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a series of conversations with ukrainian and western intellectuals who analyze and comment on the most relevant social debates. what news will be analyzed by the guests of the project this week and... actually, we will find out who will be the guest of the studio this sunday, clearly, the topics will be relevant, guests special, proper names with myroslava barchuk, sunday, 5:10 p.m. at espresso.

welcome to the espresso channel. today , in our military program, we will talk about new technologies that are being developed and used in ukraine to protect our soldiers, in the front line and large areas of the entire country, and we will talk about electronic warfare systems, which ukraine now has to develop in an afterburner mode. it's what i'd call digital gunpowder, if that's what it means. potential in the context of commander-in-chief valery's article zaluzhnyi in economis under the title of modern

positional war and how to win in it, radio-electronic warfare systems are defined there as one of the five priorities that should contribute to the exit from positional war. so, what exactly is so cool and new being done in ukraine, how reb can nullify the mass threat from enemy fpv drones and others. tools give an impression of how rebo can fight cruise missiles, but it is equally important to know that rebo's tools are not superweapons, they have their side effects and limitations. about all this we will talk in this issue of our "war and weapons" program. my name is serhii zgurets, i am the director of the information and consulting company defense express, and my interlocutor will be yuriy momot, the deputy general director of the company. teh, and is this the first time in the format of such a detailed conversation, mr. yuriy, welcome to the espresso channel, good afternoon, i will start

the conversation with the fact that your company, a well-known company, produces various systems for combating drones, starting with anti-drone guns, dome reb, but wanted to start with what you told me before our conversation about the fact that now your company has made another new development, which does not seem to be formally related to the means. but it helps to be able to effectively fight against the enemy's means of attack, what kind of development is it about, what details can be told now? well, in this case we are talking about detection systems, detection systems are divided into active and passive. in this case, we work in two directions and have already developed technical documentation for both active and passive radar stations, but in first of all... we are currently in the process of forming

the purchase of the necessary parts and spare parts for active radar stations due to the fact that there will be a greater need for them, why? because it will be necessary to talk about the creation of a low-altitude radar field on the territory of ukraine, so that it is such... that neither the topography of the area nor the riverbeds will interfere with seeing unmanned aerial vehicles that are moving on the territory of ukraine and trying to destroy our infrastructure objects not in war zones. that is, it is actually about the fact that you have created a new radar that will ensure the detection of cruise missiles, there are shaheds at low altitudes, and this will be implemented. inexpensive, it will be possible to scale and quite efficiently, and what are the expected rls,

the expected technical characteristics, then the combination of these two rls passive and active, there will be in the system of active rls, there are two stations, so one station is the one that detects, that is it is constantly surveying, the so-called detection range is up to 100 km, depending on which target is moving, that is... the smaller the target, the shorter the detection distance will be, of course, 100 km for low-altitude targets, because of what, due to the envelopes due to the antenna, due to the special software that will be used, that is, this radar station will work with low power, it will be quite difficult to detect it, but at the same time it will see enough. to what height should this antenna be raised so that it can see up to 3 m, up to 3 m, yes, that is, look, the question is

that the low-altitude radar field - it is exactly up to 500 m, despite the fact that it will be necessary to install them in those places where our air defense does not see at these low altitudes, at low altitudes, does not see the whole, that is , it is the terrain, it is the riverbeds along which they move exactly, well, at the moment, and shahedi. in most cases, using this history, they understand the white spots that are in air defense, and that is why they use it, which are for... the next stage: there will be tests of this system, acceptance for support, for service, if these characteristics are confirmed, then then scaling through ordering, right? yes, that is, the second radar that should work in this system is the so-called column radar station. today, we have mobile groups with impression systems,

with lanterns, or with thermal imagers, or there with other means. and by the sound, or there already , when they see it, they are trying to shoot down an unmanned aerial vehicle of the shachet type, this radar is a shooting radar, it will be with a fire control module, and the data of the weapon that will be used will be entered there, that is, by range impression of the caliber of this or that firearm . and it will direct and take into account all the characteristics of this weapon and independently aim at the target, i.e. it sees in an overview, transmits it to the firing squad, and the firing squad continues to fire, and then the process can be automated, and it will no longer be a person who turns and looks, but a radar station will see and direct weapons there. and is it possible

to combine this shooting radar with those mobile groups that we are talking about, that is, this. efficiency, and of course what is in this just in case, this whole system will be built so that mobile groups can more effectively use ammunition and impression of targets, not without using thermal imagers, lanterns, there, at the same time, it will be possible to talk about the fact that it will be possible to shoot them down significantly. earlier, and at the same time, to make sure that there are no populated areas under the bottom, over which they are shot down, so to speak, there is a need for 100 such sets, how long did it take your company to meet these needs in view of these technological processes, well look, in six months, what two to produce, what

50, in fact we are currently concentrating. on the fact that these systems, antennas should be produced in ukraine, not the equipment should be produced in ukraine, yes, of course, there will be foreign components, but they will be somewhere around 60%, but the main element is antennas and blocks, which are necessary for to send signals and work with... svch channels, they will be manufactured in ukraine, that is, in fact, you are ready in principle to take on such an order, if it arrives in the near future, in terms of technical capabilities you have no doubt about these complexes , the tests will confirm them, yes, yes, well , then i would like to move further then closer to reb, because reb means have been such

a profile area of ​​activity of your company for many years, in fact, because you have done even before the large-scale invasion, these... different means, and i would like to start then, what has changed in this last year on this digital battlefield in terms of reb's means, in terms of quantity, quality, what has changed in us, what has changed what is the overall picture of the enemy? the general picture is as follows, that today there is an active development of the so-called tactical rap, this rap, which is actually used at ranges of up to 5 km. these are anti-drone guns, and systems, uh, dome, uh, look, and - so-called rep systems, which, uh, create a wide field so that, they work at a shorter distance, but with more a wide

opening angle of the antenna in order to cover a larger area, er, therefore... there is a direction in the direction of development in this, and of course there are systems that work at 20 km, according to them, of course, this everything is more difficult, and they are necessary, and detection systems are needed here and there, that is, today it is necessary to build, in addition to suppressing systems, it is necessary to develop the direction of passive detection of unmanned... aircraft of the fpv type, drones, drones, lancets, which work through communication connection, you mentioned anti-drone guns, i heard that interest, interest in... anti-tron guns is slowly decreasing, because, relatively speaking, the frequencies on which these guns work have already changed, the enemy changes these frequencies, and

then, relatively speaking , what was bought before, now it is no longer necessary, and on the other hand , the rifle is a fairly large device , you have to carry it with you, plus batteries and so on, and it imposes a number of additional obligations on the fighter, who is better off taking, relatively speaking, ammunition to automatic machine rather than carrying an anti-drone gun, what does your experience say? yes , of course, and the frequencies change, and precisely, and not only the frequencies, today unmanned aerial vehicles of the type of fpv drones, or even the same mavics, have changed in the other direction, they have increased the power on the remotes, and this has resulted in guns that have less signal strength. they are becoming less effective, because if previously there was 500 mw on the drone control panel,

today they use directional antennas and use power there up to 4 w per communication channel, accordingly, guns really become that have weak power, they really can't create. effective interference at those distances at which they claimed earlier, to talk about the fact that the frequencies have radically changed, well, probably not quite so, they have expanded, but those the channels that were, they still work today, that is, channel 5.8, which, well, it was used as for video, today it is used for video signal in fp drones, it remains, that is... 5700, 5850, yes, of course, they are trying to expand it there and are expanding it, but today most of them fly on video at 5750, 5850 on these

frequencies, they usually use 1.2 analog on video, that is, two channels on video are always used, mr. yuri, doesn’t that mean that after all, little by little, this is the need for rap tools, it is shifting away from anti-drone guns to... a dome reb, which apparently you can buy one unit, will cover an entire unit, and you don't need to run around with guns, so to speak. well, here is the information for yesterday, fpv drones started flying with a frequency of 2.4, dome systems are made at 860-960, how will they affect? well, then it means that both the dome systems and the anti-drone virus units must be flexibly adjusted to the situation that develops in the field. guns in this case , they did not use them like that, let's say that they are used less, it is necessary, for sure, to change them

the tactics of using and making more powerful guns to work on the same mavics that are used on the front lines, like fire adjusters, reconnaissance drones, they have power on the ... remotes are big, they have pretty serious cameras, and they are behind 3-5 km from the combat zone, they can adjust the fire, they also need to be delivered with something, but from the point of view of orders for your company, because you also produce dome-shaped anti-drone systems and anti-drone guns, a request from the point of view of power structures from buyers , what now more longing for guns or a bathhouse of rebel systems more. why, because they want to install, in addition to everything, on equipment, not just on units in order to close units. the main issue today is that when

half-buckets appeared, armored vehicles actually lost their invulnerability, and they already lost their effectiveness, that is, they cannot turn from a derivative order into a combat order, to lead. offensive actions there in some direction of the front, because in fact , when it will approach, it will already can be hit, 5 km to the combat zone , before it has turned into battle order, it can be hit by an fpv drone and the tank will stop in can be destroyed, the same with an armored car, by the way, we have a video of a russian tank there, on which stands... the complete reb system, now we will ask our directors to find this video, you see, this russian dance is moving, on which the reb dome system stands.

there they explain that it is effective there, it protects against it, it manages to counteract ukrainian fpv drones there, but i after that the video will immediately be a video about your development, where the minister of digital transformation spoke about the fact that your company has made an effective example, and i have, well, first of all a question, are we now following the same path with the enemies, are there any solutions, that's it things, this is a video about... about yours, about your development, where it basically blocks an fp drone attack on a tank, right, as i understand it, yes, are we currently following the same technological paths, and are we now equally abutting on any technological limitations, if you compare these russian examples of the type there breakwater and your development, well, the one you saw on the tank is not a breakwater, and the effectiveness of the antennas that are there for sure.

for one time, because it’s just a matter of starting a tank and firing and then driving through that area to return, there were already comments by the same tankmen who later said that a couple of antennas fell off after the first trip, a shot, after the first trip, yes, because such antennas are not very effective in this case. on a tank, which, well , the vibrations are very large, that is, there it is necessary to anticipate a lot of other points, due to the fact that the tank is even started, there is quite a lot of vibration there, and for radio-electronic equipment, this is not such a simple story, that is, for one plot of narash, you can show that there is a system, but you cannot fight with it, but you went the other way, we went the other way, we started

using antennas that... don't have these, well, not these sizes, they are much smaller, much smaller, they are fixed on the housing, special shock absorbers are used under the housing for radio electronic equipment, therefore the vibrations are not so serious, and we have developed a system that allows us to add blocks, that is, we can reserve m... control with additional channels, that is , if there are any additional channels for drones, we can always add a control system that is installed right away, it involves adding six to eight blocks there, that is, six to eight blocks - these are 6-8 ranges, where potentially segments of the work of the enemy, enemy drones can appear, and then i would like

to know about this module? which is placed on our armored vehicles, it was said that it is not requires the participation of the operator , that is, the tank actually starts up, the mechanic, the driver or the commander of the tank turns on, presses the button and it works, and relatively speaking, there is a 600 m dome covering this armored vehicle and the fpv drones cannot attack, are there orders for these fpv drones after that , how did the tests go, everything else, has the process of making these samples de proprontechni already started, and these orders can be said to be measured in the hundreds for... the needs of the armed forces, yes, well, i would say yes, the defense forces, the defense forces, i don't i will name the units there, but for the forces defense, yes by hundreds, and then the reverse side of this story, if the rep works, isn’t this an additional unmasking sign for the fact that, relatively speaking, our dance started, a dome appeared, and the enemy with rtr means sees that ours are moving tanks , yes, of course, a nice system that is included

in order to... create an obstacle, it is visible, but there is a question of artillery, and no one filmed this question on the line of battle, but there are fp drones, which can not always be quickly and it is always possible to get into a machine gun or a tank immediately, in a half-bucket hit, well, 95% hit one hundred percent. into an armored car or into a tank or into another means of transport that carries ammunition there or evacuates the wounded, so here it is necessary, here it is always necessary to choose, of course, if a person uses an anti-drone gun there, we conduct training, we always warn how to properly lead in order to save your life, well, in any case, the tactics of her actions...