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bugs. some of the most well loved creatures on us. but as humans cost the planet to change as an increasingly rapid speed. but it's being forced to adopt them to cope with great new threats than ever before. such as changing habits, motion, climates, and dangerous new nathan. the badge for the survival, scientists are on covering the different ways in which which they are adopting

the we discover in the 3rd, even more incredible than we have a st possible in the the this is hell go live smooth archipelago. off the nordstrom coast. it's going to reputation to being one of the most spectacular places to witness but migration a so many, but to use it as a stop as a site to refuel on the drums. it's also home to one of the oldest, one of the large groups of the prison, the work talk to your can dear. so works with the institute for avian. we're searching wilhelm. so he's part of a team studying the but populations here and have

a lot of this is the land has a very long history of keeping on it the logical records i'm going small on. it began with a painter who move to have a good land in the 1840s, fell in love and then spent most of his life here. and i'm leaving you began keeping methodical records of the bird lockers and also published them in a book until fair. that's why we know so much about local bird life in the 19th century that we've agreed before with a few and not even going that far. but the real scientific records began in the 19 sixty's. when the data became standardized, recordings were taken 7 times a day every day. and that tradition has continued to the present. yeah, we have the world oldest data collection with standardized catches and can draw conclusions from that to see. we know how populations have evolved and above all, how migratory periods have developed in the wake of climate change with the theme

of under the yoke and on to his colleagues. use what's known as hell. good trumps shut the didn't budge. the glands here into a fun says that they can be called safely. the once they have been collected, information about them is recorded, such as body weight, of waiting for the fish to blowing on the feathers reveals the birds front of the muscle composition good indicator of general health. they know exactly which spaces have been course and home and either on this information can then be compared to historical records. to

understand the changes over time, the successors they've noticed the long distance migrants are in trouble and the facing steep declines. the exact reason for this is on the road, but it still to be because of global habitats, destruction and lots of insects. ready unimportant appraisals from many bugs. for the loss of migrants. isn't there only finding or y'all can and his team have also discovered that black cops migrating more than 3 weeks earlier than they did 60 years ago. these small was typically migrate sauce to the southern mediterranean and africa during winter to reach a warmer climate with more sources. doctor joseph williams is studying the

navigation here on hill good land. resources tracking data shows no need to black gaps, migrate totally. but the direction of the migration has also changed the reasons, but it's mike, right, is because they want to get to a place with a more clements climate. but recently, and by recently, i mean within half a century, if now really and boats are stats and some like, right, no specific needs of the united kingdom. previously, those who migrated north would perish in the cooler conditions. but now many who choose this route surviving. it in question was the verses in response to the fact that it's just not as cold in the north as it used to be. and also the impressed and people really like feeding the birds. and so actually like cods hofstadter to use both feet is come square if it is in the winter. and this is even the thoughts

feelings to why they are so successful. and in going, yeah, in some instances precisely the wrong direction. it's not just black cops who seem to have successfully adapted to main package here on how good land there was a 7 c, but that has also great clips beneficiary. the again, it's for us to begin reading on how good land and 1991 and their numbers have increased steadily. sensors, tired of the growth, the idea that and not even on spring numbers kind of counts for and it actually ends on the need to know some growth could be explained by other than it's being attracted to the colonies. but the species is also extending its range generally, which means it's doing quite well in the current conditions in the north sea. we didn't get fighting with the north clark, the safe,

such as hiring and macro some of the gun. it's favored to praise bases on to being pushed further and further north, but this woman st. temperatures. so perhaps this is helpful is janet population again is phenomenal ability to dive. also allows them to access a greater variety of fish, some of the c bucks, but not every but i'm so easily adapt to the challenges of climate change community that's about sophia and contrasts again and getting wakes and film or as have declined. charlotte and one reason might be because they search for food on the surface and have difficulty accessing fish from on the number of alpha. but we also observed during the particularly hot summer of 2018, that adult kitty wake simply abandoned their nests and their rags. it was really hot on the glitter, temperatures climbed as high as 52 degrees celsius documenting that was clearly too

hot. i felt as if the adult birds were still in the area, but they've left their nests and buffalo, the oddly. the casey weight, such as one's pieces of thousands across the world, the decreasing and number, the swamp workings most iconic spaces. the sky now is famous for its rich and interest good. so the smooth ground is nothing but often chooses to raise tricks on crossman and farm. historically, the lack of clear so cox and crosses has allowed them to access the grounds to nest and to keep an eye out for predators.

with the intensification of agriculture is habitat is becoming a dangerous one. the wide spread change from spring to or some sudden serials has increased. the density of crow pushing sky locks to nest near tractor tram lines, making them vulnerable to crumpling. predators is pesticides and we'd colors are sprayed. more and more on crops, insects. an important part of the food source are also being diminished. and so in europe, nearly 70000000 individuals have been lost since 1919. and the numbers still continue to full. the professor amanda room and her colleagues at the corner elaborate bonus,

ology in north america. as i'm covered and even more devastating to decline in north america, we have lost 3000000000 periods from the reading population. that's nearly 30 percent of birds or one in 3, or is that have been lost to just in my lifetime allowed. so since 1970, we're seeing these, the clients that are viewing spanning almost all habitat and almost all groups of species and no longer restricted to just to be safe that we might of, you know, already been thinking of as requiring conservation attention. instead, we're now seeing some of our greatest declines in space. these that are funding that are common in wide spread. the declines that we've documented here in north america are in no way unique. but there have been studies that have been coming out around the world that are documenting. you're comfortable? declines. so it's, it really was a wake up call, i think for

a lot of the conservation community here. but supervisor law says what's known as ecosystem services. they disperse seems holding a cons keep insect population such as birds decline, so to well, these vital services if an environmental conditions are not sufficient, not healthy enough to support birds. well, then they're not likely to be good for people either. it's a birds can be a real sentinel of environmental change. we've heard as like, canaries in the coal mine, and that's not so far fetched right when we c declines and birds that should alert us so that something's happening in the environment that we should pay attention to . because ultimately, it can come back and affect us as well,

the 3rd being the subject to decline for a variety of reasons, such as habitats destruction, fragmentation, pollution, global warming, the meanwhile, human populations around the globe of reached full time high h valium, to sustain this growing population agriculture is becoming increasingly intensive. some birds have adapted to thrive in these conditions. grazing on managed gross acropolis learning to utilize the source of high quality food as a loud bulge, such as conical goose to increase dramatically in europe.

but as we continue to add the noise, the punish, we're seeing new and unusual problems and much for all bucks to mitigate natural noise such as wind, birds can change that pitch volume or time at which they sing, which in areas of high human population thurman, not from noises which are not so easily overcome the max planck institute for on the apology in germany is one of the largest senses, but, but science in the world, the full front of cars research is don't to henrich broke. he began studying the effects of such signs on the verge, over 20 years ago. that's only the chief of our home when the birds have to compete with noise, they sing louder. so have you meant you must do that too. we authorize our voices

and you know, this guy, some of them do through birds, they're just same left, for example, nightingales and berlin altogether they sing louder when there's more traffic noise . that's true. that means that the animals sing more quietly, the weekend and ensuring the week instead of a nice way before. but that's not because the birds relax and take it easy. because on weekends there is less commuter traffic and therefore less noise. but most fuck you. as a result, the birds sing more quietly. ultimately we are the ones producing all the noise that compose the birds to sing louder and louder thing and while all types of things. so it was mentioned as level reason for the sort of human this noise is a huge problem the best, but it's become increasingly clear that noise has similar effects and birds for the for example, city traffic causes chronic stress and birds, which in turn suppresses their immune systems as tables the nightstands or

latest findings on how much we recently published here to show the traffic noise can cause birds to have trouble learning to sing for us to put food. i pulled nina because of just as human children learn to speak because he mentioned the birds have to learn to sing the traffic noise has the effect that it is taking them longer to develop their song. and they also make more mistakes when learning nothing less than only a scene of the song quality is inferior, and some credits have to finish defining his own. i'm just going to say post on literacy and so i can implement this overall fitness that potentially lead to a change in the populations dynamic. right? doesn't guns this figure out, pull some, that's an important point, especially for spacing. is that a threatening to do that? to you, of course, because along with all the other issues, animals face to, to human and choose to environmental change, such as the climate crisis solution, etc. there's also noise and that noise could be the final straw to try some space,

use to extinction. moving around, i need to opposite milestone but it's not just the noise. light is also wreaking havoc on birds around the world. the reason male songbirds stop singing in the winter is because the go not shrink. this is a result of the day, like, like, not true, sure thing in which with the last day life they can no longer produce the whole much to modify the brands and therefore allow them to sing and to bring but street lights in towns and cities. it's just not true life cycle resulting in budge coming to breeding condition, much sooner than they would otherwise not truly do main in the off spring, lisa nest, when there was level for them, gets to each light pollution from buildings is also

a problem to some unknown reason, but it's a drone to the source of light causing life threatening conditions. cornell museum of such a brits in north america, votes of foss, collection of budge, many of which were found just fatalities from hitching buildings. dr. benjamin vandorn and his colleagues studying these books slaughter these birds come to us because they have collided with windows or buildings. so one of these pieces is a black sort of blue warbler here, which is a song bird migrant. this is the fate for pending. and so, but it's across not only north america, but the wells with the use of new technology from the kona lab as on the solid you in new york state, there is hope that we can make a difference to adrian. dr. is part of this team, migratory birds,

they try to look nice and, and it's actually in ways of very hidden phenomena if there is cause we try to sort of make these migratory to your nissan parts come to life and use mostly radars for that. these weather radars are a 155 dose it across the us and mostly used for detecting rain. but the scientists here at cornell found a way to use them for detecting but the weather writers. they can't really see individual graphs as maybe like rain clouds right for, and you also don't see the individual droplets what you see. so if this density of mass over rain for the air is the same reverse, although it's not possible to see which exact spaces are on the move. if we but migration across the usa can be tracked and displayed on a map. so you see all the green dots on your radar stations and in colors in the

back, you'll see the migratory birds and, and you'll see the brighter colors. that means more bars in the air. the red line, the policy is across the screen represents the point with which day becomes nice. as soon as that's sort of gets dark, you see all these bright super bright colors popping up. so really good migration. nice. we track also how many, but regulatory boards are in flight if in any given moment. so you see a staggering numbers. we're now it's 830400 1000000 birds. and there you see now the sun rise and you see as soon as some sort of starts to appear or landing. i think this too is especially good though to see these things are very large scale patterns across to us. something we can never do before. there's like millions and millions of books in the air, and it hasn't just been impossible to count it. it's like in the middle of the

night. so you can see if and yeah, it's only since we know how to use the radar network. let's see if there's sort of girl, if you own birth migration itself, you can zoom out to the scale of an entire confidence and see what the migration looks like. and how is this the beauty of the space, the boat cost technology to most of the truck migrations? it can predict them to as weather radars have been around for decades. the all kinds of migration data from the last 20 years can be collected and compared to the weather conditions, but we're experiencing by combining those 2 sources of information. we can create a predictive model that will tell us how much migration we expected to take place. and under a given set of conditions in a given area and really convert a weather forecast into

a bird migration forecast to benjamin's on door and uses this information to protect, but it's against the dangers of light pollution. so if our migration forecast sites, for example, that we expect millions of birds to be migrating over, dallas, texas, we will then put out in advisory that day to, to say, hey, we expect lots of migration tonight. make sure to turn out your, your lights tonight. and so our network of people will work to make that happen then that night hopefully they'll be the fewer lights on, in that city. turning out lights makes a difference even at the level of the individual window in the building. and through our work, we were able to show at, at one convention center in chicago, that is, this building has participated in a lifestyle program and turned off se half of its lights on a given night for a long period of that bird mortality at that one building could have been reduced

by 50 percent or more. and over the course of 20 years we're talking about $5000.00 or more versa. and that could have been said. there are many challenges in the world that are really complex, like light climate change, about light, light pollution and the impacts of light on birds. this is a problem that people can make a difference. it's really something people can do with just a flick of, of a light switch, migratory birds. some of those that are being hit hardest by changing planet. but some of the pieces are adapting to the new environments created by humans, auto bugs. and could you say young to these opportunities? so they to grow up to be told her aunt of people's disability because it allows them to not only live along side humans,

but to take advantage of the one of the most as an add up taishan to a man made world is the gulf the they see flat troops of city buildings as perfect nesting platforms as a safe place to raise the checks tables a land to follow peoples should use feeding when the most food is available. if, if that means foraging night hail nesting, oven areas, i'm much higher rates for anywhere in the past. same one, locals are moving into app in areas. sir, it seems like something is going right for them. still to model in goodness from

the university of exeter is starting tearing goals on the south coast of england. i've noticed just like very clear when i'm out of town, but people have that fee taken by goals and often when they're not paying attention and goals will just catch them unaware. often flying in from hines, or even a show that i wanted to. so actually paying attention to where people are looking. i'm now using this to as, as a way to decide how to get the seeds, sorry, designs and experiments to explicitly test the model in places a bag of chips on the ground. and looks a way to see how long it takes until this not the

within the 15 seconds they've gone the now for the next test, i want to go react when modeling maintains her gaze off to placing the chips down. she waits the but this time the goal doesn't take the risk. those who are brave enough to steal food whilst being watched. often take a significantly longer time to make this decision compared to those that think that going unnoticed. they wait, typically over twice as long as someone's not looking. then it's going to be much

easier for them to get to see you then get to wait for the pass and is able to react. because obviously a human is a lot bigger than a goal. and as a lot more danger, circle back by faster so it really would pay off provo to be paying attention to where people are looking and see approach fees when people on but somebody can take this ability to exploit charging opportunities. one step further, one of the world's most intelligent spaces about this here at the tower of london. chris scaife is a human award, a position which requires at least 22 years of military service. he's responsible for looking off to these regal creatures. good morning, a to gaining the title of raven most terrible. the ravens have been here since at least the reign of king charles the 2nd. done the

1600s without the ravens. so the legend goes, the town will crumble into dust, and grey tom will before the kingdom. and so that protection is central. the ravens of the largest spaces of colbert, with a wink span of blue most 5 feet, and a much larger brains than most of the boats. in the wilds. these inquisitive creatures unsuccessfully as in a wide range of habitats. thanks to the gentlest dot. you think pretty much anything they can find the because of the great celebrity here that visited by millions of tourists teach. you know, that's it. and the ravens know, just how to use this to their advantage. i'm always taken back by what they do and how they observe humans. they're watching this all the time. they lost food. that's

what they were often that planning the day around what they can scavenge and, and very often with what they can steal, of course, as well, they work together. i can see them pining technically. how's it going to do this? and they use the crest as a bank and hide behind was a wonderful district and unsuspecting visitors. and so they was ready to start then a spike in big assignment, dropped a bicycle for a walk. i can watch that, but it's actually planning on salt. and i'm talking to each other about how they're going to do it. the ravens are intelligent enough to work together for food or say no. this collaboration will lead to a meal. they can both shot but some birds are capable of team. what? even if it doesn't lead to an immediate shrivelled adult to august phone

buying from the max planck institute for the full, the truth is starting intelligence and cooperation in powers hair. it's laura park antenna was there are around $350.00 known spaces apart. most of which live in complex sophie flux. although the brains are roughly around the size of a wall, not pirates power, no gray types and dolphins in that cognitive performance. and so they can be trained to carry out, come on well, goes to into team, have told african great parts to exchange tokens for food. but once the 6th strain show becomes blocked, how do they react? test subjects receipts or the pulses f $15.00 experiments at but without any

opportunity for exchange. so it just gets the totals and no food. that's it. next door neighbor and it's 10 exchanging or paying for that. at the same time is next sofas. the pirate with the tokens doesn't want them to go to waste. so it pauses the tokens to which neighbor, at least they can benefit from the food. so we found that right? parents have other individuals to achieve or goal without immediate benefit to them says and even was also an opportunity for us if for patients. and this is really a spectacular finding because such says this f m has only been shown in great age species in, in comparable studies. so in our closest relatives, and our finding is really the 1st report of adversity coping in and among the

median species. an explanation for altruism with a pump now is that the 2 parents become stronger is a huge so they can better take care of that checks. but for some reason, power at school. so help those who are not the pump is helping others to achieve a goal like this is very complex, as the individual must recognize when health is needed. and when those exchange holes blocked, the pirates with the tokens can understand. so the neighbor won't benefit from them . and so just trying to help the really hope that our findings with make it very clear that we have completed the estimates, it's intelligence. and that's the. so if we got them a said that a so to say,

because they has amazing abilities that intelligence isn't always the key to survival when a rapidly changing kind of sometimes district is to be adaptable. and once pieces of power is used, its adaptability to firmly establish itself as a new resident in new york. the rose ring in ring necked parakeet for the growing population of parakeets is also having an unexpected impact on london's population of power going focus edge village is a power good research and he's come to this church in south london with full power garden chicks. the just fledged often nesting on the spot, but almost at the base of the chat spot. now,

where we can then go out and look for some pre remains to know the breeding season is over and can look at the remains of that prey to work on what they've been eating. ah, let's see what we got now here. then, testing paragons mean feel loads of different stuff down here as lots and lots of white and gray thorough pitching feathers, pigeons, so usually the power of things go to prey. but one new color is appearing more and more in the dog. the adults a catching power keeps. i'm bringing them back to feed. the grow intrigues it just hold on for heat all day in the power going dodge the large orange beaks,

a shop and in the adjustable. and so we're left as evidence for it to on. so this very question, so what i'm doing here just looking for these, thanks to go out so you can see the bright green instead of the power teach, you know, when you see a place you can see, see how old is luminous green it is in this bright red beam. it's not known exactly how these pirates originating from asia and sub saharan africa, made some way to launch. the one theory is that they would kept as pets in the cities. some managed to escape. a may successfully bred that are now estimated to be around 8600 breeding past living in the u. k. pair. we're going to have a very wide don. they'll take whatever is an abundance a by these parents, which originally started reading in the u. k. in 1969 and actually between 19952000,

that population increased by almost 2000 percent. and because of so many of them in grades. so i'm done with finding that reading it power kinks of perhaps taking a 2nd off the place in the most eat some prior. during the breathing in the late 19 fifties, the population of power going full comes crushed due to widespread use of the pesticide d. d t. the toxic chemical was sprayed on crops, poisoning the prey, and working its way up the food chain into the parent booms themselves. this caused them to lay eggs with shelves to put to send for a clean number of the way so the incubating nato. once this link was named d d t was finally bind in the u. k. in the 19 ages their goods have since made a startling recovery. we think will most 1700 pounds across person. more than double the population before d d t. as a result,

that traditional coastal habitats have become saturated, so many have adapted to water urban environments can offer instead, the, all of these old bits of power thanks to his line i is up now is kind of going to be quite a few here. right? so i'm ready to count. now let's see how many we've got. okay, so let's go through 123456, and the 7. so the 8th and the $940.00 for 1. 88. it's 9. 19919191. so a little bit less than last year, but actually that is still a huge number one. so i thought i had this sheet i'll be watching on the web camera took $37.00. and also that was the last minute power keeps on coming in for some paul, the power we can talk, i bring that power seats continue to grady i out in some of the parts of england.

and i think everyone's already that i'm probably going to be doing even better than i already off those type of things where the feeding on federal pigeons and stallings. but as if you then add to bring that power kicked into the mix as a space is the, is, is all around the place, relatively easy to catch, then actually that's probably gonna increase the reading success based periods, the, the power keys to paragraphs, ability to adapt to a changing world is a hopeful sign that others may be able to do the say, the which the birds to do this. they must be able to learn from new experiences. it still does in humans and other mammals. a vital part of learning for 16 mation of members when dreaming the, the

dr. joo nina ongoing from the max planck institute for lona. solar tree. studies if but like us re experience daily events during rims and in the states in which we might treat the, the budapest pigeon as transparent diamonds instead of the movements of its pupils can be recorded when it is a close to a, to study this at night g and nina must observe it on the infrared lights, which the bird cannot detect the softest switching on the infrared camera. she enters the avery to put the pigeon to bed on that you've got the

where we're seeing here is sleeping pigeon. the pigeon is initially a non room sleep, its eyes are closed and is briefing regularly and it's quite quiet. and then it enters into rooms needs. so the ice starts moving around and you see the pupils constricting rapidly. so our study, we found out that these people, larry constrictions, were specifically linked to this particular sleep state to run sleep. we also showed for the 1st time that the pupils of pigeons are constricting, during a courtroom during wakefulness. so because these people are restrictions occur during the day in seemingly during the emotional states and the rear occurred

during rend sleep. we think that the people are restrictions might reflect times when the brain is re activate a brain networks that haven't been activated during these emotional states. and the brain is replaying and processing these information. the, we still don't fully understand the new or logical functions of dreaming ourselves . but studies seem to suggest that other animals use dreams to cement experiences from the day in the memory, and therefore, from the verbs in a rapidly changing anthropogenic world. disability to learn is up to 5 scale the and there are many ways in which buds are responding to a changing planet. some

a gave me the opportunity to thrive in new habitats by accessing more nutritional food and resources such for many others hunter, project change is having the devastating impact. we think habits on populations around the world whilst intelligence and deductible bugs, a learning to survive in unexpected conditions. there are millions of uh, tools parish with us all help cuz we know more about budge and how to protect them. there's hope that future generations will continue to live alongside these magnificent creatures, the

kind of fix with students, sebastian the chief prosecutor at the international criminal court and said he's speaking arrest florence for his writing. he does come back to the war in gaza. i guess this week from kind of leave is dennis ross form a special assistant to president obama and for more than 12 years. as keith craig shaped the u. s. policy con thing that a 30 minute d w. the

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. this is the, the, the news life from by the 3 your pain countries and honest i will recognize palestinian statehood. spragons prime minister joins and 8 as an island and no way . and i'm noticing the historic decision to drive the prime minister benjamin netanyahu finance is the move setting of the month to voiding errors also on the program for just 5 minutes to receive sumac calls. the general election for the 4th of july, despite is conservative potty training. finally in the folds around supreme leader. these present the funeral service for president abraham racing as to.