to score farms and destroy slides. what is the legacy of this wide spread race as depression today? history. we need to talk about here the stories, shadows of german colonialism. the, the buildings and construction sex judges responsible for a staggering 37 percent of globally greenhouse gas emissions. hello, and welcome. i'm sorry, got the body and you're watching. equaling down the construction sector, identity it's waist, causes the app and you should and also contaminates. what though, it's the only homes are in my mind, but that are ways to make the sex style more sustainable. so let's look at some ideas to build green. india as mountain stadium also for this has some of the

countries, most scenic use patients. but as you drive up, these mountains will need to wear them off on many of the roads because of the heavy construction dust. you do rude and residential or develop heavy construction walls within 2 weeks, these mountains and because of, for drilling and sand mining, lance lights have become a big issue here. indigenous methods of construction could be a way out of this. flat ground for building holes isn't easy to find here and how much of a dish and yet settlement stopped the mountains all the way up to and on to do a full 1000 meters in the to this down of now good. would work a little bit. i'm talk about it is what we're seeing the construction of a home, but locally source material can we can up and by the methods to build it by the same as those used by generations before him to go home. let it go to measure length though does does, and it will make like then was that was what i mean ultimately is gonna go in and

looking would be certainly going to give us give last month and talk with the sleeves. and 1st of all, buddy, buddy can try to have the gaps between these videos go back to the table to do nothing. how traditional causes were constructed, usually by law to then other naturally the entire divide. it may take a photo, but if they make the what it is rather then from his editors, he learned his skills at the local architecture studio. not it's committed to developing traditional building methods and indigenous craftsmanship. methods such as scott coline and do divided into into modeling techniques that rely solely on locally available stone, wood, and key in this quick preowned region. they have stood the test of time. so you can have a page that i want to buy some of the car 20 houses here, a 3 to 400 us or are you able to do that because of the flexibility of the woodland fairly even of these houses. there's no cause for concern. people around said ethic that but in addition to natural materials, allow the buildings to be here. music,

they're making them comfortable in all season, most in the, the body. it at the receiver that the on the buildings that are immediate draws a tutors are examples of thoughtfully and due to body architecture. but there will be extends beyond this that is not found out who the pollution believes the resilience of these techniques makes them ideal for the fragile legal system of things his and should be used for all new construction. you feel like when we start a new project, we have to look at the land, the site, how the sun and wind patterns are the site. and we have to analyze the slopes to cut, the data says, according to the snow, i get up so that ultimately the building looks like it's going out of the mountain buildings in or rather than just a bottle propped on top of it. other than, like, uh, like i'm getting this right beforehand is a large part of the effort. while the agents pre modern headed to may be

a big, strong, most new stuff chose here. i mean from concrete over time, be good developments have taken over the steep mountain slopes. a risk says local historian on't on the honda. he lives in books in the state capital shimla. we've just seen some of the worst effects of unchecked construction party is back. it was not on the commodity to off to fall off in the anatomy. you can stay here and there, divide that because it's not on building, but load the big complex tall. so if you happen to so that the voltage is and it is edit and both of us, what we'll do is covered as director and the engineering college conducted funds ought to be standard said it is not suitable for both doctors, but know, 11 studies to in that area vendor,

think what we're dealing with and think it's good. like many of the homes destroyed in the city of floods that hit the region in 2023. even those been the strongest reinforced concrete and steel collapse like a house of god. 71, people lost their lives and many more well, enjoy the and yet the region is open. eyes in, quicker than ever. the building boom is putting unprecedented pressure on its hits . the natural angle over the force of these hands is not more than $45.00 degrees. that's the highest one, shall go back to davy, a building on shelves, which are considerably shopper of you're going to scroll through to 1700 people, certain things we're going with heavy exclamation you're going in with heavy retaining was in the absence. all 4 solid struct. all we are going to have drawn

back in now. good. many of the oldest structures survived the floods without significant damage. this has generated a lot of interest in the not collect is use of traditional building. what do you do? is fun used up to the henry upside because what deals improve sustainability and reduce costs like s of the money? and then we begin every project almost by searching for reclaimed wood or storms from old houses at finding late. and even lot of logs that can be the use of the store to take we've had to have put on the john was going to use good thing is if there is nothing on site is stored cuz we ask around in nearby towns and villages in so much the try is key. how many people in them? what do you use going to by working with the game? what do you do then? knowledge also requires a lot of skin and it could be as easy like skin to give it one thing with the martinez of the knots, collective guns, training workshops, and collaborates with over

a 100 local designs like corporate. i'm tuckered in shouting their skills opposite facebook. i say, like i said, i remember when the, if we made the info to be this way of last future generations, we'll see the advantages and continue to keep the skills like for me. and this is the only way to go if you want to save him on some of the data for diego. the designs hope that by promoting this holistic approach, this tiny mountain down can inspire the whole him island region. to build more responsibly by embracing the benefits of its architectural headed, which is to be changed, the materials that we use to construct our homes and swap them with something more sustainable. will that make a big difference? let's me take you 2500 kilometers down south for the sake of some of the web. going back to a more natural material to construct the fix is turning off not just to be really great with the in line with but is also keeping homes pleasantly cool in the summer as. ready a traditional indian construction,

combined with modern design in my the right and southern seminars will be architect . garth again has been building sustainable houses with metrics for 15 years and the new baby that might house martin is the main ideas. my brakes are made of nothing but mud and eat both and just apply that in the past, we used to use naturalist apply this like new to the decline in the solar cells and is going to be now add a bit of light and steam and what 92 percent is mike and what's the zip and what's the date of birth and 92, but the mixture is been compressed into big with the machine. the advantage of this process is that instead of drying its height and pictures and then oven, they can dry naturally over a period of 7 weeks. this reduces the carbon emissions of the manufacturing process . in india, more than half of the population,

small items made of money. ready ready but these have generally be mainly lowered income household. now, however, the major classes i'd read is covering the benefits of mark as the building materials. not nice because it's so sustainable. and also because my houses have excellent installation properties. number model and building the some of the inside of the house and the state. cool. then doing winter, then nice and well, that's the advantage of a might house who to go to them and read it. offers that are advantage is that the boss of building a mad house that's competitive, you know, it's a natural and abundant all material. and thanks for the good in the climate months houses, electricity costs can be applied to towards the world. so it's a traditional building practice that has gonzalez, resources building from scratch is not something that the boys need to do, especially in density populated cities where that can be more creative solutions to

create more living space. z publishing, existing buildings could be one such way. if you live in a city, there's a pretty good chance are living through a housing crisis. rent in the major cities are skyrocketing, and this is happening all around the world. at the same time, housing has grown stairs. some building stand empty, downtown signed for it looks like just about any other big city central business. public leaving high rises to hide and alarming fact. nearly 10 percent of the city is offices are facing. other major cities around the globe have vacancy rates that high or even higher. so why don't we just convert empty offices into housing for people worldwide? well, many of us are back in the office. working from home is here to stay. for instance,

35 percent of us workers who can work from home and still do. and connie only come into the office on occasion. but if they can, workspaces are into a new problem. long before the pandemic eating officers were already becoming less desirable. it hasn't been for about the last 10 years and the trend of the cold flight to quality stephen, painter and architect at one of the world's biggest firms, focuses on adaptive reuse. people when, when you're in a lease is an older buildings are going to be less, it will be built because they offer that kind of amenities that kind of locations, people. and all these empty officers are in just a waste of space. they mean less rent for owners, lower tax revenue for cities and the decline of entire neighborhoods. we have beautiful buildings. we have a wonderful plaza as we have sort of all of the physical assets. we just have vacant buildings. and so you don't see that vibrancy used to, you know, kind of look down these key car doors, and you would see just streams of people,

you know, coming down the street. and you don't see that as much anymore. really long really is a planner in san francisco, another studio dressing high vacancies almost 95 percent of our tax revenue comes from business tax from downtown, about 80 percent of our g. d. p came from from downtown companies in 2021. it is our economic engine, and so it needs to strive so the city can thrive. roughly one 3rd of offices are vacant in san francisco. the 3rd most expensive housing market in the us. at the same time, the ongoing construction of new housing is causing a whole different host of problems in order to meet climate targets, but also other sustainability targets. we will need to actually stick with what's already built printer, the hug that researches urban sustainability at stock comes royal institute of technology. even if this new production of housing and buildings is done with

very energy efficient and an optimized technologies, this won't be enough. we will also need to reduce the total amount of new production. and this is what brings us to frankfurt. i checked out an ongoing conversion project. an office tower built in the 90s will soon be reborn, is around $150.00 furnished apartments. then you mean all brush the developers regional european head is excited about adaptive reuse? the data for the environmental factor is obvious. since the building show is already standing in a shell alone, usually accounts for about 50 percent of emissions during construction. it's a, a fairly significant portion of the time, but it doesn't only save on emissions. revamping and office building can be up to 30 percent cheaper and construction can be done in half the time. that depends on the project. this one wasn't much cheaper than a new build,

but speed play the big part of the tide for i think the time factor is really critical. yeah, it allows us to start generating rental income through the property pretty quickly . a repurposing an old building, disturbing new function. it's called adaptive reuse, and can extend to structures life. think of turning old factories into artist swabs or warehouses into ubiquitous street food holes. retrofitting and existing structure is a lot more complicated than planning everything from scratch. as developers have found out, apartments and officers aren't always a $1.00 to $1.00 fit. it depends on when in where they were built. modern open plan offices were built for living in. first you must divide up large areas while ensuring rooms get enough sunlight. and you can't just have one big bathroom for a whole floor. each room needs a ventilation seating and power to stephen painter. the adaptive reuse specialist as even developed an algorithm to measure whether offices or good candidates to be

reincarnated as housing clinics. the sour ronda different aspects and i saw on a key long as the things like the distance between the elevators and the windows. the one, your one bedroom apartments have a nice bedroom or a window or a nice living space with a window to have it. maybe the kitchen and the bathrooms, the back. that's great. a lot of office buildings actually have way too much space between the elevators and the glazing. to make that happen. this means to end up with shiny new apartments. many conversions essentially rebuild everything except the existing foundations. and besides these constraints, make many offices just too much where to convert. according to painters research, roughly 30 percent of offices are ideal candidates. if you look at the us market where we're doing a lot of this look is about 100000000 square feet of office space. and if you come by just the vacancy on about 70 percent of that you can create between 6 and

7000000 new homes. but just turning offices into apartments isn't going to be enough neighborhoods that are just office blocks can be a bit inhospitable calling with finance barrows by day. or if they get the ghost towns outside of business hours can sure and people live not just work there. could change that this neighborhood of frankfort, mito god, which developed as a strong set of offices in the sixties and seventies. given the wild be creative nickname of the people stop for office city, foot by the mid to thousands. nearly one and 3 of the offices were sitting in in 2006. the city began converting the mt office powers into housing creating through mixed use development. now it's filled with places to live shop and go to school instead of just places to work. frankfurt result in the area in turn, parking lots and the green spaces in kindergarten. and it brought in developers to build apartments and shots when they're done,

they'll be 6000 apartments here. there's other stuff that may lead now that the areas livelier, the officers that actually become more attractive. so it's easier to rent them out . he's the 1st to have meetings this pest on the canadian city of calgary, started working with painter to revitalize its downtown in 2021 account. we had about 5 to 8 percent vacancy in their office market, and i was of the time one of the worst and the world and a very quickly actually for our program together, which gives you 75 dollars as class a to compare the building. adams moved on with the red tape out of the way to make these projects move more quickly. the 1st 5 projects and now under construction, represents about $750.00 new homes. and they have 10 more approved painters as much of this housing will be affordable and built with families in mind, thanks to the financial incentives provided by the city doctor for use often has even more red tape the new builds, but we'll have to change if we're going to use this potential to curve emissions. so if you take turns around as an example, there's

a role in the downtown you cannot renting office space is protected as employment months that was created in the seventy's and then just never got it because it, there was no need to change it on. now there's a desperate need to change and that's, that's kind of holding up. these products happening. such arbitrary regulations are quite common and approval for conversions often takes as long as it would for a new build, even though the structure is already in place. since that are 1st office conversion, projects have gone well, then you mean all dress thinks it's verbal, focus more on adaptive for years. many developers have shown interest in these projects in cities like san francisco are supporting office conversions. the kind of support offered me determine the type of housing we get, flipping offices into housing is clearly no quick fix and it's not gonna solve the global housing crisis overnight. footprint per in calgary, do show it to makes it is vastly more livable and it can drastically reduce the environmental impact of relying solely on new build.

let's head to the northeastern stage of makalya, where people are taking them, building with nature to a whole new level. when i say bridges, what comes to mind the golden gate bridge in california or the dollar bridge in london? well, i'm talking about something completely different. have you ever seen a bridge made with actually 3 year olds living and breathing bridges? the people of these hills have countless names for rain and no wonder for this is the, which is really is spots on plan is the monsoon dicks on many farms in the healey state of mean calling in north eastern india. what stops is gentle streams and ends as raging rivers makes life for the 40000 people that live

in this region is really difficult. the coffee table community here, mostly farmers, and the rivers that phone every year got the homes all from the farms and markets. with the community here has found a really unique way to survive and thrive, to a system of living, route bridges, and how to navigate within the site. and i'm go put that in one second on keep dial dial 51. how about i know that i am proud to have built these bridges and leave this legacy for generations to come. now the heat, the lie, and i hope the one to come. that's even better, she said, but we have done. won't come let us yet. it is especially with new technology and better understanding of the science. a lot of these route bridges can last 100 years because they sit higher and they do not grow like yeah, wow. so but to come as a farmer from a village named molly, know,

he started learning to build these root bridges at around 11 years old and is still using his skills 3 decades later. people from his village of building a new one decision to health, especially women get access to the market which helps the local economy. because bridges a special and famous because i like modern bridges the unlike. busy the construction material is mainly wood to that comes from trees that are still living. and usually even more trees are planted to keep them standing, which helps biodiversity here. how they work in the areas who took the epi fi tree led into the trunk of an array, cannot tree where young roads can grow. but most scaffolding gives both the roots and the villages support rubble of figures roots which have the special ability to fuse and grow as one i used by the local people to guide the bridge across through

of a body. it's an epic undertaking. bridges can be over 50 me doesn't length and can have multiple dicks. a single bridge can carry up to 50 people at a time. norris didn't song is also a farmer from this region. and today he's having a day out with his son, teaching him what he was taught his sons nothing. does that mean? now give me. i learned how to be rude. bridges from the age of 15, by my grandfather, giving you it is important to present these road. i just thought i'd like to even be we must teach our children so that the knowledge can be boss down from generation to generation. so that even when i am gone, these judges can this still be used by my gratitude by a i'm m to one. i'm 5, i'm done with the you. you can see it actually takes 2 or even 3 decades for a living bridge to become usable. so children working on

a bridge today doing it to support members of the community, even a few 100 years from now. and they return home on a bridge that the ancestors who and they may have never met. built for them. even of the god is associated just who works with the communities here to preserve the knowledge and skills then they've been with this. this has to be for fix it because we, we've seen the influence of our full flood, those who have thought of how we use then the 2 of the soul says without the 3, the mother up, her belief is that these bridges are the best symbols of the culture of the region and represent the relationship between indigenous communities and the equal system may help in other ways to in the living room. this hospital, a lot of employment opportunities for the people in the soap, the an employment problem and also has increased the income given the thing of the

people in both villages, especially with they've been good with this off, locals look as guides as well as if i couldn't voting the homes into homestead as a night in the homes to in a village with living with bridges. can honor family around 2000 rubies, a $25.00 euros per night. doors in the can be a double edged sword. concrete steps ticketing bullets and was funded by the state government have sprung up and bridges the men to hold a few people at a time beginning to show signs of wet on the hordes of trampling doors and feet 70. ready do macolon villages have now been identified in unesco is 2023 tentative list of was headed to the sides for that bridges. this recognition will increase the popularity and will attract more financial support from the world headed to strong and other institutions. but going forward,

the community emphasizes that they must be front incentive for this kind of sustainable development to remain. and then actually come back when we move forward in building good pages together, imparting knowledge, come generation to generation on how to plant and build these wood. features of this kind of equal engineering supports both biodiversity and the development of native communities. and these bridges are a testament to the fact that bullets can exist at the same time. well, that's quite unique and it is such a new going on my to of the bucket list. are there any such unique, sustainable construction practices that you are seeing around, you know, let us know you can email us or reach out to me directly on my social media handles . i will see you next week until the and they get good bye. the most gosh, the

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