to the buildings and construction sectors. is this possible for a staggering 37 percent of globally greenhouse gas emissions? how do i come on? saw that? got the body and you're watching. equaling down the construction sector, identity it's waist, causes the app, and you should and also contaminates what though it's view all the homes are in my mind, but that are ways to make the sex style more sustainable. so let's look at some ideas to build green indians mountain state. him also for this has some of the countries, most scenic use patients. but as you drive up these mountains, we need to wear them off one menu of the woods because of the heavy construction dust. you do rude and residential or develop. heavy construction also tends to weak these mountains. and because of for drilling i'm signed, mining, lance lives have become a big issue here. indigenous methods of construction could be a way out of this. flat ground for building homes isn't easy to find here and how

much of a dish. and yet settlement stopped the mountains all the way up to and on to do a full 1000 meters in the to this down of not good would work a little bit. i'm talk about it is what we're seeing. the construction of a home. but locally source material comes up and the methods to build it by the same as those used by generations before him. you'll have my to go to measure length though, does it and it will make next then was one of the 8 of the continent layers. you'll see the one in the looking would be going to give us give last month to the goals and talk with the slides. and for some little buddy. good buddy can hide in the gaps between these layers. go back to the data. that's how traditional causes were constructed, usually by law to the other. naturally, the tired to divide anything. we take a photo, put it in the other day. i to rather then from his editors. he learned his skills at the local architecture studio. not it's committed to reviving traditional building methods and indigenous craftsmanship. methods such as scott coline and

divided into into modeling techniques that relies solely on locally available stone wood and play. in this quick preowned region, they have stood the test of time to have a good light about some of the con, 20 houses here, a 3 to 400 dealers who look able to see that because of the flexibility of the wood fairly even of these houses there's no cause for concern around say that's like that, but in addition we have the natural materials allowed the buildings to be here. music. they're making them comfortable in all the season, most in the body. it at the receiver that the on the buildings that are immediate draws the tutors are examples of thoughtfully and do divide the architecture. but there will be extends beyond this tactics not found out at all who push on believes the resilience of these techniques makes them ideal. for the fragile legal system of things his and should be used for all new construction. you probably wouldn't be

start a new project. we have to look at the land, the site, how the funding wouldn't that don't are the site and we have to analyze the slopes to cut the data is according to the slope so that ultimately the building looks like it's going out of the mountain. rather than just a bulk propped on top of it, like a like i'm getting this right beforehand is a large part of the effort. as while the agent's pre modern headed judge may be a big buddhist, draw most new stuff. josie, a mead from concrete. over time, be good developments have taken over the steep mountain slopes. a risk says local historian on't on the honda. he lives in books in the state capital shimla. we've just seen some of the worst effects of unchecked construction party is back. it was not on the commodity to off a chief off in the anatomy. you can stay here and there,

divide that because it's not on building, but load the big complex tall. so if you happen to so that the bottom boulder is and it is edit and both of us live with is covered as director. and the engineering college conducted foreign sort of a standard said it is not suitable for adults, doctors, but know, 11 studies tech to in that area vendor to really think what we're doing with n sync. it's good, like many of the homes destroyed in the city of floods that hit the region in 2023 . even those bills that the strongest reinforced concrete and steel collapse like a house of god. 71, people lost their lives and many more enjoy the and yet the region is organizing. quicker than ever. the building boom is putting

unprecedented pressure on its hits. the natural angle over the force of these hands is not more than $45.00 degrees. that's the highest one shall go back to davy, a building on shelves, which are considerably shopper we're going or to store future 70 or 80 percent things we are going with heavy exclamation, you're going in with heavy understanding was in the absence all 4 solid struct. all we are going to have from back in now. good. many of the oldest structures survived the floods without significant damage. this has generated a lot of interest in the not collect is use of traditional building, which is fun, used up to be the handling for bob cycles, but deals and improve sustainability and reduce costs at the name of it. never be. we begin every project. by searching for a gleam would mean our storms from old houses at finding late,

and even more logs that can be the use of the store to take. we've had to have put on the gum with with use. good thing. if there is nothing on site, as soon as we ask around in nearby towns and villages in so much the try is key. how many the clinton, what do you use going to by working with the game? what do you do then? knowledge also requires a lot of skin ending the like skin to you've been working with them or do you need of the knots, collective runs training workshops and collaborates with over a 100 local designs like cobra, tuckered ensuring their skills opposite fiscal gas. i believe that's a good thing. i remember when the pool is to be made to beat and so it will just be the last future generations. we'll see the advantages and continue to keep the skills like for me. and this is the only way to go. if you want to see it, how much of the data for data the designs, hope that by promoting this holistic approach this tiny mountain town can inspire the whole him island region. to build more responsibly by embracing the benefits of

its architectural headed, which is to be changed, the material that we use to construct our homes and swap them with something more sustainable. will that make a big difference? let me take you 2500 kilometers down south through the state of somebody, not where going back to a more natural material to construct a big is turning off. not just to be really great with the environment, but there's also keeping homes pleasantly cool in this almost. ready a traditional indian construction combined with modern design in by the right in southern them and not all the architect garth again has been building sustainable houses with metrics for 15 years. and then when the new baby to my house, martin is the main ideas. my brakes are made of nothing but money and eat both and just apply that. in the past we used to use naturalist. they play this like new to

decline in the solar cells. and as we now add a bit of light and siemens, but 92 percent is mike, how much does it from what, the, because the buttons of 9 to the live on the mixture is been compressed into vix with the machine. the advantage of this process is that instead of drying it high than pictures in an oven, they can dry naturally over a pdf those 7 weeks. this really uses the carbon emissions of the manufacturing process. in india, more than half of the population, small items made of money. ready but these have generally be mainly lowered income household. now, however, the classes i've read is covering the benefits of much as the building materials. not nice because it's so sustainable. and also because my houses have excellent installation properties. and i'm us, i'm unable and doing this. i'm on the inside, so the house is a stay cool, then doing winter, then nice and well,

that's the advantage of a mad house go to them and read offers. that advantage is that the boss of building a mad house that's competitive, you know, it's a natural and abundant trauma, tedium, and times for the good in the climate did much houses. electricity costs can be applied to codes low. so it's a traditional building practice that helps gonzalez, resources building from scratch is not something that we always need to do, especially in densely populated cities where that can be more creative solutions to create more living space. republishing. existing buildings could be one such way. if you live in a city, there's a pretty good chance are living through a housing crisis. rent in the major cities are skyrocketing, and this is happening all around the world. at the same time of housing has grown scarce. some buildings stand empty. downtown frank,

for it looks like just about any other big city central business, plastic leaving high rises to hide and alarm. in fact, nearly 10 percent of the city is offices are facing other major cities around the globe. however, you can see rates that high or even higher. so why don't we just convert empty offices into housing for people worldwide? well, many of us are back in the office. working from home is here to stay. for instance, 35 percent of us workers who can work from home and still do plenty only come into the office on occasion. but if they can, workspaces are into a new problem. long before the pandemic eating officers were already becoming less desirable. it hasn't been for about the last 10 years, a trend that we called flight to quality. stephen painter in architect that one of the world's biggest firms focuses on adaptive reuse. people when you're in a lease is an all the buildings are going to the new laws that will be built

because they also have the kind of amenities that kind of locations people. and all these empty officers are in just a waste of space. they mean less rent for owners, lower tax revenue for cities and the decline of entire neighborhoods. we have beautiful buildings. we have a wonderful plaza as we have sort of all of the physical assets. we just have vacant buildings. and so you don't see that vibrancy used to, you know, kind of look down his key car doors, and you would see just streams of people, you know, coming down the street. and you don't see that as much anymore. literally along the use of planner in san francisco, another studio dressing high vacancies almost 95 percent of our tax revenue comes from business tax from downtown, about 80 percent of our g. d. p. came from from downtown companies in 2021. it is our economic engine, and so it needs to strive so the city can thrive. roughly one 3rd of offices are vacant in san francisco. the 3rd most expensive housing market in the us. at the

same time, the ongoing construction of new housing is causing a whole different host of problems in order to meet climate targets, but also other sustainability targets. we will need to actually stick with what's already built, how bad researches urban sustainability at stock homes, royal institute of techno, or even if this new production of housing and buildings is done with very energy efficient and an optimized technologies. this won't be enough. we will also need to reduce the total amount of new production. and this is what brings us to frankfurt. i checked out an ongoing conversion project. an office tower built in the 90s will soon be reborn, is around $150.00 furnished apartments. then you mean all brush the developers regional european head is excited about adaptive reuse?

the data for the environmental factor is obvious, since the building show is already standing and i'm a show alone usually accounts for about 50 percent of emissions during construction . it's a, a fairly significant portion of the tile, but it doesn't only save on emissions. revamping and office building can be up to 30 percent cheaper and construction can be done in half the time. that depends on the project. this one wasn't much cheaper than a new build, but speed play the big part of the tide for i think the time factor is really critical. yeah, it allows us to start generating rental income through the property pretty quickly . repurposing an old building to serve a new function. it's called adaptive reuse, and can extend to structures life. think of turning old factories into artist swabs or warehouses into ubiquitous street food halls. retrofitting and existing structure is a lot more complicated than planning everything from scratch. as developers have

found out, apartments and officers aren't always a $1.00 to $1.00 fit. it depends on when in where they were built. modern open plan offices were built for living in. first you must divide up large areas while ensuring rooms get enough sunlight. and you can't just have one big bathroom for a whole floor. each room needs a ventilation seating and power to stephen painter. the adapt ever use specialist as you've been developing algorithm to measure whether offices are good candidates to be reincarnated as housing clinics around the different aspects. and some of the key ones are things like the distance between the elevators and the windows. do you want your one bedroom apartments have a nice bedroom or a window or a nice living space with a window and i'd have maybe the kitchen and the bathrooms, the back. that's great. a lot of office buildings actually have way too much space between the elevators and the glazing. to make that happen. this means to end up

with shiny new apartments. many conversions essentially rebuild everything except the existing foundations. and besides these constraints, make many offices just too much work to convert. according to painters research, roughly 30 percent of offices are ideal candidates. if you look at the us market, where we're doing a longer slack is about 100000000 square feet of office space. and if you come by just the vacancy on about 70 percent of that you can create between 6 and 7000000 new homes. but just turning offices into apartments isn't going to be enough. neighborhoods that are just office box can be a bit inhospitable calling with finance barrows by day or thing. it goes to towns outside of business hours, insurance people live, not just work. there could change that this neighborhood of frankfort mito god was developed as a sprawling set of offices in the sixties and seventies. given the wild be creative

nickname of the people stop for office city, foot by the mid to thousands, nearly one and 3 of the offices were sitting in in 2006. the city began converting the mt office powers into housing creating through mixed use development. now it's still good places to live shop and go to school instead of just places to work. frankfurt, rezone area and turned parking lots and the green spaces in kindergarten. it brought in developers to build apartments and shots. when they're done, they'll be 6000 apartments here. there's other stuff that may lead now that the areas lively, or the offices of actually become more attractive. so it's easier to rent them out . you know, the 1st to have meetings, especially the canadian city of calgary, started working with painter to revitalize its downtown in 2021. the calorie had about 38 percent vacancy in their office last year. and i was of the time one of the worst in the world, and a very quickly actually for our program together, which gives you $75000.00 square foot to combine the building and moved all of the

red tape out of the way to make these projects move more quickly, the 1st 5 projects and now under construction represents about 750 new homes. and they have 10 more approved. peter says much of this housing will be affordable and built with families in mind. thanks to the financial incentives provided by the city. a doctor for use often has even more red tape the new builds, but we'll have to change it for going to use as potential director of admissions. so in terms of where i am as an example, there's a role in the downtown you cannot really get office space is protected as employment months that was created in the seventy's and they just never got it because it, there was no need to change it on now there's a desperate need to change and that's, that's kind of holding up. these products happening. such arbitrary regulations are quite common. and approval for conversions often takes as long as it would for a new build, even though the structure is already in place. since their 1st office conversion projects have gone well,

then you mean the old rest thinks this firm will focus more on adaptive reuse. many developers have shown interest in these projects in cities like san francisco are supporting office conversions. the kind of support offered may determine the type of housing we get. flipping offices into housing is clearly no quick fix and it's not going to solve the global housing crisis overnight. footprint per in calgary, do show it can make cities vastly more livable and it can drastically reduce the environmental impact of relying solely on new bill. let's head to the northeastern state. definitely carlo where people are taking them, building with nature to a whole new level. when i say bridges, what comes to mind the golden gate bridge in california or the dollar bridge in london? well, i'm talking about something completely different. have you ever seen a bridge made with actual real living, breathing bridges? the people of these hills have countless names for rain.

no wonderful. this is the which is really is spots on planet. the monsoon takes on many forms in the healey state of mean calling in north eastern india. what stops is gentle streams and ends as raging rivers makes life for the 40000 people that live in this region is really difficult. the coffee table community here, mostly farmers, and the rivers that phone every year got the homes all from the farms market. with the community here has found a really unique way to survive and thrive to a system of living route bridges the and how can you send me a site and i'm gonna put that in one second. and keep dial dial that one. how about

that? and i am proud to have built these bridges and leave this legacy for generations to come. now the heat, the lie, and i hope the one to come that's even better to spend, but we have done won't come let us yet, especially with new technology and better understanding of the science company. these were bridges can last 100 years because they sit higher and they do not grow . like yeah, wow. so but to come as a farmer from a village named molly, know, he started learning to build these route bridges at around 11 years old and is still using his skills 3 decades later. people from his village are building a new one decision to health, especially women get access to the market which helps the local economy. because bridges a special and famous because unlike modern bridge is the unlike. busy the construction material is mainly word to that comes from trees that are still living. and usually

even more trees applauded to keep them standing, which helps biodiversity here. how they will cause big areas who took the epi fi tree a lead into the trunk of an array, cannot tree where young roots can grow. that moves, scaffolding gives us both the roots and the villages supports rubble of fig routes, which have the special ability to fuse and grow as one i used by the local people to guide the bridge across through of about it's an epic undertaking. bridges can be over 50 me doesn't length and can have multiple dicks. a single bridge can carry up to 50 people at a time. norris didn't song is also a farmer from this region. and today he's having a day out with his son, teaching him what he was taught his sons. nothing. does that no, no, i'm not any. i learned how to be rude. bridges from the age of 15 by my grandfather

giving you. it is important to present these road. i just thought i'd like to even be we must teach our children so that the knowledge can be passed down from generation to generation. so that even when i am gone, these judges going to still be used by my gratitude by and um, and so one on drive on. yeah. and then with the you, you can see it actually takes 2 or even 3 decades for a living bridge to become usable. so children working on a bridge today doing it to support members of the community, even a few 100 years from now. and they return home on a bridge, the ancestors who and they may have never met, built for them even under god is a social adjust who works with the communities here to preserve the knowledge and skills then they've been with this. this has to be to fix it because we, we've seen the influence of our full flood,

those who have thought of how we use then the 2 of the soul says without the 3, the mother up, her belief is that these bridges are the best symbols of the culture of the region and represent the relationship between indigenous communities and the equal system . and they help in other ways to, in the living room. this hospital, a lot of employment opportunities for the people in the soap, the unemployment problem, and also has increased the income. and the thing of the people in both villages, especially with they've been good with this awesome locals, look as guides as well as if i couldn't voting the homes into homestead as a night in the homes to in a village with living with bridges can honor family around 2000 rubies, a $25.00 euros per night. doors in the can be a double edged sword. concrete steps ticketing bullets and was funded by the state

government have sprung up and bridges that were meant to hold a few people at a time beginning to show signs of wet on the hordes of trampling doors and feet. 70. ready do macolon villages have now been identified in unesco is 2023 tentative list of was headed to the sides for that bridges. this recognition will increase the popularity and will attract more financial support from the world headed to strong and other institutions. but going forward, the community emphasizes that they must be front incentive for this kind of sustainable development to remain. and then it should come as we move forward in building good pages together, imparting knowledge, come generation to generation on how to plant and build these wood, which is level this kind of equal engineering supports both biodiversity and the development of native communities. and these bridges are

a testament to the fact that both can exist at the same time. well, that's quite unique and it is such a new going on my traveler bucket list. are there any such unique, sustainable construction practices that you are seeing around, you know what i just know you can email us or reach out to me directly on my social media handles. i will see you next week on to let and they get goodbye. the most gosh, the

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