. and finally, if

a close to extinction, the list of species and the threat includes wall campbell's and various c tassels and also a very special migrate to re shock. this week's view, a question is, comes from ro, hey leo, g, l, and mexico. the do whale sharks migrate. the notice the gentle giant sip, the see the largest fish on the planet the they likes the womb and populate tropical and subtropical voters that we get to see them very rarely. well, shock speed, on plankton that's due to fetus. they stuck in some 6000 liters of water in our field throughout the food and expelled the accessible through with beckon's. they migrate and set to food and congregate. that particular hotspots,

one of the best known as the main glue reef of west and australia. the whale shocks migrate to every spring. when the car rolls on, an foss quantities of eggs and carl spun, attract the crew and plank 10 the molten full 100, while shocks come together on your lead for this nothing should be the natural spectacle summit trunk smoke. pleasant dice is the langley reef office. one of the best opportunities to get up close to these giant creatures which grow up to 18 meters long. maybe while shocks is so relaxed because they have the cities scan in the animal kingdom like a fingerprint. each whale shock has a unique to enough spots and stripes the

to help identify the animals. a database was created with photos taken by divers and tourists called the wilds books while shocks the fighters around the lies by specially to sign software. originally developed for the hubble telescope, adopted for the new pompous stalls in the night sky, and the markings on a whale shocked form similar patterns. the data shows that the number of whale shocks coming to length leave his credit note to the yes, i'm 2 hours, have 3 come his several times to light transmit to low researches to track individual whale sharks, migration rates. and they offer new insights into the behavior of the still relatively mysterious giant fish. they migrate much further than we long thought. the current record is held by this female while shock, software from panama,

and cross the pacific ocean, the 235 days, there was no sign of cuz you may be she been hidden away in the ocean depths before she finally returned to the surface. after a migration, more than 20000 kilometers the y if you have a special science question, send it to us as a video, text or voice mail. if we on the street on the show, we'll send you a little present as a thing to come on. just task that so for now, thank you for watching tomorrow today and to join us again next week for another edition of

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action. what about freedom of to print and freedom of expression dot ease of truth, dots march, 2nd on d, w, or the? this is the w news in days around the top stories waste and leaders of travel to keith on the 2nd anniversary of roches invasion of ukraine. they joined presidents load of music lensky at an airfield which russian forces tried to seize at the start of the war allies from the u. n. g save and expressed, sold to darcy and bound to continue the support as ukraine's forces run low on munition and weapons. the body of alex sign a volunteer. it has been given all over to his mother according to.