and security basically depends to 90 percent on the us out to call and tell commentary. thoughts april full on d w. the best as the the news advocates coming up on the program is democracy in senegal, spending the test of time for my rest and the positions vegas to postpone in presidential elections and it goes them across the has inputs to the test. but i think is about to turn around also on a program, access to clean water is becoming more difficult on the continents, due to climate change and population growth. we look at how some countries of fights in back gonna we means one community that celebrating at the safe drinking water is brought close out to hope. and from the sea wage to the tops i projected in the media ice 10 in what's flushed down the toilet is

a clean water. we'll hear how it's done and what people think about drinking their own waste. the i am eddie micah junior and you are welcome to the program. i would like to start with events and cynical, has been tested in the countries commitments to democratic principles and practices fast. the elections were cancelled by precedents, microsoft leading to protest on political unrest. this tanisha to the west african nations reputation for being one of the top stable democracies in africa. the region as experienced southern military take well this and the last 3 years of entity, although weeks delayed presidential elections were allowed to go ahead by the countries highest court still though, the positions i guess, since then a go fee of that democrats. he has been severely damaged,

but have the last few months really weak into the democratic system or hasn't made it stronger. is that even still on opposite sides for them across the on the continent will shortly get the thoughts of an expert's best fast best. they've got the house and they go got to this point. it's seen a typo, charged presidential election campaign of 2 weeks of confusion. most the voters want only one thing and that's to move forward. the country needs change. we are going to change this country on pulling di by choosing our best candidate the miles on love with the good thing to vote because we want change in our country. it's hot in synagogue. there are a lot of texas and i buy the conflict and was the want change when people and someone who would takes integrated hardwood of them. but i know that means moving

on from outgoing president mackey south. he was elected 12 years ago on the promise of widespread reforms including reducing the power of his own office. but the unrest has grown along with government disapproval, sent a goal and normally stable democracy, suddenly finding itself in turmoil. then came self decision to delay the election, racing fears he tried to hold on to power and legally, the opposition, cooling it, to constitutional cool. the result, more protests, many of the demonstrate is the same young people who broke solved to power. now, to solutions and angry, dozens were killed and hundreds more. rest date, including high profile of position need, is they, along with hundreds of prisoners, were released off to senegal was constitutional quotes intervened and put the elections back on track of the default of but the departure also mackey sell and

the release of the detainees. the, all this has been helping to reduce tensions due to a lot going to be and that means that we can move towards a peaceful election betterment that they are the unique seal busy many hoping center goals headlines will soon spell out political change while living up to the country's image as a beacon of stability into hit west africa. from that guy, a mile joined by a political analyst, chris of google day day. hello, and welcome to the program. chris. first tell us, what are the key factors that help set a goal? stay on the pop of democratic as well. first of all of the people, i think this is a great deal of credit for the collective response to what was essentially a civilian. who were you?

had the president decided unilaterally that the election wasn't going to take place because of the conditions that you've given. audrey needs the reasons, but he was essentially done without any consultation, and he need not to be decided that the initial be postponed. and the people in cynical men, women, and children, simply thought that's unacceptable that it'd be dep ways heard of impressing as well as a digital species, as well as the at the ask for i know other countries and that sort of uh, creative feedback into the international community who pressure the, the president on political institutions incentive go to respond to the so i would give the credits 1st and foremost to send it to these people before any or the, some parts of the site. it's a, it's, it's really interesting that you,

you focus on the people and as you say, due to the price out from the people, the institutions insights and a go daddy also worked to get, get to the point that we are now. now we've seen in recent years, countries like looking at fossil molly, these yeah, they've already said that from democracy to military who the people well so involved in many cases, really sharing on the military when to us the, you know, move the country from democracy to military rules, so why is this such a growing a position to them across the you think? so i would uh, push back against that characterization of the uh, well push back against democracy or rejection of democracy as 1st of all there's a great deal of pulling that actually points out that the africans, including wished for guns do support democracy when defended and of course i find

democracy if you choose to define the civilian who was covered by frequent elections and things like that. they do support that. however, the also called these that the fact that civilian elected civilian need is in recent decades and using kids have failed to delete the dividends of democracy in terms of prosperity, security. you know, social cohesion. and you know, many of these, he does have read de la chose, i've committed terrible human rights abuses, happy to go to some corruption. i know the phone, so i'll governance. so when you combine all of the domestic situation i've just described, plus the fact that many of these b does have fact by the western powers that friends on the united states, many people see, oh, there's simply no compulsion for them to defend democracy. isaac's practice, and the thing about that is that the military, many of these countries, is a very respect fitness to show each spite of each past. and secondly, more visible once a, when people feel, you know,

just started squeezing working. they were listening to an alternative promising that's, that's no, you need to west africans. so what are we saying here? then if people see them across the us, it is, is generally not 7 the needs or the interest of my job off in these most cases, young people, what, what shall be done then? well i think the what should be doing to be is generally not a question that can easily be resolved. i think part of the problem is that many of these countries, um, i essentially babies a democratic tab. so, you know, as i say when they got that dependence, many of them spent only a few years on the, you know, civilian rule before they would take, you know, by the military and countries like modern digits. i'm looking at 5. so the ministry frankly has never missed public life. the military has always government bad people and wendy pods. so god's been with us. they've been retired generals or something

like that. so base be fun. they most fundamental wisdom be young, just having to make sure that is election elections and only most with democracy. and i think that's, that's the question that has not really been upset, but the certainly since the end of the quote when many of these countries had to transition to democracy, they has comments would be an assumption that simply hold in elections. is the bar only talk democracy and time, and again, that's proven to be false, or simply really simply doing not sofa looking for oil. i know the natural resources, i'm selling them on the international market. that's all that constitutes an economy. so how much more foundational questions about how to run the society that i think needs to be as i people at elections. i simply means most, you know, trying to build a society just but that it's not. the only means that many people feel like

electronics have taken too much of the pre dominus bottom. what's most structure, other foundational issues in the society. so in my view, that needs to be much broader question about what constitutes us aside, simply more, to be honest and people within that, it shows every 4 or 5 years. what, what do you see in the near future? how often mistake should we be that african countries will stay on the path of democracy and even improve it and make it better? i personally am fairly um, optimistic or the cautious the soap. because like, as i said, you know, in the, in the segment, when you look across the board, you know, when you don't narrow in, on a couple of the countries and you look across the board, civilian democratic government, i still didn't know, you know, now it was when he gets into specific context, the some feeder agency is that, you know, decimal differential reassurance, you know, the levels of democratic participation, a competitive elections,

institutional be core. but all of these things very elected civilian government at the know. so at least that's some place to start to meet the much more important question as to what end do you practice democracy? how will democratic re deliver, you know, the benefits office to feel democratic governance because i think one thing you see, so to meet with a lot of the surveys and findings across the content is that people do support democracy. but they said as a means to why they don't see it, they chose as an into themselves. i. that's what i've seen. this is like, by the way, people feel because the democracy these projects hasn't worked. let's try something is that that's why you see this is like the share my, the up, you know, for us with the home does. i'll put you down on the, on sides with to hold it and it shows the candidates, the back would likely went. so i think that going in science basically speaking that don't wait a means of democrats seems to be a democratic who is much more important than to me if i, the hobbies, civilian is 2 shots. right. thank you very much for your time. let's go on our list,

chris. we're going what day day? i as thank you. now let's focus on one of our most precious resources. what about the lack of it in places across the continent? how do we present it? and can we make sure there was enough of it for future generations that you an estimate stuff at least 2 in every 3 people in sub saharan africa do not consistently have access to safe drinking water? yes, you had the right. that's 2 in 3 in line with that. 3 and 4 are without access to safely managed sanitation. among the facts, nations have lost about 5 percent of young girls, domestic products, gdp in the reasons. yes. but you and says that fixing the problem will be where the investment costing only one to 4 percent of g d p. from all of those. let's

bring it in. profess, craig, sorry, then he's the right to all the same time and what type of research and development at the vets university in south africa, i have a welcome to the program. say, why is it so difficult to ensure that everybody has access to enough potable water across the continent as well it's, it's a fairly complex question and it has to be considered in the context of what's happening in africa at the moment. when we think about the car rental, to like ridiculous ition systems that we see across much of the developed world. these are large expense of systems that are typically piped into people's homes. that cost a lot. they need a lot of energy to run. and you know, the rest of the world in particular has been doing this for quite a long time. part of the difficulty in africa is veronica having this huge population explosion at the moment. i'm. in fact, if you look at the projections, there's something might come out of

a to better than the africans that are about to arrive over the next to the 20 years or so. and most of them are not going to be living in formal housing, begin to be living and informal, safe comments. that's. that's part of the answer to your question, but it's a really complex question. hm. so we're planning talking about a challenge of increasing population contribution to why it's, it's quite difficult to access potable water. so then let's, let's, let's look at how to do with this, what needs to be done to address the, what the problem in lights of this challenge. so there's a number of things that we have to look at. so one of them is it certainly, any way, way we have systems that are all working where we have pipe systems of water to people. we've got to focus on maintaining the systems wherever we have systems we, we have sewage treatment. we've got to keep like doing that and not that those fonts fail because obviously storage in our rivers makes my target to access key

more to at the same time we've got to consider the sort of new and maybe even radical ways of, of providing new sources of what to you know, one of the areas that i think we need to be seriously considering is searching or economy thinking way we go to full of water reclamation. and another challenge with africa is that we have very high evaporation. so, you know, almost all the rainfall across the continent will ultimately evaporate if you haven't looked at the rates of evaporation and the, the rates of rainfall. and that's also in the context of that, it's a really big consonant. every location is eaten so he can meet the best folks solution. and this is complex and it's particularly complex when you've got lots of people moving around and being bone and not being provided home slipping necessarily. right, that kind of thing. what else that credit will get back to you after looking at how it country like gonna is trying to address? that's what's up problems that you and estimates that more than 70 percent of

guardian households at risk of drinking water that is contaminated with fecal matter. in some parts of the country, people have to travel at least 30 minutes to reach have improved sol, solved, drinking water, or mike league maxwell. soup reports that in northwest and gonna, the government is setting up the ball hose to bring war tact close out to people. a celebration for clean water. this community has just gotten a new bull hole. it will be life changing. the women have never had such pure water. almost at the doorstep. they long daily woke to a stream is all over the ceiling to see if the new off and you can step on a snake while going to fetch water from the stream. and you might end up being bitten, submit. well, but it has been a big problem in this community office for medical schools, but now that we have this before whole by our homes, that old deal is over in new,

so not like it's been many gets sick when drinking water from sophie is like streams and dams because animals also drink from these sources, the water can become polluted and lead to life threatening illnesses that are often difficult to treat is i see less than because almost all districts data for the increase in these numbers in the number of this. therefore, it's casey, so in the number of data cases and a lot of hospitals. so, so do get time for preparations where they have to do, say varies to cut the back of the intestine that is faithfully type. the ways that we look connected for children and teenagers of school age searching most often also means less education. comforts has had to miss many classes, especially during the dry season when reservoirs have shrunk. the 40.

when you come here in the morning, it is usually crowded with people waiting to fetch water. as it goes, as a school girls have got, if it is your turn to fetch, you will miss class that day. the regional governments has taken sometimes it's of steps to address the issue that has been drilling bull holes in ne, gonna what is development? what is life? so where around the, the origins of the most, i realize that the come on probably face by almost over again. and this one was what? so we decided of, let's begin with something. so we started with the $120.00 balls. has the water flows? jennifer rejoices, she is convinced she and her baby to come. now have a better future. it'll be

a month or $200.00 a month up. i will no longer be worried about the water. when i go to my farm and stuff with a gulf of fate cut down by now color nuclear, we uh, fox low getting boats. uh, in genesis community has gotten easier. not everyone in the region was being so lucky. the government will have to drill a lot mobile holes before there was enough clean water. so everybody let's bring back a guest that credit started, then director of the same type of what type of research and development at the bits universities that i forgot. thanks for staying with us. great. got us. government will have to drill a lot small ball hose to address its boards that challenges. but is that a sustainable solution anywhere? it's part of a sustainable solution. it ground water is a renewable resource. if you're in a country like on of which is quite recent in the socket might very will work to what's the most that might be problems with you,

you're becoming more into the sort of the whole area. if, if there isn't that enough, randy balls can dry and the bull how so? of a use they have a potential to dry out. there is also a risk with bull holes just because you're getting water off the ground doesn't mean it's not contaminated with either fecal matter or other forms of chemical contamination. in fact, the ground can even have other materials which might be quite toxic for you. so again, it's all about managing the risks associated with these different sources and different locations, but certainly it's part of the solution professor, correct sir. then direct office, i'm tired of what i research and development other bits university. thank you very much. there are even more innovative and sustainable ways to address what that's outages. but since you have been to look in, the media has been around in a facility that might work as a role model solution for what task as regions. but it involves drinking the water

. you flush down your toilet. what if i told you that the what had been used for these? all of these could be used for this. how to the direct potable reuse system, which works like this. the process begins by collecting your debt to water from domestic in industrial sources. the water then undergoes a rigorous multi stage treatment process that involves advance boots, ration, and disinfection, impurities, pathogens and contaminants all remove to ensure the water needs safe drinking standards. once the water is purified, it's integrated into the team water supply system. so africa, this could be a game changer. a closed loop system would reduce the need for fresh water sources, which is crucial for meeting growing population demands and come back in climate change. africa news is about 340 median use annually to pull access to clean water

and sanitation services. 5 percent of the continents g d p. the system could be a big money saver, which is potential to mitigate losses, improve health and safe time. dpr represents a sustainable approach to water management. pretty impressive, isn't that. let me be as carpets open talk is between 2 major does. it's the kind of harvey and the nominate making what are steps commodity. so the direct potable reuse. the systems is the welcome contribution to solving the problem of what to scarcity. use diane hawkeye. when to the capital, to look at how the production of the used water has become the lifeline for the residents. that communal tax slide. these are a lifeline in informal settlements like this one invented uh, total amount of the water that comes out is cheap. and for those on the receiving

end, the process seems simple or in choose. it's the product of a high take process, which many know little about right as i was to do with this, i have been living here for the last 20 years, but i don't know where the water comes from. it changes color, sometimes it is brownish, but i don't know if the water is recycled or not having that much of what she drinks comes from the hoodie on hub water. we can imagine plant process is domestic sewage to take the water out and make it clean people. to do this, the plant seems treated waste water, 2 full ration and chemical treatment processes. regular teeth are conducted in the bar g to ensure the water, ne, global stand and the, the take samples on a daily basis from different areas in. when do i test the water for

compliance, they will immediately elect us when this one or 2 samples out of space. and then we will react and see what, how serious it these and to take action. the project was the 1st of its kind in the world and 1st started decades ago in the sixty's when the resources, water resources was about to, to run dry and to the municipality of the time decided there's only one uh, solution to that. and that is to reclaim your domestic suicide. treat it to a portable senate entity uses. the current plant has been in operation since 2002 and supplies between 15 and 25 percent of the tons,

overall water. it is also served as a model for other countries and to come to a plant to learn more about the process. therefore, i say just clean enough and that's how we wrap it up from all of our stories. go to dw, comes as africa, or visit us on social media platforms will leave you with pictures from the 13th african games and gonna, as that leads competes, also pretty much i, eddie micah, julia see you next time, bye for now. the

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