village to another. this is india is new generation. what are they doing in the world's most populous country? what do they want to change in the society to come to the indian aids start june 5th on d, w, the, the buildings and construction sectors as possible for a staggering 37 percent of globally greenhouse gas emissions. how do i come on file? because the body and you're watching, equaling down the construction sector, identity it's waist, causes absolution, and also contaminates. what though it's view all the homes out in lima, but there are ways to make the sex style more sustainable. so let's look at some ideas to build green. india is mountain state him also for this has some of the

countries, most scenic use patients. but as you drive up these mountains, we need to wear them off on many of the roads because of the heavy construction dust. you do reward and residential or develop. heavy construction also tends to weak these mountains. and because of for drilling and signed, mining, lance lives have become a big issue here. indigenous methods of construction could be a way out of this. flat ground for building homes isn't easy to find here and how much of a dish. and yet settlement stopped the mountains all the way up to and i'll do a full 1000 meters in the to this down of now. good would work a little bit. i'm talk about it as well. we're seeing the construction of a home, but locally source material, i think i'm looking up and the methods to build it by the same as those used by generations before him to go home. let it go to measure length. so does does. and it will make, next then was it was one of the 8 of alternately,

is going into looking would be scheduled, are going to give us, give last month to the with and talk with, with the sleep for single body can. but you can try to have the gaps between these . let's go back to the table to method how traditional houses were constructed, use a lot other than other natural materials. tired to divide, it may take a photo, but they may be what it is. rather then from his editors, he learned his skills at the local architecture studio, not it's committed to developing traditional building methods and indigenous craftsmanship. methods such as scott coline and do divided into into modeling techniques that rely solely on locally available stone, wood, and key. in this quick preowned region, they have stood the test of time. so you can have a page that i want to buy some of the car, 20 houses here, a 3 to 400 us liquid. able to do that because of the flexibility of the woods near the, even of these houses. there's no cause for concern around say that's like that. but

in addition to natural materials, allow the buildings to be here. music they're making them comfortable in all season, most in the, the body it at the receiver that the on the buildings that the major draws a to this out examples of got 40 and do divide the architecture. but there will be extends beyond this that takes in not found the solution believes the resilience of these techniques makes them ideal for the fragile legal system of things his and should be used for all new constructions. mm hm. do feel like when we start a new project, we have to look at the land, the site to how the sun and wind patterns are the site. and we have to analyze the slopes to cut the dentist is according to the slope i get off so that ultimately the building looks like it's going out of the mountain rather than just a bulk propped on top of it. other than, like a, like i'm getting this right beforehand is a large part of the effort by the agent's pre modern headed to maybe

a big do this draw most new stuff. josie, a meet from concrete. well, what time be good developments have taken over the steep mountain slopes. a risk says local historian own tongue the honda. he lives in books in the state capital shimla. we've just seen some of the worst effects of unchecked construction party is back the snow done the commodities to off to fall off in the anatomy. you can stay here and there divide that is going to slow down building, but lower the only be complex also. if you happen to so that the water is it is edit and both of us live with is covered as director. and the american college conducted foreign sort of a standard set. it is not suitable for adults tucked us with no 11 studies tech to in that area vendor. think what we're dealing with and

think it's good. like many of the homes destroyed in the city of floods that hit the region in 2023. even those been the strongest, reinforced concrete and steel collapse like a house of god. 71, people lost their lives and many more enjoy the and yet the region is open icing. quicker than ever. the building boom is putting unprecedented pressure on its hits. the natural angle over the force of these hands is not more than $45.00 degrees. that's the highest one. she'll go back to davy, a building on shelves, which are considerably shopper we're going or to store for to 70 or 8 people. certain things we're going with heavy exclamation you're going in with heavy understanding was in the absence all 4 solid struct. all we are going to have from

back in now. good. many of the oldest structures survived the floods without significant damage. this has generated a lot of interest in the not collect is use of traditionally building what it is fun used to be the handling of cycles, but deals improve sustainability and reduce costs. at the new preventive. we begin every project by searching for a gleam would need our storms from old houses at finding late, and even more logs that can be used are restored to the heck we've had help with. i know, john was going to use good thing. if there is nothing on site, as soon as we ask around in nearby towns and villages in so much the try is key. how many the clinton, what do you use going to by working with the game? what do you do then? knowledge also requires a lot of skin and it could be as easy like skin to even working with them. or do you need of the knots, collective runs training workshops and collaborates with over

a 100 local designs like corporate. i'm tuckered in shouting their skills, opposite physical categories. i think i remember when the, if we made the effort to be able to speak over the last future generations, we'll see the advantages and continue to keep the skills like for me. and this is the only way to go if you want to see it, how much of the data for data the designs, hope that by promoting this holistic approach this tiny mountain down can inspire the whole him island region. to build more responsibly by embracing the benefits of its architectural headed, which is to be changed, the material that we use to construct our homes and swap them with something more sustainable. will that make a big difference? let's me take you 2500 kilometers down south for the sake of some of the web. going back to a more natural material to construct the 6 is turning off. not just to be really great with the landlord, but there's also keeping homes pleasantly cool in the summer's. ready a traditional

indian construction combined with modern design in mother, right. and southern seminars will the architect, garth again has been building sustainable houses with metrics for 15 years. and then when the new baby to my house, martin is the main ideas. my brakes are made of nothing but money and 8 both and just implied that in the past we used to use naturalist that blight. this like new to the decline in the sources and they're going to be now add a bit of light and see meant but 92 percent is mike and what does that come with the gate? it wasn't the end of the, the mixture is been compressed into vix with the machine. the advantage of this process is that instead of drying its height and pictures and then oven, they can drive naturally over a pdf those 7 weeks. this reduces the carbon emissions of the manufacturing process . ready in india, more than half of the population,

small items made of money. ready ready but these have generally be mainly lowered income household. now, however, the classes i read is covering the benefits of marked as a building materials. not nice because it's so sustainable. and also because my houses have excellent installation property number model and building the some of the inside. so the house is a stay cool. then doing winter, then nice and well, that's the advantage of them might house go to them and meet it, affords that advantage is that the costs of building a month house that's competitive. you know, it's a natural and abundant drama, tedium, and times for the good in the plan. we did months, houses, electricity costs can be applied to codes low. so it's a traditional building practice. it helps gonzalez, resources building from scratch is not something that'd be 4 ways need to do, especially in densely populated cities where that can be more creative solutions to

create more living space. republishing. existing buildings could be one such way. if you live in a city, there's a pretty good chance or living through a housing crisis. rent in the major cities are skyrocketing, and this is happening all around the world. at the same time, housing has grown scarce. some buildings stand empty, downtown fine for it looks like just but any other big city central business, public leaving high rises do high then alarming fact. nearly 10 percent of a city is offices, are facing other major cities around the globe have vacancy rates that high or even higher. so why don't we just convert empty offices into housing for people worldwide? well, many of us are back in the office working from home is here to stay. for instance,

35 percent of us workers who can work from home still do and plenty only come into the office on occasion. but if they can, workspaces are entering new problem long before the pandemic eating officers were already becoming less desirable. it hasn't been for about the last 10 years of the trend. the record flight to quality stephen painter, in architect that one of the world's biggest firms, focuses on adaptive reuse. people when, when you're in a lease is an old buildings or guidance of the new laws that will be built because they offer that kind of amenities. the kind of locations people and all these empty officers are in just a waste of space. they mean less rent for owners, lower tax revenue for cities and the decline of entire neighborhoods. we have beautiful buildings. we have a wonderful plaza as we have sort of all of the physical assets. we just have vacant buildings. and so you don't see that vibrancy used to, you know, kind of look down these key car doors. and you would see just streams of people,

you know, coming down the street and you don't see that as much anymore. literally along the leaves of planner in san francisco, another studio dressing high vacancies almost 95 percent of our tax revenue comes from business tax from downtown, about 80 percent of our g. d. p. came from from downtown companies in 2021. it is our economic engine and so it needs to thrive so the city can thrive. roughly one 3rd of offices are vacant in san francisco. the 3rd most expensive housing market in the us. at the same time, the ongoing construction of new housing is causing a whole different host of problems in order to meet climate targets, but also other sustainability targets. we will need to actually stick with what's already built printing. now, how bad researches urban sustainability at stock comes royal institute of technology. even if this new production of housing and buildings is done with

very energy efficient and an optimized technologies, this won't be enough. we will also need to reduce the total amount of new production. and this is what brings us to frankfurt. i checked out an ongoing conversion project. an office tower built in the 90s will soon be reborn, is around $150.00 furnished apartments. then you mean all brush the developers regional european head is excited about adaptive reuse? the data for the environmental factor is obvious, since the building show is already standing and i'm a show alone usually accounts for about 50 percent of emissions during construction . it's a, a fairly significant portion of the tile, but it doesn't only save on emissions. revamping and office building can be up to 30 percent cheaper and construction can be done in half the time. that depends on the project. this one wasn't much cheaper than a new build,

but speed play the big part of the offensive side. i think the time factor is really critical. yeah. it allows us to start generating rental income through the property pretty quickly. a re purposing an old building to survey new function. it's called adaptive reuse and can extend to structures like think of turning old factories into artist swabs or warehouses into ubiquitous street food holes. retrofitting and existing structure is a lot more complicated than planning. everything from scratch. as developers have found out, apartments and officers aren't always a $1.00 to $1.00 fit. it depends on when in where they were built. modern, open plan offices were built for living in. first, you must divide up large areas while ensuring rooms get enough sunlight and you can't just have one big bathroom for a whole floor. each room needs a ventilation seating and power to stephen painter. the adaptive reuse specialist as even developed an algorithm to measure whether offices or good candidates to be

reincarnated as housing clinics. so however, on the different aspects and some of the key long as the things like the distance between the elevators and the windows, you want your one bedroom apartments, have a nice bedroom or a window or a nice living space with a window to have it maybe the kitchen and the bathrooms, the back, that's great. a lot of office buildings actually have way too much space between the elevators and the glazing. to make that happen. this means to end up with shiny new apartments. many conversions essentially rebuild everything except the existing foundations. and besides these constraints, make many offices just too much work to convert. according to painters research. roughly 30 percent of offices are ideal candidates. if you look at the us market where we're doing a lot of this look is about 100000000 square feet of office space. and if you come by just the vacancy of about 70 percent of that,

you can create between 6 and 7000000 new homes. but just turning offices into apartments isn't going to be enough. neighborhoods that are just office box can be a bit inhospitable calling with finance barrows by day. or if they get the ghost towns outside of business hours to turn people live, not just work there. could change that this neighborhood of frankfort, mito god, which developed as a strong set of offices in the sixties and seventies. given the wild be creative nickname of the people stop for office city, but by the mid to thousands, nearly one in 3 of the offices were sitting in in 2006, the city began converting the mc office powers into housing creating through mixed use development now it's filled with places to live shop p and go to school instead of just places to work for rezone area and turn the parking lots and the green spaces in kindergarten. it brought in developers to build apartments and shots. when they're done,

they'll be 6000 apartments here. there's other stuff that may lead now that the areas lively or the offices that actually become more attractive. so it's easier to rent them out. he's the 1st to have meetings. this pass on the canadian city of calgary, he started working with painter to revitalize its downtown in 2021 calvary had about 38 percent vacancy in their office market and i was of the time one of the worst and the world and a very quickly actually for our program together, which gives you $75000.00 square foot to combine the building and move forward with the red tape out of the way to make these projects move more quickly. the 1st 5 projects and now under construction, represents about $750.00 new homes. and they have 10 more approved painters as much of this housing will be affordable and built with families in mind . thanks to the financial incentives provided by the city doctor for use often has even more red tape. the new builds that will have to change it for going to use has potential to curve emissions. so if you take turns around as an example, there's

a role in the downtown you cannot really get office space is protected as employment months that was created in the seventy's and then just never got it because it, there was no need to change it on. now there's a desperate need to change and that's kind of holding up, which part is happening? such arbitrary regulations are quite common and approval for conversions often takes as long as it would for a new build, even though the structure is already in place. since that are 1st office conversion, projects have gone well, then you mean all dress thinks it's verbal focus more on adaptive reuse. many developers have shown interest in these projects in cities like san francisco are supporting office conversions. be kind of support offered me, determine the type of housing we get flipping offices into housing is clearly no quick fix and it's not gonna solve the global housing crisis overnight. footprint per in calgary, do show it to makes it is vastly more livable and it can drastically reduce the environmental impact of relying solely on new built.

let's have to the northeastern stage of makalya where people are taking them, building with nature to a whole new level. when i say bridges, what comes to mind the golden gate bridge in california or the dollar bridge in london? well, i'm talking about something completely different. have you ever seen a bridge made with actually 3 adults living and breathing bridges? the people of these hills have countless names for rain and no one the foot. this is the west, just really of spots on planet of the monsoon dicks on many farms in the hilly state of maine, calling in northeastern india. what stops is gentle streams and ends as raging rivers makes life for the 40000 people that live in this region. is really

difficult because the tribal community here mostly farmers and the rivers that phone every year got the homes all from this thumbs and markets. but the community here has found a really unique way to survive and thrive, to a system of living route, bridges. the and how to navigate within the site and i'm go put that in one second on keep dial out that one. how about on another? i am proud to have built these bridges and leave this legacy for generations to come. now the heat, the lie, and i hope the one to come that's even better understand what we have done won't come let us yet. it is especially with new technology and better understanding of the science. a lot of these route bridges can last 100 years because they sit higher and they do not grow like yeah, wow. so but to come is a follow from

a village named molly. know he started learning to build these root bridges at around 11 years old. and is still using his skills 3 decades later people from his village of building the new one decision to health, especially women get access to the market which helps the local economy. because bridges are special and famous because unlike modern bridges, the, unlike. busy the construction material is mainly word to that comes from trees that are still living. and usually even more trees applauded to keep them standing, which helps biodiversity here. how they work in the areas who took the epi fi tree led into the trunk of an array cannot tree where young roads can grow. that moves, scaffolding gives both the roots and the villages supports rubble, figures, roots which have the special ability to fuse and grow as one i used by the local people to guide the bridge across through of about it's an epic undertaking.

bridges can be over 50 me doesn't length and can have multiple dicks. a single bridge can carry up to 50 people at a time. norris been song is also a farmer from this region. and today he's having a day out with his son, teaching him what he was taught his sons. nothing. does that no, no, i'm not any. i learned how to been rude. bridges from the age of 15 by my grandfather giving you. it is important to present these road. i just thought i'd like to even be we must teach our children so that the knowledge can be boss down from generation to generation. so that even when i am gone, these judges can this still be used by my grand july to allow him to run on right. on the side, you can see it actually takes 2 or even 3 decades for a living bridge to become usable. so children working on

a bridge today doing it to support members of the community, even a few 100 years from now. and they return home on a bridge that the ancestors who and they may have never met, built for them. you know, the god is a social, a just who works with the communities here to preserve the knowledge and skills then they've been with this. this has to be to fix that because we, we've seen the influence of a will for, for those who has both of how we use the nature of the soul, says without the throwing the mother up. her belief is that these bridges are the best symbols of the culture of the region and represent the relationship between indigenous communities and the equal system. and they help in other ways to in the living room. this hospital, a lot of employment opportunities for the people in the soap, the unemployment problem,

and also has increased the income during the thing of the people in both villages, especially with they've been good with this off, locals look as guides as well as if i couldn't voting the homes into homestead as a night in a home. stay in a village with living with printers, scan on a family around 2000 rubies, a $25.00 euros per night doors and though can be a double edged sword. concrete steps ticketing bullets and was funded by the state government have sprung up and bridges the men to hold a few people at a time beginning to show signs of wet on the hordes of trampling doors and feet 70. ready do me call in villages have now been identified in unesco is 2023 tentative list of was headed to the sides for that bridges. this recognition will increase the popularity and will attract more financial support from the world headed to strong and other institutions. but going forward,

the community emphasizes that they must be front incentive for this kind of sustainable development to remain. and then it should come as we move forward in building good pages together, imparting knowledge from generation to generation on how to plant and build these with bridges level this kind of equal engineering supports both biodiversity and the development of native communities. and these bridges are a testament to the fact that both can exist at the same time. well, that's quite unique and it is such a new going on my traveler bucket list. are there any such unique, sustainable construction practices that you are seeing around, you know what i just know you can email us or reach out to me directly on my social media handles. i will see you next week until the and they get goodbye. the most gosh, the

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is printing so comfortable.