that also plenty more news and information on our website, the www dot. com. and you can follow us on our social media kinds. our handle is dw news. so next a dw documentary, look at the fusion, set you in for that. for me, the team here take care of the growing us interagency as a palestinian and driven on we don't expect much living with a bare minimum without civil rights and with no cost. this is not a good environment. yeah, no, no, my children and favorite shadow starts oldest good on the w. so my days, thoughts, thoughts of 4?

in the morning, we are in the cells of friends near my site, and we are to to bring this company around 102 minutes to the site. the d. n. a key lounge, the energy landscape is in flux worldwide. the reality is, demand for energy is growing. wagner in a key fixed date, the issue of energy has become very urgent. and in order to address the problem of this planet, we have to work for us that i think fusion could be the game changer. we urgently need safe and clean sources of energy for our planet is nuclear fusion. the answer to the energy and climate crisis will scientists and engineers be able to unleashed the potential of fusion before it's too late. 100 years from now to energy, our grandchildren scripts, mission,

ultimately the discoveries of our research belong to the well nuclear fusion is a process that occurs naturally in the sun. scientists want to mimic that process on earth. thousands have been researching just for over 30 years. in april 2020, the 1st magnetic coil was delivered for eaters, experimental reactor we're seen today to best of the real big layers of pizza ease, easier is the biggest and most complex project. the human beings has ever tackled you to, to help the horses placing the galaxy right here. and the code is placed on a, just a few minutes away down that the fuel that we need tending accessible for fusion is the most natural thing. there is a process of the subs on the

a nuclear fusion is fundamentally different from nuclear station, which is generating power by splitting, adams eaters, the biggest fusion research project in the world. here the united states, russia, china, europe, and other partners are working side by side. because all are convinced by the potential a fusion technology behind me is the construction site of the dates of project. this is we're talking like reactive would be located . this is what we're trying to do. we need to get the physics or to do it in an environment which will be utilize or building the future as a commercial source and not something where we do an experiment. somebody get some number prize and then, and it's over, i think that's intentionally, that is to have a future beyond researchers that the sprawling ease or complex are approaching. this ma'am, is task using magnetic confinement fusion or in c. s,

at the heart of the project is the token like when it's completed, this fusion machine will weigh 23000 tons made up of millions of parts from around the world. the donut shaped vacuum vessel alone will wait. 8000 tons. well actually we are now in the assembly hold of each other. this is where a lot of activity is happening right now. and this is where we put together the 9 sections of the veteran vessel before they are being actually lifted into the target market. and fully assembled over there, the renal veto, his relay to demonstrate both the principal and the technology, and the safety aspects on the device which has the size of a react. after that, the industry will have the recipe if you wish to construct the reactor of the futures and to make that a series product. so these 18 blocks that just c surrounding the center here.

now the supports for the turmoil or the shaped vertical documents that was around the vessel. and in the end, when this is going to be removed, there will be a massive, powerful magnet on the inside. it's the central solar noise. this will be the strongest maintenance ever built by mankind is in here. i'm doing fine. horses back on behind us is a big vacuum bessie. this one for example, comes from korea. we also have bathroom vessels from europe, from italy. the brought here, then you have people and once everything is put together we will actually have then the fusion machine in you and this is going to be wherever the fusion reaction takes place, where i spun. that would be back on this. oh, okay. and i've talked to the box number, so you would off 214 ford who would for the blanket re pulled back up there. so i'm fixing the customer and roughly about $600.00, because square in there, you just think it in the, in the, in 10 or 20 years,

we won't be able to stand or any more because that will be far too hot. is the number of the times we're aiming to replicate the sun in here, right behind me is where the vacuum vessel will be designed. and these vacuum vessels are the central component of the whole fusion process. then it can be as being about, you know, 20 binion block. so it's the order of magnitude. and it's likely to go a little bit north of that if i'm going to see or so that depends on the way you see it. the cost of that loss was up in the middle east to us between a 10200000000000. so i think of this, we have 2 things with things in context here on site that we have about 5000 people . we have 7 members and of course, and you to, you know, how many you, you, you know, congress that, but you to come this one. i think that's here. we leave the passport the, the entrance. and indeed, the, that i've, some you could answer that actually came originally to the restaurant for the nation. it goes to clean, you know, it's, it's not,

it's not per se contributes to either it's quite remarkable. i think that in either there is a still a consensus and focus so we'll just members to try to get this. uh this. yes, a project realized together. try to sort of the please contribute, let's say contribute to the solution or we're in the christ. that workshop, it shows on the web site and what's coming into site right now is actually the last piece of the christ itself that we're putting together here. basically a giant, tim is the reason for that is that it will create an environment that protects the vacuum inside and the cold temperatures. what's happening right now here, it's because of the price that it's being billed to, but just see up top of that. it's basically just the top lid, it's $3800.00 tons altogether, all 4 sections together. and as you can see by the size, it's 13 inches across. it will be 30 meters high. you just con, transport that easily. so all the pods have actually come from india have been well

to 2 together into the full sections, usually set them the technology which is very, very complex. and so how the speed to be deployed is a question mark. the principles fusion is that we want to take light particles and smashed them against each other as hard as we can. and when we do that's, they will fuse as the word. and part of their mass was transformed into energy. in managing, in mass or ultimately interchangeable, you can transform mass into energy and the energy into mass. it works in both directions, either based on that as a famous formula, as equals times the squids, everyone knows that the energy we can harvest, we can pick it up, then power our houses, our industries, our, our systems in society. what we need to get this actual fusion reaction to happen is we need to initial reactance to get close enough that they will actually fuse into a final product. unfortunately, this is fairly difficult and the main reason for that is that off to initial

reactance are both positively charged. and in the same way that 2 positive ends of a magnet will repel each other. so all the a solution for me it's, it's a bit complicated process like of when you try to bring to similar people together in society, it always gets complicated. and likewise, when you have a too small, positively charged particles, when you try to bring them together it's, it's always good company here. so, for example, when you have to hydrogen, accept those when detailing and will increase your book being positively charged. and you tried to bring them together that event because of the electrostatic forces being involved. but if you images them enough that they can overcome this right here. and they come together and diffuse and diffuse. a lot of fusion energy is being created. of course, during this process a high energy neutrons being ejected and add football, which is commonly known as helium is being created. and this fusion image it can then be converted to electricity is still called when there's no, there's

a dave which is sort of future. then before you went into a fusion happens in the sun's cool and extreme condition with the thing, it's extremely hot and it's very dense, which is x. that's one reason why the sun or some random stuff, home economy simply trunk problems into those and pumped yet because it only works in space. so our approach has to be a bit different then. and then beacon to the sun is very things like all the stars and gravity mix on the mass of the sun stick together. now we can quite to make a start that bank in town and board tree. so we have to come up with something smart. so even when we say we use sort of energy, we're actually going to use the energy coming out of the fusion reaction and recreate this conditions or try to recreate simular conditions. then those that these take are taking place into something. just try to take a shortcut this year. one way is plasma confinement and it took them back inside

the reactor, the donut shaped vacuum bessolo surrounded by electromagnets. a tiny amount of hydrogen injected into the vacuum is plenty. and then you switch on this fully noise, which is in the middle of the, of the talk about this by the magic of physics. creates kinetic trip, feels in this still not the hydrogen isotopes, deuterium and tritium began to swirl around in the vacuum. and initial heating system converts the gas into a plasma. the further heating processes using electromagnetic waves and neutral particle injection are required in order to heat the plasma temperatures of a 150000000 degrees celsius. and then the process of fusion starts, the particles can look for each other sufficiently for us. so the cube and then to produce energy, then you have a sudden inside your cage,

neutrons interest charge. so they don't know what comes at bio magnets and they fly off and hit the water and it reacts. so what you would do is you'd, you'd have to sort of blanket on the wall. and as the neutral slows down in the blanket, it hits the metal. so when you do that, it's possible to, through the whole pulls that water tends to steam with any tech doesn't in santa bites. kind of just the dyslexia box doing in our, in house stations, we look at making any confinement. that's the only process that has really survived and are we in evolution of fusion systems over 60 years and more efficient research . there's also another type which is called a national confinement, which requires you to just get very, very high densities and temperatures for short period of time. most commonly, this is done with lasers, but there are other approaches and using more sort of pneumatic, just straight up physical methods to compress something and talking like instead of

either a singular in that, then both magnetic confinement, both those to come x has emerged as the most conventional way of trying to confine plasma and they have reached marvelous results and comes in and of the talk is a stellar 8th of which actually wasn't invented before the talking about. but it was so complex and it's design and it's construction that it remains as a mutual causing something to say. once finished the each or token mac fusion reactor will be the largest of its kind worldwide. meanwhile, the world's biggest stellar radar fusion device is located in northern germany. the project is called vento stein, 7 ex vendors done as i find back in by us, vento stein is a mountain and then hiking trail and the very end of the pods. wind up the mountain in a way that's reminiscent of the shape of the magnets that we have in this machine. yeah. like you need to do that. and so that's one reason us as,

as i'm going. and secondly, because the oldest still. all right, so is this a 1st accelerated to actually get off and running? was in the mid 19 fifties of princeton as long the project director line. and some pizza was a famous astrophysicist and an avid mountain climate. i to diamond spits, so i'm going to, i still presented, he called the research web project manager on a bundle that we have some quick quick, my telephone cannot and zanna heisenberg, so word and said, then we'll name a project down for a mountain to defend. so this project is called vento stein. this is a split zillow race. a project in germany has the name of this bavarian mountain, but it's located income or any of that's known as a mountain of clothes. but as a machine with a mental stine 7 x, still a right to a knob defendants in major fusion research facility and located here at the max planck institute. eugene pride, spot log onto this invitation. you, i'm not spending screwed. understand alton kaiser? but then mike's blank society decided to show its muscles when it had the 1st large scale plus stairs and had the knowledge and the know how to then going up to mice.

these still rate the devices. yeah, i'm in central unit, so we have 450 employees here and for you. and so for roughly coughing, technical and engineering stuff is of the of the thesis is that the same computer experts predict given orange compute x path. yeah, that's just a total of the taurus whole size values of interest on 7 x that you have it's yeah, yeah i'm, it is a lot of the results. so i tell isn't it, cisco bodies building winds up in 2001 of these whole was empty, back to and from nothing in and comprehensive of the photos. components arrived in 2005 and then assembly of the machine got underway. sized a total cost of everything put together was $1300000000.00 vending the, the investment costs for the machine standing here were around $400000000.00. and so just add a few and i can use stuff instead of actually the stellar rates are and what's

known as the token model of the other concept, which means this magnets, it almost assigns somebody to ring shape the magnet exceed lava bought. there's a different dispute in a to come out and walk. there's a very strong electrical current. and these car rental, so it produces the costs of the required magnetic fields afford anything we need say this. that's not the case with this. tell a range of who stuff. in other words it has dental ratio and there's not a strong currency. and again, in the, in the plasma last month. and that makes the plasma line. so trust my lifestyle. as a result, it's most i believe because in truth i really doesn't want to carry any electric current and it tries to would it off with everything it has with both hands and feet. so i was just thinking tape it doesn't have hands and feet. of course, but it fights it with an unstable reaction to this electrical currents are formal and that's why it's good to get rid of this current. it solves a whole lot of problems that are taught because there's no electrical current flowing in the standard rate. so if the magnetic field must be configured for the quote, that's a requirement of physics, it's up to the fall, so it changes on how it strikes. excellent,

and that's where all the research is focused. a false decades of physics research has been devoted to the shape of this magnetic field, or default, the shape of the magnets can determine the shape of the magnetic field and like you need to. but it's the most accurate shape of the magnetic field is what you can imagine that this for, even if it looks very old, we essentially asked nature how the magnetic field should look. and these is the onset said i was saying, or does as the unfold. the vendor scientists can supply mental stine is found too small to produce electricity sign the scale down as much as cost above us. and so we can still learn from it to determine what, what we have researching so that we can achieve this tonight to match all repeating these magnetic seals and switched on. so as far as so that if we would have put fusion fuel into it, then we wouldn't get the fusion line for the road. that's what we finding out. that's the mission of spinning that all the stuff has to miss you. to see if it got all had somebody cared to you that setting up an access points to climb into the machine and it's picking work is starting again on the syria or the vessel. and we

have now technicians and engineers will climb in there. the piece of things to offer and they'll be working inside the machine when it's done in the machine all. but i may said we made it so difficult. it is a good machine. it's worked is working really fine. it's time to work with us. so team and so corporate to of course, each machine it machine has a so i must say the machine has a good so sometimes everything was a hard day or frustrating day. it's, and it's always curing to go here and just to and then you know what, you're about, why you're doing it and severe to his own. yeah. so people, people say that, so this is a kind of pinnacle, or at least a very nice example of german engineering look. so german, because everything is shiny and tiny science cost and steel, the, the asking for us you'll need to name in severest fusion companies, emerged in the us and britain installed. but germany has really caught up in recent

years on c, r o. and it really has a terrific foundation. ha, how for the monitor. i'll hunt institute for plasma physics in unit operates and 2 of the biggest fusion devices in the world for sealants, and that in the mainland aspects upgrade and vento stine, 7 x sensitive and x. germany has long had the scientific know how these and shocked you should know how to compare. for example, from switch your money. the amount of carbon dioxide produce broke out in front is half of the one producing germany. nope, it's sending reflected in germany that has been a tremendous amount of investment for renewable energy steel. it's about huff. i think doing money is a prime candidate for nuclear power. i'm sorry, that doesn't make sense. we leaving there for quite some time. there is a good quality, good technology, and i think in general, nuclear power is a would be well placed in germany. and the fusion is as a,

is one of the possible sources, of course for the long term is evaluating darcia and jeremiah. when you just mentioned the word nuclear, people immediately react as though they're a bit allergic to it. and that's why a great deal of educational work is needed advice so that people understand the differences, the invest the want that she did in one case 9 a large out of a sled to that's sufficient have dish or add them splitting fee. so you'll know that can 5 then. okay, that's a lighter item. do you have views together to make comments? was i mean, as often as you want, it's under the nuclear technology as well. so you have to address the topic of protection from radiation mobile unit rules, you name regulations, you need the procedures to handle that stuff calendar for the interview regulation, kind of be an over to me. it's important if regulation would not be right, we would have to design power plants for the wrong requirements. we would have to overcomplicate the system and make it even more complex than it already is. and

this is not anyone's advantage. it's a very, a challenge to develop an industry where regulation itself is being created. we have regulation related to power times of all different sorts. we have the threats in fusion to be mixed up with fission. the other kind of new care which is about speaking uranium fusion has been, it's been taught to do with the other and nuclear, but in people's minds, which was seen quite similar. so there is a real threat to social acceptance of this new technology. if we don't regulate fusion in the right way, we could make more damage for the history of humanity than we may realize in practice. ready ready ready ready ready ready ready ready ready ready ready ready so in this mac you very so all right, even generate mccune and then plus last and then keep them up or they bring them off to a really high temperature. all 450000000 decreases,

which is 10 times more than the core temperature off the sun. so now we have got 2 things, acumen, plasma, which means high temperature. all you need to con, deemed this in a dense form. this we can do, we can do very high temperatures. we can do very high densities. we can confine these hot met. there is plasma for a long time, but can we do the things and the same time? at a 100 median degree, somebody would have things happen. you start to having particles colliding so often edit such energy. then you get this stuff to stickle conditions where enough fusion reactions are happening to over come the level of expenses that you haven't seen to the system in the 1st place. plasma is the 4th state of messa from the basic ones where you start with a solid out a little bit of energy, you get a liquid out, a bit more energy, you've got a gas. and then if you got even more energy to batch, you end up with a plasma. a fun one with plasma means that your whole gas becomes charged at me is

you can hold in place with magnetic fields. but there are a number of different other approaches. most of those still rely on what we call magnetic confinement, which is keeping the plasma can find by using magnetic field. yeah, so we don't, magnate doesn't work and the central thing about magnets and magnetic fields is that we have to get this plasma hot. and under the $50000000.00 degrees for something that weights a few grams, the process is called more than any confinement because we want to basically make sure that the plasma is the same. it's a detached from the water and compressed by a mechanic feed. so there must be a current in the plasma, and the must be a magnetic field. this magnetic field is generated by the magnet itself. and it's basically allows, the prospect will be separated from, from the water. it's a bit like, you know, when you see i'm looking at the eclipse station and you'll see that that object is

being able to float on. i'm like, maybe create a pioneer among large fusion reactors is located in britain, the joint european taurus, jet for short. since it came into operation in 1983 experiments using jet have resulted in a number of fusion breakthroughs, these insights have been woven into the development of eater. it's a jet which is the biggest operating talking back in the world. currently. this is a jet investment, training facilitating the actual jet experiment. it's through a big pick. whatever that i get is, is the, the largest operating physics firm in the world. what does that power on the grids? it's an experiment run full run by year a fusion. you can see it's kind of got a circular safe, it's quite hard to see from this angle, but it's, it's, it's a, it's a doe, not safe, at least on the inside. and that's key for fusion. so if we were in the rail jet, i'm talking back what the vacuum vessel would look much as you can see. so where this robo is here, you have about a 150000000 degrees,

which is what you need for the fusion reaction. and then just the i'm, i see somebody here. you have special pumps are at 4 degrees above absolute 0. so you have the hottest place in the galaxy right here. and the coldest place on a just do you me to the way down that even though projects like jet has been around for decades and the principle of fusion was proven in the mid 20th century. the technology is still not ready for prime time, hence the old joke that fusion energy is always 30 years away. even still more and more private investors believe in the potential economic success of fusion. and i'll just stop saying that the sales you applied, the stones, i'm saying is really broad. i'm more than cd companies have been set up. will buying of the items onto a spice trucks in the fusion is one special example for us using the because the found is the status of a young people from our institutions to send the us. what does that mean? central con, proxima fusion, is

a spin out of the mux lancaster for plasma physics. we are based in munich and we're working on quite the nomic stella rate. there's as a way to make a fusion energy. emission approximate fusion is nothing but putting energy on the grid, which is at pen incredibly large objective. of course our public institutions have been doing research on the topic for decades. we've now built sectional how it's going to be time to transition the field to complemented with more and more engineering. so proxima is working to think about the main engineering systems that needed to actually convert something from a scientific project. to an energy focused project, we must be handled by the i'm really standing on the shoulders of giants. and we need to make the most of the opportunity of translating his research into a new industry. so that the introduction to approximate fusion has with the knox blank is based on collaboration agreements. doctor sheet and this visit transfer of knowledge taking place. because ultimately the discoveries of our research belong to the well, i think that we funded by tax payers. and so as

a result then before we come belongs to humanity and, and starts outs, as well as all startups. we are trying to build this relationship in a complimentary way. there are things that are not within the marks blanks. mission commercialization is not one of those engineering, a large scale towards energy producing systems, not within the marketplace commission, but they're very much within what we need to do. i think it's very natural for endeavors. have an excess transition to which we need to the next step of the story . we can develop this technology with working on and make this the source advantage of the left effectively forever for your money to this power plants that we're thinking of that can be placed anywhere in the world. the dream would be to have a stellar rate of power plants in every big city in the world. we are not trying to build the electrical connection to the grid. we need to understand it in order to be able to address what of the needs of that system. we want the south to celebrate this rather than energy itself. so as we go in, develop these designs of power plants. the question of what is the cost per

kilowatt hour megawatts that you are able to deliver? that is a key question. and obviously the next 2, our ice is the kind of device that shows the clearest and most robust way to efficient energy. the advantage though, of dealing with the complexity of us to the right to over the simplicity of a talking like, is that a to come back as well? peroration on issues. so to say it's very difficult to actually run it. it's definitely an exciting time in terms of how much is happening in the private fusion industry. and i find particularly exciting the interface between the new private industry and the public institutions if that interaction. i think that can speed us up the may again to might take the sol, bring the issue of energy has become very urgent us for this. and again, it's really starting to her in terms of energy supply and the impact from the environment and climate. the model and only that the so these initiatives that

gaining the mentions part of the goals is on auto pages on to name in this one goes is the european company i'm the companies that founded gals fusion had been working and fusion for decades. this, yeah, of the ticket comments, he's to, i'm in so 202022. and they have the idea to merge and set up gauss fusion in order to build a 1st of its kind fusion power plants. as you own, scoffed back to building you own to shine. we're different from other companies in this sector in them better because they are largely spent offices from universities or research institutes heating or the for sealants. ms. present on fortune's andre students in goal is the new kid on the block when it comes to fusion broke. some of them are trying to utilize some existing technology, maybe with very ambitious goals. some of them are trying to introduce new ideas. some of them are trying to develop some specific technologies, for example, migrant technologies. but it's a very,

very large variety of ideas that are broiling in the same stuff tops around the world about fusion. each uh each task grew step in my opinion. sister peter is the biggest and most complex project, many things having never tackled yet so to have heater is doing truly via mirroring worksheets. we wouldn't be here talking about fusion if it weren't for either see penny's cuba. hottest a great deal on, and we'll continue learning from either in the future any tiny on. and it's essential that we implement what science has shown shaft pc attend. this implementation can only happen through industry insights from kind of what we see now is the time where industry steps it and builds on everything we've learned from science at all of thoughts meet island bus, bus bus, the f one, w, some childcare downtown by that home. both the ciocca mac and the stellar writer has advantages and disadvantages to see. i think the geometry of the seller writer is very complicated compared to the token, not one,

but still the raiders are better than took a box and using adams to control plasma. so by so by having pros and cons and both present their own challenges, i was for them and we're investigating which one we'd like to work with in the future and, and find vi and so cool. all right, most you have a noise, every new technology needs some kind of seed money to feed on, see it on think the solar and even energy began. so now, without initial support from the state on these renewable energy use, wouldn't have been able to make the important contribution by their making today, or they think we should invite that into bringing missed miss mitch license if you're looking at the future and how we're going to power our society that keeps growing in size and in consumption we will need more and more energy that is based load that goes and comprehensive renewables that we love and know so, so much and the, the, when the solar we need something that is not intermittent there are

a number of technologies that are developing. we'll keep developing that great. we should keep pushing on those. now we shouldn't make ever one that would kind of have a single point of failure in the development of society. yeah, i know about it. and again, it's and renewable energy is a truly a wonderful thing and it's not, they have a problem, isn't doing some reason size, meaning they don't always available and convinced like the wind is blowing, oldest son is in shining. there's no electricity, a window at the store at level expense during is very, very difficult when you're talking about these huge amounts of energy and they do more, you feel together and compensate using another source. the always glossy to wish i'm under the kind of you, i think i don't need to to, to expand on the importance of reducing that significantly our dependency of our forcing officer fluids. as of today, our mildred standing, the, the, the targets that they've been set by many governments collectively in the world. we keep increasing carbon dioxide production. and it's still going as in

the wrong direction. and when you look even at congress in the western world, whichever implement major as a steps to reduce still, it's not going down and fast enough. so we have to find a solution that's complex. so in the, when it comes to financing and the timeframe makes things tricky, that, that, that site that i mean we're talking about projects that spend 15 to 20 years fancy on the funding. them become somewhat complicated. you don't. so as you put the return on investment won't come tomorrow, complete c 4 and 3 or 5 years time from now, which is what you mentioned on private equity companies. you are a customer to the fee. i'm in give on st infusion as a commercial net as an investment, but it's a difficult one objective. it's very difficult for an investor to understand the entire landscape and identifying those companies for an investor distinguishing between the different physics and engineering. concepts can be extremely

challenging that size of the markets that we are investing with fusion power plants is enormous. so we're seeing today the birth of the real big layers of to more. yeah. for the one split test, the fusion process is already a 1000000 enough time is more efficient than the process of combustion and goes for a large coal fired power plants calls. you need tens of thousands of tons of coal a day. that's to ship loads. dr. since my goal is actually for me and for a fusion power plants, the similar capacity was it was kind of just need a key load. i think that's about a bucket. so it doesn't say hang per month. that means in the morning a stockman that can bring the fuel in a small pockets in so an exciting kind of death and just astounding another from phillip things and use this as a fuel in the way we look at it and heavy forms of hydrogen. these forms of hydrogen can be created, pardon me, widely available in see working and pardon me. we can create them in a self sufficient way, you know,

produce them within our own power plants. as the neutron closed down, if you put them in the blanket, the neutral hips, the theme and breathes trixie and creates its own fuel. and so we take the fuel that we've made and the blanket recycle out and put it back into the reactor. it just means that the fuel that we need can be in exhaustible by an exhausting why do mean that it's easy. i mean, that we can develop this technology with working on and make this a source advantage of the last, effectively forever. as i find for loops, it's just an amazingly efficient use, okay? and it's readily available. it's not like you have to be on your terms with someone who has these fuels and then pay them loads of money to get to. in principle, everyone has a need, a deep so soon hot how to feed a head. i was for the fusion homes with many challenges i was for the with the one hurdle it needs to overcome is i've help like, acceptance, e, c, d, or felicia, to put a new technology policy on these time. you know,

people don't know what fusion is least about, so there has to be a lot of educational work guides among other things, life event on the under. and then for the one of the as being a nuclear technology issue and fusions doesn't have the major problems typically associated with it. i do in particular, hopefully most one is the loss of control when a power plant breaks down, which we've done. fortunately, experienced a few times already come back, so say that's a that's brought on by either external, internal factors or so in principle, that's not possible with the fusion up and see. and that's because these hot seen gas, which has to be built on the gas collapses, as soon as something goes wrong, it goes out by itself. that's why to the 2nd point is the permanent storage. it's highly radioactive material like a fusion doesn't for juice material. that remains radioactive for a very, very long time, the long 850002800000 years. so we don't need final storage, which ones on each end plug in the 1980s. everybody realize that the time that to

get fusion, that within the day and the complexity associated with size. and this was the time when the gorbachev and reagan, they found this as a potential area of cooperation. the global cooperation of ether continues. many are hopeful that, unlike fission nuclear fusion could be the answer to our unless appetite for energy worldwide. but critics question if the process of fusion is really as efficient and clean as it's towed in to be. well, the principle of fusion may be relatively simple. the technical challenges are so great that researchers are constantly need to solve new problems. the material is one of the biggest challenge because of high temperature because of low temperature because of highly making it big fee because of highly withdrawn slugs and all of it together within

a couple of meters. so we have created new materials for fusion to set the suzanne technician. aside from the technical hurdles and there are other challenges we need to address. and does that mean is labor? for example, by speed of lights, cadets, we need a lot of people with specialist knowledge in the future. me to build hundreds of fusion power plants last week. and so boeing at this funeral, there are just a few steps missing and then we should be able to get it off the ground despite the major technical challenges. the goal is that because ultimately all of the limitations that technically nature has nothing in physics to speak against it. in principle, nuclear fusion is a source of energy that c o 2 emission free. but does it really achievable on a large scale? and will it be ready in time to avert the worst effects of climate change? the size of this was you're using look,

isn't that there's no down to balance that there's no need to further proof that it works and people know that fuel knows it because of the complications, but now we come. so it's fun that we can just about smell and switch off. we're getting really close isn't for me. if i'm not on one cannot overestimate the importance of some form of that. you've optimism. you know that the hope what we're trying to do is, so i'm vicious and there will be so many challenges ahead of us. but the objective, the mission that we after is so great as it was for future research is so challenging that we have to keep costs from one generation to the next. we're in the 3rd generation. now. you can get solution that with you and have a tool that is really the core is the scientific experiment. i think it's before the prototype. prototype is already something in, in generating engineering. it's something that you know, you want to test whether, if we've just work for the intent of purpose. so a prototype for a fusion act act for them spa, this is north with either will do. it is

a scientific setting that which has been sized and they mentioned in such a way that it would be successful if you're not allowed to pro proceed. and the idea in diffusion program is c meter type of react. that would be based on the knowledge database that in a little later. and that maybe we let you read truly in the, to a prototype. so we are little bit fired from a prototype. there are a number of things that need to be part of this cocktail of, of ways of addressing climate change fusion as being a big beast in there because of so much. if we get fears, i'm going to run, it would be different. we enter a new era, a few minutes of a division that's, that's an upset. we have to work more for me is a, you know, more expedite way. in order to address the problem of this planet. we have to work for us that i think as i have seen very often the people think ok, let's wait for the fusion, the fusion. we so loved the problem. i think this is not responsible for me. my

some point to this is another message i'd like to convey to you. so we are in the process of really finding a new baseline and the new schedule, we have to get the right. yeah, we're planning to finish a 1st fusion power plant by the early 20 forty's, practice or standing. we do not currently have any single technology or even mix of technology is that we can say, we'll definitely provide sufficient energy for a growing population of growing standard of living at infinity to. and if we were to be able to make fusion or realities, that may well be true that we could have that security. there's a will media and a jump teacher, whether it would be right. for the end, it just transitioned. that's for us to answer the objective, a full diffusion companies as of now must be to develop fusion energy to connect our and all those our prototypes to the grades within 20 years. so if you want to

ease, fusion is a reliable you can exhaustible and clean source of energy that harms neither the environmental nor the climate d d. p. and fusion offers benefits beyond that, don't beat about it, gives us energy independence. we want to keep the ones in the back main screen and it makes us the kind of global international supply chains by lynn intern not to not lindsey focus. now is the time when we're entering the field, translating research into an industry that can then scale to meet our climate challenges. the speed is the key aspect. a lot of this, it's not the question is not whether we will get fusion. the question is just when at this point the s as paul from getting a get 1st of all we need energy type is 2nd, we need more energy for the developing world into this 3rd, we need energy that doesn't to move any c o 2 into the atmosphere, kind see what's, why in the up and therefore we need energy that's a safe and right under the bolton every one on us and see the amount of devices in

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a subbing is really minister to god the wolf. again raising key questions on his government practice, human rights and this person and us acting patients just the country. they've been coming in discriminatory. i'm excited. should i ask for a fast minister that he wants to do to join antigua protest? conflict in 19 minutes on dw, the january 2021. the attack on the united states capital become an idea of what you said. we had power, we should have power, power is being taken away from us and by any means necessary, we can get thousands of people to talk and among them. some of these manipulative voices are former high ranking military leaders. why did us veterans

turn their backs on democracy? and what does this mean for the upcoming next? the enemy within thought to lie 12 on the this is, is the don't even use. and these are our top stories. nato change the install, denver and cars reaffirmed the alliances intend to offer membership to ukraine in the future. stalled them very closely. alliance with 75th anniversary summit in washington, which said in a statement that ukraine was on an irreversible path to membership the so much also . so the 9 cements that the us will begin to pulling longer range missiles in germany, in 2026 german.