revise and dress the us present, condemned violence, and said he wished to donald trump well, a day after his arrival survived. an assassination attempt at task brings you up to date. don't forget there's on our website at www dot com. i'm clear. richardson, thank you so much. for watching the, the the is, it is someplace her into the more people than ever on the move worldwide in such a base in life. i suggested in cardboard decimals. what i find out about bailey story info, migraines. so

my days, thoughts are so for talking in the morning, we are in the house of friends near my site and uh we are to to bring this company on 102 minutes on the site. the d n. a key launch. the energy landscape is in flux worldwide. the reality is, demand for energy is growing. wagner, in a cubic st date, the issue of energy has become very urgent. and in order to address the problem of this planet, we have to work for us that i think, fusion for the, the game changer. we urgently need safe and clean sources of energy for our planet is nuclear fusion. the answer to the energy and climate crisis will scientists and engineers be able to unleashed the potential of fusion before it's too late?

100? yes. well, energy island grandchildren scripts mission, ultimately the discoveries of our research belong to the well nuclear fusion is a process that occurs naturally in the sun scientist, one to mimic that process on earth. thousands have been researching just for over 30 years. in april 2020, the 1st magnetic coil was delivered for eaters, experimental reactor we're seeing today to best of the real big layers of pizza each or is the biggest and most complex project for human beings has ever tackled you to, to have to have the hottest place in the galaxy right here and the coldest place on a, just a few minutes away down there. the fuel that we need tend to feel huge and is the most natural thing. there is, it's the same process as the sun is on the

a nuclear fusion is fundamentally different from nuclear station, which is generating power by splitting, adams eaters, the biggest fusion research project in the world. here the united states, russia, china, europe, and other partners are working side by side. because all are convinced by the potential a fusion technology behind me is the construction side of the dates of project. this is we're talking like reactive would be located . this is what we're trying to do. we need to get the physics or to do it in an environment which will be utilize a point in the future as a commercial source and not something where we do an experiment. somebody gets, and the price. and then, and it's over, i think that's intentionally, that is to have a future beyond researchers that the sprawling ease or complex are approaching this mammoth task. using magnetic confinement,

fusion or in c. s. at the heart of the project is the token like when it's completed, this fusion machine will weigh $23000.00 tons made up of millions of parts from around the world. the donut shaped vacuum vessel alone will wait. 8000 tons. well actually we are now in the assembly hold of each other. this is where a lot of activity is happening right now. and this is where we put together the 9 sectors of the vacuum vessel before they are being actually lifted into the target market. and fully assembled over there, the renal veto, his really to demonstrate both the principal and the technology and the safety aspects on the device which has the size of a react. after that, the industry will have the recipe if you wish to construct the reactor of the futures and to make that a series of products. so these 18 blocks that just c surrounding the center here.

now the supports for the turmoil or the shaped vertical documents that was surround the eviction vessel. and in the end, when this is going to be removed, there will be a massive, powerful magnet on the inside. it's the central solar noise. this will be the strongest maintenance ever built by main kind is in here and also sparkling behind us is a big vacuum bessie. this one for example, comes from korea. we also have best investors from europe, from italy, farms that brought here you, then you pack it. and once everything is put together, we will actually have then the fusion machine in you and this is going to be wherever the fusion reaction takes place. where i spun vacuum this. oh, okay. and i've talked to the fax number, so you would off folder for people who are totally welcome to. so i'm fixing the floor and roughly about $600.00 square in there. yeah. he's thinking in the, in the, in 10 or 20 years,

we won't be able to stand or any more because it will be far too hard. is the number you don't because we're aiming to replicate the sun in here, right behind me is where the vacuum vessel will be designed. and these vacuum vessels are the central component of the whole fusion process. and so for viewing specifically, we are speaking about, you know, 20 being in black us. it's the order of magnitude. and it's likely to go a little bit north of that. if i'm gonna see or south of the defense and the way you see it, the cost of that loss was up in the middle east to us between a 10200000000000. so i think of this, we have 2 things with things in context. here on site that we have about 5000 people. we have 7 members and of course, and you to, you know, how many you, you, you know, congress that but you to come this one. i think of the tier we leave the passport, the, the entrance and indeed that i've, some you could answer that actually came, we're reaching out to the restaurant for the nation because you can, you know,

it's, it's not, it's not per se a contributor to either. it's quite remarkable, i think that you need to, there is a still a consensus and focus. so we'll just members to try to get to this. uh, this yes, a project realized together. try to sort of the, please contribute, let's say contribute to the solution. we're in the christ that workshop here at each of the websites and what's coming into site right now is actually the last piece of the christ itself that we are putting together here. basically a giant, tim is the reason for that is that it will create an environment that protects the vacuum inside and the cold temperatures. what's happening right now here, it's because of the price that it's being billed to, but just see up top of that. it's basically just the top lid, it's $3800.00 tons, altogether, all 4 sections together. and as you can see by the size, it's 13 inches across. it will be 13 meters high. you just con, transport that easily. so all the pots have actually come from india,

have been well to 2 together into the full sections, to show the system yet technology, which is very, very complex. and so how the speed to be deployed is a question mark. the principles fusion is that we want to take light particles and smashed them against each other as hard as we can. and when we do that, they will fuse as the word. and part of their mice was transformed into energy manager. your master, ultimately interchangeable, you can transform mass into energy and the energy into mass. he puts in both directions by the peaceful and there's a famous formula as equals times the squids, everyone knows that the energy we can harvest, we can pick it up, then power our houses, our industries, our, our systems in society. what we need to get this actual fusion reaction to happen is we need to initial reactance to get close enough that they will actually fuse into a final product. unfortunately, this is fairly difficult and the main reason for that is that off to initial

reactance are both positively charged. and in the same way that 2 positive ends of the magnet will repel each other. so we'll lay solution for me it's, it's a bit complicated process like of when you try to bring to similar people together in society, it always gets complicated. and likewise, when you have a too small, positively charged particles, when you try to bring them together it's, it's always get configured. so for example, when you have to hydrogen accept those when duty and when creation being positive, we trust and you tried to bring them together, did it fit because of the electrostatic forces being involved. but if you images them enough that they can overcome this many years and they come together and diffuse when diffuse a lot of fusion energy is being created. of course, during this process a high energy neutrons being ejected and add football, which is commonly known as helium is being created. and this fusion image it can then be converted to electricity slope when there's no problem. and i think there's

a dave which is sort of future then before you went into the ocean, happens in the suns cool in extreme condition with the thing, it's extremely halting and very dense which is x to that's one reason why the sun or some random stuff home economy simply trying the prompts and to the property, and if it goes, it only works in space. so our approach has to be a bit different then. and then beacon to the sun is very things like all the stars and gravity mix on the mass of the sun, stick to get it. now we can quite to make a star that bank in town and country. so we have to come up with something smart. so even when we say we use sort of energy, we're actually going to use the energy coming out of the fusion reaction. and to recreate this conditions or try to recreate simular conditions, then those statistics are taking place into something. just break to take a shortcut this year. one way is plasma confinement into, to come back inside the reactor, the donut shaped vacuum,

best to live surrounded by electromagnet. a tiny amount of hydrogen injected into the vacuum is plenty. and then you switch on this fully noise, which is in the middle of the, of the talk about this by the magic of physics, creates kinetic trick seals in this stone and the hydrogen isotopes, deuterium and tritium, begin to swell around in the vacuum and initial heating system converts the gas into a plasma, the further heating processes using electromagnetic waves and neutral particle injection are required in order to heat the plasma temperatures of a 150000000 degrees celsius. and then the process of fusion starts, the particles know each other sufficiently for us. so the cube and then to produce energy venue has let's per 2nd inside your page. now neutrons.

nitrous charge, so they don't know the concept by all magnets and they fly off and hit the wall and the reaction. so what you would do is you'd, you'd have to put a blanket on the wall. and as the neutral slows down in the blanket, it hits the metal. so when you do that, it's possible to, through the whole pull that water tends to steam. and then you take those, the intense uh, bites produce of interest in dyslexia bonds that are in our in house stations. we look at making any confinement as the only process that hasn't really survived. and are we in evolution of fusion systems over 60 years and more efficient research? there's also another type which is called a national confinement, which requires you to just get very, very high densities in temperatures for short period of time. most commonly, this is done with lasers, but there are other approaches and using more sort of pneumatic, just straight up physical methods to compress something talking like an affinity to

simulate in that them both magnetic confinement, both those to come ox has emerged as the most conventional way of trying to confine plasma, and they have reached marvelous results. the comes in and of the talk like if the cell or either which actually wasn't venting before the talk much. but it was so complex in its design and its construction. that it remains as a people causing something to say, the ones finished the each are token, mac fusion, reactor will be the largest of its kind worldwide. meanwhile, the world's biggest seller reader fusion device is located in northern germany. the project is called vento stein, 7 ex vendors done this, i've had back in by, of vento showing these amounts and then hiking trail in the very end of the palms, wind up the mountain in a way that's reminiscent of the shape of the magnets that we have in this machine. yeah. like you need to do that. and so that's one reason that since i was i angle

and, and secondly, because the oldest still. all right, so is this a 1st accelerated to actually get off and running within the mid 19 fifties of princeton as long the project direct line? and some pizza was a famous astrophysicist and an added mountain climate. i to simon spits, so i'm going to, i still presented, he called the research web project manager on a bundle and have some quick quick my telephone cannot and zanna heisenberg so word and said, then we'll name a project down through mails and to defend. so this project is called vandal stein . this is a split dealer race. a project in germany has the name of this bavarian mountain, but it's located in call moreno. that's known as a mountain, of course. but as a machine with a vendor stein, 7 x, still a right to a knob, the thing is a major fusion research facility and located here at the max planck institute using bright spot. i'm not going to send it to you. i'm not spending screwed. understand often costs, but then my explain society decided to show its muscles when it had the 1st large scale class stairs and had the knowledge and the know how to then going up to nice

these still i read the devices. yeah, i mean, yeah, i'm in central unit, we have 450 employees here on the plane is to choose. so for roughly coughing, technical and engineering stuff is of the, of the businesses of the same computer experts. crazy given ones contradicts past me. yeah, that's just a tool. what is the taurus whole size values of interest on 7 x that you have? it's the i'm, it is a lot of the results. so i tell isn't, it seems good boy, this building winds up in 2001 of these whole was empty back saying from nothing in and comprehensive of the 1st components arrived in 2005 machine. and then assembly of the machine got underway. sized the total cost of everything put together was $1300000000.00 and indeed the investment costs, but the machine standing here were around $400000000.00. and so does that cost to you. and if i use this, the, instead of actually the stellar rates are in what's known as the token of the other

concept, which means this magnets, it almost assigns some by the ring shape you magnetic field box. is it different the suit in a token mount and walk is a very strong electrical current. and these car rental, so it produces the costs of the required magnetic fields at for that. if you need say that that's not the case with this. tell a range of who stuff. in other words it has dental ratio and there's not a strong currency. and again, in the, in the plants month last month. and that makes the plasma line. so plus my lifestyle as a result it's most i believe because in truth i really doesn't want to carry any electric current, even though it tries to what it off with everything it has with both hands and feet . so just staying tape it doesn't have hands and feet, of course, but it's fine with an unstable reaction to this electrical current. and that's why it's good to get rid of these current. it solves a whole lot of problems at all because there's no electrical current flowing in the stellar ray. so if the magnetic field must be configured to the quote, that's a requirement of physics, it's up to the fall, so it changes on how it's shrink 6 months. and that's where all the research is

focused. a false decades of physics research has been devoted to the shape of this magnetic field would be found. the shape of the magnets can determine the shape from the magnet in sales. and like, you need to pick it's the most accurate shapes of the magnetic field is what you can imagine that this for, even if it looks very old, we essentially asked nature how the magnetic field should look at these as the onset. so it's always saying with us as the unfold, the vendor scientists can supply mental stine is far too small to produce electricity line the scale down as much as possible. so we can still learn from it to determine what, what those things we have researching. so that we can achieve this tonight, doesn't matter if even it's magnetic seals and switched on. so as far as so that if we would have put fusion fuel into it, then we wouldn't get the fusion line for the road. that's what we finding out. that's the mission of spinning that all the stuff has to me. as soon as you have a car, don't have to run care to you. then setting up an access points to climb into the machine and it's picking work is starting again on the siri or the vessel. and we

have now technicians and engineers will climb in there, the business ethics to offer and they'll be working inside the machine when it's done in the machine all. but i may said we made it so difficult. it is a good machine. it's worked is working really fine, it's time to work with us. so team and so corporate to car seats, machine. it machine has a so i must say the machine has a good so sometimes everything was a hard day or frustrating day. it's, and it's always curing to go here and just to and then you know what you are, but while you're doing it in severe dying its own. yeah. so people, people say that, so this is a kind of pinnacle, or at least a very nice example of german engineering look. so german, because everything is shiny and tidy. it's science, cost and steel. he asked me 1st you'll need to name in severest fusion companies, emerged in the us and britain installed,

but germany has really caught up in recent years on c, r a. and it really has a terrific foundation. you bought a car for the mom and i was hunt institute for plasma physics and unit operates and 2 of the biggest fusion devices in the world for sealants and not in the mainland aspects upgrade and vento stine, 7 x sensitive and x. germany has long had the scientific know how decent shocked you should know how to compare. for example, from suite your money. the amount of carbon dioxide is produced, broke out in front is half of the one producing germany. nope, it's sending reflected in germany that has been a tremendous amount of investment for renewable energy, steel. it's about tough. i think doing money is a prime candidate for nuclear power. i'm sorry, that does not make sense. we leaving there for quite some time. there is a good quality, good technology, and i think in general, nuclear power is a would be well placed in germany. and the fusion is say,

is one of the possible sources, of course for the long term is a vice indulgence your money. when you just mentioned the word nuclear, people immediately react as though they're a bit allergic to it. that's why a great deal of educational work is needed so that people understand the differences. the invest one says she this in one case 9 a large out of a split closest to that sufficient have dish or add them splitting fee. so you'll know that can 5 occasions and lighter items. you have views together to make comments, was i mean, as often as you want, it's under the nuclear technology as well. so you have to address the topic of protection from radiation mobile unit rules. you need regulations, you need the procedures to handle that stuff. holland up through the, into game regulation kind of be over with it's important if regulation would not be right. we would have to design power plants for the wrong requirements. we would have to overcomplicate the system and make it even more complex than it already is

. and this is not anyone's advantage. it's certainly a challenge to develop an industry where regulation itself is being created. we have regulation related to power times of all different sorts. we have the threats in fusion to be mixed up with fission. the other kind of new care which is about speaking uranium fusion has been, it's been taught to do with the other and nuclear, but in people's minds, which was seen quite similar. so there is a real threat to social acceptance of this new technology. if we don't regulate fusion in the right way, we could make more damage from the history of humanity than we may realize in practice. ready ready ready ready ready ready ready ready ready ready ready ready ready so in this mac you very soon, all right, you would generate like you and then plus boss, and then keep them up. are you bring them off when really high temperature off 450000000 decreases,

which is 10 times more than the core temperature of the sun. so now we have got to things like human plasma, which means high temperature. all you need to con dean. this in a dense form, this, we can do, we can do very high temperatures. we can do very high densities. we can come find these hot met there is plasma for a long time. but can we do the things and the same time at a 100000000 degrees? some marvelous things happen. you start having particles colliding so often edit such energy. then you get this stuff to stick with conditions where enough fusion reactions are happening. to over come the level of expenses that you haven't seen to the system and the 1st base plasma is the 4th state of my stuff from the basic ones where you start with a solid, a little bit of energy, you get a liquid out a bit more energy, you get a gas, and then if you got even more energy to that, you end up with a plasma. a fun one with plasma means that your whole gas becomes charged and done

and you can hold in place with magnetic fields. but there are a number of different other approaches. most of those still rely on what we call magnetic confinement, which is keeping the plasma can find by using magnetic field. yeah, so we don't imagine it doesn't work and the central thing about magnets and magnetic fields is that we have to get this plasma hot and under the 50000000 degrees for something that waits a few grams. the process is called mcneally confinement because we want to basically make sure that the plasma is to say, it's detached from the water and compressed by a mechanic feed. so there must be a current in the plasma. and the must be, i'm not going to experience this magnetic field is generated by the magnet itself. and it's basically allows the prospect to be separated from, from the water. it's a bit like, you know, when you'll see my kinetic living station. and you'll see that that object as being

able to float on i'm like many feet. a pioneer among large fusion reactors is located in britain, the joint european taurus, jet for short. since it came into operation in 1983 experiments using jet have resulted in a number of fusion breakthroughs, these insights have been woven into the development of eater. it's a jet which is the biggest operating talking back in the, in the world. currently. this is a jet investment training facility. the actual jet experiment is through a big, big goal over that jazz is, is the, the largest operating physics firm in the world. we does the power and the grids. it's an experiment run full run by year a fusion. you can see it's kind of got a circular safe, it's quite hard to say from this angle, but it's, it's, it's a, it's a doe, not safe, at least on the inside. and that's key for fusion. so if we were in the rail jet, i'm talking back with the vacuum vessel with as much as you can see. so where this robo is here, you'd have about a 150000000 degrees,

which is what you need for the fusion reaction. and then just under my feet, and here you have special pumps. the r s 4 degrees above absolute 0. so you have the horses placing the galaxy right here and the coldest place on a just do you me to the way down that even though projects like jet has been around for decades and the principle of fusion was proven in the mid 20th century. the technology is still not ready for prime time, hence the old joke that fusion energy is always 30 years away. even still more and more private investors believe in the potential economic success of fusion. and i'll just stop saying that the sales you applied, the stones, i'm saying is really broad. i moving companies have been set out, will buying the items onto a spice, be trucks. and the fusion is one special example for us. and the, because the found is at least all the young people from our institutions to since the us ones, i mean simple proximal fusion is

a spin out of deluxe lancaster for plasma. for 6, we are based in munich, and we're working on quite as a nomic stella rate. there's as a way to make a fusion energy emission approximate. there isn't, isn't nothing, but putting energy on the grids, which is at pen incredibly large objective. of course, our public institutions have been doing research on the topic for decades. we've now built sectional how it's clearly time to transition the field to complemented with more and more engineering. so proxima is working to think about the main engineering systems that needed to actually convert something from a scientific project. to an energy focused project. we must be handled by the, i'm really standing on the shoulders of giants. and we need to make the most of the opportunity of translating his research into a new industry so that the introduction to approximate fusion has with the knox blank is based on collaboration agreements. doctor sheet. and this is a transfer of knowledge taking place because ultimately the discoveries of our research belong to the well, i think that we funded by tax payers. and so as

a result of the tools that we come up belongs to humanity and admin startups, as well as all set ups, we are trying to build this relationship in a complimentary way. there are things that are not within the months. blanks, mission commercialization is not one of those engineering. a large scale towards energy producing systems, not within the marketplace commission, but they're very much within what we need to do. i think it's very natural for endeavors. have an excess transition to which we need to the next step of the story . we can develop this technology with working on and make this the source advantage of the left effectively forever for your money to this power plants that we're thinking of that can be placed anywhere in the world. the dream would be to have a speller at the power plant in every big city in the world. we are not trying to build the electrical connection to the grid. we need to understand it in order to be able to address what of the needs of that system. we want this out, celebrate this rather than energy itself. so as we go in, develop these designs of power plants. the question of what is the cost per

kilowatt hour megawatts that you are able to deliver? that is a key question. and obviously the next 2 hour ice is the kind of device that shows the clearest and most robust way to efficient energy. the advantage though, of dealing with the complexity of us to the right to open the simplicity of talking about is that a to come back has corp on issues. so to say it's very difficult to actually run it . it's definitely an exciting time in terms of how much is happening in the private fusion industry. and i find particularly exciting the interface between the new private industry and the public institutions if that interaction. i think that can speed us up the may again team. i think the sol getting the issue of energy has become very urgent us for this because it's really starting to her in terms of energy supply and the impact on the environment and climate. the model and only that the so these initiatives that gaining the mentions pod often goes east

and photo pages on to name in this one goes to the european company. um the companies that founded gals fusion had been working and fusion for decades. this, yeah, of the ticket comments these to i'm in so 202022. and they have the idea to merge and set up gauss fusion in order to build a 1st of its kind fusion power plants as you own scarf deductible. and you want to shine, we're different from other companies in this sector in them that are because they are largely spent offices from universities or research institutes heating or the for sealants. ms presents on fortune's and restaurants and got all is the new kid on the block when it comes to fusion broke. some of them are trying to utilize some existing technology, maybe with very ambitious goals. some of them are trying to introduce new ideas. some of them are trying to develop some specific technologies, for example, migrant technologies. but it's a very,

very large variety of ideas that are broiling and st stuffed up. so around the world about fusion, each uh each task grew stay in my opinion. sister peter is the biggest and most complex project mean being said they never tackle it to to a heater is doing truly via mirroring worksheets. we wouldn't be here talking about fusion if it weren't for either see penny's cuba. yeah. hot us before radio ons and we'll continue learning from either in the future any tiny on. and it's essential that we implement what science has shown shaft pc its and this implementation can only happen through industry and said some kind of what we see now is the time where industry steps it. and the built on the everything we've learned from science at all of thoughts meet island bus, bus bus, the f one, w, some stuff getting on time by the humboldt to choke america and the stellar rate or have advantages and disadvantages to see. i think the geometry of the seller writer is very complicated compared to the token, not one,

but still the raiders are better than took a box and using adams to control plasma. so by so by having pros and cons and both present their own challenges as for them and we're investigating which one we'd like to work with in the future and, and find vi and took over the most. you have the noise. every new technology needs some kind of seed money to feed on, see it on think the solar and even energy began. so now without initial support from the state on these renewable energy use, wouldn't have been able to make the important contribution by their making today, or they think we should invite that and see bringing missed miss mitch license if you're looking at the future and how we're going to power our society that keeps growing in size in, in consumption. we will need more, more energy that is based load and then goes and comprehensive renewables that we love and know so, so much. and the, the, when the solar we need something that is not intermittent. there are

a number of technologies that are developing. we'll keep developing that great, we should keep pushing on those. now we shouldn't make ever one that would kind of have a single point of failure. in the developmental society. yeah, i know about it and again, it's and renewable energy is a truly a wonderful thing, and it's not, they have a problem, isn't they deem submission size, meaning they know it's always available and convinced like the wind is blowing, oldest son is in the shining. there's no electricity, a window at the store at level expense during is very, very difficult. when you're talking about these huge amounts of energy wasn't making more, you feel to get out and compensate using another source. the always clashing doors on the, on the kind of look, i think i don't need to, to, to expand the importance of reducing that significantly our dependency of our forcing officer fluids. as of today, our mildred standing, the, the, the targets that they've been set by many governments collectively in the world. we keep increasing carbon dioxide production. and that it's still going as in

the wrong direction. and when you look even at congress in the western world, whichever you implement major as a steps to reduce still it's not going down and fast enough. so we have to find a solution that's complex. so in the, when it comes to financing into the timeframe makes things tricky. that, that, that site that i mean we're talking about projects that spend 15 to 20 years fancy on the funding. them become somewhat complicated. you don't. so i should put the return on investment and won't come tomorrow, complete. see $4.00 and $3.00 or 5 years time from now, which is what you had mentioned on private equity companies. you are a contract to the fee. i'm in give own st confusion as a commercial net as an investment, but it's a difficult one objective. it's very difficult for an investor to understand the entire landscape and identifying those companies for an investor distinguishing between the different physics and engineering. concepts can be extremely

challenging that size of the markets that were ingesting with the fusion power plants is enormous. so we're seeing today the birth of the real big layers of to more. yeah. for the one support test, the fusion process is already a 1000000. the sign is more efficient than the process of combustion and goes for a large coal fired power plants calls you need tens of thousands of tons of coal a day. that's to ship loads got since my goal is actually for me and for a fusion power plants, the single the capacity for those kind of just need a key load. i think that's about a bucket. so this is a hang per month. that means that in the morning, astonishment that can bring the fuel in a small pockets into an exciting kind of death. and just astounding another from public tears. and use this as a fuel in the way we look at it and heavy forms of hydrogen. this forms of hydrogen can be created. pardon me, widely available in see working and pardon me. we can create them in a self sufficient way, you know,

produce them within our own power plants. as the neutron um slows down, if you put them in the blanket, the neutral hips, the theme and breeds tricks, you creates its own fuel. and so we take the fuel that we've made and the blanket recycled out and put it back into the reactor. it just means that the fuel that we need can be in exhaustible by any exhausting why do mean that it's easy. i mean that we can develop this technology with working on and make this a source advantage of the left effectively forever. as i find for loops, it's just an amazingly efficient use, okay? and it's readily available. it's not like you have to be on your good terms with someone who has these fuels and then pay them loads of money to go to in principal . everyone has a need it deep feeling hot, how to feed the head i was for the fusion, comes with many challenges i was for the with one hurdle it needs to overcome is probably the acceptance, e, c, d, or felicia, to put a new technology policy on eastern and normal don't know what fusion is least about

. so there has to be a lot of educational work. died among other things, life event on the, on that. and then for the one of the as being a nuclear technology issue, fusions doesn't have the major problems typically associated with it. i 2 in particular who are bringing this one is the loss of control when a power plant breaks down, which we've done, the fortunately experienced a few times already come back to us here. that's a, that's brought on by either external, internal factors as always. so in principle, that's not possible with the fusion up and see, and that's because these halt be seen gas which has to be built and the gas collapses. as soon as something goes wrong, it goes out by itself. that's why to the 2nd point is the permanent storage, it's highly radioactive material and that's a fusion doesn't produce material that remains radioactive for a very, very long time. the a long uh, 50002800000 years. so we don't need final storage units. ones on each end in the

1980s. everybody realize that the time that to get fusion, that within the day and the complexity associated with size. and this was the time when the gorbachev and reagan, they found this as a potential area of corporation. the global cooperation at age or continues many are hopeful that unlike fission nuclear fusion could be the answer to our enlist, appetite for energy worldwide. but critics question, if the process, the fusion is really as efficient and clean as it towed in to be. well, the principle of fusion may be relatively simple. the technical challenges are so great that researchers are constantly need to solve new problems. the material is one of the biggest challenge because of high temperature because of the low temperature because of highly making it to clean. because of highly withdrawing flux and policy together within

a couple of meters. so we have created new materials for fusion to set 3 suzan technician, aside from the technical hurdles and there are other challenges we need to address . and does that mean is labor, for example, by speed of ice crest? we need a lot of people with specialist knowledge in the future need to build hundreds of fusion power plants after the i can. so boeing as this funeral, there are just a few steps missing and then we should be able to get it off the ground despite the major technical challenges that goes in. because ultimately, all of the limitations that technically nature is nothing in physics to speak against that. in principle, nuclear fusion is a source of energy that c o 2 emission free. but does it really achievable on a large scale? and will it be ready in time to avert the worst effects of climate change? the size of the for the oil using look is that there's no down to balance that

there's no need to further prove that its work. when people know that fuel knows that this would be a little complicated celia, but now we come. so it's fun that we can just about smell it. switch off we're getting really close isn't from fact i'm not on. one cannot overestimate the importance of some form of that, you know, up to me. so you know that the hope what we're trying to do, we saw and vicious and there will be so many challenges ahead of us. but the objective, the mission that we after is so great for those for future research is so challenging that we have to keep costs and you from one generation to the next. we're in the 3rd generation. now, you can get solution that with you not to eat, that is really the quantity is the scientific experiment. i think it's before the prototype. prototype is already something in, in generating engineering. it's something that you know, you want to test whether, if you've just work for the intent of purpose. so a prototype for a few show to act active,

shoot for the of spa. this is north with either will do. it is a scientific setting and which has been sized and i mentioned in such a way that it would be successful if you're not allowed to pro proceed. and the idea in diffusion program is c meter type of react. that would be based on the knowledge database that in a little later. and that maybe we let you read truly in the to a prototype. so we are little bit far from a prototype. there are a number of things that need to be part of this cop to us of ways of addressing climate change fusion as being a big beast in there because of so much. if we get fears, i'm going to manage it would be different. we enter a new era, a few minutes of efficient that's, that's an upset. we have to work more is a more expedite way. in order to address the problem of this planet. we have to work for us that i think as i've seen very often people think ok, let's wait for fusion and fusion we, it's all of the problem. i think this is not responsible from my standpoint. this

is another message i'd like to convey to you. so we are in the process of really finding a new baseline and the new schedule we have to get the right. yeah, we're planning to finish a 1st fusion power plant by the early 20 forty's, practice, or studies. we do not currently have any single technology or even mix of technology is that we can say, we'll definitely provide sufficient energy for a growing population and a growing standard of living at infinity to. and if we were to be able to make fusion or realities that may well be true that we could have that security, there's and will media image of the future, whether it would be right. for the end, it just transition. that's for us to once the objective of all the fish and companies as of now must be to develop fusion energy to connect our and all those our prototypes to the grades within 20 years for ease of use. and is it reliable as

you can exhaustible and clean source of energy that harms neither the environmental nor the climate. the d. b and fusion offers benefits beyond that, don't beat about it, gives us energy independence. we want to keep the ones in the main screen, and it makes us the end of global international supply chains. bill biling, intern not tonight. lindsey focus now is the time when we're entering the field, translating research into an industry that can then scale to meet our climate challenges. the speed is the key aspect. a lot of this, it's not. the question is not whether we will get fusion. the question is just when at this point the s as in bit nicky. first of all we need energy sites and 2nd we need more energy for the developing world into this 3rd, we need energy that still something new. a new c o 2 into the atmosphere, kind of see what's why in the appendix holes we need energy that's a safe environment under 5 level to every one on us and see the amount of devices

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you're watching. do you know what your name was coming to live from berlin? joe biden calls on americans to cool their tempers. the west president condemns political violence after his republican rival. donald trump survives an assassination attempt over the weekend. it's also coming up on our show. we're wanda ins, vote and election is expected to see incumbent president paul cook on a sale to victory after his fiercest rivals. were barred from rodnick and spanish football fans as static as their team is crowned champions with a to one when over england in the euro 2024 final here in berlin. the.