let's say together, nick always talks about community life on the service. the research is now on the almost 50 degrees manual feel, well, not even know what it feels like to be standing here right now. in fact, neither did i until a few years ago. hello and welcome. i'm sorry to go throughout the annual watching ico india. and right now we're in india as capital new daddy or hear the temperatures in the past. months have been reaching. zach gord heights. residents have been suffering from heat stress like never before. for us to shorten

this temperature is a challenge like no other i keep getting these goosebumps because of the heat. i did not even know it was possible. our devices overheat and gone call. we got the water. something for the hydration and umbrella and the sweat cloth to keep our heads on faces. cool. but we can't afford this, elaborate that a fun area and all sorts a 6 when we need them the what about relax and lacks of those guns around 90 percent of people in india work in the informal sector. their livelihoods depend on them being out here under the sun. last to those, the large i see this time with the question. what 1000, what them into that out and this is the only when it is this,

or do we get 6 month old often with the call include fee good. i would even before this insight out about climate change is making heat waves longer and hot all across the globe. and also in india, a recent study found the extreme temperatures in india in may, 4, made $45.00 times more likely as a result of global warming. human binding of fossil fuels is allows me to release energy from the sun is limited by the us into the atmosphere as keeps the greenhouse gases like c o 2 and maintain it. select some of the fix that this makes the warmer overall it was in the beginning of fossil fuels in cars and that sees on me xena machines, some like stuff. heat is affecting the health off many walk us also income. some adults predicted to take a door on india productivity with the loss of working hours in 2050,

amounting to the equivalent of 34000000 for time job. but we push one foot. i've changed that with them. they put into too much and layer to put together, but we want that gauge to get into it. okay? so they can get better jobs and not have to lay costs as an industry. hospitals have been reporting to be using cases of heat stroke patient symptoms, and you would see the hydration, digestive complaints and seizures. there is an increased risk of heart and organ female and even death. we are right outside ron bundle, are really all posts, which is, which is one of the cities be yes. the hospital is done by the central government and was the 1st to set up a special heat stroke unit in india. patients into degree condition in must either an inflatable or boxed up filled with ice to pour down their body temperature. some require artificial respiration. cooling dumps are also used to treat patients in

a more stable condition. this works up to a keys and households with access to a 1000 dice. even use stroke, patients can be managed at home on. so if everybody's having the refrigerator and they have worked up so they can the most, the person in the ice cold war to bring the temperature, it takes off an hour to 40 minutes for the temperature to go down and then simultaneously call for the ambulance. and plans for the patient to the hospital. such a emergencies are only likely to increase climate change has been driving up to with temperatures, on average by 1.3 degrees celsius. since the pre industrial era, in less than 50 yards over $2200000000.00 people in india, i mean that's why we could be living in temperatures beyond human dollar. and so going to a studies there's a joint consent system on scientists that extreme,

he needs to be classified as a major dissolve to for under dissolves, to manage control that would take the emergency funding for measures like the creation of sheets, spaces, 3 water distribution, others reorganization of school is scheduled as india keeps getting hotter and hotter, people are, would be looking for innovations to help combat the impact of climate change. and they've got to the admissions that are causing it agriculture as a sector that is responsible for a part of the daughters greenhouse gas emissions, which are responsible for warming our planet. but it is also a sector that is heavily impacted by rising temperatures. making changes can be difficult for farmers, but that are schemes that can offer incentives to promote these changes by changing the way they walk off almost can reduce the greenhouse gas emissions on the fields

and exchange these for credits which can lead to, to be exchanged for actual money, but how can invisible emissions be created? well, the ccr says a put into a good, a farmer and number 6 has made the switch to sustainable agriculture. she practices 0 to this bombing wheat weaves, i'm not allowed before. so a traditional goes to ration usually in was feeling it removes done, profess the story for funding, but it can lead to saw, i think the nation and it, it, we should guard no longer bones. crumbs w, i the using it for marching. instead of this reduces images and aids moisture retention free nor fill out the land. and after bandanna the we can easily grow the v like a the somebody which is in the field. we put the greens on it and then we again

with the cut, the pulse carter we've got that the estoppel. and that all set those down and you know, bombs is moms and with the blame it it has to grow. so that can uh, save diesel uh, also the noise bargaining of somebody. she learned about sustainable sunday to go in to go. the start of his farm was did reach cobb and credits adopt plan with century practices. i think go indigo stuff also regularly visits, funds during the when it's about just being able to met the whole get that said that it cannot get back on academic for example, 0 delayed, you beat it bills. so he thought when it moves carbon dioxide from the f and bid, so i got but it's like funding of the underground government credit, a certificate that domestic for international companies or organizations can buy the off sick. the own carbon footprint formulas. who to do is greenhouse gas emissions receive payments for the credit. the company gauges the impacts as well

as that is possible. what has company going to go? does it measures important? defies the environment, the benefits and companies that it will pay for this benefit level focused on sustainability and the money that comes close to the fibers. so that is all about the government. the start to excess, but it almost feels with the latest technology to keep track of comp and savings. employees born into each fees with the head of satellite images. the data is fed into a mathematical model which then predicts the images saved within a defined easiest one certified carbon unit is include one done all 5 and outside. now how much is one done? no carbon dioxide. it's almost driving 4000 kilometers because you say that again, there's no jobs families hope the government credit team will provide additional revenue and it gets now the verification process. a school where the sale of the

carbon credits will be completed by the end of the year growing, then they will know how much they have both the potential benefits of, of almost a clear but ex goods will, and that the international copland trading system is not without its done site, it has its own climbing cords and it will have to understand that the emission reductions that are generated within india, how are they to be sorted outside india in what conditions at what price? because any credit that is sort of outside india is that the cost of discounting it from it goes on climate. the interest in the government credit scheme is growing. switching to most sustainable methods, introducing c o 2 emissions gifts fund was a john for posting earnings, making environment infinity. i'd be go to an attractive financial prospect to fossil fuels. i bought of the major causes for climate change and we do need to

move away from them. but this is not as easy. how does a state like top garden, which has overall quantity of invest option causes of uh, fines, new and origin or jobs for the 2. okay. and this isn't just a problem in india that's had to germany's origin, which was once the country's follow house to see how they are making this transition to industry that leads phasing out over the next few decades. the global fossil fuel industry is going to change with a new opportunities, jobs, and even levels of press. barrett, you will arise. but for one region it germany, the transition is most critical is and if i can contribute to driving this hydrogen production and i'll be extremely proud of myself. and this actually, if it doesn't work in the real reason it won't work anywhere on the, the ruler valley used to be germany's industrial power house with its coal mines

and steel manufacturing. the region is located in germany's far west, close to the netherlands and belgium. section so it says i used to be a coal mine, but operations ended in the late 19 eighties. now it houses the museum as well as offices for tech companies. let's see what's happening here is preservation through conversion and transformation. that's i think you can see that very well here and you can take good experiences from it. and those are transferable over the top coal from germany's will region hasn't been economically viable since the 19 sixty's when plans were made to shut down the regions. coal production workers, they are organized unions, politicians and industry banded together to support the miners. what does my husband comes unemployed for then? that little bit of hope that lights up we shine us the women from day one. that's also going to vanish. the german government important money into coal companies to

keep these jobs. but realizing that coal wasn't future proof, politicians change their strategy, choosing to retrain workers and support small businesses. it's a process experts say worked well, but the political experiments had to be abandoned in the 19 ninety's, after germany's reunification, public funding was diverting to germany's eastern regions that were in dire need of investment. even today, the roar lags behind the rest of germany. to but one thing has worked well for the region, the push towards education and research for the past 20 years. the hydrogen and fuel cells center into sports has brought scientists, industry, and politicians together and researches new technologies. because the region is still looking for new sources of energy. if you see me, we have a very large chemical industry. we have a very large steel industry and we've grown up with industry. and that for as part of a gene was always done by the fact that we are an industrial region and the chance

to make this technology this industry green now is a great opportunity for us. it has great potential there developing technologies that can use hydrogen as a power source for german industry and consumers. some on such a grew up in the roy area, tend to always wanted to work on renewable energy sources like hydrogen, fuel cells. otherwise, we can use it to achieve emissions, free electricity generation on one. and if i can be positive driving this hydrogen production forward, then i'll be extremely proud of myself, but softly. over the next few years, the roar valley will be uniquely positioned to gain from germany's push towards hydrogen, because a lot of the infrastructure is already in place. the region will connect into a hydrogen grid, because germany can produce enough hydrogen itself. it will import it. but why the networks construction is supposed to start in 2024 p funding questions remain

unsolved. still, industry insiders and politicians are upbeat that hydrogen will transform the router valley. this view fauria really does exist, simply because if it doesn't work out in the region, then it won't work anywhere else in europe or in germany. and i believe that all actors are aware of the kind of exemplary character. we have 4 page contract off of the list, but not every when in the transition, you know, recent wage settlement to steal workers work with coke. punch, a remedy of, of cold are seeing their working hours in wages decline. but experts say the hydrogen boom will bring thousands of new jobs and preserve manufacturing jobs that already exist in the roar valley. we expect that the labor market will pick up in these existing industrial areas rather than in the generation of renewable energy itself. energy. germany is still in the process of

quitting cold and the war region is still struggling with at least 50 years of transition. other regions that need to do the same, a struggle to what many regions probably don't have is the drive the power and also the financial resources and all of this, it costs a lot of money. that's for sure. it's difficult to say for sure how much the transition away from coal will cost germany's war region in the end. but it's safe to say that the transition will cost many billions of yours. do you know where the energy is essentially to combat in climate change? and solar power is a growing chunk of the clean energy by in india and beyond. most of us would have seen the solar panels somewhere on the top of a building. maybe, you know, sort of block or even in balconies. but the solar panels on does sustainable as

we'd like to be the regular photo sales, you know, i made with silicon and they actually quite inefficient. converting some light into energy only about 20 to 25 percent of sunlight can be captured on a commercial size. but that silicon needs to be mine and purified in energy intensive processes that require more than $1000.00 degree celsius of heat. but a new interior, the cold, corrupt cut might actually be able to solve all of this. it can be easily synthesized and doesn't need to be mind like silica as it can work on to in film. so you probably a smart house speaker, but it also it can go on your roof to understand why it says appear out to you a spend that silicon. so i went here the how much central i'm in building. they've been researching postcards as sun absorbing materials for about a decade. hey, how are you doing? good. and this is the guy in charge of the research and steve, i even said world records for the most efficient pulse guides solar cells.

so on a very basic level, what does perhaps kind of look like the temper off guard is a very generic term for a specific crystal structure, right? you can see that here over there. so the christmas structure has the 80 x 3 formula . and like each component is the sort and i the element for a molecule. one of the most common combinations in the structure is methyl ammonium as the a on the corners. the metal lots for be in the center and the chloride or iodide as the ex, which foam around the metal. but there's quite a vast range of materials that can be used and combined. and it's quite wild how easily these can be put together. oh, this is 11 fine and but before we do that, security 1st as we are going to up with toxic flat with one of the all that's good

to go. look at it. like i mentioned that an okay time to get in our base materials. matthew mixes, methyl ammonium, chloride, and let i o die too late to create or abs for you. crystal structure, by the way, everything happens in these boxes so that no water or oxygen comes in contact with our precious peroxide. so what is now the advantage of these materials compared to silicon? so i believe that one of the main advantages of prostate or silicon as material is the ease of processing. so silicon is something that is relatively energy intensive to fabricate. but this is something that can be done at post to room temperature, so it doesn't require much energy. so it's easy to do. everything is relatively abundant. and so, um it, it's, it shouldn't be a bottleneck for production. so these based materials are more abundant then

silicon and easier to process. now we have the base materials, but how do we make is some absorbing pulse guide out of it. so i deposit the solution of prostate and then it spins up quite fast. so something like, uh, $4000.00 revolutions for per minute. and then i dropped on a solving solution and that drives the, the crystallization. the method that matthew is using here, it's called spin coating, but pearls kind solar cells can also be directly printed onto surfaces using similar processes to those useful printing newspapers. another method is that parades and perhaps guides onto surfaces. spend code things usually takes place in the lab environment and it can be tedious. matthew accidentally dropped the glass, not a big problem in the lab environment, but for commercial production,

this is not viable. matthew gives it a 2nd try and this time everything works. after the spin coating it goes onto a heating plate and the darkening shows us that the crystals are being formed. it works the same way as when salt water evaporates and you start to see the salt. there also is like this one here which are only made out of rough guide, but in many cases there's a silicon layout beneath. so the cells, i quote 10 themselves and look like this. right now they are the most promising candidates when it comes to increasing the efficiency of solar cells. but at some point, it might be possible to a balance that it can completely test that 10 themselves efficiency. the research is at hand, hard sent home, use a some simulator. it determines exactly how much sunlight is converted into electricity. what kind of efficiency that we just measured? so when we measure almost 30 percent, quite nice achievement. why does it tend them? so

a cell reach that much more efficiency than single jacksonville. so sometimes all samples may much more use of the incoming lights, so we have a long so long spectrum there's a lot. so they have a spectrum kind of the parents guy. so also in this case, makes use of the visible wavelength. so everything which we can see by i, it's been converted into pay perilous, got installed on sale into electrical energy. where is the in for red light passes through the parasite sale and he's been converted into silicon salsa which is quite deficient you converting infrared line. so the share of the spectrum in each cell is very efficient in the region. it doesn't sound like that much, but i just has me this way, roughly 50 percent more. some lights can be converted into electrical energy. so more overall sunlight can be a saw con by any of these tendons. so yeah, because before they go into serious production, normal stuff that needs to be

a major issue is the stability of peril. scott structures using 10 themselves peril . scott structures easily put together at low temperatures as we saw earlier, but they also come apart easily. even the charges that tremble through the pearl, scott and the solar cell can create defects and destroy the power of god. structures. also external factors like moisture, heat, oxygen, and u. v. light can break it down further and quickly decrease its record breaking efficiency. this whole process is called degradation, which researches and companies are trying to fight with different forms of m calculation. it's use of the solar modules from accidental influences and is an essential spent for commercialization to sales, which is part of a do a p and academia and industry partnership plans to develop commercial sized modules with an efficiency of 26 percent of a lifetime of 30 gifts, oxford,

p. b. a company founded by oxford university graduates has reached and efficiency of 28.6 percent and supposedly sold the degradation issue already. but most companies haven't published verifiable data yet. that also isn't even a lot of research on real world outdoor tests. and until now we've only talked about the technical side of things by telling them. so let's have another thing coming. if have about skype is going to go anywhere, it will need to be cheaper then press that then, or request that i said it cut on a pet well basis. this is jenny chase, she's analyzed the solar market for 18 years and found that the solar analysis team at blue book. and yes, let's go to be the one of cost po, up, which is coming, the $12.00 us cents per well, and it will be 12 by next year according to the international renewable energy agency. since 2010 costs for electricity from solar have declined. but 89 percent

globally, it's now more expensive to install silicon panels than it is to make them meaning the limiting factor for solar on manufacturing costs. but grid connection land permits, all label for installation. it really comes down to the company that sells the cost of dependency fact uh and mothers just to get these into stable volume production will make a lot of money. if nobody does, then solar will still get billed. one company that claims it has sold the degradation issue is ox for tv. it says together with partners, it comes to the modules in the middle of 2024, and that we'll have utility scale sort of packs with 10 themselves in 2026 or 20. 27. looking at today is the efficiency number solar pack like that will generate 25 percent more energy then comparable silicon sold at parks, solar panels. those have a good rates potential, but there's still

a lot of things that need to fall into place for them to work. and i'm really, really curious if they're actually going to be on the market next year on reading this has now become the was teeth wave that the india has ever seen. and it is like you to get to us. but that is still the whole. i'm solutions that can help us prevent the worst possible outcomes of climate change. how is the temperature where you live and all that any solutions that are actually working? do let us know you can email us or reach out to me directly on my social media handles. i will see you next week until then take it would by let us gosh, the

or the very easy prey and causative commodity. exhausted by supplies. the most beautiful and red traded will divide often illegally. the consequence, many times are endangered. conservationists are trying to save what they can inside fix those 6 by 6 nitrate. in 15 minutes on the w to the points. strong opinions. international perspective.

germany's leading industry looks to be losing speed, as it's formerly venerable carmakers are overtaken by electric vehicles made in china or terrace. the answer find to have on to the for the to the pulling in 90 minutes on d. w. the systems can be used for christopher jones. this is the real challenge itself. needs to be an incredibly scarce way. the heck us transforming business is onset leo media. and let's just greenwashing watch. now.

it's dream of revolution. in 1979 that he said dictates as somoza was forced out of that changed my life. the people hoped for a sara kenton. i imagined we would change the world. tens of thousands of messages from all over the world. wanted to help reconstruct the country. this mission became the dream. it was simply a spirit of optimism where we encouraged each other, so many things were suddenly imaginable. there are the most recent and make it a dream of revolution. dots july 20th dw, the,

this is the, the news lives from ballot. tensions arising between south korea and russia of letting me boots insides, a new defense deal with north korea and lead up kim jones. so says it's new to the neighbor could be emboldened by the pack to go to the stress of peace in the region . also coming up and is really a strife, reportedly damages in school and gaza. these are the minutes of it continues. it's bombardment of the palestinian territory, even though is it 3 versus colson. it's, it's objectives saying it's no longer believes the minutes in group how mosse can be completely eliminate.