to choose normal judges of the constitutional court. on thursday, january 11, at 5:45 p.m., watch the judicial control program with tatiana shustrova on the espresso tv channel. welcome to the broadcast of the program of the ukrainian voice of america service. me and the presenter oleksiy kovalenko. both houses of the united states congress are officially back in session after the christmas break. the senate resumed its work on monday, and the house of representatives on tuesday. the legislator has two urgent issues on the agenda. avoid the government shutdown shutdown and achieve agreement on changes in immigration legislation, on which the package of aid to ukraine, israel and other partners actually depends. both the republicans and the democrats have already announced progress in the... issues, what

exactly it is about and how it will affect ukraine, let's talk with our congress correspondent kateryna lisnova. congratulations, katya. congratulations oleksya. katya, the most important thing for legislators now is to avoid a shutdown so that the work of the government is not paralyzed. and the first deadline for this is already january 19. will congress be able to avoid another shutdown threat and how this issue affects aid to ukraine. to begin with, let's explain to our, let's explain to our viewers, why it is important for the... that the united states of america avoids a shutdown, because if the lawmakers do not agree on a budget for the government for the whole of this year by the deadline of january 19th and do not avoid a shutdown, then it is unlikely that washington will succeed agree on aid to ukraine and other partners when the united states government is effectively paralyzed, but there is good news on this issue, including this sunday that lawmakers from both the republican and and democrats said they had reached an agreement on the government spending limit, noting that

the issue was, so to speak, controversial among republicans and democrats. in particular, the president of the united states of america, joe biden, has already welcomed this agreement, but this does not mean that the issue is over, because next the lawmakers need to agree on 12 spending bills to finance the government and they have to be voted on in both the house of representatives and the senate. senate. and directly in the house of representatives far-right republicans have already said they oppose the deal reached this sunday, and they're actually demanding more. cuts in government spending. alexei katya, meanwhile, regarding the package of aid to ukraine, the legislators entered into negotiations even during the christmas holidays, and already yesterday there was information that there is some progress in the border issues. what exactly did the legislator manage to achieve and when can we wait for the approval of the aid package for ukraine? in general, progress in negotiations on border issues can be characterized based on statement of the republicans. that is, the main progress is. precisely in the statements of the republicans. thus,

one of the negotiators, senator langford, said without precedent on sunday that the legislation on changing the migration policy of the united states of america could be made public already this week. there were still talks yesterday, where they said that most likely this border legislation will not be released this week, and the talks will continue this week and next week, but nevertheless, the rhetoric of the republicans in a certain sense has already changed, so already yesterday the leaders of the republicans. on usenet, mitch mcconnell changed his statements, and while he previously said that the national security of the united states of america begins at the border of the united states of america, yesterday he said that the national, national security interests of the united states of america do not end at the border of the united states, and that to continue helping partners, in particular ukraine, israel , and taiwan, and that they say there is really progress in the negotiations on the border, and it is still necessary to help partners, and that there is, that this... is

one of the priorities of the national security of the united states of america, a statement on how negotiations are currently being conducted on the issue of the border, the migration policy of the united states of america, on which aid to ukraine depends, i propose to hear from the leaders in the senate, both democrats and republicans. it has been a very promising few days in terms of the additional aid package, during which we have made more progress. in the matter of the border, than in the last few weeks, the work is not yet finished, but now i have more hope that we will be able to achieve significant changes at the border, as well as agree to additional aid. the stakes are high, we have the opportunity to make a real difference to border security in generations, but the challenges to our national security do not end at our physical borders, the threats we face are interconnected and the days ahead. they tell the world whether america is ready

to respond with dignity. allies and enemies are waiting to see how we will respond to russia now attacking targets in ukraine with ballistic missiles provided by regime in north korea, and then on... but on the issue of the border, then they have to vote for it in the house of representatives, and there , if they come to some kind of agreement in the senate , the republicans demand more brutal measures regarding migration legislation. thank you very much, katya, for the analysis, our congress correspondent kateryna lyasinova was in direct contact with us. appeal hearing. of former us president donald trump began in the district court of appeals in washington. trump is asking to overturn the lower court's impeachment decision his immunity claims in the case of special counsel jack smith.

let's talk with our colleague tetyana voroshko about what this case is and how it can affect the course of the us presidential election campaign this year. tanya, congratulations. congratulations. tatyana, so tell us about the essence of the case and what can be expected next? so today is a panel of three. judges of the u.s. district court of appeals in washington considered arguments by the parties on whether the president is protected by broad immunity for his actions while in office position, and not only against civil, but also criminal charges, as you said, this case is already on appeal. earlier , a lower court judge rejected these arguments of donald trump's team. i would like to remind you that four criminal cases were initiated against donald trump, a total of 91 criminal charges were brought. all of them, president trump has not admitted to any of them, he considers himself innocent of all 91 charges. so this is about one of those cases, namely the case brought by special prosecutor jack smith, about what donald trump is accused

of trying to change the outcome of the 2020 election , and his lawyers have filed a motion saying that the case cannot even be brought or heard against the former sitting president because his actions were protected by broad immunity, according to articles of the second constitution of the united states. let's listen. with all due respect, i disagree with that. the doctrine of presidential immunity comes directly from the first section of the second article, which deals with executive power. it is supported by the content of the article on impeachment, which is directly related. donald trump's side argued that the actions related to the election were also on the periphery of the president's duties, they said that if the president is not protected by immunity, then criminal cases can be opened against other presidents, for example, against

president obama for the fact that, as a result, as a result of a drone strike, which he ordered to carry out, a person was injured, as an example, and the judge asked him, what if... that the president ordered to kill his political the opponent, it also cannot be prosecuted in a criminal court, to which trump 's lawyer said that if in the case against it was opened, impeachment will be brought and the senate found the president guilty under the articles of impeachment, then it is possible to prosecute, this was actually the last argument of the trump team, with one more argument from the trump team, saying that trump has already been impeached under these very articles of impeachment. or close to them, and the senate did not find him guilty under these articles of impeachment, but of course that the side, the side of the special prosecutor from disagreed with that, they said that there is no historical precedent that says that the president can be protected by broad immunity, let's hear it:

this has never happened in the history of our country, until this case, in which the president claims that he has immunity, from criminal prosecution and after the end of its term. the constitution defines a unique role for the president, but he is not above the law. separation of powers principles, constitutional text, history, precedents, and other immunity doctrines all point to the conclusion that the former president does not have any immunity from criminal prosecution. and he said, trump's lawyer, the lawyer, the representative of the prosecutor's office also talked about the fact that if it is really recognized that the president is under... this broad immunity, which means that, for example, the next president, not agreeing with the election results, can simply to remain in office, so now , after the judges have heard these arguments, they have to write a decision, issue that decision, after which one of

the parties is expected to necessarily appeal to of the supreme court. tatiana, how does the former president of the usa himself react to this case? the former president of the usa, he was at during this meeting, although he was not obliged to do so, after this hearing he held such a small press conference during which he reflected the main arguments of his side and... his lawyers, you cannot have a president without immunity, you should have, as president, you should be able to do your job, but if it doesn't work, if i wasn't given immunity, then other presidents wouldn't have. we talked today on president obama with the drone strikes that were very bad and there were mistakes, terrible mistakes, and you can't put, you really can't put the president. in this position, i think most people understand that and we're very confident that in the end, hopefully at this

level, but in the end we're going to win, the president should have immunity and stuff, i didn't do anything wrong, we didn't did nothing wrong, thank you very much tetiana, our colleague tetiana boryshko, in las vegas, was in touch with us. the world's largest exhibition opened of consumer electronics ces. every january, for almost 60 years , global industry giants and startups have been bringing their technological innovations there. it is this forum that determines what innovative trends will be. our correspondent andriy borys works at the exhibition. andriy, congratulations. andriy, please tell us what technological innovations you have already managed to see at this exhibition? well, oleksiy, the exhibition opened just recently, only two hours ago, i managed to... visit only one hall, there are only 12 of them, but already my eyes are running wild

from a variety of technological innovations, these are self-driving cars, and self-charging devices, and all kinds of smart robots, and tvs that fold like a sheet of paper, i have been to various technological exhibitions, but i will be honest, such an exhibition, it just amazes the scale, only imagination 4 companies from tech giants like sony, samsung to startups present their products on an area the size of 30 football fields. the exhibition lasts four days, but i am afraid that even four days will not be enough for me to see all the devices and all products. oleksiy, can you tell me what exactly the ukrainians brought to this exhibition. yes, oleksiy, ukrainians, ukrainian companies no longer exist. are presented for the first time at such an exhibition, this year 12

ukrainian startups have announced their participation, which came with the support of the ukrainian startup fund, this is a state corporation, i would like to single out several ukrainian startups, we are primarily talking about such a company as versi bionix, it offers bionic prostheses for people who have lost a limb, another company esperbionic, which was also manufactured. it has been presented at previous, previous exhibitions, and it didn't come this year, but it was presented with this sass innovation awards, this is an innovation award, there are only three such companies this year that received such an award from the organization of the organizers of ces, among them in particular, a company like optison, which makes systems. water, i would like to highlight one more company such as merydot, they make contactless chargers for

electric cars, please listen, i succeeded talk to a representative of this company. there are three companies in the states that do wireless charging for electro vehicles like us, with this technology, when the user finishes his trip, he just parks on top of our charging station and that's it... that's it, the charging process starts automatically, we are able to transmit up to 11, 11,000 w, and at a distance of 30 cm, okay, andriy, what can you tell us about technological trends in general, where is the electronics industry going? oleksiy, i would single out four trends, in general: the first, and probably the most important, is the development of artificial... intelligence here , the neural network chat bot jpt dictates the fashion, so to speak. in fact

, any company can now be considered technological if it has elements of artificial intelligence. therefore , almost all companies here are presented with elements of artificial intelligence, starting from smart bidets for toilets, ending with large-scale factory automation systems, such as siems, in particular, is to present. and the second trend. it must be electricity, that's all concerns ecological, ecologically clean energy and autonomy, here the product should be interesting, in particular, the company that transforms into energy from... sound, i.e. sound streams, how it will work, i will be able to find out in more detail later. the third trend is inclusiveness and technologies related to the medical field, these are all kinds of devices that help people with certain dysfunctions, with disabilities, to see and hear better, and actually the fourth trend is

mobility of all kinds, all kinds of products that help better. this and scooters driven by me. actually, there's a lot to talk about, so check out our next ones. thank you very much, andriy, we were contacted by andriy borys from the seu exhibition. on january 10 , the un security council will meet to discuss russia's use of weapons from north korea in the war with ukraine. last week, the coordinator of the us national security council , john kirby, confirmed that russia is using ballistic missiles obtained from north korea against ukrainians. he also added that moscow is also trying to acquire ballistic missiles close range in iran. such actions of russia violate un resolutions. iryna solonko continues.

on january 6, the ukrainian investigative authorities first officially reported that russia could have used the kn-23 ballistic missile produced by north korea to attack kharkiv. dmytro chubenko, the spokesman of the kharkiv regional prosecutor's office, said that during the attack on january 2, atypical iskanders hit the city. according to him, they resemble the weapons that can be seen in the photo from the military parades in pyongyang. behind the nozzles, behind the back of this rocket, it is very similar, and indeed this missile is south, north korean, it was manufactured on the base of iskander, therefore there is a great similarity, that is why we are inclined to the version that it is possible... this is a missile that was provided by north korea. after analyzing the remains of the missile, experts noticed that it differs from standard russian iskanders, which we have already fired at kharkiv, says dmytro chubenko. most likely, this is a missile that was either provided by north korea, or

this missile was recently created according to russian drawings and ... russian technology, which they provided, possibly to another country, including, possibly, north korea. the united states has no doubt that the missiles originated in north korea. according to our information, the democratic people's republic of korea recently provided russia with ballistic missile launchers and several such missiles. on december 30, 2023, russian forces launched at least one of these north korean ballistic missiles over ukraine. this missile appears to have landed in an open field in the zaporizhzhia region, and on january 2, russia launched several north korean ballistic missiles over ukraine, including as part of its night air attack. the flight range of these missiles is up to 900 km, and it is either a ballistic missile of the kn-23 or kn-24 type - explained john kirby. ukrainians, says

military expert myroslav gai , suspected for a long time that russia would receive military aid, artillery ammunition, and cartridges. and parts to them from third countries, such as north korea and china, but it is difficult to prove it, it is difficult to analyze whether the ammunition exploded was north korean or russian- made or, i don’t know, relatively speaking, some warehouses of african countries, which once upon a time, the soviet union or the russian federation used to convey, it is difficult, because until you capture these ammunitions, you will not see the barking. from what i know, it is certain that we saw chinese ammunition, and in the trenches that were retaken by our units, we saw concrete boxes, even somewhere there is a photo lying around with markings in chinese, one of the proofs of russia receiving ammunition from third countries , myroslav gai considers the increase in the intensity of shelling, in his opinion,

some of the shells were made in russia, but a certain amount was received from other countries, i just... not so long ago i was near bakhmut with our units and in time yeru and i clearly saw who used how much ammunition and in what quantity, so here is what the experts say and what the general staff says about that , that the russians have a certain advantage, well, they are at the front, you feel this at your own school. george baros, an analyst on russia and ukraine at the institute for the study of war in washington, says that experts saw it back in the fall. we have seen, for example, how all this was loaded into trains, and then transported through siberia to the li'. clash, in addition, i have seen unconfirmed reports that there are quality and size issues with these north korean munitions, there was a picture of a russian weapon with a broken

barrel due to problems with the munitions. this information is confirmed by military expert philip karber. at the beginning of december, he was personally near the contact line, where he heard from the ukrainian military that russia was using north korean ammunition, which pyongyang, he said, had promised to supply to the russians. a million artillery shells. but most of their artillery was similar to russian, 1950-1960 years, that is, they have their own design of ammunition, there is a slight difference in the diameter of the ammunition. as a result, when a shot is fired, powder gases can fly out not only from the front of the barrel, but also hit in the opposite direction, and two things can happen: the first - the shot will be less accurate, because the projectile ... will wobble, the second, more catastrophic destruction of the installation, so now some russian units refuse to fire because these shells kill the crew, so to prevent this

they literally dig their weapons into the ground because they don't want to be hit with flying pieces, this means that the reload time of the weapons is much lower, and they are not very mobile, because you have to dig such a thing every time protection. the russians, myroslav gai emphasizes, also continue to actively use iranian combat drones for attacks on infrastructure, but repurposed chinese ones are on the front line. at the same time , ukrainians found not only components in the wreckage of russian-made drones chinese as well as european production. from new york, iryna solomko, pavlo terikhov, voice of america. sweets, toys, songs and fairy tales help ukrainian psychologists to save children from shock after shelling. this year, many young ukrainians experienced new stress from russian airstrikes during the period, particularly during the winter holidays. in particular, this is six-year-old mark from kharkiv.

iryna shinkarenko investigated how ukrainian children recover from this shock and what psychologists advise to pay attention to. six-year-old mark celebrated the new year in his native kharkiv. ukraine acquires, ukraine works, ukraine exists. was he already like that? the morning of january 2. in the apartment where marki lived with his mother, volunteer nataliya popova. after the shelling , only the christmas tree with garlands remained intact. it is unbelievable to me how the doors and windows flew away, the furniture was torn apart, but she remained and the garland also remained working. mark heard the explosions more than once, since the beginning of the full-scale war, he spent a lot of time in... kharkiv, however, this time the fragments of the rocket hit right in the yard of his five-story building. the boy was saved by the rule two walls we were only lucky

that when i heard the first explosion, i threw the little one from the bed into the bathtub, the explosion happened, the child started screaming, i covered him with myself, i continued to stand, because the smoke was rising, there was a lot of glass, i turned on the light with my phone, i saw what was going on blood, i asked the little one... if this is not good for him, he said that there is only a lot of glass, i asked him to lie down before the emergency services come. rescuers took the boy from under the rubble and glass, he was not physically injured, but he was very scared when he saw injured mother when she saw him, it was literally a few seconds, a psychologist ran up with a big bag of some things, these things, they were toys, it was sweet, she said , look how many new toys you will have now. what do you want, how many candies do you want, come on, talk to me, to mom, everything is fine. natalya was impressed by how professionally ukrainian emergency psychologists learned to work with

children in wartime conditions. literally after a minute, they stopped feeling any fear, he stopped looking at something with me, because his what scared me more than anything was that there was a lot of blood on my face, legs, hands, well, it was the biggest for him. shock and she was able to do everything so that he stopped seeing it, and for me it was at that moment, well, really the most important thing. psychologist olena knysh, who came to see mark, remembers that the boy was very scared, but he was quickly distracted by a toy bear, which she takes with her on challenges. this toy is for babies, but we even collect the baby, dress it, because in the first stage of stress, no he is oriented, he cannot understand where he is, what is with him, who he is and so on, and he started talking to the bear, it was very cute,

it also helped me morally. every child reacts differently to the stress of shelling, olena says. usually, she explains, the best way to soften the blow on the psyche is toys, books and cartoons, anything that takes you to a fictional world and distracts you from the sounds of war. also, song therapy helps a lot. i sing to a lullaby, to my baby, and to other babies, you have to ask right away, what's up. ask basic questions as well, ask basic questions, because in such a stressful stage it is important that the baby does not shut down, that he does not sit silently, that you have a connection, that you understand that the child is with you, he is here, he knows , what is her name, wherever ukrainian children are, they are all traumatized by the war, psychologists say, those who are away from danger worry about their loved ones, in places of regular

shelling, children are often... wary of everything around them, especially sounds. sometimes physical symptoms after shelling point to more serious psychological problems. the first thing i would like to do is to monitor the physical manifestations, whether the child does not have some kind of nervous breakdown, whether he does not have enuresis at night, whether any night terrors have intensified, just to monitor these first moments, the first weeks after the shelling or after some dangerous . situation, although it is morally impossible to prepare for shelling, it is the resilience of parents that mainly depends on how a child copes with stress, - explains lyudmila baletska, a psychology teacher at the uzhhorod national university. worry about yourself, because i think no child will survive unless the parents worry about themselves, and unless they're either worried or exhibiting some sort of mental instability, or going in the direction of worsening that

instability. well, any child cannot cope with this, then the child becomes an adult, and we are already talking about very different scenarios here, the way everything can develop. psychologists say that during the war, ukrainian children have already adapted to life in new conditions, thanks in particular to their parents, who arrange holidays for them and help bring back a sense of normal life. however , the experience accumulates and it will be possible to talk about the real consequences of the war and the restoration of the children's psyche only after the end of hostilities. there is the so-called, for example, delayed ptsd, children are able to accumulate certain traumas or certain stresses, and somewhere in such a delayed future demonstrate that it was, it happened in their life, this trauma, any psychological intervention, any psychological long-term work to heal a person from trauma, it is based on the fact that first of all, stability is needed...

on january 2, mark temporarily moved to his grandmother, he asked his mother to take him away from the destroyed home, despite the fact that their apartment can be repaired, natalia will look for a new place to live, in a house where the family met a new year, and then the first shelling in january, the son no longer wants to return due to psychological trauma, the damaged house and the playground in the yard remind him of the horror he experienced. iryna shynkarenko, maxim shulga, voice of america. so. so we will goodbye, good night and good morning, pa-pa! we are looking for 13-year-old dianka prokopova from donetsk region. official information about the girl's disappearance was received in june 2023, but unfortunately i do not know the exact date of disappearance, because diana lived in...

pokrovsky district in the village of verkhnyotoretske, which was occupied at the beginning of the war. therefore, any information about the girl's possible whereabouts is important. if you happen to have it, call the magnolia child tracing hotline at the short number 11630. calls from any ukrainian mobile operator are free, or write to the chatbot of the child tracing service in telegram. i also want to... know that we are continuing the search for 17-year-old serhiy samoilov, who also disappeared in the donetsk region in the city of mariupol. his mother said that on the very first day of the war, life in the city became unbearable, and the situation worsened rapidly every hour. the family hid in the basement from the bombings, but shelling was far from the only problem for the residents of mariupol.