in this house, the only requisite skill this here is honors in the men's race, went to a german and called tom. he's promised to defend his title next year after surviving this year's race unscathed. well, that's it. you're up to date. ste. i'm david levitz. thanks for watching d w. bye bye. for now, the can you see is, what old cars tires have to do with the production? here's a hands on the really indeed the snow on youtube. my name is the calls back. said, wow,

thank you so much for joining in. welcome to don't hold bad. a lot of people do that. it's all about saying it aloud. that's what it being nosy bay like good. everyone to king. you're healthy award winning called called the callback this piece of ancient plasma cake started an error or was missing majorly without planet. of course, the most logical way of stopping that is binding less of this and other fossil fuels. but that's not happening nearly fast enough. and so as a carbon tax and alluringly simple idea, just put the price back on carbon emissions that are destroying all planet, the more you pollute, the more you pay, leading and theory to less pollution, and making clean alternatives more appealing. almost 30 countries worldwide have a form of it. so can the common tax stop us from polluting?

but 1st things 1st, why are we focusing on carbon? that's because as soon as we've done this, it becomes the biggest trouble amaica. when you band co dom it's vast amounts of c o 2, the same goes for oil and gas. carbon emissions from fossil fuels are by far the biggest pollutant that's responsible for climate change. this is regular air and this is what we're doing to atmosphere right now. and once we turn on our son, this one starts eating up much quicker. a little bit of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is great because carbon dioxide is really, really good at absorbing and radiating the heat that gets reflected from the surface. it's what makes our planet warm enough to live on. but we're taking it a little bit too far with all of this. we're blowing more of this stuff into the

air almost every year. the only 2 dips you can see here, the 2009 financial crisis and the cove at 19 pandemic. not exactly intentional and pretty catastrophic as a carbon tax ideally would change that makes things that polluted a lot more expensive so that people will buy or use less of it. and then time this will make clean of technology is cheaper and more attractive. it's so appealing because it seems so simple and logical fit drives the lowest cost ways of reducing emissions. simon, to do the works for the canadian government. it's had a former federal carbon tax since 2019. and it just sort of sends abroad signal to the marketplace that coalition shouldn't be free and, and then it kind of lets all of the actors decide for themselves how best that works in their businesses and in their lives. $27.00 countries in many more regions

and cities have a carbon tax. it all started on surprisingly with the scandinavians, finland, norway, and sweden, as well as poland, 1st introduced carbon taxes in the early ninety's. since then, many countries have joined the club. but the reality of a carbon tax is more complex than some economists might think. then many different ways to tax carbon emissions. you could tax the entire economy or just the specific fixed up some taxes, only target companies of a certain size. a lot of the carbon taxes worldwide taxes on fossil fuels. that means fossil fuel firms must pay for every lita or cubic meter of oil, gas and coal they extract. but in many cases, the additional cost is passed onto the consumers, incentivizing them to use less of it. the next question is what to do with all the money you just collected. one way is to reduce other taxes in sweden. one is called

this the green tax shift. this is christy on to him on he advised the swedish government on tax policies for 10 years. one use an increase in environmental takes ation to reduce the taxes on labor that would be considered to be a growth enhancing reform. switzerland uses 2 thirds of its revenue to reduce health insurance and social security payments and invest the rest into low emission fact is, canada takes it one step further. revenue we collect from that federal fuel charge . the vast majority of that is returned directly to individuals and households through lump sum payment. so it's really designed to help with the affordability of carbon pershing overall. and that's the idea of redistribution doesn't have to stay within one country. if it was spread out globally, the ritual nations could give the collective taxes to the countries of the global

south, which i'm much less responsible for climate change. but i hit the heart of a global context would make that possible. a good idea in theory. but if you've ever heard anything about climate negotiations, you know that getting everybody to agree to a set tax rate is going to be really difficult for. there is another way of pricing common that needs to be mentioned. it's called emissions trading. this means putting a cap on the amount of seo to sub and industries kind of meant a company that exceeds that limit must by extra allowances or will face penalties if a company and it's less, they can sell those allowances to other companies. this is suppose to ensure that the entire industry stays within the designated limit. a, d u, for example, as a system like this in place. the same goes for china, indonesia and mexico. together carbon taxes and emissions trading systems already cover around a quarter of a carbon emissions worldwide. so that's the theory. do they work in practice?

there many, many studies out there that try to answer this question. jessica green looked at 37 of them for her own me to study. carbon pricing is both emissions trading systems and carbon taxes are associated with small reductions in emissions. 0 to 2 percent to be exact. not a lot, but not nothing either. in single regions. it can be significantly more like in british columbia, canada, where according to this study, emissions fell by 5 to 15 percent and 7, yes. the same goes, if you look at single industries, this study estimated that the carbon tax may have reduced u. k. power sector emissions by up to 26 percent whether a carbon tax works or not depends on how high it is. that means how much money it

has to pay tongue tongue limited carbon dioxide and metric ton of c o. 2 is what the one way slide from new york to paris and it's the passenger or the emissions produce driving some 4000 kilometers with an average calm or binding of a 900 of these cold pretense r a guar. i have the highest carbon tax rate in 2023, followed by many european countries. but the tax rate rapidly falls to less than $20.00 for many nations. most carbon taxes are set up to become more expensive with time to the task future investment economists and policy makers have for 40 years to find out how expensive the carbon tax has to be to work. but they agree on one thing. the price is right now, the salt too low. a carbon tax is due to only take effect upwards of 60 to a 100 euro is baton. meaning right now most countries are not taxing carbon enough tools. another worry about putting a price on carbon is that if $1.00 country decides to introduce attacks,

the companies will just go abroad. one of the ways to prevent that is good all terrace. that's what the you is doing. if you want to import carbon intensive goods like cement, are in and steal, or electricity, for example, you need to pay a carbon terrace. there also proposals to expand that idea further. the countries that introduce a way of pricing common, whether it's a tax or emissions trading could form a group that then gets better trade conditions. these so called climate clubs could incentivize other countries to join in and stop putting a price on emissions. so basically there is been booked and they say with both offer they the eric and the state. arguably, the biggest title though is political positions not going to win elections by raising or even introducing new taxes. quite the opposite. the low prices of that we see for both carbon taxes and each uses is

a feature. it's not above politicians, the policy makers are afraid to make carbon emissions more expensive because they will be punished at the pulse. one way around that is to reduce other expenses so i can sweetness or switzerland. and the other is tax rebates. like in canada, setting the price of carbon low and fast and then only gradually increasing. it is also cheap. but even then carbon taxes can be extremely contentions, as seen here in canada, even still countries like indonesia, morocco and send a go, a planning or considering a common tax, brazil, malaysia, vietnam, nigeria and others are doing the same with emissions trading systems. overall, the share of emissions covered by common pricing has been rising steady. li if you're talking to a developing country, maybe a national carbon tax wouldn't allow the country to develop. it's not as difficult to implement as an emission trading system. if you're talking about more developed

countries, i would say that their emission trading system might be more repeating. the question is whether in acting a carbon tax or setting up a trading system is, was a political fight. and the bureaucratic effort that comes with it that may depend a lot on the country and opinions are split on this. sometimes those, those political and communications challenges can seem, can seem overwhelming by them. i think in the canadian context, we can, we can show that we've been able to implement an effective functioning system. i think we're going to dedicate time and resources to finding the climate crisis. and we need to do it in ways that are direct government interventions for things like technology, standards, subsidies incentive. the types of in green industrial policy that we're increasingly seeing and europe is off the considering all of the above the country

still does decide to go with the common tax. they are a few things to consider. overall carbon tax rates need to be said higher than they are right now. low income households must be protected from the knock on effects. you need to find a way to make it appealing to citizens through rebates or tax breaks elsewhere. industries are the how to move abroad and i'm not that exposed to international competition like transportation, for example. easier to target test. a common tax is by far not as simple and effective as it sounds at 1st and it can be more trouble than it's worth it to learn. one, solve the problem, but putting a price on pollution is a step in the right direction. but they will come to have a common tax. please have a sign in the common sense to describe repos videos like this every friday. the

the other buys on buying european n t. the authoritarian regime exports boil and gas to the european union and offers generous gifts to the politicians. are they really being paid to turn a blind eye to the stomach, human rights violations, corruption in europe. the next on d, w. haven for russian money, money belonging to put in his country jones is set to be hidden away in switzerland . disappoint you sanctions. private just mention is secret bank accounts. paradise for collective cross and war criminals. on the trail of a legal,

russian 1000000000. in switzerland. in 45 minutes on d w, the only way i can be on the top is to create my own. and i just got the stories was just a click away the during the destination, right. find this document trees before the 2nd name, tree green. oh, you update the green innovations, super green and green. check the holy gray off electron mobility and re

revolution global service into a whole lot of climate problems to fit your thoughts on the topics rest of those channels. we've got new videos every friday, subscribed to plan. it's a the a 0 by john, a former soviet republic bounded by the caspian sea. the country's people and media are routinely suppressed and yet the country is becoming increasingly important for europe due to its considerable gas and oil reserves puncture. bob came here as an election observer on behalf of the council of europe. it was the 1st election.