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let's head to the northern states. so how do i know where a tech solution is really helping the farm was? drones are now monitoring blonde growth and also detecting diseases and best investigations. these drones have made the application of fertilizers and pesticides far more efficient. why also protecting the, sorry, it has formulas onto keeping economic benefits, but here in this case, this technology also has a social impact. more ne, is the only he's agent and heidi on a state. and that's what i'm the cut on. it's her days begin early. so she can finish for cho was in the morning and then she had still cosmetics toward the 2 runs, which also doubles up as the village, drones into or because the only woman in the district was authorized to fly a drone. the villages now called her drawn d b, a drawing system. the said this happened because of

a says hip group. i'm the guy is one of more than 10000 women across google, india who are being cleaned as of june pilots for the funding sector. the central government initiative was launched in march 2024. the program is being hated. does it ever use 3 women at the forefront today? i'm because visiting a we team where day which labor does normally carry out the tasks that hold drone will take off of these can include monitoring fields, spring pesticides, and sometimes sewing seeds. she charges up to $200.00 rupees or the equivalent of 3 rows per acre. the bottom, it's very difficult to work in the mountains. i have 4 and a half acres of farm land and it's stuff for even 2 people to manage the spring together on board and we didn't put them in or not, but they but it was completely very in the book. the slot with um the gotcha day to test the drawing for spring pesticides. since the program is still in the pilot

phase, the services being offered to anyone who might be interested in trying it out . i have 4 and a half acres of sweetness. how much time will it take? one echo will take 15 to 20 minutes to spray. just say i've got i'm going to. it's because it's all based on the size of the psalms, it would take 90 minutes for all 4 and a half acres for beautiful. if we had done it manually, it would have taken and dialed the order and take it off. well, i would have lost 5 or 6 hours me open and put me through, so i'll pick up at what are the look by the one is only looking at upon checking, basing before the a guarantee the cost of training floodlights, of and drones are being covered by some of the largest 4th level manufacturers in the country. not everybody's happy with the development. including professional winode, camacho gave them punjab university. he believes

a program and increase the dependency on chemicals in the region which is harmful for the land and its people. gonzagos tamale's, so you do, you sort of these drones will mostly be used to speak best of slides and fungus slides, which a harmful to help the audio when finals use a tractor or a dunk for spring. they could spray under the planet drawn to recover the entire area from above. so they missed the best that tend to be hiding under the leads. that means of john, so best would be eliminated, will decrease and the use of pesticides will continue to increase the model. but then if you decrease the amount of chemicals and then they would suddenly be an explosion of the best population or i don't think i'm going to get if i welcome the population barometer. according to dr. child, see the increase dependency on chemical fluid levels and pesticides would inevitably work against the interests of the farmers. legend anything more profits for manufacturing companies?

slowly. so gradually farms realize the overall cost is increasing. there's very little chance of something like this. benefiting the fall mazda in the long run. so thought that the only beneficiaries would be the companies, so it would have been better if drones we used to spray organic flow to life of organic for the life of good had said he was the environmental and health impact. but there are still open questions. who would pay for dues for the life of well, that'd be enough for all the families who need them. in any case, the drilling program has already had some positive social impact. what's to some of you may, i hope that some people in society look negatively at a woman if she steps outside of a home. yeah, definitely that a they don't even care what kind of work she's doing. never gonna. but since i've received a drawing, the negative attitude of people has done much more positive to me, but then it wouldn't be worth it yet. let's see,

it says have groups like these plans between more women and hope and follow them. if the impact on health, the environment and on georgia is addressed, this program could be a huge support of the people who do the hard work. a funding in india a lot of our problems are no thoughts digitally from a teachers and doc though. so even yoga instructors, a lot of them are available online. what this almost could do the same with the issues that they faced on the fields and with the crops. you know, the gradient economy like india, which has or would 820000000 active internet use us hoffer phone are of from who are that is, this could be a great idea. as if appliance in the field looks unhealthy, these farms pull out the phones, take a picture, and find out right away whether the plant is diseased. the app i don't know is, is the photo and is needed, provides help with treatment plan, fix it

a little can't. it's just like a crop doctor. i it plays the same role in my life. as my personal doctor does. all you'd identifies chronic diseases and suggest treatment and prescribed medicine and treatment options. but the medicine billy, people taking a smart phone into the field alongside to her and shovel has become part of everyday life. the indian farm is the potential of digital tools in agriculture in india is huge. almost half of the population works and as a cultural set to it's very difficult for people to correctly identify disease within a kid. i. the app can do this within seconds, directly in the field. but how exactly does it work? the quote apps you will not be including the using the app is very easy when you 1st opened plastics on your android phone. next, you have to take a picture. we are taking pictures particularly after snap in the photo. it

needs to be uploaded to the app 1st identifies the crap football, upload i a valid competence and all that this data is then processed in germany by planting, which is part of the home pharmaceutical company. the found just started out of students that the university of honda is experimenting with tomatoes. this would then be central a service analyzed by the bureau network as we, as it does is called. so it's basically a model that 6 a did unique finger print off a certain disease or past and would then return the results circle drawn, doctors help the image data base to categorize pictures that it doesn't know. this is how the a lunch so that it can lights and make recommendations. symptoms by entering news, just the symptoms to diagnose the disease. there's a yellowing of the leaves starting at the margins. the am says that there is no

disease, but the potassium deficiency around a 1000000 farm is already use. the plant takes up almost exclusively in india. the apps image database contains 35000000 pictures of different clogged diseases, ensuring an accurate diagnosis. and you know, 700 different crap problems on 30 different crops, potentially not because it's just too much or to know. and it's also some kind of diagnostic that's tough for human to do. if a disease is detected, the app recommends the relevant pests assigned to uses and shows where it can be purchase. but local retailers don't always have all the products in store which can lead to farm is buying the wrong items or even fail, least has consequences. we estimate that roughly half of all the products sold in india, and probably also in other countries in the world are not suited to treat the profit

. we've tried to make, 1st of all the prescription correct. and secondly, have farmers to buy products that are from where the kids organizations where we know that the, that the, these are really good. how to the products farm is report back to harvest. since using context, sandeep sion, there was a fast reluctant to trust a guy which is livelihood is just to the bottom as i can. if i just go. but i didn't trust the app in the earlier months. but later, when i started taking pictures of the diseased prompts for the app, smart features of suggesting the right treatment to make me feel more confident. welcome. let's go for the port on the web. put them to one of them. what today is mid? this is going to say, hey, i would replace farm is know how and experience any time soon. instead, artificial intelligence is a supplement that makes working in the fields just a little bit easier than technology or do i have to be

considered policy. farmers need all the support that they can get in in deaf almost . i've been broadcasting for weeks. why not show the main reason is is rapidly declining profits and not just in the farmers across yarrow pub in front testing is what the government's i agree. policies need to align with the needs of form us because of a former, gone to operate sustainability and profitably. then our economies and our kitchens are both packed and farmers are furious. the farmers have been demonstrating all of the content from portugal to live via to romania to from the know there are so many specific rules fits and in the end we can no longer produce at a low price of on separate about people who don't think farming is a passion and we want to be able to make a living. some issues are more localized in france and germany. the dentist have focused on the reduction of diesel subsidies. farmers in greece are still reeling from floods in 2023 and are also demanding foster compensation for damage from

natural disasters in hungary and poland. farmers complain about imports of cheap grain from ukraine, since russia's invasion use waved terrace on a ukrainian grain and produced as a measure of support after russia block to major ukraine ports in the black sea. but whether it's diesel subsidies for damages or green imports, there's a common thread running through all the protests. farmers feel left alone and overlooked by their government. and if we use it a cold hard numbers, this might well be true. it's just a fact that over time agriculture tends to shrink relative to other sectors of the economy. stuff on common, top it out as an economist whose research analyzes agricultural policies. he's been a consultant to the world bank and several national governments. this is because g d, p growth becomes more and more concentrated on industrial goods and especially services . overtime european farms are dying out, decreasing by roughly a 3rd since 2005. so 8700000 people worked in european agriculture in 2020. and that doesn't include seasonal workers who often labor under precarious conditions

in europe, in the us. the farming population has shown elevated suicide rates. being a farmer as not only having the job as a file, but really are giving, giving all in my to you from my a is a as an agricultural economist who researches the social side of the sample for it . systems farmers, suicide rates in india, the world's most populous nation, are dire. in 2022, at least 30 farmers took their own lives every day. and we can look again to their shrinking roles. agriculture here. the lead has springs significant, you know, reduce the one leader on the in $1415.00, both end of the video versus job as an agricultural economist to india, as institute for economic growth. purchasers gathering and the bread basket, northern instead of punjab, once the government to guarantee a minimum price for all their cost. so whether it's india or europe farmer, you're struggling or losing relevance in our economic system. and it shows the ways in which the system is stacked against on the well across the value chain is not

distributed enough. fairly men even even off is the political secretary of a federation. the advocates for european farmers and farm workers, dance and deep thoughts. manufacturers of good things, like the biggest share of the volume, which is produced in the marketing for some sector and bottom of some sort of on what goods which are like in the bottom of the book divided with chains in europe. there's a pretty easy target for all that pent up in newer that you commission and brussels . the payments are calculated based solely on how big of the farm is. the link itself, the subsidies to the phone. the land is one of the biggest problems because it gives the favor to the ways of production definitely want to change. this means the policy of rewards industrial farms which tend to be mon, or cultural corporations. most european funds are small, however,

2 thirds of less than 5 hector's and almost all of those are family firms with an aging populations. as of all that weren't complex enough already. under climate goals, europe has lost the plans to become the 1st climate neutral con, by 2050 agriculture is responsible for more than 10 percent of total e u. greenhouse gas emissions relative to the size or the overall economic importance of the sector. it produces disproportionately a large share of greenhouse gases. so what did the european commission do? make a green deal along with the farm to forks, strategy within a, this policy trust to make fruit systems more sustainable. and this is where we start running into tensions. farmers of revolted against greendale policies like phasing our diesel subsidies, reducing fertilizer and pesticide use, and setting aside land for bio diversity. they say the rules don't compensate them for the income loss, and that farmers are taken to bigger share of the responsibility. so is there something about all of this the just isn't working a lot. the problem with the policy is that it is a bit gets a frantic. um,

if it's meant to be income support, then you think, you know, we should be targeting smaller firms with low income, more and not the big farms. the question is whether it's redesigned to be income support in the 1st place because of the purpose of the policy is for environmental welfare. well then, big firm should be getting more payments because a big farm is affecting the environment on a much larger number of factors. so the main problem, at least from my perspective as, as a policy analysis, is that, um, that the policy is not certainly clear what the main priority is. you're trying to pursue to different goals with one policy and with one tool. and that's not really effective. so far the european commission has back peddled on some of its policies because of the protests for instruct its fuel subsidy cost and the scrap the plan to reduce pesticides. as for ukraine, the european commission will extend its transport deal until 2025,

but other than measure to prevent too many ukrainian products being sold in each states. but all of this might just be popping painkillers for long term solutions. a bigger shift in policy would be needed to help farmers and address climate change . one solution could be to focus the policies around the environmental aspects of a feed system, not subsidies. income supporters in the european union, a national policy priority, the social policies or national priorities that shouldn't be coming from brussels. it would then be up to the individual member states to support their farmers. they would have more flexibility in shaping their subsidies, which could support smaller farms and create incentives and financial support for more ecological practices. changing the food system, of course, implicates me. you, the consumer breakdown the you, the environmental costs simply isn't priced enough into our purchases. raising those prices would be necessary. and in turn, change or consumption habits for farmers and india. price controls look necessary, given that roughly 50 percent of the countries workforce is in agriculture,

in the long run. differently, develop a few more stuff from government. zooming out, maybe a healthy dose of reality is needed and thinking about climate change and the struggles of agriculture. agriculture is a sector that's probably never going to be completely climate neutral. that's the, you know, but the nature of things that said i'm, we're talking about food, which is a necessity at the end of the day. farmers, other ones providing our food, their anger's understandable. second, a, i have really made things simpler, follows in many ways. but dec cannot predict or control everything like 7 allowed to the events, including what you can and get options that can have a major negative impact on agriculture. let's take a journey back 200 years to a while you can, or that's to fascinate scientists. what do you can, which is surrounded by the local stables of evil spirits across from time to time,

the volcano, we mix large plumes of steam and distill on it. today, tom, florida, on the indonesian island of some of our may be largely quiet. but in the year 1815, it's a russian was so powerful. it was her 2000 kilometers away. the rupture of 1815 deposited millions of cubic meters. volcanic material on some of our island by law i'm going to say it's believed 90. 2000 people died and all 40000 straight away by proving that i didn't miss it the day we have these beautiful scenery once a month and we can see what happened in a 1015 here upon nothing about so simple to be a rupture and was the most powerful in recorded history and event with dramatic

consequences worldwide. climate data confirms that global temperatures cooled by one to 2 degrees with sunlight locked out by particles, released into the at the i q. yeah. so the by 100 and those aerosols have a cooling effect on the earth. done by now crops fail thing going to be not that many animals can't find enough food. and so what are we going to say uh, but the reason that the energy released was equivalent to 6 and a half a 1000000 times that of the bombs dropped on hiroshima a disaster from many agrarian societies of the time in parts of asia, the monsoon rings were disrupted, leading to drought while in europe, the cold and rain destroyed prompts and caused the widespread salmon disease and economic turmoil. the crisis made its mark on artists and writers. it's believed to

have inspired mary shelley's novel frankenstein paintings like this one by german artist caspar, garbage street, which captured the striking skies and the glue that shrouded the or the unprecedented catastrophe. fuel creativity across the continent. indonesia is situated on the pacific ring of fire mountain bore on some of our is just one of more than a 100 active volcanoes. there this called deborah is also a legacy of the $1815.00, a rupture. today the area around mount time, laura is a national park. it takes 2 days to reach the edge of the crater. for many people in indonesia, volcanoes have spiritual significance. sweet spot from this timely filing. witness that 1st half, 1847. take time to temple or intend the depiction of the rupture and of the year 1815. in this pamphlet,

he described local people warrant him against climbing the volcano. wherever you set foot and fire a reps from the ground, people spirits inhabit the mountain and those who want only to ascend in that region of kelly spear it's are fated to suffer storms, tempest and certain perdition. the i've been yeah. the word come bora comes from the word and bora. bora means to disappear in indonesian who lives with a time friend of a. as in tom bora, it means inviting them to disappear. to me, i think on one i'd like to disappear. not even here long. nowadays people know a lot more about the adoption of the volcano than they did back then, geologist, climate scientist and even social scientists are all interested in the global effects of that huge natural disaster in europe. it led to a year without summer and assets of the rupture and cut 10 boar in half

the battery, but not but at the number of vulcan ologist believe or subscribe to the theory that the summit of mount 10 bora, i'm authorized, 4000 meters above sea level one met that battery allowed and because of the 1015 a rupture and it was essentially cut and a half ago. and what remains is only 2800 meters above sea level. what about this? again, my thought of that one more time allows the night sky on, our ascent was peaceful. nothing like the evening of april 5th, 1815 when the 1st pillar of fire luminated the night. the inferno lasted 7 days. mountain boar is what is called a strato volcano. it was formed in many geological layers and as of steep narrow cone, so could interrupt again one day. over the past 20 years,

the region seen many periods of increase seismic activity, small tremors and the ground that these are moving out of 127 active volcanoes in indonesia, almost 80 percent of them are between 70 and 80 percent of them have an observatory station i kind of have to, we don't, we even have one volcano monitored by 3 observatory stations. i'm up. each station has a size mcgrath up, since they have seismic wraps and binoculars. they measured the wind direction and the temperature in simple that they have their him a couple of sensors to measure the temperature of humor, rolls and salt the target was and so forth. we might also, i thought, is bugging. but why was the impact of the drug production of $1815.00 so far reaching so, but kind of low the level sonya a little bit when a volcanic eruption injects action of what the task and gas is into the atmosphere, i've gotten into the stratosphere. so by that all you haven't for the, for a soul fate. aerosols, or which the earth's rotation helps spread around below the bubbles in 18. 47. when

he was telling a, arrived back safely from his ascent, his return was seen as a good omen. it was thought the curse had been lifted and the evil spirits banished the hope was that the disaster of 1815 would never come again. the celebratory gun fire excell stations and singing went on until dawn. but in 1967 there wasn't another erection. it was much smaller though, and didn't have the disastrous global impact that the one a century and a half earlier had are there any such solutions that you are seeing around you? do let us know you can email also or reach out to me directly on my social media handles. i will see you next week until then take care goodbye. thomas gosh, the

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. this is needed where you use life from the land. the person dies on a passenger jet during severe turbulence at $11000.00 maces. it happened on a fly from london to singapore, according to reports, so he, other people were injured. we'll get you those license. the german foreign ministers in ukraine and elaina band. both visits of power plants heavily damaged by russian resolves and calls for more air defenses to protect you. creating an infrastructure at around holds funeral services for president abraham. right. you see and other officials we've died in a helicopter crash on sunday. we discussed ways.