duration and everything in between moses video and audio production by d w. i hope that you will tune in the fall most responsibilities to feed over a 1000000 people across the globe. and in and ever changing was this is not an easy task. hello and welcome. i'm sorry you got the body and you all watching equally into the matters between deck and tradition is what follows need across the group that shows us ways to deal with the new challenges in a world where everything is changing, the environment, rather backgrounds, and even economies why traditional knowledge and varieties show us how to withstand these challenges. i'm speaking of more than advert back,

let's head to the northern states. so how do you all know where a text solution is really helping the find was? drones are now monitoring blonde growth and also detecting diseases invest investigations. these drones have made the application of fertilizers and pesticides far more efficient. why also protecting the soil health formulas onto keeping economic benefits, but here in this case, this technology also has a social impact. the more knee is the only he's agent and how do you on the state. and that's what i'm the cut on on. it's her days begin early so she can finish her . cho was in the morning and then she had still cosmetic store that she runs, which also doubles up as the village drones into or because the only woman in the district was authorized to fly a drone. the village has not called her drawn d d, a drawing system. so you said this happened because those head group,

i'm the guy is one of more than 10000 women across school india who are being cleaned as of june pilots for the funding sector. the central government initiative was launched in march 2024. the program is being held as evolutionary and women at the forefront today. um, because visiting a we teamed with daily wage labor as normally carry out the tasks that her drone will take over. these can include monitoring fields, spring pesticides, and sometimes sewing seeds. she charges up to $200.00 rupees or the equivalent of 3 rows per eco. the bottom, it's very difficult to work in the mountains. i have 4 and a half acres of farm land and it's stuff for even 2 people to manage the spring together. who bought me, they were not good, but they pretty much cover the video and the book dislodge with um the gotcha day

to test the drawing for spring pesticides. since the program is still in the pilot phase, the services being offered to anyone who might be interested in trying it out . i have 4 and a half acres of wheat as how much time will it take. one echo will take 15 to 20 minutes to spray. just say i gotta, i'm going to college are based on the size of the psalms. it would take 90 minutes for all 4 and a half acres for beautiful. if we had done it manually, it would have taken an entire d hour and take it off. well, i would have lost 5 or 6 hours me open and put it up there to make this, i'll pick up the if i'm looking at a pon segmentation before the a guarantee the cost of training floodlights, those and drones are being covered by some of the largest foot laser manufacturers in the country. not everybody's happy with the development. including

professional winode, camacho that evening punjab university. he believes a program to increase the dependency on chemicals in the region, which is harmful for the land and its people consolidate tamales. so you'd have sort of these drones will mostly be used to speak best of slides and fungus slides, which a harmful to help those earlier when finals use attract the or the dunk for spring . they could spray under the planet. drones would cover the entire area from above, so they missed the best that tend to be hiding under the leads that that would hold . that means of john, so best would be eliminated, will decrease on film and the use of pesticides will continue to increase the model . but then if you decrease the amount of chemicals and well, they would suddenly be an explosion of the best population. or i don't think i'm going to get if i, well, for the population barometer. according to dr. child, see the increase dependency on chemical fertilizers and pesticides would inevitably work against the interests of the farmers. legend, anything more profits for manufacturing companies slowly kinda so gradually

farmers those realize the overall costs design increasing. there's very little chance of something like this. benefiting the farm us in the long run. so talk to the only beneficiaries we'd be the company. so for some it would have been better if drones we used to spray organic flow to life of organic floodlights of good had said he was the environmental and health impact. but there are still open questions . who would pay for those for the life of? well, that'd be enough for all the families who need them. in any case, the june program has already had some positive social impact, of course to somebody who may, i hope there's some people in society look negatively other woman. if she steps outside of a home, got good news that a they don't even care what kind of work she's doing, never gone. but since i've received a drawing, the negative attitude of people has done much more positive to me, but then it wouldn't be worth it. yeah, he yeah,

let's see. it says have groups like these plans to train more women and help and follow them if the impact on health, the environment and on jobs has addressed this program could be a huge support of the people who do the hard work. a funding in india or a lot of hard problems. i know slugs digitally from a teachers and dock though. so even yoga instructors, a lot of them are available online. what this almost could do the same with the issues that they face on the fields and with the crops. you know, the gradient economy like india, which has all, would it 20000000 active internet use us hoffer phone are of, from who are that is, this could be a great idea. if appliance in the field looks unhealthy, these farms pull out the phones, take a picture and find out right away whether the plant is diseased. the app i don't

know is, is the photo and is needed, provides help with treatment plan, fix it. i'm look, rented just like a crop doctor i it plays the same role in my life as my personal doctor does. it identifies chronic diseases and suggests treatment and prescribed medicine and treatment options. when the medicine billy sleep on taking a smart phone into the field alongside to her and shovel has become part of everyday life. the indian farm is the potential of digital tools in agriculture. in india is huge. almost half of the population works in the agriculture set to it's very difficult for people to correctly identify disease within a kid. i. the app can do this within seconds, directly in the field. but how exactly does it work? the quote that you will not be including the using the app is very easy when you 1st opened plastics on your android phone. next, you have to take a picture. we are taking picture up particularly after snap in the photo. it

needs to be uploaded to the app 1st identifies the crap football, upload i a valid competence and all that this data is then processed in germany by planting, which is part of the home pharmaceutical company. the phone just started out is students that the university of honda is a experimenting with tomatoes. this would then be central a service analyzed by the bureau network as we, as it does, it's called. so it's basically a model that 6 a did unique finger print off a certain disease or past and would then return the results. so cool, non doctors help the image data base to categorize pictures that it doesn't know. this is how the a lunch so that it can lead to make recommendations. symptoms by entering news, it is the symptoms to diagnose the disease. there's a yellowing of the leaves starting at the margins. the i'm says that there is no

disease, but the potassium deficiency around a 1000000 farm is already use. the plant takes up almost exclusively in india. the apps image database contains 35000000 pictures of different clogged diseases, ensuring an accurate diagnosis. you know, 700 different crap problems on 30 different crops, potentially not because it's just too much to, to know. and it's also some kind of diagnostic that's tough for human to do. if a disease is detected, the app recommends the relevant tests assigned to uses and shows where it can be purchase. but local retailers don't always have all the products in store which can lead to farm is buying the wrong items or even fakes. this has consequences. we estimate that roughly half of all the product sold in india, and probably also in other countries in the world are not suited for $3.00 to $4.00

. we've tried to make 1st of all the prescription correct, and secondly, have farmers to buy products that are from where reputed organizations where we know that the, the, these are really goods household products farmers report back to harvest since using context sandeep sion, there was a fast reluctant to trust a guy which is livelihood is just sort of showed them at the bottom as i can if i didn't trust the app in the earlier months. but later, when i start taking pictures of the diseased prompts for the apps mark, features of suggesting the right treatment made me feel more confident. welcome. let's go for the look for the one of them. what today is mid? this is going to say, hey, i would replace palm is know how and experience any time soon. instead, artificial intelligence is a supplement that makes working in the fields just a little bit easier. the,

the via technology automatically goes to the policy. farmers need all the support that they can get in in deaf almost. i've been broadcasting for weeks. why not show the main reason is is rapidly declining profits and not just in the fall most across yarborough pub in front testing is what the government's agree. policies need to align with the needs of form us because as a former, gone to operate sustainability and profitably, then our economies and our kitchens are both. second, farmers are furious. the farmers have been demonstrating all of the content from portugal to lobby a to remain, you know, to, from the know there are so many specific rules fits. and in the end, we can no longer produce at a low price of on separate about people who don't think farming is a passion and we want to be able to make a living. some issues are more localized in france and germany. the dentist have focused on the reduction of diesels subsidies. farmers in greece are still reeling

from floods in 2023 and are also demanding foster compensation for damage from natural disasters in hungary and poland. farmers complain about imports of cheap grain from ukraine. since russia's invasion use waived tariff funding, ukrainian grain and produced as a measure of support after russia blocked to major ukrainian ports in the boxy but whether it's diesel subsidies for damages or green imports. there's a common thread running through all the protests. farmers feel left alone and overlooked by their government. and if we looked at a cold hard numbers, this might well be true. it's just a fact that over time, agriculture tends to shrink relative to other sectors of the economy. stuff on some common top it out as an economist whose research analyzes agricultural policies. he's been a consultant to the world bank and several national governments. this is because g d, p growth becomes more and more concentrated on industrial goods and especially services . overtime european farms are dying out, decreasing by roughly a 3rd since 2005. still a point 7000000 people worked in european agriculture in 2020. and that doesn't

include seasonal workers who often labor under precarious conditions in europe in the us. the farming population has shown elevated suicide rates, being a farmer as not only having the job as a file, but really or giving, giving haul in. my tooth on my a has a, is an agricultural economist who researches the social side of sustainable food systems. farmers, suicide rates in india, the world's most populous nation, are dire. in 2022, at least 30 farmers took their own lives every day. and we can look again to their shrinking roles. agriculture here. the lead has spring significance, you know, reduce the one leader on the importing 15 percent of the the countries versus jobs and agricultural economists to india as institute for economic growth purchasers gathering in the breadbasket northern instead of punjab. want the government to guarantee a minimum price for all their cost. so whether it's india or europe farmer, you're struggling or losing relevance in our economic system. and it shows the ways

in which the system is stacked against on the well across the value chain is not distributed enough. fairly met, not even even on is the political secretary of a federation. the advocates for european farmers and farm workers for the day. and that's in the thoughts manufacturers of good things, like the biggest share off the volume, which is produced in the marketing for some sector and bottom of some sort of on what goods which are like in the bottom of the book, this probably would change in europe there's a pretty easy target for all that pent up in newer that you commission and brussels . the payments are calculated based solely on how big of the farm is. the link itself, the subsidies to the phone. the land is one of the biggest problems because it gives the favor to the ways of production that we want to change. this means the policy of rewards industrial farms which tend to be mon, or cultural corporations. most european funds are small, however,

2 thirds of less than 5 hector's and almost all of those are family firms with an aging populations. as of all that weren't complex enough already, under climate goals, your, it has lofty plans to become the 1st climate neutral con them by 2050 agriculture is responsible for more than 10 percent of total e, greenhouse gas emissions a relative to the size or the overall economic importance of the sector, it produces disproportionately a large share of greenhouse gases. so what are the european commission to make a green deal along with the firm to fork strategy within a? this policy tries to make food systems more sustainable. and this is where we start running into the tensions. farmers of revolted against greendale policies like phasing our diesel subsidies, reducing fertilizer and pesticide use, and setting aside land for bio diversity. they say the rules don't compensate them for the income loss, and the farmers are taken to bigger share of the responsibility. so it was there something about all of this the just isn't working

a lot. but the problem with the policy is that it is a bit gets a frantic. um, if it's meant to be income support, then you think, you know, we should be targeting smaller firms with low income, more and not the big farms. the question is whether it's really designed to be income support in the 1st place because of the purpose of the policy is for environmental welfare. well then, big firm should be getting more payments because a big farm is affecting in the environment on a much larger number of factors. so the main problem, at least from my perspective as, as a policy analysis, is that, that the policy is not sorry, clear what the main priority is. you're trying to pursue to different goals with one policy and with one tool. and that's not really effective. so far the european commission has back pedals on some of its policies because of the protests for instruct its fuel subsidy cost and the scrap the plan to reduce pesticides. as for

ukraine, the european commission will extend its transport till until 2025, but other than measure to prevent too many ukrainian products being sold in the states. but all of this might just be popping painkillers for long term solutions. a bigger shift in policy would be needed to help farmers and address climate change . one solution could be to focus the policies around the environmental aspects of a feed system, not subsidies. income support is in the european union, a national policy priority. the social policies or national priorities that shouldn't be coming from brussels. it would then be up to the individual member states to support their farmers. they would have more flexibility in shaping their subsidies, which could support smaller firms and create incentives and financial support for more ecological practices. changing the food system, of course, and pates me, you the consumer breakdown the, the environmental costs simply isn't priced enough into our purchases. raising those prices would be necessary. and in turn, change or consumption habits are for farmers and india. price controls look

necessary given that roughly 50 percent of the countries workforce as an agriculture and the long run. differentially develop uh the most of the deep from government. zooming out, maybe a healthy dose of reality is needed and thinking about climate change and the struggles of agriculture. agriculture is a sector that's probably never going to be completely climate neutral. that's the, you know, but the nature of things that said i'm, we're talking about food, which is a necessity at the end of the day. farmers, other ones providing are food, their anger's understandable. that can a, i have really made things simpler for farmers in many ways. but tech can not predict or control everything like several actual events, including what you can. a good option is that can have a major negative impact on agriculture. let's take a journey back to 100 years to a while you can, or that's to fascinate scientists. what it can, which is surrounded by fuel cause tables of evil spirits,

amick us. from time to time, the volcano, we mix large plumes of steam and distill monitored get a time for on the indonesian island. some of our may be largely quiet, but in the year 1815, it's a rupture and was so powerful. it was her 2000 kilometers away. the rupture of 1815 deposited millions of cubic meters. volcanic material on some of our island by law . i'm going to say it's believed 92000 people died and all 40000 straight away. but what will be the, the, that it, and it's a judy we have these beautiful scenery with the money and we can see what happened in a $1015.00 here upon nothing about so then for the video ruptured was the most powerful in recorded history and event with dramatic consequences worldwide,

climate data confirms that global temperatures cooled by one to 2 degrees with sunlight locked out by particles, released into the, at the. yeah, so the by 100 and so they're a saw is have a cooling effect on the earth. done by now, crops fail, thing going to be not that many animals can't find enough food. and so what do we have to say that? but the reason that the energy released was equivalent to 6 and a half a 1000000 times that of the bombs dropped on hiroshima a disaster from many agrarian societies of the time in parts of asia, the monsoon rings were disrupted leading to drought. while in europe, the cold and rain destroyed prompts and caused the widespread salmon disease and economic turmoil. the crisis made its mark on artists and writers. it's believed to

have inspired mary shelley's novel frankenstein paintings like this one by german artists aspect of a treat which captured the striking skies and the glue that shrouded the are the unprecedented catastrophe. fuel creativity across the continent. indonesia is situated on the pacific ring of fire mountain bore on some of our is just one of more than a 100 active volcanoes. there this called deborah is also a legacy of the $1815.00, a rupture. today the area around mount time, laura is a national park. it takes 2 days to reach the edge of the crater. for many people in indonesia, volcanoes have spiritual significance. sweet spot from ms. timely filing, a witness that 1st half, $1847.00 peak times 10 for or i intend the depiction to be a rupture of the year. 1815. in this pamphlet,

he described local people warrant him against finding the volcano. wherever you set foot fire a reps from the ground people spirits inhabit the mountains and those who want only to ascend in that region of haley. spirits are fated to suffer. storms tempest and certain. perdition. the admin. yeah. the word come bora comes from the word and bora. bora means to disappear in indonesian who lives with that time in front of it . as in tom bora, it means inviting them to disappear. to me, i think on one that likes to disappear. not anyone who likes nowadays, people know a lot more about the a rupture of the volcano than they did backs in geologist, climate, scientists and even social scientists are all interested in the global effects of that huge natural disaster in europe. it led to a year without summer and assets of the rupture and cut 10 boar in half

the battery, but not but at the number of elkin ologist believe or subscribe to the theory that the summit of mountain bore. i'm authorized. 4000 meters above sea level one met that a battery, but i'm not allowed. and because of the $1015.00 a rupture and it was essentially cutting the half ago and what remains is only 2800 meters above the sea level. and what about this? again, my thought on that one more time allows the night sky on, our ascent was peaceful. nothing like the evening of april 5th, 1815 when the 1st pillar of fire illuminate the night. the inferno lasted 7 days. mountain boar is what is called a strato volcano. it was formed in many geological layers and has a steep, narrow cone. so could interrupt again one day. over the past 20 years,

the region seen many periods of increase seismic activity, small tremors and the ground that these are moving out of 127 active volcanoes in indonesia, almost 80 percent of them are between 70 and 80 percent of them have an observatory station kind of, we even have one volcano monitored by 3 observatory stations. i'm up. each station has a size mcgrath up since they have the size of the graphs and binoculars that they measured the wind direction and the temperature in simple that they have their him a couple of sensors to measure the temperature of humor rolls and sold the target list and so forth, we might also, i thought, is making but why was the impact of the drug can corruption of 18. 15 so far reaching so, but kind of low the level suddenly a little bit when a volcanic eruption injects, actually on up, what does it and gas is into the atmosphere? i've gotten into the stratosphere. so by that all you have in for the, for a sulfate aerosols, or which the earth's rotation helps spread around the globe. the bubbles in 1847

when he was telling us, arrived back safely from his ascent. his return was seen as a good omen. it was thought the curse had been lifted and the evil spirits banished the hope was that the disaster of 1815 would never come again. the celebratory gun fire ex stations and singing went on until dawn. but in 1967 there wasn't another erection. it was much smaller though, and didn't have the disastrous global impact that the one a century and a half earlier had. or are there any such solutions that you are seeing around you do let us know you can email also or reach out to me directly on my social media handles. i will see you next week until then take care goodbye. dumbest gosh. the

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hello and welcome to ask the w on youtube. i'm so gale and this is a show where your questions take center stage. today it's all about the recent death of uranium present abraham, right? you see in a helicopter crash and how this is likely to impact iran and the middle east. tiny bites. take your questions and comments and a couple of minutes is come around. my team is a senior electra and international politics at the university of sussex and the okay, well, huge crowds gathered into her on today for president rice. he's a funeral procession along with the rounds foreign minister. he and several others were killed on sunday in a helicopter crash the of the board with as a by john remaining. and he says it's investigating the.