hear, and if you listen well to what ryfat agachubarov said, i think our audience will have many thoughts about several topics that we have already touched on and will continue to discuss, i just take the opportunity to note that it is important this week 's crimea-related event is the release of yevhen karakashev, a crimean activist convicted in russia from yevpatoria, who was released from the balashov prison in the... ratov region of the russian federation after six years of imprisonment, i reported earlier his acquaintances, my acquaintance, and so do i i understand that we will now look for opportunities to contact a person who, unfortunately, had to miss the deadline and it is interesting to talk to a person if he can, of course, it is so interesting to talk to a person who is for nothing, just for their citizenship, for their position on their own.

spent a full term on my land, i hope that this has been put to an end, to talk about his feelings, about his feelings when he got into the occupying carriage, about his feelings now, about his vision of the war, about everything, about everything, about everything, the opinion of such people , in my opinion, is valuable, i am always interested in it, well, on this we will say goodbye, we will remind you that this was a joint project of the tv channel and the atp tv channel, together, beraber, khrystyna yatskiv and . muzhdabaev, i was with you, see you, goodbye, work on the bill on mobilization continues, soon the ranks of the ukrainian army may be filled with a large number of new people who will need to be trained and prepared for combat operations, but even now this training process continues without... intermittently, both abroad and

in ukraine. my name is yaroslav krechko, this is donbas-reality, and today we have a conversation with the commander of the training of the command of the ground forces of the armed forces of ukraine, viktor nikoliuk , about how this system has changed in almost two years of the great war and about the peculiarities of the training process for both newly mobilized and experienced military personnel mr. major general, work is currently underway on the draft law on mobilization, and various figures were announced, the number of people being mobilized was unknown to us, the figure was called, in particular up to half a million and persons. is there in in the training centers, what kind of work is being done , what kind of work is being done in this direction in order to let such a large number of people pass and how realistic it is at all. 500,000, there is 1,000, 200,000, as will be determined, of course, by the law on mobilization, but we are ready.

today, for example, we are constantly conducting relevant events, official meetings are held, where the actual capabilities of all training centers, the real state of the instructor staff, because a large part of them are involved in the areas of combat missions by combat units, are clarified, as well support the training of personnel, but as of today, we are able to train any number of personnel, of course, if we take an analysis of how many were trained abroad and... and, accordingly, on the territory of our state, then let's say it like this, 20% abroad , the rest are prepared here. training, training, education of its members is the key to the execution of combat missions, and the key to saving lives, how does this training take place, starting with the mobilized, that is, who today conducts the training course a person who was still a civilian yesterday, before entering the zone. their actions and how long it

takes and is this time enough to really prepare a person? there is a corresponding decision of the president of the supreme commander-in-chief of the armed forces of ukraine, which clearly states that every mobilized person who joins the armed forces must undergo basic general training. this decision is implemented unconditionally, i.e. not a single step to the side takes place, as determined, so it goes, there are appropriate programs, of course before these were programs training for several months, as of today... the training program has been slightly reduced, the basic general military one, adjustments have been made, based on the practical component, that is, more emphasis is placed on the practical component, in the future , professional training of personnel is carried out , based on that specialty , to which a serviceman goes, of course, as a training commander, i would like to have much more time, so that it would be possible to train personnel, so that all those nuances, all those subtleties that we take into account in the course of general combat experience so that they can be taken into account and

, let's say, put into training and put into the head of each serviceman, who in the future will ensure both the fulfillment of the mission and... will save his life, but we will take into account these realities, and therefore those servicemen who then they come to their military units, i.e. operational-tactical groups, there their training continues immediately before the execution of the task, for at least two to three weeks, and even more than a month, they are prepared directly for execution of combat tasks. ugh. you have already said that changes have been made to this basic military training. can you give some examples of what exactly has changed. look, previously the basic all-village training, the program as a base, when we formed it even earlier , a three-month program, then it consisted of the main emphasis, that we took as a basis the training of our partners in the countries of the alliance, and it was typical, as for krainils, accordingly, it is the letter for us with

the aim that future civil servants, when they will undergo joint training, training, they were conducted according to a single protocol and there was an understanding between them, taking into account... that the terms were shortened and , but the volumes were not reduced, and therefore the practical component was taken into account, that is, we emphasized fire training exercises, which are used, these are shooting exercises in a limited space, these are psychological exercises, i.e., which give the employee the opportunity to prepare his proof of shooting combat and... psychological exercises that give him the opportunity to act both in a limited space, that is, in a trench, in bunkers, and accordingly, stress resistance to explosions, shelling, etc., uh, well, anyway , despite the kind of training you say, in terms of stress resistance, preparation for what actually happens in a combat zone,

there are still a certain number of people who, let's say so, without being injured, yes, but they lose the ability to perform combat tasks, maybe i don't know if it's worth developing some kind of algorithm to... do with these servicemen, or train them in some other way, or it's impossible to prepare and understand how a person will behave in combat environment, in my opinion the problem is not so much training, although training is of course very important and it is, let's say, such a key point, but we can give a soldier 1000 rounds, 1000 grenades, there is 1000 tons of fuel so that he can you... drive , shoot, run out, but if he sits down in the trench and begins, say, shelling, he may simply not be ready for this, here , for sure, it is more like an assessment of the subconscious mind of a person, that is, it is not suitable for him to prepare more, let's say, from the depths, from school, in the future

the state central committee, in the future those higher educational institutions, that is, those who teach, that is, on a broader level, this is the education of a person, this is the education of a personality, we will work out the appropriate exercises, we take these nuances into account. practiced exercises for psychological well-being, there are exercises such as the corridor, there are exercises such as shooting at a meeting, shelling, etc., we already perform this, but let's say, it is not always possible to look into the subconscious of each person, well, there is such a statement that there the army is the growth of society, if you can describe such an average portrait of a mobilized, what kind of person is this, to of a full-scale formation , it was, let's say this, it's my... purely my opinion, a young contract worker, a serviceman who came for training, who deliberately came to the army and who is ready to perform any tasks, which has shown, as of today, unfortunately, taking into account the losses, unfortunately, the fact that

many of us died, many were wounded, the age was mobilized, it increased, that is, the bar was raised, the age bar, it increased. and of course, these are certain difficulties in preparation, this is the physical training of personnel, endurance of physical loads, this must be taken into account, but we influence it, we take into account all these, shall we say , changes that exist today, and the program that we have, it is necessary to introduce changes there every month, to date, we have again revived, shall we say, the physical training , and both in higher military educational institutions and for... the fear of training, because it is during those few months that a person gets used to the load, someone is needed behind them, someone to watch, control them, there are appropriate specialists, we spend with them again gathering activities, we train them and take this into account, which specialists are most in demand now, do

you have such data? well, such data , it would probably be incorrect to educate, but after all, the most needed specialists are ordinary infantry, this is infantry, this is the infantry that... goes forward, the infantry that storms, and the infantry that is entrenched in a trench , that infantry that gains positions, that infantry that goes into forward positions, that repels the enemy, this is of course the most massive training, this is... the bay of the infantryman, this is in the sukhbobud troops, no belittling the roles, it is very important, and drones, and tankers, and gunners, and mortars, anyone, but today it is infantry, returning to the training of the ukrainian military abroad, does it not create any inconvenience, the same representative of the american the command spoke about the fact that training is taking place abroad in 80 different places... of the ukrainian military, no, we take into account the fact that training is taking place in different locations,

it all depends on who, who is located there from the senior command, and of course, before the unit kills there, we initiated a meeting with the representatives even earlier, respectively, that is , we act as the customers, and before our personnel go there, we review those programs, what they will be prepared for, if necessary, and the need often happens, we make changes there, correct them , of course there are certain, if you can say difficulties, this is the legal framework of the countries where the class is held, because there are certain nuances, what not to do, for example, engineering training, there , explosive work should not be carried out there, but today it is taken into account, and there are already certain locations, for some reason only the locations where these classes take place, there is a certain unification , and the programs, the program is practically all unified, ... it is not significantly different, we make these changes, if we , for example, take spain there or

great britain, the difference is not significant, therefore it does not affect the training of personnel and if necessary, we correct it, ugh, have you ever seen such nuances in social networks wrote, how true is this, i will ask you, yes , that sometimes someone has to take an exam here after he received a certain specialty there, he has to take the exam again here, are there any such problems? our experience, he , i don’t want to offend anyone, but our combat experience is several years ahead of all those who teach us, we are naturally afraid of this experience, but it is necessary to take into account that it does not stand still, that is, whatever -what war is, it changes, and the trend of the development of forms and ways of conducting it changes practically, well, if not... monthly , then weekly, and these subtleties must be taken into account, before that, let's say,

alliance countries, even professional training, they provide basic training, but taking into account those nuances is precisely our component, it is our duty connection, we , even before they come here, of course we demonstrate the skills that they had to give, that they give, and then we will refine them in the sense that we already need, you already mentioned that the land the troops received from partners a large number of new... types of weapons there and manpads, and artillery, and tanks, armored vehicles, cannon, artillery, it is obvious that it is necessary to have a certain shot, and after training with military personnel, how this is done and in what volume, whether it is all happening, we took into account, let's say so , the fact that there are many samples that have arrived, but the available televangelist base is not, let's say, not in the volume that we would like. to date, we have held a number of negotiations with partner countries,

identified the need that we need, of course, we would like to have much more samples, but already samples, for example, there are machine guns, grenade launchers, to date there are - such a small number, but they are already receiving samples, these are infantry fighting vehicles, these are bradleys, these are m-113, we initiate the issue of providing, but taking into account, of course , what do you say about... shoot and the fact that most of the projectiles are used precisely for practical shooting, we focus on training, training is exactly the training equipment we have, they are all preserved, they are all functional, that program the provision that gives, it makes it possible to train a specialist, that is, a crew member of the team there, a gunner, a tank, a gunner, an infantry fighting vehicle, that is, in full, the only thing that then in the future is the skill of loading ammunition, etc., but the introduction of fire. movement on the march, conducting a battle, any kind of battle, dueling shooting, offensive, ambush,

etc., now the provision that is there, it fully gives the opportunity to cook, then he gets on the car and some say the opposite, which is much easier on the car than it was on the simulator, are you talking about simulators of pre-soviet equipment or pre-soviet equipment, the simulators that we have are not simulators, but samples of foreign ones, these are mushroom machines. now we will have few infantrymen in the head of the center, of course, we would like more of them, but this is already the work that gives results, these are already the first results, we raised the issue, it is supported at the level of... leadership - this is the provision of that base , which we have a base, but, let's say, we now focus more on samples of the country, and we raised the issue of the purchase of trainers, the purchase of simulators, which this year will make it possible to completely close the basic and professional training of soldiers of the ground forces, and practically, it is not such a significant amount, it

will really make it possible to close all this training, and training the center and the training center will be able to... conduct both basic and professional training and also take into account that the renewal of training for their units. also, we put great emphasis on the training of people who manage by battle, these are simulation modeling centers and departments, we are creating them, this year we will complete them completely, several centers have already been created by us, several departments are in certain at certain training centers, they are already functioning, the personnel has been selected, he has undergone training, we we will take into account the combat experience and the experience that is available for use. of our units, positive, negative, any we will take into account, we put it on working out the relevant staff training, regarding the instructors, i wanted to ask who these are now people, these are the ones that were there before the full-scale invasion, the new instructors, and how or some safeguards to control this learning process, so that it is not there for a tick, but really, to date, in

order to raise the quality of them and check it was only ... initiated by us in the command of the ground forces, we have already held relevant commissions several times that determine the degree of preparedness of military personnel, as of today, this work is again continuing and the decision of the deputy commander-in-chief is to be determined by the end of the month, again to report the real state of affairs, today there are needs in the instructor staff, but it is necessary to take into account that the training of an instructor is not a month or two, this is if you take the full cycle of training, if you take into account... such intermediate frameworks , he must stay at one for two years positions, so that we, if we even clean up, the training of an instructor with us takes only the training itself, starting with the base, professions and further training of any to from six to 9 months, it is continuous, continuous such work that should be, therefore for today and the presence of instructors, which is there, they work , they train personnel for it, but

work is underway to increase their false level, that is, if there is an instructor of the basic level, advanced level and up to... academic level, respectively, this is already the person who who makes the programs herself, and who, accordingly, already works with the noncommissioned staff, and what percentage among them has combat experience, are they all with combat experience, not all with combat experience, we take this into account, every instructor must have combat experience, this is a requirement as the commander-in-chief , this is a requirement as a command of the ground forces, we will comply with it, but the personnel that we recruit for the instructor must undergo a certain period of training, master the program that he has. enclosed, the following decision was made, the instructor prepares the personnel, and with this personnel he goes, performs the tasks, three weeks, two-three weeks, he performs the tasks with him, he really saw how he prepared the personnel, he really evaluates them readiness, he really sees his shortcomings, then they return, let's say a meeting,

such a meeting is held, at which clearly everyone the moment is being sorted out, especially since now it may be an opportunity. well, in real time, these are streams, these are video surveillance , these are, accordingly, reports of servicemen, these are interviews of commanders, what we use, and they return, and in the future they prepare the unit again and for a few more weeks they go with they teach the task, only then, when he completes it for at least a month or two, at least a month, that is, three weeks for two more weeks, let’s put it this way, at least a month or a half and then he completes it for up to two months, then he would already have... is considered that he has experience and he is, well, he is already teaching, but it is not standing still, and a decision has been made, all the instructors are of some kind, they are used as part of mobile training groups, that is, we take instructors, for example, those who prepare mechanized there are stormtroopers , we send them to one operational-tactical group, then to another, and even with combat experience, they train personnel there

, and some are even involved in combat missions again, in terms of training sergeants and... officers, partially we are something mentioned, but in general, to what extent have changes already taken place here, and as far as i understand, after the full-scale invasion , people very quickly began to rise up the career ladder, and how much does this actually affect their training? in any army, the problem is a young commander, a division commander, a platoon commander, a company commander, this is the link that fights, this is talent... which , with personnel, is at the place of execution of the task in a trench, in a tank, etc., unfortunately , this is the link that should lead, that a link that bears losses, and of course... personnel and precisely the need for department commanders, squad commanders, leads to the fact that this process does not end, it is constant, constant, constant, it is controlled by the higher

headquarters, it is controlled by our commander, it is controlled at all levels, and of course, it needs even more resources, more resources, both instructional and probably human, but what i said is that it is a term that must be taken into account, that a person must learn, if we take, then we prepare for 50 days, that's it... his basic training 50 virgins, then professional training , the commander of the detachment, we take into account combat experience , we give him what the commander of the detachment should know, the structure there is the position of the detachment, there the degree is higher, that is, because the sergeant leads as a detachment, he leads a platoon, and there were cases, for example, in my case, when the chief sergeant of the company led even companies , unfortunately, when the company command, there were several cases when the company commander died and it was the chief sergeant who performed the combat task, got a position, which later, well, let's say, led to... . what live people, completed task, etc., and we also emphasize this, we hit more , let's say, the main emphasis, this is the practical component, this is his ability to work with people, selection,

of course, we involve psychologists to determine his leadership skills abilities, today, for example, when basic general training is conducted in our country, each serviceman must be evaluated according to the rating, his rating data and from these rating data, respectively. already in the center of training, that is, the commander of the training battalions, they already give suggestions of who, from the military serviceman to be recruited for which position , and then he leaves, it is for a long time, it takes several months, but it must be done, as the work with the analysis of combat operations of successful and unsuccessful operations is currently constructed, probably first of all, and there is a corresponding generalization, how it happens, there is a corresponding generalization. we carried out such a colossal work, we took into account the experience of partners, we held meetings with partner countries, more than one official meeting was held under

the deputy commander-in-chief for general combat experience precisely on the scale of, let's say, the armed forces, but on the scale of the ground forces, we take into account the fact that the top staff is more of such doctrinal provisions, our task is from collective to individual training. accordingly, taking into account, i say again, experience, a lot of documents were studied, today we have groups, mobile groups, such studies of combat, combat experience, they are already working in the army, we collect them monthly according to the results of what they have worked on , a meeting is held during which it is determined, what is positive or negative, and accordingly it is already placed individual training, actions of the soldier, even there the application of the weapon there or. what is the enemy's position, how has it changed, how is this or that type of weapon used, etc., collective training, how do we take into account what drones, types of drones, at what altitudes they fly,

how they carry out, respectively, bombers, how they work fp buckets, etc., for example, using a tank, a combat vehicle, infantry, at what distances they change, you can use automatic grenade launchers there, mortars, etc., that is, to ensure , protect your personnel, and at the same time, to prevent the enemy from raising reserves, the preparation of the headquarters, what was positive, what was taken into account, for example, the best performed the task, such and such, such nuances, on the contrary, if something was not completed, why, what prevented it, and then it should be the preparation of the headquarters that is currently undergoing training, that is, in our country, as headquarters prepare abroad, so they come, we check them again, give them certain learning growth and we use them even for combat training, i.e., before going to the mine task area. is this type of internship, i.e., the headquarters, the combat zone , goes, interns together with the headquarters that performs the tasks, takes into account their experience,

what needs to be worked out, that is, during the process of working out documents, decision-making, unit management, and then returns and works out again in his own unit, that is, we take all this experience into account, we share it, meetings are held in the ground forces, respectively, in... the headquarters of the armed forces, we hold these meetings, we will exchange experience, and a great deal of work has already been done. considering this generalization, can you tell me how much the war has changed, even mentioning the defense of chernihiv, in which you directly participated, which you directly controlled, and what is now on the battlefield, how far these changes are, they are drastic there, well look, fault, if it started, like, well, er, well, i take my experience, yes, starting. we had practically no drones, that’s how we learned to shoot down flying planes, the enemy is also learning,

took the appropriate ranges, took into account. mobile groups, those who were leaving, mobile ambushes, etc., this is according to chernihiv as well, the use of joint actions, infantry, tanks , etc., because there were also border guards, there were also the national guard, the first tank brigade, the 58th mechanized brigade, and they together with they performed tasks, if we now consider the use of missile strikes at a higher level, there is aviation, but this is already the use of cabs, etc., missiles, cabs, etc., this is against it. the commander of a large number of unmanned aerial vehicles, and of various types: fpb, drones, this is a kamikat, for, etc., that is, those that are given to us, of course, development is going on, these are anti-drones in a gun, these are appropriate devices for providing radio-electronic protection of our servicemen, they always want more, that is why it continues here, they will return again study of all that is, let's say, the line provided by our

manufacturers. partners, i.e. any tool , if there is such a possibility, we first check it, in such a certain sense we run it in, so that it is possible to understand how effective it is, where is 80%, where, respectively less, and even the training command, we deal with what we collect, for example, frequency spectrum analyzers, they were not there before, now they are, we train personnel on the basis of one of the higher education institutions, that is, we organized this work and they are sent there, accordingly, devices are issued that provide... military personnel or surveillance of drones, etc., or vice versa appropriate cover, even night devices and that, that is, it is already coming to us, we issue brigades, er, if we talk about the enemy, about the russian army, obviously they also learn, and it can be seen on the battlefield, how well do you think the ukrainian army reacts to their innovations, and what can you

say about them, how much they learn? they actually react to, well, it’s not necessary to underestimate the enemy , i think it would be wrong, any enemy should be evaluated accordingly, ah, the intelligence that reaches us, and it reaches us, let’s say, objective and it is timely, that is, any even their method, which they have worked out, it is thanks to our scouts, accordingly, it appears in us, we study it, and they also learn, they don't stand still, we take into account what they see, they, in a certain sense, they... we are caught up, in a certain sense, they drive us, this must be taken into account, if, for example, we were taking into account the losses, we made changes, accordingly, and they showed themselves well, then about three months passed, i am already looking at their manual, it practically copies what we did, but there are certain points, for example, the use of unmanned aerial vehicles, there are significantly more of them , and therefore we need it take into account, and the tactics that they use there, the use of those tactical and technical characteristics, we also take into account, because

no... you can’t evaluate the enemy, otherwise you will lose then, so we take into account, study and specialists who study out of necessity they go there to the area of ​​hostilities, i make appropriate trips, i communicate with the commanders of battalion brigades and, accordingly , he gathers this experience, so the war here is about who wins who, you know, let’s evaluate where they are ahead in human resources, yes, they have a significant human resource, they do not spare it, they spend it, but they also learn. and the very end of the statement is already fairly well established in zmi and in society that a small soviet army cannot defeat a large soviet army, so there is still a lot of soviet in the armed forces of ukraine in the way of thinking, in the attitude of commanders to soldiers, well, obviously it is still is there a lot of it? come on, how many years have passed since the soviet union? practically, several generations have already grown up because they are on... a large

number of personnel, let's say, what i still found the soviet one, to say sovietism , i think it’s more about each person, how you behave, how you were raised by society, how you were raised by your parents, how the environment raised you and how you behave, each person leads you the way you are you give it, if the commander says something , well, for example, about his subordinates, then accordingly i believe that he is humiliating them there, so that here it is necessary not to be silent, here it is necessary to say, say that the scoop, well... the scoop is not in execution, scoop in the head. soviet in the army and so significantly, it is practically gone, because it used to be hazing, now there is no hazing , that is, everything is possible, but the situation is that people carry out tasks, the same sergeants, they are with personnel, the commander with personnel is not there, they got rid of , next, if before the soldiers were treated like this...