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join us and register now for the d. w global media for in 2020 for this piece of ancient plan samantha take started in error or was missing majorly without planet. of course, the most logical way of stopping that is binding less of this and other fossil fuels. but that's not happening nearly fast enough. and so the carbon tax and alluringly simple, i do just put the price stock on carbon emissions that are destroying our planet. the more you pollute, the more you pay, leading, and siri to less pollution. making clean alternatives more appealing. almost 30 countries worldwide have a form of it. so can the common tax stop us from polluting the

but 1st things best, why are we focusing on carbon? that's because as soon as we've done this, it becomes the biggest trouble amaica. when you burn coal item, it's vast amounts of c, o 2. the same goes for oil and gas. carbon emissions from fossil fuels are by far the biggest pollutant that's responsible for climate change. this is regular air and this is what we're doing to our atmosphere right now. and once we turn on our son, this one starts heating up much quicker. a little bit of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is great because carbon dioxide is really, really good at absorbing and radiating the heat that gets reflected from the surface. it's what makes our planet warm enough to live on. but we're taking a little bit too far with all of this. we're blowing more of the stuff into the air almost every year. the only 2 dips you can see here,

the 2009 financial crisis and the curve at 19 pandemic. not exactly intentional and pretty catastrophic as a carbon tax ideally would change that makes things that polluted a lot more expensive so that people will buy or use less of it. and then time this will make clean of technology is cheaper and more attractive. it's so appealing because it seems so simple and logical fit drives the lowest cost ways of reducing emissions. simon, to do the works for the canadian government. it's had a former federal carbon tax since 2019. and it just sort of sends abroad signal to the marketplace that coalition shouldn't be free and, and then it kind of lets all of the actors decide for themselves how best that works in their businesses and in their lives. $27.00 countries in many more regions and cities have a carbon tax. it all started on surprise only with the scandinavians, finland,

norway, and sweden, as well as poland, 1st introduced carbon taxes in the early ninety's. since then, many countries have joined the club. but the reality of a carbon tax is more complex than some economists might think. then many different ways to tax carbon emissions. you could tax the entire economy or just the specific fixed up some taxes, only target companies of a certain size. a lot of the carbon taxes worldwide taxes on fossil fuels. that means fossil fuel firms must pay for every lita or cubic meter of oil, gas and coal they extract. but in many cases, the additional cost is passed onto the consumers, incentivizing them to use less of it. the next question is what to do with all the money you just collected. one way is to reduce other taxes in sweden. one is called this the green tax shift. this is christy on to him on he advised the swedish

government on tax policies for 10 years. this one is used in the increase in environmental succession to reduce the taxes on labor. that would be considered to be a growth enhancing reform. switzerland uses 2 thirds of its revenue to reduce health insurance and social security payments and invest the rest into low emission infective. canada. takes it one step further. revenue, we collect from that federal fuel charge. the vast majority of that is a returned directly to individuals and households. true lump sum payment since it was really designed to help with the affordability of carbon refreshing overall. and that's idea. redistribution doesn't have to stay within one country. if it was spread out globally, the ritual nations could give the collective taxes to the countries of the global south, which i'm much less responsible for climate change. but i hit the heart of

a global context, would make that possible. a good idea in theory. but if you've ever heard anything about climate negotiations, you know that getting everybody to agree to a set tax rate is going to be really difficult for. there is another way of pricing common that needs to be mentioned. it's called emissions trading. this means putting a cap on the amount of c o 27 industries kind of meant a company that exceeds the limit must by extra allowances or will face penalties. if a company and it's less, they can sell those allowances to other companies. this is suppose to ensure that the entire industry stays within the designated limit. the you, for example, have a system like this in place. the same goes for china, indonesia and mexico. together carbon taxes and emissions trading systems already cover around a quarter of a carbon emissions worldwide. so that's the theory. do they work in practice? there many,

many studies out there that try to answer this question. jessica green looked at 37 of them for her own me to study. carbon pricing is both emissions trading systems and carbon taxes are associated with small reductions in emissions. 0 to 2 percent to be exact, not allots, but not nothing either. in single regions it can be significantly more like in british columbia, canada, where according to this study, emissions fell by 5 to 15 percent and 7, yes. the same goes, if you look at single industries, this study estimated that the carbon tax may have reduced u. k. power sector emissions by up to 26 percent whether a carbon tax works on depends on how high it is. that means how much money it has to pay todd tongue limited carbon dioxide. a metric ton of c o 2 is what's in one

way slide from new york to paris and it's the passenger or the emissions produce driving some 4000 kilometers with an average calm or binding of a 900 of these cold pretense or guar. i have the highest carbon tax rate in 2023, followed by many european countries. but the tax rate rapidly falls to less than $20.00 from many nations. most carbon taxes are set up to become more expensive with time to the task. future investment economist and policy makers have for 40 years to find out how expensive a carbon tax has to be to work. but they agree on one thing. the price is right now, ok, far too low. carbon tax is due to only take effect upwards of 60 to a 100 euro is potomac, meaning right now most countries are not taxing common enough at tools. another worry about putting a price on carbon is that if $1.00 country decides to introduce a tax, the companies will just go abroad. one of the ways to prevent that is good all

terrace. that's what the you is doing. if you want to import carbon intensive goods like cement are in and steel or electricity, for example, you need to pay a carbon terrace. there also proposals to expand that idea further. the countries that introduce a way of pricing common, whether it's a tax or emissions trading could form a group that then gets the better trade conditions the so called climate clubs could incentivize other countries to join in and stop putting a price on emissions. so basically there is been book to date, so you with both offer the, the eric and the state. arguably, the biggest titles are as political positions, not going to win elections by raising or even introducing new taxes. quite the opposite. the low prices of that we see for both carbon taxes and each uses is a feature. it's not above politicians, the policy makers are afraid to make carbon emissions more expensive because they

will be punished at the polls. one way around that is to reduce other expenses so i can sweetness or switzerland. and the other is tax rebates. like in canada, setting the price of calvin low and fast and then only gradually increasing. it is also cheap. but even then carbon taxes can be extremely contentious, as seen here in canada. even still countries like indonesia, morocco and send a go, a planning or considering a common tax, brazil, malaysia, vietnam, nigeria and others are doing the same with emissions trading systems. overall, the share of emissions covered by common pricing has been rising steady. li if you're talking to a developing country, maybe a national carbon tax wouldn't allow the country to develop. it's not as difficult to implement as an emission trading system. if you're talking about more developed

countries, i would say that their emission trading system might be more repeating. the question is whether in acting a carbon tax or setting up a trading system is, was a political fight. and the bureaucratic effort that comes with it that may depend a lot on the country and opinions are split on this. sometimes those political and communications challenges can seem can seem overwhelming by them. i think indicate in context we can, we can show that we have been able to implement an effective functioning system. i think we're going to dedicate time and resources to finding the climate crisis. and we need to do it in ways that are direct government interventions through things like technology, standards, subsidies incentive. the types of a green industrial policy that we're increasingly seeing in europe is off the, considering all of the above. the country still does decide to go with the common tax. the are

a few things to consider. overall common tax rates need to be said higher than they are right now. low income households must be protected from the knock on effect. you need to find a way to make it appealing to citizens through rebates or tax breaks elsewhere. industries are the how to move abroad and i'm not that exposed to international competition like transportation, for example. easier to target 1st. a carbon tax is by far not as simple and effective as it sounds at 1st and it can be more trouble than it's worth it alone. one solve the problem. but putting a price on pollution is a step in the right direction. the 0 going to have a common tax. please have a sign in the common sense to describe repos videos like this every friday the the use

are some screens. so let me describe who this special worth cost was the man behind the literary turn. and how does he continued to influence arts and culture today from costco, 100 years after his next on d w. it's getting hotter and hotter interest and well, he's thinking mind this he's of backing extreme with us because of climate change, but also due to the timing pioneers on know, transforming these living spaces from great to green building at best of employment in 60 minutes on dw

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